Getting the message across: The intracellular localization of mRNAs in higher eukaryotes

Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology

Volumn 17, Issue , 2001, Pages 569-614

  Palacios, I M ^a   Johnston, D S T ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Determinants; Localization element; RNA localization; RNA binding protein

Indexed keywords

MESSENGER RNA;

ACTIVE TRANSPORT; CELL POLARITY; CELL TYPE; CELLULAR DISTRIBUTION; CONFERENCE PAPER; CYTOPLASM; DIFFUSION; DROSOPHILA; EUKARYOTE; GENE FUNCTION; GENE LOCATION; GENE TRANSFER; HUMAN; NERVE CELL PLASTICITY; NONHUMAN; OOCYTE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN BINDING; PROTEIN DEGRADATION; PROTEIN SYNTHESIS; PROTEIN TARGETING; RNA TRANSLATION; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; SOMATIC CELL GENETICS; TRANSLATION REGULATION;

ANIMALS; BIOLOGICAL TRANSPORT; CELL COMPARTMENTATION; CELL NUCLEUS; CELL POLARITY; CYTOPLASM; CYTOSKELETON; EUKARYOTIC CELLS; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; NEURONAL PLASTICITY; PROTEIN BIOSYNTHESIS; RNA, MESSENGER; RNA-BINDING PROTEINS; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION;

EUKARYOTA;

EID: 0035188585     PISSN: 10810706     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1146/annurev.cellbio.17.1.569     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (281)

