메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 76, Issue 1, 1996, Pages 471-491

A comparison of treadmill locomotion in adult cats before and after spinal transection

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ARTICLE; CAT; CONTROLLED STUDY; ELECTROMYOGRAPHY; FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMENT; HISTOLOGY; KINESIOLOGY; LOCOMOTION; MUSCLE CONTRACTION; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SPINAL CORD TRANSSECTION; TREADMILL;

EID: 0029894404     PISSN: 00223077     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1152/jn.1996.76.1.471     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (195)

References (103)
  • 1
    • 0021871089 scopus 로고
    • The distal hindlimb musculature of the cat. Patterns of normal use
    • ABRAHAM, L. D. AND LOEB, G. E. The distal hindlimb musculature of the cat. Patterns of normal use. Exp. Brain Res. 58: 580-593, 1985.
    • (1985) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.58 , pp. 580-593
    • Abraham, L.D.1    Loeb, G.E.2
  • 2
    • 2742510848 scopus 로고
    • The motor cortex and locomotion in the cat
    • edited by S. Grillner, P. S. G. Stein, D. G. Stuart, H. Forssberg, and R. M. Herman. London: Macmillan
    • ARMSTRONG, D. M. The motor cortex and locomotion in the cat. In: Neurobiology of Vertebrate Locomotion, edited by S. Grillner, P. S. G. Stein, D. G. Stuart, H. Forssberg, and R. M. Herman. London: Macmillan, 1986, p. 121-137.
    • (1986) Neurobiology of Vertebrate Locomotion , pp. 121-137
    • Armstrong, D.M.1
  • 3
    • 0021287052 scopus 로고
    • Discharges of pyramidal tract and other motor cortical neurones during locomotion in the cat
    • ARMSTRONG, D. M. AND DREW, T. Discharges of pyramidal tract and other motor cortical neurones during locomotion in the cat. J. Physiol. Lond. 346: 471-495, 1984.
    • (1984) J. Physiol. Lond. , vol.346 , pp. 471-495
    • Armstrong, D.M.1    Drew, T.2
  • 5
    • 0027415043 scopus 로고
    • Noradrenergic agonists and locomotor training affect locomotor recovery after cord transection in adult cats
    • BARBEAU, H., CHAU, C., AND ROSSIGNOL, S. Noradrenergic agonists and locomotor training affect locomotor recovery after cord transection in adult cats. Brain Res. Bull. 30: 387-393, 1993.
    • (1993) Brain Res. Bull. , vol.30 , pp. 387-393
    • Barbeau, H.1    Chau, C.2    Rossignol, S.3
  • 6
    • 8944228519 scopus 로고
    • Locomotion chez le chat spinal adulte
    • BARBEAU, H., JULIEN, C., AND ROSSIGNOL, S. Locomotion chez le chat spinal adulte (Abstract). Union Med. Can. 114: 66, 1985.
    • (1985) Union Med. Can. , vol.114 , pp. 66
    • Barbeau, H.1    Julien, C.2    Rossignol, S.3
  • 7
    • 0023584563 scopus 로고
    • The effects of clonidine and yohimbine on locomotion and cutaneous reflexes in the adult chronic spinal cat
    • BARBEAU, H., JULIEN, C., AND ROSSIGNOL, S. The effects of clonidine and yohimbine on locomotion and cutaneous reflexes in the adult chronic spinal cat. Brain Res. 437: 83-96, 1987.
    • (1987) Brain Res. , vol.437 , pp. 83-96
    • Barbeau, H.1    Julien, C.2    Rossignol, S.3
  • 8
    • 0023240528 scopus 로고
    • Recovery of locomotion after chronic spinalization in the adult cat
    • BARBEAU, H. AND ROSSIGNOL, S. Recovery of locomotion after chronic spinalization in the adult cat. Brain Res. 412: 84-95, 1987.
    • (1987) Brain Res. , vol.412 , pp. 84-95
    • Barbeau, H.1    Rossignol, S.2
  • 9
    • 0025264485 scopus 로고
    • The effects of serotonergic drugs on the locomotor pattern and on cutaneous reflexes of the adult chronic spinal cat
    • BARBEAU, H. AND ROSSIGNOL, S. The effects of serotonergic drugs on the locomotor pattern and on cutaneous reflexes of the adult chronic spinal cat. Brain Res. 514: 55-67, 1990.
    • (1990) Brain Res. , vol.514 , pp. 55-67
    • Barbeau, H.1    Rossignol, S.2
  • 10
    • 2642700782 scopus 로고
    • Recovery of locomotion in cats after lesions of the ventral spinal cord
    • BRUSTEIN, E., PROVENCHER, J., LEBEL, F., AND ROSSIGNOL, S. Recovery of locomotion in cats after lesions of the ventral spinal cord. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 19: 147, 1993.
    • (1993) Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. , vol.19 , pp. 147
    • Brustein, E.1    Provencher, J.2    Lebel, F.3    Rossignol, S.4
  • 11
    • 0007233211 scopus 로고
    • Adjustments of the locomotor pattern in cats with a chronic lesion of the ventral spinal cord
    • BRUSTEIN, E., PROVENCHER, J., LEBEL, F., AND ROSSIGNOL, S. Adjustments of the locomotor pattern in cats with a chronic lesion of the ventral spinal cord. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 20: 573, 1994.
    • (1994) Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. , vol.20 , pp. 573
    • Brustein, E.1    Provencher, J.2    Lebel, F.3    Rossignol, S.4
  • 12
    • 0011784963 scopus 로고
    • The recovery of locomotion in adult cats subjected to bilateral lesions of the ventral and ventrolateral spinal quadrants
    • BRUSTEIN, E., LAVOIE, S., LEBEL, F., PROVENCHER, J., MCFADYEN, B. J., AND ROSSIGNOL, S. The recovery of locomotion in adult cats subjected to bilateral lesions of the ventral and ventrolateral spinal quadrants. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 21: 420, 1995.
