Spatiotemporal activation of lumbosacral motoneurons in the locomotor step cycle

Journal of Neurophysiology

Volumn 87, Issue 3, 2002, Pages 1542-1553

  Yakovenko, Sergiy ^a   Mushahwar, Vivian ^a   Vanderhorst, Veronique ^b   Holstege, Gert ^b   Prochazka, Arthur ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ALBERTA   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITY OF GRONINGEN   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CAT; CELL ACTIVATION; COMPUTER ANALYSIS; ELECTROMYOGRAPHY; GAIT; HINDLIMB; LEG MUSCLE; LOCOMOTION; LUMBOSACRAL SPINE; MOTONEURON; NONHUMAN; OSCILLATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; THREE DIMENSIONAL IMAGING;

EID: 0036095522     PISSN: 00223077     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1152/jn.00479.2001     Document Type: Article

References (82)

1. The distal hindlimb musculature of the cat
2. Phasic gain control of the transmission in cutaneous reflex pathways to motoneurones during "fictive" locomotion
3. Role of the cerebellum and motor cortex in the regulation of visually controlled locomotion
4. Pattern generation
5. EMG signal amplitude and force
6. A comparison of treadmill locomotion in adult cats before and after spinal transection
7. Spinal locomotion: A comparison of the kinematics and the electromyographic activity in the same animal before and after spinalization
8. The relation between force, velocity and integrated electrical activity. Motor unit activity in the voluntary contraction of human muscle
9. The intrinsic factors in the act of progression in the mammal
10. Adaptive control for backward quadrupedal walking. II. Hindlimb muscle synergies
11. Control of the trunk during walking in the cat
12. Mechanical actions of compartments of the cat hamstring muscle, biceps femoris
13. Locomotion of the hindlimbs after neurectomy of ankle flexors in intact and spinal cats: Model for the study of locomotor plasticity
14. Localization and organization of the central pattern generator for hindlimb locomotion in newborn rat
15. Functionally complex muscles of the cat hindlimb. V. The roles of histochemical fiber-type regionalization and mechanical heterogeneity in differential muscle activation
16. Experimental simulation of cat electromyogram: Evidence for algebraic summation of motor unit action potentials
17. The capacity for generation of rhythmic oscillations is distributed in the lumbosacral spinal cord of the cat
18. Modulation of ipsi- and contralateral reflex responses in unrestrained walking cats
19. Integrative pattern of Ia synaptic actions on motoneurones of hip and knee muscles
20. Reflexes to foot muscles in the cat
21. An electromyographic analysis of muscular activity in the hindlimb of the cat during unrestrained locomotion
22. Peripheral and central control of flexor digitorum longus and flexor hallucis longus motoneurons: The synaptic basis of functional diversity
23. On integrative motor functions in the cat's spinal cord
24. The locomotion of the low spinal cat. I. Coordination within a hindlimb
25. The cat step cycle: Hind limb joint angles and muscle lengths during unrestrained locomotion
26. Locomotion in vertebrates: Central mechanisms and reflex interaction
27. Vertebrate locomotion - A lamprey perspective
28. On the initiation of the swing phase of locomotion in chronic spinal cats
29. Central pattern generators for locomotion, with special reference to vertebrates
30. How detailed is the central pattern generation for locomotion?
31. On the central generation of locomotion in the low spinal cat
32. Adaptive changes in locomotor control after partial denervation of triceps surae muscles
33. The stride cycle of the cat: The modelling of locomotion by computerized analysis of automatic recordings
34. N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-mediated voltage oscillations in neurons surrounding the central canal in slices of rat spinal cord
35. Cat hindlimb motoneurons during locomotion. III. Functional segregation in sartorius
36. Cat hindlimb motoneurons during locomotion. II. Normal activity patterns
37. Interneuronal relay in spinal pathways from proprioceptors
38. Neuronal mechanisms for generating locomotor activity
39. Distribution of central pattern generators for rhythmic motor outputs in the spinal cord of limbed vertebrates
40. Localization of the spinal network associated with generation of hindlimb locomotion in the neonatal rat and organization of its transverse coupling system
41. Calcium imaging of motoneuron activity in the en-bloc spinal cord preparation of the neonatal rat
42. The distal hindlimb musculature of the cat: Interanimal variability of locomotor activity and cutaneous reflexes
43. Activity of spindle afferents from cat anterior thigh muscles. II. Effects of fusimotor blockade
44. Activity of spindle afferents from cat anterior thigh muscles. I. Identification and patterns during normal locomotion
45. Initiating or blocking locomotion in spinal cats by applying noradrenergic drugs to restricted lumbar spinal segments
46. Modifiability of pattern generator
47. Spinal cord microstimulation generates functional limb movements in chronically implanted cats
48. Selective activation and graded recruitment of functional muscle groups through spinal cord stimulation
49. Actions of FDL and FHL muscles in intact cats: Functional dissociation between anatomical synergists
50. Mechanisms of spontaneous activity in the developing spinal cord and their relevance to locomotion
51. Proprioceptive regulation of locomotion
52. Main characteristics of the hindlimb locomotor cycle in the decorticate cat with special reference to bifunctional muscles
53. Simulation of electromyograms showing interference patterns
54. L'autonomie et la centralisation dans le système nerveux des animaux
55. Adaptive control for backward quadrupedal walking. V. Mutable activation of bifunctional thigh muscles
56. Functionally complex muscles of the cat hindlimb. IV. Intramuscular distribution of movement command signals and cutaneous reflexes in broad, bifunctional thigh muscles
57. Proprioception during voluntary movement
58. Comparison of natural and artificial control of movement
59. Proprioceptive feedback and movement regulation
60. Ensemble firing of muscle afferents recorded during normal locomotion in cats
61. Ensemble proprioceptive activity in the cat step cycle: Towards a representative look-up chart
62. Discharges of single hindlimb afferents in the freely moving cat
63. The cat step cycle: Electromyographic patterns for hindlimb muscles during posture and unrestrained locomotion
64. Organization of the projections from the pericruciate cortex to the pontomedullary reticular formation of the cat: A quantitative retrograde tracing study
65. The motor cell columns of the lumbo-sacral spinal cord of the cat
66. Locomotion of the adult chronic spinal cat and its modification by monoaminergic agonists and antagonists
67. The distribution of the permanent paralysis in the lower limb in poliomyelitis
68. Notes on the arrangement of some motor fibres in the lumbo-sacral plexus
69. Flexion-reflex of the limb, crossed extension-reflex, and reflex stepping and standing
70. Forms of forward quadrupedal locomotion. III. A comparison of posture, hindlimb kinematics, and motor patterns for downslope and level walking
71. Adaptive control of backward quadrupedal walking. VI. Metatarsophageal joint dynamics and motor patterns of digit muscles
72. Coding of locomotor phase in populations of neurons in rostral and caudal segments of the neonatal rat lumbar spinal cord
73. Organization of lumbosacral motoneuronal cell groups innervating hindlimb, pelvic floor, and axial muscles in the cat
74. Forces produced by medial gastrocnemius and soleus muscles during locomotion in freely moving cats
75. Neuromuscular responses to gait perturbations in freely moving cats
76. Locus of activation of spinal motoneuron pools in the cat step cycle
77. Rostrocaudal distribution of 5-HT innervation in the lamprey spinal cord and differential effects of 5-HT on fictive locomotion
78. Electromyographic study of lumbar back muscles during locomotion in acute high decerebrate and in low spinal cats