메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 50, Issue 5, 2001, Pages 689-699

Character analysis in morphological phylogenetics: Problems and solutions

Author keywords

Character coding; Morphology; Phylogenetics; Quantitative characters; Weighting

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL; ARTICLE; AUDIOVISUAL EQUIPMENT; BIOLOGICAL MODEL; BIOMETRY; GENETICS; HISTOLOGY; LIZARD; PHYLOGENY; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT;

EID: 0035527365     PISSN: 10635157     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/106351501753328811     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (268)

References (52)
  • 1
    • 0001553779 scopus 로고
    • Methods for coding variable morphological features for numerical taxonomic analysis
    • ARCHIE, J. W. 1985. Methods for coding variable morphological features for numerical taxonomic analysis. Syst. Zool. 34:326-345.
    • (1985) Syst. Zool. , vol.34 , pp. 326-345
    • Archie, J.W.1
  • 2
    • 0031084426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Searching for phylogenetic trees under the frequency parsimony criterion: An approximation using generalized parsimony
    • BERLOCHER, S. H., AND D. L. SWOFFORD. 1997. Searching for phylogenetic trees under the frequency parsimony criterion: An approximation using generalized parsimony. Syst. Biol. 46:211-215.
    • (1997) Syst. Biol. , vol.46 , pp. 211-215
    • Berlocher, S.H.1    Swofford, D.L.2
  • 3
    • 0000109129 scopus 로고
    • Heterochrony in jaw morphology of needle-fishes (Teleostei: Belonidae)
    • BOUGHTON, D. A., B. B. COLETTE, AND A. R. MCCUNE. 1991. Heterochrony in jaw morphology of needle-fishes (Teleostei: Belonidae). Syst. Zool. 40:329-354.
    • (1991) Syst. Zool. , vol.40 , pp. 329-354
    • Boughton, D.A.1    Colette, B.B.2    Mccune, A.R.3
  • 4
    • 0001822040 scopus 로고
    • Anguid lizards of the genus Abronia: Revisionary notes, descriptions of four new species, phylogenetic analysis, and key
    • CAMPBELL, J. A., AND D. R. FROST. 1993. Anguid lizards of the genus Abronia: Revisionary notes, descriptions of four new species, phylogenetic analysis, and key. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 216:1-121.
    • (1993) Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. , vol.216 , pp. 1-121
    • Campbell, J.A.1    Frost, D.R.2
  • 5
    • 0024874824 scopus 로고
    • Quantitative characters in phylogenetic analysis
    • CHAPPILL, J. A. 1989. Quantitative characters in phylogenetic analysis. Cladistics 5:217-234.
    • (1989) Cladistics , vol.5 , pp. 217-234
    • Chappill, J.A.1
  • 6
    • 0001838717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A phylogeny of the gulls (Aves: Larinae) inferred from osteological and integumentary characters
    • CHU, P. C. 1998. A phylogeny of the gulls (Aves: Larinae) inferred from osteological and integumentary characters. Cladistics 14:1-43.
    • (1998) Cladistics , vol.14 , pp. 1-43
    • Chu, P.C.1
  • 7
    • 84959758123 scopus 로고
    • Congruence between morphometric and allozyme data for Menidia species: A reappraisal
    • COLLESS, D. H. 1980. Congruence between morphometric and allozyme data for Menidia species: A reappraisal. Syst. Zool. 29:288-299.
    • (1980) Syst. Zool. , vol.29 , pp. 288-299
    • Colless, D.H.1
  • 9
    • 84989486006 scopus 로고
    • Phenetics in camouflage
    • FARRIS, J. S. 1990. Phenetics in camouflage. Cladistics 6:91-100.
    • (1990) Cladistics , vol.6 , pp. 91-100
    • Farris, J.S.1
  • 10
    • 0001708655 scopus 로고
    • Evolutionary trees from gene frequencies and quantitative characters: Finding maximum likelihood estimates
    • FELSENSTEIN, J. 1981. Evolutionary trees from gene frequencies and quantitative characters: Finding maximum likelihood estimates. Evolution 35:1229-1242.
    • (1981) Evolution , vol.35 , pp. 1229-1242
    • Felsenstein, J.1
  • 11
    • 0000461280 scopus 로고
    • Confidence limits on phylogenies: An approach using the bootstrap
    • FELSENSTEIN, J. 1985. Confidence limits on phylogenies: An approach using the bootstrap. Evolution 39:783-791.
    • (1985) Evolution , vol.39 , pp. 783-791
    • Felsenstein, J.1
  • 12
    • 0024181337 scopus 로고
    • Phylogenies and quantitative characters
    • FELSENSTEIN, J. 1988. Phylogenies and quantitative characters. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 19:445-171.