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65. Patterns of localization and cytoskeletal association of two vegetally localized RNAs, Vg1 and Xcat-2
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67. Dorsal-ventral patterning of the Drosophila embryo depends on a putative negative growth factor encoded by the short gastrulation gene
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73. Two copies of a sub-element from the Vg1 RNA localization sequence are sufficient to direct vegetal localization in Xenopus oocytes
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76. Cytoplasmic flows localize injected oskar RNA in Drosophila oocytes
77. Spatial and temporal expression of acetylcholine receptor RNAs in innervated and denervated rat soleus muscle
78. ASH1 mRNA localization in yeast involves multiple secondary structural elements and Ash1 protein translation
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81. Localization-dependent translation requires a functional interaction between the 5′ and 3′ ends of oskar mRNA
82. Time-lapse film analysis of cytoplasmic streaming during late oogenesis of Drosophila
83. Intracellular localization of tropomyosin mRNA and protein is associated with development of neuronal polarity
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85. Identification of a component of Drosophila polar granules
86. A protein component of Drosophila polar granules is encoded by vasa and has extensive sequence similarity to ATP-dependent helicases
87. Beta and gamma actin mRNAs are differentially located within myoblasts
88. Sequential expression of multiple POU proteins during amphibian early development
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91. A vegetally localized T-box transcription factor in Xenopus eggs specifies mesoderm and endoderm and is essential for embryonic mesoderm formation
92. A critical role for Xdazl, a germ plasm-localized RNA, in the differentiation of primordial germ cells in Xenopus
93. A Xenopus DAZ-like gene encodes an RNA component of germ plasm and is a functional homologue of Drosophila boule
94. Xpat, a gene expressed specifically in germ plasm and primordial germ cells of Xenopus laevis
95. Identification of new localized RNAs in the Xenopus oocyte by differential display PCR
96. Posterior segmentation of the Drosophila embryo in the absence of a maternal posterior organizer gene
97. Regulation of the early expression of the Xenopus nodal-related 1 gene, Xnr1
98. Essential role of mitochondrially encoded large rRNA for germline formation in Drosophila embryos
99. Miranda directs Prospero to a daughter cell during Drosophila asymmetric divisions
100. The Drosophila posterior-group gene nanos functions by repressing hunchback activity
101. Polarity in cell division: What frames thy fearful asymmetry?
102. The role of brinker in mediating the graded response to Dpp in early Drosophila embryos
103. Localisation of actin messenger RNA during early ascidian development
104. mRNA coding for oxytocin is present in axons of the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial tract
105. germ cell-less encodes a cell type-specific nuclear pore-associated protein and functions early in the germ-cell specification pathway of Drosophila
106. The germ cell-less gene product: A posteriorly localized component necessary for germ cell development in Drosophila
107. A requirement for local protein synthesis in neurotrophin-induced hippocampal synaptic plasticity
108. Mitochondrial small ribosomal RNA is present on polar granules in early cleavage embryos of Drosophila melanogaster
109. Initial organization of the Drosophila dorsoventral axis depends on an RNA-binding protein encoded by the squid gene
110. The mammalian Staufen protein localizes to the somatodendritic domain of cultured hippocampal neurons: Implications for its involvement in mRNA transport
111. Translational regulation of oskar messenger RNA by Bruno, an ovarian RNA binding protein, is essential
112. oskar mRNA is localized to the posterior pole of the Drosophila oocyte
113. Isoform-specific 3′-untranslated sequences sort a-cardiac and β-cytoplasmic actin messenger RNAs to different cytoplasmic compartments
114. Sequences responsible for intracellular localization of βactin messenger RNA also affect cell phenotype
115. Differential subcellular localization of particular mRNAs in hippocampal neurons in culture
116. The targeting of Xcat2 mRNA to the germinal granules depends on a cis-acting germinal granule localization element within the 3M′UTR
117. Delocalization of Vg1 mRNA from the vegetal cortex in Xenopus oocytes after destruction of X1sirt RNA
118. Two distinct pathways fr the localization of RNAs at the vegetal cortex in Xenopus oocytes
119. Apparent continuity between the messenger transport organizer and late RNA localization pathways during oogenesis in Xenopus
120. Contribution of METRO pathway localized molecules to the organization of the germ cell lineage
121. x121: A localized maternal transcript in Xenopus laevis
122. Translocation of repetitive RNA sequences with the germ plasm in Xenopus oocytes
123. Asymmetric segregation of Numb and Prospero during cell division
124. Deletion analysis of the Drosophila Inscuteable protein reveals domains for cortical localization and asymmetric localization
125. Translocation of RNA granules in living neurons
126. Localization of mitochondrial large ribosomal RNA in germ plasm of Xenopus embryos