    • (1995) Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. , vol.21 , pp. 420
    • Brustein, E.1    Lavoie, S.2    Lebel, F.3    Provencher, J.4    Mcfadyen, B.J.5    Rossignol, S.6
  • 14
    • 0022447393 scopus 로고
    • Soleus motor units in chronic spinal transected cats: Physiological and morphological alterations
    • COPE, T. C., BODINE, S. C., FOURNIER, M., AND EDGERTON, V. R. Soleus motor units in chronic spinal transected cats: physiological and morphological alterations. J. Neurophysiol. 55: 1202-1220, 1986.
    • (1986) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.55 , pp. 1202-1220
    • Cope, T.C.1    Bodine, S.C.2    Fournier, M.3    Edgerton, V.R.4
  • 15
    • 0025900809 scopus 로고
    • Coordination of motor pools controlling the ankle musculature in adult spinal cats during treadmill walking
    • DE GUZMAN, C. P., ROY, R. R., HODGSON, J. A., AND EDGERTON, V. R. Coordination of motor pools controlling the ankle musculature in adult spinal cats during treadmill walking. Brain Res. 555: 202-214, 1991.
    • (1991) Brain Res. , vol.555 , pp. 202-214
    • De Guzman, C.P.1    Roy, R.R.2    Hodgson, J.A.3    Edgerton, V.R.4
  • 17
    • 0025953388 scopus 로고
    • Functional organization within the medullary reticular formation of the intact unanesthetized cat. III. Microstimulation during locomotion
    • DREW, T. Functional organization within the medullary reticular formation of the intact unanesthetized cat. III. Microstimulation during locomotion. J. Neurophysiol. 66: 919-938, 1991.
    • (1991) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.66 , pp. 919-938
    • Drew, T.1
  • 18
    • 0027219240 scopus 로고
    • Motor cortical activity during voluntary gait modifications in the cat. I. Cells related to the forelimbs
    • DREW, T. Motor cortical activity during voluntary gait modifications in the cat. I. Cells related to the forelimbs. J. Neurophysiol. 70: 179-199, 1993.
    • (1993) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.70 , pp. 179-199
    • Drew, T.1
  • 19
    • 0021180668 scopus 로고
    • Phase-dependent responses evoked in limb muscles by stimulation of medullary reticular formation during locomotion in thalamic cats
    • DREW, T. AND ROSSIGNOL, S. Phase-dependent responses evoked in limb muscles by stimulation of medullary reticular formation during locomotion in thalamic cats. J. Neurophysiol. 52: 653-675, 1984.
    • (1984) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.52 , pp. 653-675
    • Drew, T.1    Rossignol, S.2
  • 20
    • 8944254292 scopus 로고
    • Studies on the medial reticular formation during locomotion in chronic cats using microstimulation and unit recording
    • edited by S. Grillner, P. S. G. Stein, D. G. Stuart, H. Forssberg, and R. M. Herman. London: Macmillan
    • DREW, T. AND ROSSIGNOL, S. Studies on the medial reticular formation during locomotion in chronic cats using microstimulation and unit recording. In: Neurobiology of Vertebrate Locomotion, edited by S. Grillner, P. S. G. Stein, D. G. Stuart, H. Forssberg, and R. M. Herman. London: Macmillan, 1986, p. 613-616.
    • (1986) Neurobiology of Vertebrate Locomotion , pp. 613-616
    • Drew, T.1    Rossignol, S.2
  • 21
    • 0023213325 scopus 로고
    • A kinematic and electromyographic study of cutaneous reflexes evoked from the forelimb of unrestrained walking cats
    • DREW, T. AND ROSSIGNOL, S. A kinematic and electromyographic study of cutaneous reflexes evoked from the forelimb of unrestrained walking cats. J. Neurophysiol. 57: 1160-1184, 1987.
    • (1987) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.57 , pp. 1160-1184
    • Drew, T.1    Rossignol, S.2
  • 22
    • 0025004327 scopus 로고
    • Functional organization within the medullary reticular formation of intact unanesthetized cat. II. Electromyographic activity evoked by microstimulation
    • DREW, T. AND ROSSIGNOL, S. Functional organization within the medullary reticular formation of intact unanesthetized cat. II. Electromyographic activity evoked by microstimulation. J. Neurophysiol. 64: 782-795, 1990a.
    • (1990) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.64 , pp. 782-795
    • Drew, T.1    Rossignol, S.2
  • 23
    • 0025025032 scopus 로고
    • Functional organization within the medullary reticular formation of intact unanesthetized cat. I. Movements evoked by microstimulation
    • DREW, T. AND ROSSIGNOL, S. Functional organization within the medullary reticular formation of intact unanesthetized cat. I. Movements evoked by microstimulation. J. Neurophysiol. 64: 767-781, 1990b.
    • (1990) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.64 , pp. 767-781
    • Drew, T.1    Rossignol, S.2
  • 24
    • 0001899397 scopus 로고
    • Effects of treadmill exercises on hindlimb muscles of the spinal cat
    • edited by C. C. Kao, R. P. Bunge, and P. J. Reier. New York: Raven
    • EDGERTON, V. R., JOHNSON, D. J., SMITH, L. A., MURPHY, K., ELDRED, A., AND SMITH, J. L. Effects of treadmill exercises on hindlimb muscles of the spinal cat. In: Spinal Cord Reconstruction, edited by C. C. Kao, R. P. Bunge, and P. J. Reier. New York: Raven, 1983, p. 435-444.