    • (1988) Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. , vol.19 , pp. 445-1171
    • Felsenstein, J.1
  • 13
    • 0031084118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vagaries in the delimitation of character states in quantitative variation - An experimental study
    • GIFT, N., AND P. F. STEVENS. 1997. Vagaries in the delimitation of character states in quantitative variation - An experimental study. Syst. Biol. 46:112-125.
    • (1997) Syst. Biol. , vol.46 , pp. 112-125
    • Gift, N.1    Stevens, P.F.2
  • 14
    • 84989486147 scopus 로고
    • Methods for discrete coding of variable morphological features for numerical analysis
    • GOLDMAN, N. 1988. Methods for discrete coding of variable morphological features for numerical analysis. Cladistics 4:59-71.
    • (1988) Cladistics , vol.4 , pp. 59-71
    • Goldman, N.1
  • 15
    • 15644376019 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The phylogenetic position of the Mexican black-tailed pitviper (Squamata: Viperidae: Crotalinae)
    • GUTBERLET, R. E., JR. 1998. The phylogenetic position of the Mexican black-tailed pitviper (Squamata: Viperidae: Crotalinae). Herpetologica 54:184-206.
    • (1998) Herpetologica , vol.54 , pp. 184-206
    • Gutberlet R.E., Jr.1
  • 16
    • 0026302580 scopus 로고
    • The effect of ordered characters on phylogeny reconstruction
    • HAUSER, D. L., AND W. PRESCH. 1991. The effect of ordered characters on phylogeny reconstruction. Cladistics 7:243-265.
    • (1991) Cladistics , vol.7 , pp. 243-265
    • Hauser, D.L.1    Presch, W.2
  • 17
    • 0000470352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Primary homology assessment, characters and character states
    • HAWKINS, J. A., C. E. HUGHES, AND R. W. SCOTLAND. 1997. Primary homoLogy assessment, characters and character states. Cladistics 13:275-283.
    • (1997) Cladistics , vol.13 , pp. 275-283
    • Hawkins, J.A.1    Hughes, C.E.2    Scotland, R.W.3
  • 18
    • 12044253190 scopus 로고
    • An empirical test of bootstrapping as a method for assessing confidence in phylogenetic analysis
    • HILLIS, D. M., AND J. J. BULL. 1993. An empirical test of bootstrapping as a method for assessing confidence in phylogenetic analysis. Syst. Biol. 42:182-192.
    • (1993) Syst. Biol. , vol.42 , pp. 182-192
    • Hillis, D.M.1    Bull, J.J.2
  • 19
    • 0027055554 scopus 로고
    • Signal, noise, and reliability in molecular phylogenetic analyses
    • HILLIS, D. M., AND J. P. HUELSENBECK. 1992. Signal, noise, and reliability in molecular phylogenetic analyses. J. Hered. 83:189-195.
    • (1992) J. Hered. , vol.83 , pp. 189-195
    • Hillis, D.M.1    Huelsenbeck, J.P.2
  • 20
    • 84963036271 scopus 로고
    • Quantitative phyletics and the evolution of anurans
    • KLUGE, A. G., AND J. S. FARRIS. 1969. Quantitative phyletics and the evolution of anurans. Syst. Zool. 18:1-32.
    • (1969) Syst. Zool. , vol.18 , pp. 1-32
    • Kluge, A.G.1    Farris, J.S.2
  • 21
    • 0033498126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A reconsideration of the coding of inapplicable characters: Assumptions and problems
    • LEE, D.-C., AND H. N. BRYANT. 1999. A reconsideration of the coding of inapplicable characters: Assumptions and problems. Cladistics 15:373-378.
    • (1999) Cladistics , vol.15 , pp. 373-378
    • Lee, D.-C.1    Bryant, H.N.2
  • 22
    • 0027079202 scopus 로고
    • Parsimony, homology, and the analysis of multistate characters
    • LIPSCOMB, D. L. 1992. Parsimony, homology, and the analysis of multistate characters. Cladistics 8:45-65.
    • (1992) Cladistics , vol.8 , pp. 45-65
    • Lipscomb, D.L.1
  • 23
    • 0024927261 scopus 로고
    • Phylogenetic hypotheses under the assumption of neutral quantitative-genetic variation
    • LYNCH, M. 1989. Phylogenetic hypotheses under the assumption of neutral quantitative-genetic variation. Evolution 43:1-17.
    • (1989) Evolution , vol.43 , pp. 1-17
    • Lynch, M.1
  • 25
    • 12044251313 scopus 로고
    • Missing data versus missing characters in phylogenetic analysis
    • MADDISON, W. P. 1993. Missing data versus missing characters in phylogenetic analysis. Syst. Biol. 42:576-581.