127. Presence of large ribosomal RNA outside mitochondria in germ plasm of Drosophila melanogaster
128. Essential role of the posterior morphogen nanos for germline development in Drosophila
129. Mesoderm induction in Xenopus is a zygotic event regulated by maternal VegT via TGFβ growth factors
130. Microtubule-dependent recruitment of Staufen-Green Fluorescent Protein into large RNA-containing granules and subsequent dendritic transport in living hippocampal neurons
131. Xwnt-11: A maternally expressed Xenopus wnt gene
132. Squid hnRNP protein promotes apical cytoplasmic transport and localization of Drosophila pairrule transcripts
133. RNA localization along the anteroposterior axis of the Drosopila oocyte requires PKA-mediated microsignal transduction to direct normal tubule organization
134. The Drosophila orb gene is predicted to encode sex-specific germline RNA-binding proteins and has localized transcripts in ovaries and early embryos
135. The product of the Drosophila gene vasa is very similar to eukaryotic initiation factor-4A
136. Abdominal segmentation, pole cell formation, and embryonic polarity require the localized activity of oskar, a maternal gene in Drosophila
137. Inscuteable and Staufen mediate asymmetric localization and segregation of prospero RNA during Drosophila neuroblast cell divisions
138. Somatodendritic expression of an immediate early gene is regulated by synaptic activity
139. Microtubules are involved in the localization of tau mRNA in primary neuronal cell cultures
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141. Exogenous tau RNA is localized in oocytes: Possible evidence for evolutionary conservation of localization mechanisms
142. She2p is a novel RNA-binding protein that recruits the Myo4p-She3p complex to ASH1 mRNA
143. Mating type switching in yeast controlled by asymmetric localization of ASH1 mRNA
144. Expression cloning of aXenopus T-related gene (Xombi) involved in mesodermal patterning and blastopore lip formation
145. Xcat2 RNA is a translationally sequestered germ plasm component in Xenopus
146. bicoid mRNA localization signal: Phylogenetic conservation of function and RNA secondary structure
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148. Mutational analysis of an RNA recognition element that mediates localization of bicoid mRNA
149. RNA regulatory element BLE 1 directs the early steps of bicoid mRNA localization
150. Protein encoded by the exuperantia gene is concentrated at sites of bicoid mRNA accumulation in Drosophila nurse cells but not in oocytes or embryos
151. Cis-acting sequences responsible for anterior localization of bicoid mRNA in Drosophila embryos
152. An Egalitarian-BicaudalD complex is essential for oocyte specification and axis determination in Drosophila
153. Maternal mRNA localization of zebrafish DAZ-like genes
154. The temporal and spatial distribution pattern of maternal Exuperantia protein: Evidence for a role in establishment but not maintenance of bicoid mRNA localization
155. A human sequence homologue of Staufen is an RNA-binding protein that is associated with polysomes and localizes to the rough endoplasmic reticulum
156. Miranda Localizes staufen and prospero asymmetrically in mitotic neuroblasts and epithelial cells in early Drosophila embryogenesis
157. The 3′-untranslated region of CaMKII alpha is a cis-acting signal for the localization and translation of mRNA in dendrites
158. Translocation of a localized maternal mRNA to the vegetal pole of Xenopus oocytes
159. Concentration of acetylcholine receptor mRNA in synaptic regions of adult muscle fibres
160. Distinct roles of two conserved Staufen domains in oskar mRNA localisation and translation
161. The mago nashi gene is required for the polarisation of the oocyte and the formation of perpendicular axes in Drosophila
162. Axonaltransport of neuropeptide encoding mRNAs with the hypothalamo-hypophyseal tract of rats
163. Two rat brain Staufen isoforms differentially bind RNA
164. A mRNA localized to the vegetal cortex of Xenopus oocytes encodes a protein with a nanos-like zinc finger domain
165. RNA trafficking signals in human immunodeficiency virus Type 1
166. Complex formation between stage-specific oocyte factors and a Xenopus mRNA localization element
167. RNA sorting in Xenopus oocytes and embryos
168. Vegetal messenger RNA localization directed by a 340-nt RNA sequence element in Xenopus oocytes
169. Mutational analysis of a heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2 response element for RNA trafficking
170. Binding of Pumilio to maternal hunchback mRNA is required for posterior patterning in Drosophila embryos
171. Requirement for a noncoding RNA in Drosophila polar granules for germ cell establishment
172. The Drosophila dorsoventral patterning gene gurken produces a dorsally localized RNA and encodes a TGF α-like protein
173. The Drosophila TGF-α like protein Gurken: Expression and cellular localization during Drosophila oogenesis
174. The mago nashi locus encodes an essential product required for germ plasm assembly in Drosophila
175. mago nashi mediates the posterior follicle cell-to-oocyte signal to organize axis formation in Drosophila
176. macho-1 Encodes a localized mRNA in ascidian eggs that specifies muscle fate during embryogenesis
177. Specific isoforms of Squid, a Drosophila hnRNP, perform distinct roles in Gurken localization during oogenesis
