Detection and clinical significance of occult tumour cells in colorectal cancer

British Journal of Surgery

Volumn 88, Issue 10, 2001, Pages 1307-1320

  Tsavellas, G ^a   Patel, H ^a   Allen Mersh, T G ^a  

^a IMPERIAL COLLEGE SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BLOOD CELL; BONE MARROW CELL; BONE MARROW EXAMINATION; CANCER DIAGNOSIS; CANCER RECURRENCE; CANCER SURGERY; COLORECTAL CARCINOMA; DATA BASE; HUMAN; IMMUNOCYTOCHEMISTRY; LYMPHOMA; MEDICAL INFORMATION; METASTASIS; MINIMAL RESIDUAL DISEASE; MOLECULAR BIOLOGY; OCCULT CANCER; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROGNOSIS; QUALITY CONTROL; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; REVIEW; SENTINEL LYMPH NODE; STANDARDIZATION; TUMOR CELL;

BONE MARROW; COLORECTAL NEOPLASMS; HUMANS; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; LYMPHATIC METASTASIS; LYMPHATIC SYSTEM; NEOPLASM CIRCULATING CELLS; NEOPLASM METASTASIS; NEOPLASM, RESIDUAL; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; PROGNOSIS; SENTINEL LYMPH NODE BIOPSY; TUMOR MARKERS, BIOLOGICAL;

EID: 0034797164     PISSN: 00071323     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.0007-1323.2001.01863.x     Document Type: Review

References (119)