    • (1983) Spinal Cord Reconstruction , pp. 435-444
    • Edgerton, V.R.1    Johnson, D.J.2    Smith, L.A.3    Murphy, K.4    Eldred, A.5    Smith, J.L.6
  • 25
    • 0026552012 scopus 로고
    • Potential of adult mammalian lumbosacral spinal cord to execute and acquire improved locomotion in the absence of supraspinal input
    • EDGERTON, V. R., ROY, R. R., HODGSON, J. A., PROBER, R. J., DE GUZMAN, C. P., AND DE LEON, R. Potential of adult mammalian lumbosacral spinal cord to execute and acquire improved locomotion in the absence of supraspinal input. J. Neurotrauma 9, Suppl. 1: S119-S128, 1992.
    • (1992) J. Neurotrauma , vol.9 , Issue.1 SUPPL.
    • Edgerton, V.R.1    Roy, R.R.2    Hodgson, J.A.3    Prober, R.J.4    De Guzman, C.P.5    De Leon, R.6
  • 27
    • 0001852063 scopus 로고
    • Reflexes to foot muscles in the cat
    • ENGBERG, I. Reflexes to foot muscles in the cat. Acta Physiol. Scand. 62: 1-64, 1964.
    • (1964) Acta Physiol. Scand. , vol.62 , pp. 1-64
    • Engberg, I.1
  • 28
    • 8944241827 scopus 로고
    • An electromyographic analysis of stepping in the cat
    • ENGBERG, I. AND LUNDBERG, A. An electromyographic analysis of stepping in the cat. Experientia XVIII: 174-176, 1962.
    • (1962) Experientia , vol.18 , pp. 174-176
    • Engberg, I.1    Lundberg, A.2
  • 29
    • 0014496178 scopus 로고
    • An electromyographic analysis of muscular activity in the hindlimb of the cat during unrestrained locomotion
    • ENGBERG, I. AND LUNDBERG, A. An electromyographic analysis of muscular activity in the hindlimb of the cat during unrestrained locomotion. Acta Physiol. Scand. 75: 614-630, 1969.
    • (1969) Acta Physiol. Scand. , vol.75 , pp. 614-630
    • Engberg, I.1    Lundberg, A.2
  • 30
    • 0018968917 scopus 로고
    • Interlimb coordination during stepping in the cat: Effects of dorsal column section
    • ENGLISH, A. W. Interlimb coordination during stepping in the cat: effects of dorsal column section. J. Neurophysiol. 44: 270-279, 1980.
    • (1980) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.44 , pp. 270-279
    • English, A.W.1
  • 31
    • 0018588838 scopus 로고
    • On integrative motor functions in the cat's spinal cord
    • FORSSBERG, H. On integrative motor functions in the cat's spinal cord. Acta Physiol. Scand. Suppl. 474: 1-56, 1979.
    • (1979) Acta Physiol. Scand. Suppl. , vol.474 , pp. 1-56
    • Forssberg, H.1
  • 32
    • 0015922677 scopus 로고
    • The locomotion of the acute spinal cat injected with clonidine i.v
    • FORSSBERG, H. AND GRILLNER, S. The locomotion of the acute spinal cat injected with clonidine i.v. Brain Res. 50: 184-186, 1973.
    • (1973) Brain Res. , vol.50 , pp. 184-186
    • Forssberg, H.1    Grillner, S.2
  • 33
    • 0018865214 scopus 로고
    • The locomotion of the low spinal cat. I. Coordination within a hindlimb
    • FORSSBERG, H., GRILLNER, S., AND HALBERTSMA, J. The locomotion of the low spinal cat. I. Coordination within a hindlimb. Acta Physiol. Scand. 108: 269-281, 1980a.
    • (1980) Acta Physiol. Scand. , vol.108 , pp. 269-281
    • Forssberg, H.1    Grillner, S.2    Halbertsma, J.3
  • 37
    • 8944259497 scopus 로고
    • Return of function after complete transection of the spinal cord of the rat, cat and dog
    • FREEMAN, L. W. Return of function after complete transection of the spinal cord of the rat, cat and dog. Ann. Surg. 136: 193-205, 1952.
    • (1952) Ann. Surg. , vol.136 , pp. 193-205
    • Freeman, L.W.1
  • 38
    • 0010515368 scopus 로고
    • Reflexbewegungen beim Hunde
    • FREUSBERG, A. Reflexbewegungen beim Hunde. Pfluegers Arch. 9: 358-391, 1874.
    • (1874) Pfluegers Arch. , vol.9 , pp. 358-391
    • Freusberg, A.1
  • 39
    • 3042538363 scopus 로고
    • Return of weight supported locomotion in adult spinal cats
    • GIULIANI, C. A., CARTER, M. C., AND SMITH, J. L. Return of weight supported locomotion in adult spinal cats. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 10: 632, 1984.
    • (1984) Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. , vol.10 , pp. 632
    • Giuliani, C.A.1    Carter, M.C.2    Smith, J.L.3
  • 40
    • 0017348880 scopus 로고
    • Locomotor recovery after unilateral hindlimb deafferentation in cats
    • GOLDBERGER, M. E. Locomotor recovery after unilateral hindlimb deafferentation in cats. Brain Res. 123: 59-74, 1977.
    • (1977) Brain Res. , vol.123 , pp. 59-74
    • Goldberger, M.E.1
  • 41
    • 0016282197 scopus 로고
    • Restitution of function and collateral sprouting in the cat spinal cord: The deafferented animal
    • GOLDBERGER, M. E. AND MURRAY, M. Restitution of function and collateral sprouting in the cat spinal cord: the deafferented animal. J. Comp. Neurol. 158: 37-54, 1974.
    • (1974) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.158 , pp. 37-54
    • Goldberger, M.E.1    Murray, M.2
  • 42
    • 0011343335 scopus 로고
    • Recovery of movement and axonal sprouting may obey some of the same laws
    • edited by C. W. Cotman. New York: Raven
    • GOLDBERGER, M. E. AND MURRAY, M. Recovery of movement and axonal sprouting may obey some of the same laws. In: Neural plasticity, edited by C. W. Cotman. New York: Raven, 1978, p. 73-96.