178. Role of cortical tumour-suppressor proteins in asymmetric division of Drosophila neuroblast
179. Localization of mitochondrial large ribosomal RNA in the myoplasm of the early ascidian embryo
180. A vasalike gene in zebrafish identifies putative primordial germ cells
181. Tetanic stimulation leads to increased accumulation of Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II via dendritic protein synthesis in hippocampal neurons
182. Xotxl maternal transcripts are vegetally localized in Xenopus laevis oocytes
183. The tumour-suppressor genes lgl and dlg regulate basal protein targeting in Drosophila neuroblasts
184. Microtubules in Xenopus oocytes are oriented with their minus-ends towards the cortex
185. Microtubules are a general component of mRNA localisation systems in Drosophila oocytes
186. Microtubules mediate the localization of bicoid RNA during Drosophila oogenesis
187. Cell-specific dendritic localization of glycine receptor alpha subunit messenger RNAs
188. Two distinct mechanisms localise cyclin B transcripts in syncytial Drosophila embryos
189. RNA recognition by a Staufen double-stranded RNA-binding domain
190. Identification and cloning of localized maternal RNAs from Xenopus eggs
191. The cloning and characterization of a localized maternal transcript in Xenopus laevis whose zygotic counterpart is detected in the CNS
192. Two trans-acting rat-brain proteins, MARTA1 and MARTA2, interact specifically with the dendritic targeting element in MAP2 mRNAs
193. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) induces dendritic targeting of BDNF and tyrosine kinase B mRNAs in hippocampal neurons through a phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase-dependent pathway
194. RNA binding and translational suppression by bicoid
195. Increased expression of dendritic mRNA following the induction of long-term potentiation
196. germ cell-less is required only during the establishment of the germ cell lineage of Drosophila and has activities which are dependent and independent of its localization to the nuclear envelope
197. Localization of oskar RNA regulates Oskar translation and requires Oskar protein
198. Characterization of a beta-actin mRNA zipcode-binding protein
199. cornichon and the EGF receptor signaling process are necessary for both anterior-posterior and dorsalventral pattern formation in Drosophila
200. HrWnt-5: A maternally expressed ascidian Wnt gene with posterior localization in early embryos
201. Maternally localized RNA encoding a serine/threonine protein kinase in the ascidian, Halocynthia roretzi
202. Two pathways of maternal RNA localization at the posterior-vegetal cytoplasm in early ascidian embryos
203. posterior end mark 3 (pem-3), an ascidian maternally expressed gene with localized mRNA encodes a protein with Caenorhabditis elegans MEX-3- like KH domains
204. posterior end mark 2 (pem-2), pem-4 , pem-5, and pem-6: Maternal genes with localized mRNA in the ascidian embryo
205. The role of oocyte transcription, the 5′UTR, and translation repression and derepression in Drosophila gurken mRNA and protein localisation
206. NMDA receptor-mediated control of protein synthesis at developing synapses
207. Analysis of RNA associated with P granules in germs cells of C. elegans adults
208. The molecular motor dynein is involved in targeting Swallow and bicoid RNA to the anterior pole of Drosophila oocytes
209. Xenopus poly (A) binding protein maternal RNA is localized during oogenesis and associated with large complexes in blastula
210. Miranda mediates the asymmetric protein and RNA localisation in the developing nervous system
211. Germ line and soma cooperate during oogenesis to establish the dorsoventral pattern of egg shell and embryo in Drosophila melanogaster
212. Maternal-effect mutations altering the anterior-posterior pattern of the Drosophila embryo
213. A 69-kDa RNA-binding protein from Xenopus oocytes recognizes a common motif in two vegetally localized maternal mRNAs
214. Molecular analysis of the bicoid gene from Drosophila pseudoobscura: Identification of conserved domains within coding and noncoding regions of the bicoid mRNA
215. A small predicted stem loop structure mediates oocyte localization of Drosophila K10 messenger RNA
216. The role of fs(1)K10 in the localization of the messenger RNA of the TGF-alpha homolog gurken within the Drosophila oocyte
217. Binding of an RNA trafficking response element to heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins A1 and A2
218. Miranda is required for the asymmetric localization of Prospero during mitosis in Drosophila
219. Miranda as a multidomain adapter linking apically localized Inscuteable and basally localized Staufen and Prospero during asymmetric cell division in Drosophila
220. The Drosophila homolog of C. elegans PAR-1 organizes the oocyte cytoskeleton and directs oskar mRNA localisation to the posterior pole
221. The double lives of shuttling mRNA binding proteins
222. Postsynaptic translation affects the efficacy and morphology of neuromuscular junctions
223. Apical localization of wg transcripts is required for Wingless signalling
224. Spatial restriction of AChR gene expression to subsynaptic nuclei
225. Smaug, a novel and conserved protein, contributes to repression of nanos mRNA translation in vitro
226. Smaug protein represses translation of unlocalized nanos mRNA in the Drosophila embryo
227. Recruitment of Nanos to hunchback mRNA by Pumilio
