Recombinant respiratory syncytial viruses with deletions in the NS1, NS2, SH, and M2-2 genes are attenuated in vitro and in vivo

Virology

Volumn 273, Issue 1, 2000, Pages 210-218

  Jin, Hong ^a   Zhou, Helen ^a   Cheng, Xing ^a   Tang, Roderick ^a   Munoz, Mary ^a   Nguyen, Nghia ^a  

^a MEDIMMUNE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

VIRUS PROTEIN;

ANIMAL CELL; ARTICLE; DELETION MUTANT; GENE DELETION; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RAT; RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL PNEUMOVIRUS; VIRUS ATTENUATION; VIRUS RECOMBINANT; VIRUS REPLICATION;

ANIMALIA; GOSSYPIUM HIRSUTUM; HUMAN RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS; PNEUMOVIRUS; RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS; RICE STRIPE VIRUS; RNA VIRUSES; SIGMODON; SYNCYTIAL VIRUS;

EID: 0034691566     PISSN: 00426822     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1006/viro.2000.0393     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. Atreya P. L., Kulkarni S. Respiratory syncytial virus strain A2 is resistant to the antiviral effects of type I interferons and human MxA. Virology. 261:1999;227-241.
2. Atreya P. L., Peeples M. E., Collins P. L. The NS1 protein of human respiratory syncytial virus is a potent inhibitor of minigenome transcription and RNA replication. J. Virol. 72:1998;1452-1461.
3. Bermingham A., Collins P. L. The M2-2 protein of human respiratory syncytial virus is a regulatory factor involved in the balance between RNA replication and transcription. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 96:1999;11259-11264.
4. Buchholz U. J., Finke S., Conzelmann K. K. Generation of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) from cDNA: BRSV NS2 is not essential for virus replication in tissue culture, and the human RSV leader region acts as a functional BRSV genome promoter. J. Virol. 73:1999;251-259.
5. Bukreyev A., Whitehead S. S., Murphy B. R., Collins P. L. Recombinant respiratory syncytial virus from which the entire SH gene has been deleted grows efficiently in cell culture and exhibits site-specific attenuation in the respiratory tract of the mouse. J. Virol. 71:1997;8973-8982.
6. Collins P. L., Hill M. G., Camargo E., Grosfeld H., Chanock R. M., Murphy B. R. Production of infectious human respiratory syncytial virus from cloned cDNA confirms an essential role for the transcription elongation factor from the 5′ proximal open reading frame of the M2 mRNA in gene expression and provides a capability for vaccine development. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 92:1995;11563-11567.
7. Collins P. L., Hill M. G., Cristina J., Grosfeld H. Transcription elongation factor of respiratory syncytial virus, a nonsegmented negative-strand RNA virus. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 93:1996;81-85.
8. Collins P. L., Wertz G. W. The 1A protein gene of human respiratory syncytial virus: Nucleotide sequence of the mRNA and a related polycistronic transcript. Virology. 141:1985;283-291.
9. Desmyter J., Melnick J. L., Rawls W. E. Defectiveness of interferon production and of rubella virus interference in a line of African green monkey kidney cells (Vero). J. Virol. 2:1968;955-961.
10. Didcock L., Young D. F., Goodbourn S., Randall R. E. Sendai virus and simian virus 5 block activation of interferon-responsive genes: Importance for virus pathogenesis. J. Virol. 73:1999a;3125-3133.
11. Didcock L., Young D. F., Goodbourn S., Randall R. E. The V protein of simian virus 5 inhibits interferon signalling by targeting STAT1 for proteasome-mediated degradation. J. Virol. 73:1999b;9928-9933.
12. Egorov A., Brandt S., Sereinig S., Romanova J., Ferko B. Transfectant influenza A viruses with long deletions in the NS1 protein grow efficiently in Vero cells. J. Virol. 72:1998;6437-6441.
13. Elango N., Kovamees J., Varsanyi T. M., Norrby E. mRNA sequence and deduced amino acid sequence of the mumps virus small hydrophobic protein gene. J. Virol. 63:1989;1413-1415.