    • (1978) Neural Plasticity , pp. 73-96
    • Goldberger, M.E.1    Murray, M.2
  • 43
    • 0015899208 scopus 로고
    • The cat step cycle: Hind limb joint angles and muscle lengths during unrestrained locomotion
    • GOSLOW, G. E. J., REINKING, R. M., AND STUART, D. G. The cat step cycle: hind limb joint angles and muscle lengths during unrestrained locomotion. J. Morphol 141: 1-42, 1973.
    • (1973) J. Morphol , vol.141 , pp. 1-42
    • Goslow, G.E.J.1    Reinking, R.M.2    Stuart, D.G.3
  • 44
    • 0028344932 scopus 로고
    • Transmission in a locomotor-related group Ib pathway from hindlimb extensor muscles in the cat
    • GOSSARD, J. P., BROWNSTONE, R. M., BARAJON, I., AND HULTBORN, H. Transmission in a locomotor-related group Ib pathway from hindlimb extensor muscles in the cat. Exp. Brain Res. 98: 213-228, 1994.
    • (1994) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.98 , pp. 213-228
    • Gossard, J.P.1    Brownstone, R.M.2    Barajon, I.3    Hultborn, H.4
  • 45
    • 0001338336 scopus 로고
    • Locomotion in the spinal cat
    • edited by R. B. Stein, K. G. Pearson, R. S. Smith, and J. B. Redford. New York: Plenum
    • GRILLNER, S. Locomotion in the spinal cat. In: Control of Posture and Locomotion, edited by R. B. Stein, K. G. Pearson, R. S. Smith, and J. B. Redford. New York: Plenum, 1973, p. 515-535.
    • (1973) Control of Posture and Locomotion , pp. 515-535
    • Grillner, S.1
  • 46
    • 0000423735 scopus 로고
    • Control of locomotion in bipeds, tetrapods and fish
    • Bethesda, MD: Am. Physiol. Soc., sect. 1
    • GRILLNER, S. Control of locomotion in bipeds, tetrapods and fish. In: Handbook of Physiology. The Nervous System. Motor Control. Bethesda, MD: Am. Physiol. Soc., 1981, sect. 1, vol. II, part 2. p. 1179-1236.
    • (1981) Handbook of Physiology. The Nervous System. Motor Control , vol.2 , Issue.2 PART , pp. 1179-1236
    • Grillner, S.1
  • 47
    • 0017843794 scopus 로고
    • On the initiation of the swing phase of locomotion in chronic spinal cats
    • GRILLNER, S. AND ROSSIGNOL, S. On the initiation of the swing phase of locomotion in chronic spinal cats. Brain Res. 146: 269-277, 1978a.
    • (1978) Brain Res. , vol.146 , pp. 269-277
    • Grillner, S.1    Rossignol, S.2
  • 48
    • 0018147495 scopus 로고
    • Contralateral reflex reversal controlled by limb position in the acute spinal cat injected with clonidine i.v
    • GRILLNER, S. AND ROSSIGNOL, S. Contralateral reflex reversal controlled by limb position in the acute spinal cat injected with clonidine i.v. Brain Res. 144: 411-414, 1978b.
    • (1978) Brain Res. , vol.144 , pp. 411-414
    • Grillner, S.1    Rossignol, S.2
  • 49
    • 0018320226 scopus 로고
    • On the central generation of locomotion in the low spinal cat
    • GRILLNER, S. AND ZANGGER, P. On the central generation of locomotion in the low spinal cat. Exp. Brain Res. 34: 241-261, 1979.
    • (1979) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.34 , pp. 241-261
    • Grillner, S.1    Zangger, P.2
  • 50
    • 0021000211 scopus 로고
    • The stride cycle of the cat: The modelling of locomotion by computerized analysis of automatic recordings
    • HALBERTSMA, J. M. The stride cycle of the cat: the modelling of locomotion by computerized analysis of automatic recordings. Acta Physiol. Scand. Suppl. 521: 1-75, 1983.
    • (1983) Acta Physiol. Scand. Suppl. , vol.521 , pp. 1-75
    • Halbertsma, J.M.1
  • 52
    • 0002805972 scopus 로고
    • Unitary activity patterns during locomotion confirm the existence of two functionally distinct classes of sartorius motoneurones in cats
    • HOFFER, J. A., LOEB, G. E., O'DONOVAN, M. J., AND PRATT, C. A. Unitary activity patterns during locomotion confirm the existence of two functionally distinct classes of sartorius motoneurones in cats (Abstract). J. Physiol. Lond. 308: 20P-21P, 1980.
    • (1980) J. Physiol. Lond. , vol.308
    • Hoffer, J.A.1    Loeb, G.E.2    O'Donovan, M.J.3    Pratt, C.A.4
  • 53
    • 0023118213 scopus 로고
    • Cat hindlimb motoneurons during locomotion. III. Functional segregation in sartorius
    • HOFFER, J. A., LOEB, G. E., SUGANO, N., MARKS, W. B., O'DONOVAN, M. J., AND PRATT, C. A. Cat hindlimb motoneurons during locomotion. III. Functional segregation in sartorius. J. Neurophysiol. 57: 554-562, 1987.
    • (1987) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.57 , pp. 554-562
    • Hoffer, J.A.1    Loeb, G.E.2    Sugano, N.3    Marks, W.B.4    O'Donovan, M.J.5    Pratt, C.A.6
  • 54
    • 0025182169 scopus 로고
    • Enzymatic plasticity of medial gastrocnemius fibers in the adult chronic spinal cat
    • Cell Phvsiol. 28
    • JIANG, B., ROY, R. R., AND EDGERTON, V. R. Enzymatic plasticity of medial gastrocnemius fibers in the adult chronic spinal cat. Am. J. Physiol. 259 (Cell Phvsiol. 28): C507-C514, 1990a.