1. Efficacy of adjuvant fluorouracil and folinic acid in colon cancer
2. The classification of cancer of the rectum
3. The spread of rectal cancer and its effect on prognosis
4. Efficacy of adjuvant fluorouracil and folinic acid in B2 colon cancer
5. Significance of axillary macrometastases and micrometastases in mammary cancer
6. International Union Against Cancer. Classification of isolated tumor cells and micrometastasis
7. The Will Rogers phenomenon. Stage migration and new diagnostic techniques as a source of misleading statistics for survival in cancer
8. The significance of the circulating cancer cell
9. Detection and enumeration of circulating tumour cells in colorectal cancer
10. Breast cancer cells in the blood: A pilot study
11. Specific enzymatic amplification of DNA in vitro: The polymerase chain reaction
12. Analysis of enzymatically amplified beta-globin and HLA-DQ alpha DNA with allele-specific oligonucleotide probes
13. Detection of melanoma cells in peripheral blood by means of reverse transcriptase and polymerase chain reaction
14. Specific detection of carcinoembryonic antigen-expressing tumor cells in bone marrow aspirates by polymerase chain reaction
15. Molecular detection of circulating solid carcinoma cells in the peripheral blood: The concept of early systemic disease
16. Detection of circulating tumor cells in colorectal cancer by immunobead-PCR is a sensitive prognostic marker for relapse of disease
17. Free DNA in the serum of cancer patients and the effect of therapy
18. Detection of mutant K-ras DNA in plasma or serum of patients with colorectal cancer
19. Detection of epithelial cancer cells in peripheral blood by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction
20. Identification of carcinoembryonic antigen-producing cells circulating in the blood of patients with colorectal carcinoma by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction
21. Comparative analysis of bone marrow and venous blood isolates from gastrointestinal cancer patients for the detection of disseminated tumor cells using reverse transcription PCR
22. Detection of circulating tumour cells and nodal metastasis by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction technique
23. Detection of disseminated tumor cells in peripheral blood of colorectal cancer patients
24. Detection of colorectal carcinoma cells in circulating peripheral blood by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction targeting cytokeratin-20 mRNA
25. Clinical significance of molecular detection of carcinoma cells in lymph nodes and peripheral blood by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in patients with gastrointestinal or breast carcinomas
26. Detection of colorectal cancer cells in peripheral blood by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction for cytokeratin 20
27. Dissemination of tumor cells in patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer
28. Cytokeratin 20 mRNA in peripheral venous blood of colorectal carcinoma patients
29. Detection of colonic cells in peripheral blood of colorectal cancer patients by means of reverse transcriptase and polymerase chain reaction
30. CK20 gene expression: Technical limits for the detection of circulating tumor cells
31. Detection of disseminated colorectal cancer cells in lymph nodes, blood and bone marrow
32. Increased detection of circulating tumor cells in the blood of colorectal carcinoma patients using two reverse transcription-PCR assays and multiple blood samples
33. Detection of micrometastasis by cytokeratin 20 RT-PCR is limited due to stable background transcription in granulocytes
34. Detection of tumor cell contamination in peripheral blood by RT-PCR in gastrointestinal cancer patients
35. Clearance of circulating tumour cells from the circulation after primary colorectal cancer removal may indicate improved outcome
36. Detection of cytokeratins 19/20 and guanylyl cyclase C in peripheral blood of colorectal cancer patients
37. Perioperative quantitative analysis of cytokeratin 20 mRNA in peripheral venous blood of patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma
38. Molecular detection of blood-borne epithelial cells in colorectal cancer patients and in patients with benign bowel disease
39. Significant detection of circulating cancer cells in the blood by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction during colorectal cancer resection
40. Detection of hematogenic tumor cell dissemination in patients undergoing resection of liver metastases of colorectal cancer
41. Clearance of circulating tumour cells in colorectal cancer is greatest in tumours with the best prognosis
42. Limitations of CD44v6 amplification for the detection of tumour cells in the blood of colorectal cancer patients
43. P53 mutations in primary and metastatic tumors and circulating tumor cells from colorectal carcinoma patients
44. Prognostic significance of reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction measurement of carcinoembryonic antigen mRNA levels in tumor drainage blood and peripheral blood of patients with colorectal carcinoma
45. Genetic detection of colorectal cancer cells in circulation and lymph nodes
46. Keratin gene expression in non-epithelial tissues. Detection with polymerase chain reaction
47. Limitations of reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction analyses for detection of micrometastatic epithelial cancer cells in bone marrow
48. Diagnosis of micrometastases by the amplification of tissue-specific genes
49. Identification of a novel cytokeratin 19 pseudogene that may interfere with reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assays used to detect micrometastatic tumor cells
50. Detection of micrometastases in colorectal cancer patients by K19 and K20 reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction
51. Genetic detection of lymph node micrometastases in patients with colorectal cancer
52. Spread of colorectal cancer micrometastases in regional lymph nodes by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reactions for carcinoembryonic antigen and cytokeratin 20
53. Sensitive nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction detection of circulating prostatic tumor cells: Comparison of prostate-specific membrane antigen and prostate-specific antigen-based assays
54. Sensitive detection of occult breast cancer by the reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction
55. RT-PCR-based detection of occult disseminated tumor cells in peripheral blood and bone marrow of patients with solid tumors. An overview
56. Preoperative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction for prostate specific antigen predicts treatment failure following radical prostatectomy