228. Getting to the top
229. staufen, a gene required to localize maternal RNAs in the Drosophila egg
230. A conserved double-stranded RNA-binding domain
231. Multiple steps in the localization of bicoid RNA to the anterior pole of the Drosophila oocyte
232. The Xenopus T-box gene, Antipodean, encodes a vegetally localised maternal mRNA and can trigger mesoderm formation
233. mRNA localization in neurons: A multipurpose mechanism?
234. Ultrastructural basis for gene expression at the synapse: Synapse-associated polyribosome complexes
235. Synaptic activation causes the mRNA for the IEG Arc to localize selectively near activated postsynaptic sites on dendrites
236. Differing strategies for organizing anterior and posterior body pattern in Drosophila embryos
237. nos-1 and nos-2, two genes related to Drosophila nanos, regulate primordial germ cell development and survival in Caenorhabditis elegans
238. Bicaudal-D, a Drosophila gene involved in developmental asymmetry: Localized transcript accumulation in ovaries and sequence similarity to myosin heavy chain tail domains
239. Vegetal localization of the maternal mRNA encoding an EDEN-BP/Bruno-like protein in zebrafish
240. A maternal RNA localized in the yellow crescent is segregated to the larval muscle cells during ascidian development
241. Localization of ribosomal protein L5 mRNA in myoplasm during ascidian development
242. PCNA mRNA has a 3′UTR antisense to yellow crescent RNA and is localized in ascidian eggs and embryos
243. Actin-dependent localization of an RNA encoding a cell-fate determinant in yeast
244. crumbs encodes an EGF-like protein expressed on apical membranes of Drosophila epithelial cells and required for organization of epithelia
245. Lack of Drosophila cytoskeletal tropomyosin affects head morphogenesis and the accumulation of oskar messenger RNA required for germ cell formation
246. In vivo analyses of cytoplasmic transport and cytoskeletal organization during Drosophila oogenesis: Characterization of a multi-step anterior localization pathway
247. Reorganization of the cytoskeleton during Drosophila oogenesis: Implications for axis specification and intercellular transport
248. Localization of gurken RNA in Drosophila oogenesis requires elements in the 5′ and 3′ regions of the transcript
249. Spatial and temporal changes in signal transduction pathways during LTP
250. Processed Vg1 protein is an axial mesoderm inducer in Xenopus
251. Activity-dependent dendritic targeting of BDNF and TrkB mRNAs in hippocampal neurons
252. Spatial segregation of mRNA encoding myelin-specific proteins
253. Barentsz is essential for the posterior localization of oskar mRNA and colocalizes with it to the posterior pole
254. Genetics of nanos localisation in Drosophila
255. Nanos is the localized posterior determinant in Drosophila
256. Implications for bcd mRNA localization from spatial distribution of Exu protein in Drosophila oogenesis
257. Changing subcellular distribution and activity-dependent utilization of a dendritically localized mRNA in developing purkinje cells
258. Actin mRNA isoforms are differentially sorted in normal osteoblasts and sorting is altered in osteoblasts from a skeletal mutation in the rat
259. Translational repressor bruno plays multiple roles in development and is widely conserved
260. Fragile X mental retardation protein is translated near synapses in response to neurotransmitter activation
261. Molecular mechanisms for activity-regulated protein synthesis in the synapto-dendritic compartment
262. The Pumilio RNA-binding domain is also a translational regulator
263. RNA regulatory elements mediate control of Drosophila body pattern by the posterior morphogen nanos
264. Different 3′ untranslated regions target alternatively processed hu-li shao (hts) transcripts to distinct cytoplasmic locations during Drosophila oogenesis
265. Mammalian Staufen is a double-stranded-RNA- and Tubulin-binding protein which localizes to the rough endoplasmic reticulum
266. Isolation of a ribonucleoprotein complex involved in mRNA localization in Drosophila oocytes
267. Drosophila wingless and pair-rule transcripts localise apically by dynein-mediated transport of RNA particles
268. A sponge-like structure involved in the association and transport of maternal products during Drosophila oogenesis
269. Differential localization of the mRNA of the M and B isoforms of creatine kinase in myoblasts
270. The maternal mRNA Vg1 is correctly localized following injection into Xenopus oocytes
271. The process of localizing a maternal messenger RNA in Xenopus oocytes
272. A two-step model for the localization of maternal mRNA in Xenopus oocytes: Involvement of microtubules and microfilaments in the translocation and anchoring of Vg1 mRNA
273. Zebrafish vasa homologue RNA is localized to the cleavage planes of 2- and 4-cell-stage embryos and is expressed in the primordial germ cells
274. posterior end mark, a novel maternal gene encoding a localized factor in the ascidian embryo
275. Neurotrophin regulation of β-actin mRNA and protein localization within growth cones
276. The role of maternal VegT in establishing the primary germ layers in Xenopus embryos
277. Xenopus VegT RNA is localized to the vegetal cortex during oogenesis and encodes a novel T-box transcription factor involved in mesodermal patterning
278. Localization of Xcat-2 RNA, a putative germ plasm component, to the mitochondrial cloud in Xenopus stage I oocytes