    • (1990) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.259
    • Jiang, B.1    Roy, R.R.2    Edgerton, V.R.3
  • 55
    • 0025184075 scopus 로고
    • Expression of a fast fiber enzyme profile in the cat soleus after spinalization
    • JIANG, B., ROY, R. R., AND EDGERTON, V. R. Expression of a fast fiber enzyme profile in the cat soleus after spinalization. Muscle Nerve 13: 1037-1049, 1990b.
    • (1990) Muscle Nerve , vol.13 , pp. 1037-1049
    • Jiang, B.1    Roy, R.R.2    Edgerton, V.R.3
  • 56
    • 85046113017 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of bilateral lesions of the dorsolateral funiculi and dorsal columns at the level of the low thoracic spinal cord on the control of locomotion in the adult cat. I. Treadmill walking
    • In press
    • JIANG, W., AND DREW, T. Effects of bilateral lesions of the dorsolateral funiculi and dorsal columns at the level of the low thoracic spinal cord on the control of locomotion in the adult cat. I. Treadmill walking. J. Neurophysiol. In press.
    • J. Neurophysiol.
    • Jiang, W.1    Drew, T.2
  • 57
    • 2642626436 scopus 로고
    • On the behavior of the lumbo-spinal dog
    • KELLOGG, W. N., DEESE, J., AND PRONKO, N. H. On the behavior of the lumbo-spinal dog. J. Exp. Psychol. 36: 503-511, 1946.
    • (1946) J. Exp. Psychol. , vol.36 , pp. 503-511
    • Kellogg, W.N.1    Deese, J.2    Pronko, N.H.3
  • 59
    • 0022922688 scopus 로고
    • Skeletal muscle adaptability. II. Muscle properties following spinal-cord injury
    • LEIBER, R. L. Skeletal muscle adaptability. II. Muscle properties following spinal-cord injury. Dev. Med. Child Neurol. 28: 533-542, 1986.
    • (1986) Dev. Med. Child Neurol. , vol.28 , pp. 533-542
    • Leiber, R.L.1
  • 60
    • 0022569024 scopus 로고
    • Effects of training on the recovery of full-weight-bearing stepping in the adult spinal cat
    • LOVELY, R. G., GREGOR, R. J., ROY, R. R., AND EDGERTON, V. R. Effects of training on the recovery of full-weight-bearing stepping in the adult spinal cat. Exp. Neurol. 92: 421-435, 1986.
    • (1986) Exp. Neurol. , vol.92 , pp. 421-435
    • Lovely, R.G.1    Gregor, R.J.2    Roy, R.R.3    Edgerton, V.R.4
  • 61
    • 0025332610 scopus 로고
    • Weight-bearing hindlimb stepping in treadmill-exercised adult spinal cats
    • LOVELY, R. G., GREGOR, R. J., ROY, R. R., AND EDGERTON, V. R. Weight-bearing hindlimb stepping in treadmill-exercised adult spinal cats. Brain Res. 514: 206-218, 1990.
    • (1990) Brain Res. , vol.514 , pp. 206-218
    • Lovely, R.G.1    Gregor, R.J.2    Roy, R.R.3    Edgerton, V.R.4
  • 62
    • 0011062515 scopus 로고
    • Corticofugal pathways for mastication, lapping and other motor functions in the cat
    • MAGOUN, H. W., RANSON, S. W., AND FISHER, C. Corticofugal pathways for mastication, lapping and other motor functions in the cat. Arch. Neurol. Psychiatry 30: 292-308, 1933.
    • (1933) Arch. Neurol. Psychiatry , vol.30 , pp. 292-308
    • Magoun, H.W.1    Ranson, S.W.2    Fisher, C.3
  • 63
    • 0016593636 scopus 로고
    • Coordination of movements of the hindlimbs and forelimbs in different forms of locomotion in normal and decerebrate cats
    • MILLER, S., VAN DER BURG, J., AND VAN DER MECHE, F. G. A. Coordination of movements of the hindlimbs and forelimbs in different forms of locomotion in normal and decerebrate cats. Brain Res. 91: 217-237, 1975.
    • (1975) Brain Res. , vol.91 , pp. 217-237
    • Miller, S.1    Van Der Burg, J.2    Van Der Meche, F.G.A.3
  • 64
    • 0023247942 scopus 로고
    • Integration of posture and locomotion in acute decerebrate cats and in awake, freely moving cats
    • MORI, S. Integration of posture and locomotion in acute decerebrate cats and in awake, freely moving cats. Prog. Neurobiol. 28: 161-195, 1987.
    • (1987) Prog. Neurobiol. , vol.28 , pp. 161-195
    • Mori, S.1
  • 65
    • 0024950251 scopus 로고
    • Contribution of postural muscle tone to full expression of posture and locomotor movements: Multi-faceted analyses of its setting brain-stem-spinal cord mechanisms in the cat
    • MORI, S. Contribution of postural muscle tone to full expression of posture and locomotor movements: multi-faceted analyses of its setting brain-stem-spinal cord mechanisms in the cat (Review). Jpn. J. Physiol. 39: 785-809, 1989.
    • (1989) Jpn. J. Physiol. , vol.39 , pp. 785-809
    • Mori, S.1
  • 66
    • 0010732073 scopus 로고
    • Axonal sprouting in response to dorsal rhizotomy
    • edited by C. C. Kao, R. P. Bunge, and P. J. Reier. New York: Raven
    • MURRAY, M. Axonal sprouting in response to dorsal rhizotomy. In: Spinal Cord Reconstruction, edited by C. C. Kao, R. P. Bunge, and P. J. Reier. New York: Raven, 1983, p. 445-453.