    • (1993) Syst. Biol. , vol.42 , pp. 576-581
    • Maddison, W.P.1
  • 27
    • 84962994178 scopus 로고
    • Congruence between morphological and allozyme data in evolutionary inference and character evolution
    • MICKEVICH, M. F., AND M. F. JOHNSON. 1976. Congruence between morphological and allozyme data in evolutionary inference and character evolution. Syst. Zool. 25:260-270.
    • (1976) Syst. Zool. , vol.25 , pp. 260-270
    • Mickevich, M.F.1    Johnson, M.F.2
  • 28
    • 0025591741 scopus 로고
    • An amplification of the phylogenetic species concept
    • NIXON, K. C., AND Q. D. WHEELER, 1990. An amplification of the phylogenetic species concept. Cladistics 6:211-223.
    • (1990) Cladistics , vol.6 , pp. 211-223
    • Nixon, K.C.1    Wheeler, Q.D.2
  • 29
    • 84989444262 scopus 로고
    • The nature of cladistic data
    • PIMENTEL, R., AND R. RIGGINS. 1987. The nature of cladistic data. Cladistics 3:201-209.
    • (1987) Cladistics , vol.3 , pp. 201-209
    • Pimentel, R.1    Riggins, R.2
  • 30
    • 0000562699 scopus 로고
    • On character coding for phylogeny reconstruction
    • PLEIJEL, F. 1995. On character coding for phylogeny reconstruction. Cladistics 11:309-315.
    • (1995) Cladistics , vol.11 , pp. 309-315
    • Pleijel, F.1
  • 31
    • 0039222327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Skull characters and the cladistic relationships of the hispaniolan dwarf twig Anolis
    • POE, S. 1998. Skull characters and the cladistic relationships of the Hispaniolan dwarf twig Anolis. Herpetol. Mon. 12:192-236.
    • (1998) Herpetol. Mon. , vol.12 , pp. 192-236
    • Poe, S.1
  • 32
    • 0003070868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Character selection and the methodology of morphological phylogenetics
    • (J. J. Wiens, ed.). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C.
    • POE, S., AND J. J. WIENS. 2000. Character selection and the methodology of morphological phylogenetics. Pages 20-36 in Phylogenetic analysis of morphological data (J. J. Wiens, ed.). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C.
    • (2000) Phylogenetic Analysis of Morphological Data , pp. 20-36
    • Poe, S.1    Wiens, J.J.2
  • 33
    • 0025624319 scopus 로고
    • Character definitions and character-state delimitations: The bete noire of phylogenetic inference
    • POGUE, M., AND M. MICKEVICH. 1990. Character definitions and character-state delimitations: The bete noire of phylogenetic inference. Cladistics 6:319-361.
    • (1990) Cladistics , vol.6 , pp. 319-361
    • Pogue, M.1    Mickevich, M.2
  • 34
    • 0001043263 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The logical basis for the use of continuous characters in phylogenetic systematics
    • RAE, T. C. 1998. The logical basis for the use of continuous characters in phylogenetic systematics. Cladistics. 14:221-228.
    • (1998) Cladistics , vol.14 , pp. 221-228
    • Rae, T.C.1
  • 35
    • 0021544257 scopus 로고
    • Morphological and phylogenetic relations among the Darwin's finches
    • SCHLUTER, D. 1984. Morphological and phylogenetic relations among the Darwin's finches. Evolution. 38:921-930.
    • (1984) Evolution , vol.38 , pp. 921-930
    • Schluter, D.1
  • 36
    • 12044258285 scopus 로고
    • "Unordered" versus "ordered" characters
    • SLOWINSKl, J. B. 1993. "Unordered" versus "ordered" characters. Syst. Biol. 42:155-165.
    • (1993) Syst. Biol. , vol.42 , pp. 155-165
    • Slowinskl, J.B.1
  • 37
    • 0035527355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Generalized frequency coding: A method of preparing polymorphic multistate characters for phylogenetic analysis
    • SMITH, E. N., AND R. L. GUTBERLET, JR. 2001. Generalized frequency coding: a method of preparing polymorphic multistate characters for phylogenetic analysis. Syst. Biol. 50:156-169.
    • (2001) Syst. Biol. , vol.50 , pp. 156-169
    • Smith, E.N.1    Gutberlet R.L., Jr.2
  • 38
    • 0000790778 scopus 로고
    • Character states, morphological variation, and phylogenetic analysis: A review
    • STEVENS, P. F. 1991. Character states, morphological variation, and phylogenetic analysis: A review. Syst. Bot. 16:553-583.
    • (1991) Syst. Bot. , vol.16 , pp. 553-583
    • Stevens, P.F.1
  • 39
    • 0030335884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Finite mixture coding: A new approach to coding continuous characters
    • STRAIT, D., M. MONIZ, AND P. STRAIT. 1996. Finite mixture coding: A new approach to coding continuous characters. Syst. Biol. 45:67-78.