57. Prognostic significance of peripheral blood and bone marrow tyrosinase messenger RNA in malignant melanoma
58. Molecular detection of micrometastases and circulating tumor cells in solid tumors
59. Reliability of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-based assays for the detection of circulating tumour cells: A quality-assurance initiative of the EORTC melanoma cooperative group
60. Transcription of the dystrophin gene in human muscle and non-muscle tissue
61. Illegitimate transcription: Its use in the study of inherited disease
62. Elimination of false positives in RT-PCR used to detect circulating tumour cells in colorectal cancer
63. Quantitative relationships of intravascular tumor cells, tumor vessels, and pulmonary metastases following tumor implantation
64. 125I-5-iodo-2′-deoxyuridine
65. The catalog of human cytokeratins: Patterns of expression in normal epithelia, tumors and cultured cells
66. Frequency and prognostic significance of isolated tumour cells in bone marrow of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer without overt metastases
67. Methodological analysis of immunocytochemical screening for disseminated epithelial tumor cells in bone marrow
68. Micrometastatic breast cancer cells in bone marrow at primary surgery: Prognostic value in comparison with nodal status
69. Micrometastatic cancer cells in bone marrow: In vitro detection with anti-cytokeratin and in vivo labeling with anti-17-1A monoclonal antibodies
70. Epithelial tumor cells in bone marrow of patients with colorectal cancer: Immunocytochemical detection, phenotypic characterization, and prognostic significance
71. Prognostic significance of micrometastatic tumour cells in bone marrow of colorectal cancer patients
72. Immunocytological detection of micrometastatic cells: Comparative evaluation of findings in the peritoneal cavity and the bone marrow of gastric, colorectal and pancreatic cancer patients
73. Molecular cytogenetic analysis of cytokeratin 20-labeled cells in primary tumors and bone marrow aspirates from colorectal carcinoma patients
74. Cytokeratin-positive cells in bone marrow in comparison with other prognostic factors in colon carcinoma
75. Meta-analyses of studies on bone marrow micrometastases: An independent prognostic impact remains to be substantiated
76. Immunodiagnosis and immunotherapy of isolated tumor cells disseminated to bone marrow of patients with colorectal cancer
77. Detection of cancer micrometastases in lymph nodes by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction
78. The detection of disseminated tumor cells in bone marrow from colorectal-cancer patients by a cytokeratin-20-specific nested reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain reaction is related to the stage of disease
79. TNM classification of malignant tumors: New 1987 edition
80. Surgical manipulation of VX2 carcinoma in the rabbit liver evokes enhancement of metastasis
81. Cancer of the colon: The influence of the no-touch isolation technic on survival rates
82. No-touch isolation technique in colon cancer: A controlled prospective trial
83. Micrometastases: Marker of metastatic potential or evidence of residual disease?
84. Micrometastases in bone marrow of patients undergoing 'curative' surgery for gastrointestinal cancer
85. Large bowel cancer: Surgical pathology and its relationship to survival
86. Prediction of outcome after curative resection for large bowel cancer
87. Immunocytochemical localization of carcinoembryonic antigen in benign and malignant colorectal tissues. Assessment of diagnostic value
88. Can immunohistology improve detection of lymph-node metastases in large-bowel cancer?
89. Detection of occult nodal metastases in patients with colorectal carcinoma
90. Effect on lymph node status of triple levelling and immunohistochemistry with CAM 5.2 on node negative colorectal carcinomas
91. Restaging of colorectal cancer based on the identification of lymph node micrometastases through immunoperoxidase staining of CEA and cytokeratins
92. The importance of combining xylene clearance and immunohistochemistry in the accurate staging of colorectal carcinoma
93. The prognostic significance of immunohistochemically detected lymph node micrometastases in colorectal carcinoma
94. Identification of occult micrometastases in pericolic lymph nodes of Dukes' B colorectal cancer patients using monoclonal antibodies against cytokeratin and CC49. Correlation with long-term survival
95. 125I-radiolabeled monoclonal antibody CC49
96. Occurrence and prognostic importance of micrometastases in regional lymph nodes in Dukes' B colorectal carcinoma: An immunohistochemical study
97. Prognostic relevance of occult tumor cells in lymph nodes of colorectal carcinomas: An immunohistochemical study
98. Occult lymph node metastases detected by cytokeratin immunohistochemistry predict recurrence in 'node-negative' colorectal cancer
99. Are lymph node micrometastases of any clinical significance in Dukes stages A and B colorectal cancer?
100. Limitations with light microscopy in the detection of colorectal cancer cells
101. Role of immunohistochemical detection of lymph-node metastases in management of breast cancer
102. Technical details of intraoperative lymphatic mapping for early stage melanoma
103. The sentinel node in breast cancer - A multicenter validation study
104. Technical details of sentinel lymph node mapping in colorectal cancer and its impact on staging
105. Genetic diagnosis of lymph-node metastasis in colorectal cancer
106. Molecular staging of colorectal cancer K-ras mutation analysis of lymph nodes upstages Dukes B patients
107. Kirsten ras mutations in patients with colorectal cancer: The multicenter 'RASCAL' study
108. Mutations in the p53 gene occur in diverse human tumour types
109. Detection of regional lymph node metastases in colon cancer by using RT-PCR for matrix metalloproteinase 7, matrilysin
110. Use of guanylyl cyclase C for detecting micrometastases in lymph nodes of patients with colon cancer
111. Micrometastases and survival in stage II colorectal cancer
112. Detection and significance of minimal residual disease in colorectal cancer
113. Evidence for colorectal cancer micrometastases using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis of MUC2 in lymph nodes
114. Prognostic significance of colorectal cancer micrometastases detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain recation (RT-PCR)
115. Expression of CD44 variant proteins in human colorectal cancer is related to tumor progression
116. Alternatively spliced variants of the cell adhesion molecule CD44 and tumour progression in colorectal cancer
117. Dormancy of micrometastases: Balanced proliferation and apoptosis in the presence of angiogenesis suppression