    • (1983) Spinal Cord Reconstruction , pp. 445-453
    • Murray, M.1
  • 67
    • 0004201573 scopus 로고
    • Quantitative electron microscopic correlates if sprouting in the adult cat spinal cord
    • edited by M. E. Goldberger, A. Gorio, and M. Murray. Padova, Italy: Liviana
    • MURRAY, M., BATTISTI, W. P., AND GOLDBERGER, M. E. Quantitative electron microscopic correlates if sprouting in the adult cat spinal cord. In: Development and Plasticity of the Mammalian Spinal Cord. Fidia Research Series, edited by M. E. Goldberger, A. Gorio, and M. Murray. Padova, Italy: Liviana, 1986, vol. III, p. 163-177.
    • (1986) Development and Plasticity of the Mammalian Spinal Cord. Fidia Research Series , vol.3 , pp. 163-177
    • Murray, M.1    Battisti, W.P.2    Goldberger, M.E.3
  • 68
    • 8244258453 scopus 로고
    • Locomotive movements of hind limbs in adult spinal dogs
    • NAITO, A. Locomotive movements of hind limbs in adult spinal dogs. Shinshu Med. J. 35: 20-32, 1987.
    • (1987) Shinshu Med. J. , vol.35 , pp. 20-32
    • Naito, A.1
  • 69
    • 0016140162 scopus 로고
    • Functional regeneration of 5-hydroxytryptamine nerve terminals in the rat spinal cold following 5,6-dihydroxytryptamine induced degeneration
    • NYGREN, L.-G., FUXE, K., JONSSON, G., AND OLSON, L. Functional regeneration of 5-hydroxytryptamine nerve terminals in the rat spinal cold following 5,6-dihydroxytryptamine induced degeneration. Brain Res. 78: 377-394, 1974.
    • (1974) Brain Res. , vol.78 , pp. 377-394
    • Nygren, L.-G.1    Fuxe, K.2    Jonsson, G.3    Olson, L.4
  • 70
    • 0017125275 scopus 로고
    • On spinal noradrenaline receptor supersensitivity: Correlation between nerve terminal density and flexor reflexes various times after intracisternal 6-hydroxydopamine
    • NYGREN, L.-G. AND OLSON, L. On spinal noradrenaline receptor supersensitivity: correlation between nerve terminal density and flexor reflexes various times after intracisternal 6-hydroxydopamine. Brain Res. 116: 455-470, 1976.
    • (1976) Brain Res. , vol.116 , pp. 455-470
    • Nygren, L.-G.1    Olson, L.2
  • 71
    • 0019993627 scopus 로고
    • Actions of FDL and FHL muscles in intact cats: Functional dissociation between anatomical synergists
    • O'DONOVAN, M. J., PINTER, M. J., DUM, R. P., AND BURKE, R. E. Actions of FDL and FHL muscles in intact cats: functional dissociation between anatomical synergists. J. Neurophysiol. 47: 1126-1143, 1982.
    • (1982) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.47 , pp. 1126-1143
    • O'Donovan, M.J.1    Pinter, M.J.2    Dum, R.P.3    Burke, R.E.4
  • 72
    • 0015524887 scopus 로고
    • The effect of different descending systems on flexor and extensor activity during locomotion
    • ORLOVSKY, G. N. The effect of different descending systems on flexor and extensor activity during locomotion. Brain Res. 40: 359-371, 1972a.
    • (1972) Brain Res. , vol.40 , pp. 359-371
    • Orlovsky, G.N.1
  • 73
    • 0015505130 scopus 로고
    • Activity of vestibulospinal neurons during locomotion
    • ORLOVSKY, G. N. Activity of vestibulospinal neurons during locomotion. Brain Res. 46: 85-98, 1972b.
    • (1972) Brain Res. , vol.46 , pp. 85-98
    • Orlovsky, G.N.1
  • 74
    • 0015505140 scopus 로고
    • Activity of rubrospinal neurons during locomotion
    • ORLOVSKY, G. N. Activity of rubrospinal neurons during locomotion. Brain Res. 46: 99-112, 1972c.
    • (1972) Brain Res. , vol.46 , pp. 99-112
    • Orlovsky, G.N.1
  • 75
    • 0027442245 scopus 로고
    • Reversal of the influence of group Ib afferents from plantaris on activity in medial gastrocnemius muscle during locomotor activity
    • PEARSON, K. G. AND COLLINS, D. F. Reversal of the influence of group Ib afferents from plantaris on activity in medial gastrocnemius muscle during locomotor activity. J. Neurophysiol. 70: 1009-1017, 1993.
    • (1993) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.70 , pp. 1009-1017
    • Pearson, K.G.1    Collins, D.F.2
  • 76
    • 0001106809 scopus 로고
    • Function of segmental reflexes in the control of stepping in cockroaches and cats
    • edited by R. M. Herman, S. Grillner, P. S. G. Stein, and D. G. Stuart. New York: Plenum
    • PEARSON, K. G. AND DUYSENS, J. Function of segmental reflexes in the control of stepping in cockroaches and cats. In: Neural Control of Locomotion, edited by R. M. Herman, S. Grillner, P. S. G. Stein, and D. G. Stuart. New York: Plenum, 1976, p. 519-537.
    • (1976) Neural Control of Locomotion , pp. 519-537
    • Pearson, K.G.1    Duysens, J.2
  • 77
    • 0026353375 scopus 로고
    • Fictive motor patterns in chronic spinal cats
    • PEARSON, K. G. AND ROSSIGNOL, S. Fictive motor patterns in chronic spinal cats. J. Neurophysiol. 66: 1874-1887, 1991.
    • (1991) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.66 , pp. 1874-1887
    • Pearson, K.G.1    Rossignol, S.2
  • 78
    • 0027957588 scopus 로고
    • Microstimulation of the medullary reticular formation during fictive locomotion
    • PERREAULT, M. C., ROSSIGNOL, S., AND DREW, T. Microstimulation of the medullary reticular formation during fictive locomotion. J. Neurophysiol. 71: 229-245, 1994.