    • (1996) Syst. Biol. , vol.45 , pp. 67-78
    • Strait, D.1    Moniz, M.2    Strait, P.3
  • 40
    • 0033498125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Character coding and inapplicable data
    • STRONG, E. E., AND D. LIPSCOMB. 1999. Character coding and inapplicable data. Cladistics 15:363-371.
    • (1999) Cladistics , vol.15 , pp. 363-371
    • Strong, E.E.1    Lipscomb, D.2
  • 41
    • 0032148616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why morphometrics is not special: Coding quantitative data for phylogenetic analysis
    • SWIDERSKI, D. L., M. L. ZELDITCH, AND W. L. FINK. 1998. Why morphometrics is not special: Coding quantitative data for phylogenetic analysis. Syst. Biol. 47:508-519.
    • (1998) Syst. Biol. , vol.47 , pp. 508-519
    • Swiderski, D.L.1    Zelditch, M.L.2    Fink, W.L.3
  • 43
    • 0000319250 scopus 로고
    • The holy grail of the perfect character: The cladistic treatment of morphometric data
    • THIELE, K. 1993. The Holy Grail of the perfect character: The cladistic treatment of morphometric data. Cladistics 9:275-304.
    • (1993) Cladistics , vol.9 , pp. 275-304
    • Thiele, K.1
  • 44
    • 0021541580 scopus 로고
    • Coding morphometric characters for constructing distance Wagner networks
    • THORPE, R. S. 1984. Coding morphometric characters for constructing distance Wagner networks. Evolution 38:244-255.
    • (1984) Evolution , vol.38 , pp. 244-255
    • Thorpe, R.S.1
  • 45
    • 11944270728 scopus 로고
    • Polymorphic characters in phylogenetic systematics
    • WIENS, J. J. 1995. Polymorphic characters in phylogenetic systematics. Syst. Biol. 44:482-500.
    • (1995) Syst. Biol. , vol.44 , pp. 482-500
    • Wiens, J.J.1
  • 46
    • 0032351679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testing phylogenetic methods with tree-congruence: Phylogenetic analysis of polymorphic morphological characters in phrynosomatid lizards
    • WIENS, J. J. 1998. Testing phylogenetic methods with tree-congruence: Phylogenetic analysis of polymorphic morphological characters in phrynosomatid lizards. Syst. Biol. 47:411-428 .
    • (1998) Syst. Biol. , vol.47 , pp. 411-428
    • Wiens, J.J.1
  • 47
    • 0033382149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polymorphism in systematics and comparative biology
    • WIENS, J. J. 1999. Polymorphism in systematics and comparative biology. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 30:327-362.
    • (1999) Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. , vol.30 , pp. 327-362
    • Wiens, J.J.1
  • 48
    • 0031484624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accuracy of phylogenetic analysis including and excluding polymorphic characters
    • WIENS, J. J., AND M. R. SERVEDIO. 1997. Accuracy of phylogenetic analysis including and excluding polymorphic characters. Syst. Biol. 46:332-345.
    • (1997) Syst. Biol. , vol.46 , pp. 332-345
    • Wiens, J.J.1    Servedio, M.R.2
  • 49
    • 0032095587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylogenetic analysis and intraspecific variation: Performance of parsimony, likelihood, and distance methods
    • WIENS, J. J., AND M. R. SERVEDIO. 1998. Phylogenetic analysis and intraspecific variation: Performance of parsimony, likelihood, and distance methods. Syst. Biol. 47:228-253.
    • (1998) Syst. Biol. , vol.47 , pp. 228-253
    • Wiens, J.J.1    Servedio, M.R.2
  • 50
    • 0000619683 scopus 로고
    • Ordered versus unordered characters
    • WILKINSON, M. 1992. Ordered versus unordered characters. Cladistics 8:375-385.
    • (1992) Cladistics , vol.8 , pp. 375-385
    • Wilkinson, M.1
  • 51
    • 0000668391 scopus 로고
    • A comparison of two methods of character construction
    • WILKINSON, M. 1995. A comparison of two methods of character construction. Cladistics 11:297-308.
    • (1995) Cladistics , vol.11 , pp. 297-308
    • Wilkinson, M.1
  • 52
    • 0002102087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discovery of phylogenetic characters in morphometric data
    • (J. J. Wiens, ed.). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C
    • ZELDITCH, M. L., D. L. SWIDERSKI, AND W. E. FINK. 2000. Discovery of phylogenetic characters in morphometric data. Pages 37-83 in Phylogenetic analysis of morphological data (J. J. Wiens, ed.). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C.
    • (2000) Phylogenetic Analysis of Morphological Data , pp. 37-83
    • Zelditch, M.L.1    Swiderski, D.L.2    Fink, W.E.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.