    • (1994) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.71 , pp. 229-245
    • Perreault, M.C.1    Rossignol, S.2    Drew, T.3
  • 79
    • 0001785562 scopus 로고
    • L'autonomie et la centralisation dans le système nerveux des animaux
    • PHILIPPSON, M. L'autonomie et la centralisation dans le système nerveux des animaux. Trav. Lab. Physiol. Inst. Solvay (Bruxelles) 7: 1-208, 1905.
    • (1905) Trav. Lab. Physiol. Inst. Solvay (Bruxelles) , vol.7 , pp. 1-208
    • Philippson, M.1
  • 80
    • 0017824065 scopus 로고
    • The cat step cycle: Electromyographic patterns for hindlimb muscles during posture and unrestrained locomotion
    • RASMUSSEN, S., CHAN, A. K., AND GOSLOW, G. E. The cat step cycle: electromyographic patterns for hindlimb muscles during posture and unrestrained locomotion. J. Morphol. 155: 253-270, 1978.
    • (1978) J. Morphol. , vol.155 , pp. 253-270
    • Rasmussen, S.1    Chan, A.K.2    Goslow, G.E.3
  • 81
    • 0022608525 scopus 로고
    • The development and recovery of motor function in spinal cats. I. The infant lesion effect
    • ROBINSON, G. A. AND GOLDBERGER, M. E. The development and recovery of motor function in spinal cats. I. The infant lesion effect. Exp. Brain Res. 62: 373-386, 1986a.
    • (1986) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.62 , pp. 373-386
    • Robinson, G.A.1    Goldberger, M.E.2
  • 82
    • 0022572704 scopus 로고
    • The development and recovery of motor function in spinal cats. II. Pharmacological enhancement of recovery
    • ROBINSON, G. A. AND GOLDBERGER, M. E. The development and recovery of motor function in spinal cats. II. Pharmacological enhancement of recovery. Exp. Brain Res. 62: 387-400, 1986b.
    • (1986) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.62 , pp. 387-400
    • Robinson, G.A.1    Goldberger, M.E.2
  • 85
    • 0344536069 scopus 로고
    • Interactions of segmental and suprasegmental inputs with the spinal pattern generator of locomotion
    • edited by W. J. P. Barnes and M. H. Gladden. London: Croom Helm
    • ROSSIGNOL, S. AND DREW, T. Interactions of segmental and suprasegmental inputs with the spinal pattern generator of locomotion. In: Feedback and Motor Control in Invertebrates and Vertebrates, edited by W. J. P. Barnes and M. H. Gladden. London: Croom Helm, 1985, p. 355-377.
    • (1985) Feedback and Motor Control in Invertebrates and Vertebrates , pp. 355-377
    • Rossignol, S.1    Drew, T.2
  • 86
    • 0002428556 scopus 로고
    • The role of sensory inputs in regulating patterns of rhythmical movements in higher vertebrates. A comparison between locomotion, respiration and mastication
    • edited by A. Cohen, S. Rossignol, and S. Grillner. New York: Wiley
    • ROSSIGNOL, S.. LUND, J. P., AND DREW, T. The role of sensory inputs in regulating patterns of rhythmical movements in higher vertebrates. A comparison between locomotion, respiration and mastication. In: Neural Control of Rhythmic Movements in Vertebrates, edited by A. Cohen, S. Rossignol, and S. Grillner. New York: Wiley, 1988, p. 201-283.
    • (1988) Neural Control of Rhythmic Movements in Vertebrates , pp. 201-283
    • Rossignol, S.1    Lund, J.P.2    Drew, T.3
  • 87
    • 0018805529 scopus 로고
    • Effects of stimulating Deiter's nucleus and medial longitudinal fasciculus on the timing of the fictive locomotor rhythm induced in cats by DOPA
    • RUSSELL, D. F. AND ZAJAC, F. E. Effects of stimulating Deiter's nucleus and medial longitudinal fasciculus on the timing of the fictive locomotor rhythm induced in cats by DOPA. Brain Res. 17: 588-592, 1979.
    • (1979) Brain Res. , vol.17 , pp. 588-592
    • Russell, D.F.1    Zajac, F.E.2
  • 89
    • 0002027465 scopus 로고
    • Flexion-reflex of the limb, crossed extension-reflex, and reflex stepping and standing
    • SHERRINGTON, C. S. Flexion-reflex of the limb, crossed extension-reflex, and reflex stepping and standing. J. Physiol. Lond. 40: 28-121, 1910.
    • (1910) J. Physiol. Lond. , vol.40 , pp. 28-121
    • Sherrington, C.S.1
  • 90
    • 0014353030 scopus 로고
    • The influence of chronic cord transection on the effects of 5-hydroxytryptophan, L-tryptophan and pargyline on spinal neuronal activity
    • SHIBUYA, T. AND ANDERSON, E. G. The influence of chronic cord transection on the effects of 5-hydroxytryptophan, L-tryptophan and pargyline on spinal neuronal activity. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 164: 185-190, 1968.
    • (1968) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. , vol.164 , pp. 185-190
    • Shibuya, T.1    Anderson, E.G.2
  • 91
    • 0345061815 scopus 로고
    • Walking in spinal kittens and puppies
    • edited by W. F. Windle. Springfield, IL: Thomas
    • SHURRAGER, P. S. Walking in spinal kittens and puppies. In: Regeneration in the Centrai Nervous System, edited by W. F. Windle. Springfield, IL: Thomas, 1955, p. 208-218.
    • (1955) Regeneration in the Centrai Nervous System , pp. 208-218
    • Shurrager, P.S.1
  • 93
    • 0020068388 scopus 로고
    • Locomotion in exercised and non-exercised cats cordotomized at two or twelve weeks of age
    • SMITH, J. L., SMITH, L. A., ZERNICKE, R. F., AND HOY, M. Locomotion in exercised and non-exercised cats cordotomized at two or twelve weeks of age. Exp. Neurol. 76: 393-413, 1982.
    • (1982) Exp. Neurol. , vol.76 , pp. 393-413
    • Smith, J.L.1    Smith, L.A.2    Zernicke, R.F.3    Hoy, M.4
  • 94
    • 0001265929 scopus 로고
    • Rhythmical movements of the hindlimbs in spinal cat: Considerations for a controlling network
    • edited by M. E. Goldberger, A. Gorio, and M. Murray. Padova, Italy: Liviana
    • SMITH, J. L., BRADLEY, N. S., CARTER, M. C., GIULIANI, C. A., HOY, G., KOSHLAND, G. F., AND ZERNICKE, R. F. Rhythmical movements of the hindlimbs in spinal cat: considerations for a controlling network. In: Development and Plasticity of the Mammalian Spinal Cord, edited by M. E. Goldberger, A. Gorio, and M. Murray. Padova, Italy: Liviana, 1986, p. 347-362.
    • (1986) Development and Plasticity of the Mammalian Spinal Cord , pp. 347-362
    • Smith, J.L.1    Bradley, N.S.2    Carter, M.C.3    Giuliani, C.A.4    Hoy, G.5    Koshland, G.F.6    Zernicke, R.F.7
  • 95
    • 0010435954 scopus 로고
    • Quelques observations sur la locomotion des chiens dont la moelle épinière est sectionnée transversalement
    • TEN CATE, J. Quelques observations sur la locomotion des chiens dont la moelle épinière est sectionnée transversalement. Arch. Neerl. Physiol. 24: 476-485, 1939.
    • (1939) Arch. Neerl. Physiol. , vol.24 , pp. 476-485
    • Ten Cate, J.1
  • 96
    • 0010438604 scopus 로고
    • Innervation of locomotor movements by the lumbosacral cord in birds and mammals
    • TEN CATE, J. Innervation of locomotor movements by the lumbosacral cord in birds and mammals. J. Exp. Biol. 39: 239-242, 1962.
    • (1962) J. Exp. Biol. , vol.39 , pp. 239-242
    • Ten Cate, J.1
  • 97
    • 0015675524 scopus 로고
    • Electromyographic and joint-mechanical studies in quadrupedal locomotion. I. Walk
    • TOKURIKI, M. Electromyographic and joint-mechanical studies in quadrupedal locomotion. I. Walk. Jpn. J. Vet. Sci. 35: 433-446, 1973.
    • (1973) Jpn. J. Vet. Sci. , vol.35 , pp. 433-446
    • Tokuriki, M.1
  • 98
    • 0019817734 scopus 로고
    • Independently controlled EMG responses in treadmill locomotion by cats
    • WETZEL, M. C. Independently controlled EMG responses in treadmill locomotion by cats. Am. J. Phys. Med. 60: 292-310, 1981.
    • (1981) Am. J. Phys. Med. , vol.60 , pp. 292-310
    • Wetzel, M.C.1
  • 99
    • 8044238411 scopus 로고
    • Movements of the hindlimb during locomotion of the cat
    • edited by R. Herman, S. Grillner, P. Stein, and D. G. Stuart. New York: Plenum
    • WETZEL, M. C., ATWATER, A. E., AND STUART, D. G. Movements of the hindlimb during locomotion of the cat. In: Neural Control of Locomotion, edited by R. Herman, S. Grillner, P. Stein, and D. G. Stuart. New York: Plenum, 1976, p. 99-135.
    • (1976) Neural Control of Locomotion , pp. 99-135
    • Wetzel, M.C.1    Atwater, A.E.2    Stuart, D.G.3
  • 100
    • 0021644442 scopus 로고
    • A technique for estimating mechanical work of individual muscles in the cat during treadmill locomotion
    • WHITING, W. C., GREGOR, R. J., ROY, R. R., AND EDGERTON, V. R. A technique for estimating mechanical work of individual muscles in the cat during treadmill locomotion. J. Biomech. 17: 685-694, 1984.
    • (1984) J. Biomech. , vol.17 , pp. 685-694
    • Whiting, W.C.1    Gregor, R.J.2    Roy, R.R.3    Edgerton, V.R.4
  • 101
    • 0028096976 scopus 로고
    • Motor cortical activity during voluntary gait modifications in the cat. II. Cells related to the hindlimbs
    • WIDAJEWICZ, W., KABLY, B., AND DREW, T. Motor cortical activity during voluntary gait modifications in the cat. II. Cells related to the hindlimbs. J. Neurophysiol. 72: 2070-2089, 1994.
    • (1994) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.72 , pp. 2070-2089
    • Widajewicz, W.1    Kably, B.2    Drew, T.3
  • 102
    • 0027380714 scopus 로고
    • The distal hindlimb musculature of the cat: Multiaxis moment arms at the ankle joint
    • YOUNG, R. P., SCOTT, S. H., AND LOEB, G. E. The distal hindlimb musculature of the cat: multiaxis moment arms at the ankle joint. Exp. Brain Res. 96: 141-151, 1993.
    • (1993) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.96 , pp. 141-151
    • Young, R.P.1    Scott, S.H.2    Loeb, G.E.3
  • 103
    • 0021324574 scopus 로고
    • Electromyographic study of lumbar back muscles during locomotion in acute high decerebrate and in low spinal cats
    • ZOMLEFER, M. R., PROVENCHER, J., BLANCHETTE, G., AND ROSSIGNOL, S. Electromyographic study of lumbar back muscles during locomotion in acute high decerebrate and in low spinal cats. Brain Res. 290: 249-260, 1984.
    • (1984) Brain Res. , vol.290 , pp. 249-260
    • Zomlefer, M.R.1    Provencher, J.2    Blanchette, G.3    Rossignol, S.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.