14. Evans J. E., Cane P. A., Pringle C. R. Expression and characterisation of the NS1 and NS2 proteins of respiratory syncytial virus. Virus Res. 43:1996;155-161.
15. Garcia-Sastre A., Egorov A., Matassov D., Brandt S., Levy D. E., Durbin J. E., Palese P., Muster T. Influenza A virus lacking the NS1 gene replicates in interferon-deficient systems. Virology. 252:1998;324-330.
16. Garcin D., Itoh M., Kolakofsky D. A point mutation in the Sendai virus accessory C proteins attenuates virulence for mice, but not virus growth in cell culture. Virology. 238:1997;424-431.
17. Garcin D., Latorre P., Kolakofsky D. Sendai virus C proteins counteract the interferon-mediated induction of an antiviral state. J. Virol. 73:1999;6559-6565.
18. Grosfeld H., Hill M. G., Collins P. L. RNA replication by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is directed by the N, P, and L protein; transcription also occurs under these conditions but requires RSV superinfection for efficient synthesis of full-length mRNA. J. Virol. 69:1995;5677-5686.
19. Hardy R. W., Harmon S. B., Wertz G. W. Diverse gene junctions of respiratory syncytial virus modulate the efficiency of transcription termination and respond differently to M2-mediated antitermination. J. Virol. 73:1999;170-176.
20. Hardy R. W., Wertz G. W. The product of the respiratory syncytial virus M2 gene ORF1 enhances readthrough of intergenic junctions during viral transcription. J. Virol. 72:1998;520-526.
21. Hatada E., Saito S., Fukuda R. Mutant influenza viruses with a defective NS1 protein cannot block the activation of PKR in infected cells. J. Virol. 73:1999;2425-2433.
22. He B., Leser G. P., Paterson R. G., Lamb R. A. The paramyxovirus SV5 small hydrophobic (SH) protein is not essential for virus growth in tissue culture cells. Virology. 250:1998;30-40.
23. Hiebert S. W., Paterson R. G., Lamb R. A. Identification and predicted sequence of a previously unrecognized small hydrophobic protein, SH, of the paramyxovirus simian virus 5. J. Virol. 55:1985;744-751.
24. Jin H., Cheng X., Zhou H. Z., Li S., Seddiqui A. Respiratory syncytial virus that lacks open reading frame 2 of the M2 gene (M2-2) has altered growth characteristics, and is attenuated in rodents. J. Virol. 74:2000;74-82.
25. Jin H., Clarke D., Zhou Z.-Y. H., Cheng X., Coelingh K., Bryant M., Li S. Recombinant human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) from cDNA and construction of subgroup A and B chimeric RSV. Virology. 251:1998;206-214.
26. Jin H., Subbarao K., Bagai S., Leser G. P., Murphy B. R., Lamb R. A. Palmitylation of the influenza virus hemagglutinin (H3) is not essential for virus assembly or infectivity. J. Virol. 70:1996;1406-1414.
27. Karron R. A., Wright P. F., Crowe J. E. Jr., Clements-Mann M. L., Thompson J., Makhene M., Casey R., Murphy B. R. Evaluation of two live, cold-passaged, temperature-sensitive respiratory syncytial virus vaccines in chimpanzees and in human adults, infants and children. J. Infect. Dis. 176:1997;1428-1436.
28. Kato A., Kiyotani K., Sakai Y., Yoshida T., Nagai Y. The paramyxovirus, Sendai virus, V protein encodes a luxury function required for viral pathogenesis. EMBO J. 16:1997a;578-587.
29. Kato A., Kiyotani K., Sakai Y., Yoshida T., Shioda T., Nagai Y. Importance of the cysteine-rich carboxyl-terminal half of V protein for Sendai virus pathogenesis. J. Virol. 71:1997b;7266-7272.
30. Kurotani A., Kiyotani K., Kato A., Shioda T., Sakai Y., Mizumoto K., Yoshida T., Nagai Y. Sendai virus C proteins are categorically nonessential gene products but silencing their expression severely impairs viral replication and pathogenesis. Genes Cells. 3:1998;111-124.
31. Lamb R. A., Kolakofsky D. Paramyxoviridae: The Viruses and Their Replication. Fields B. N., Knipe D. M. Fields' Virology. 1996;Raven Press, Ltd. New York.
32. McIntosh K., Chanock R. M. Respiratory syncytial virus. Knipe D. M. Virology. 1990;Raven Press, New York.
33. Routledge E. G., Willcocks M. M, Samson A. C. R., Scott R., Toms G. L. Respiratory syncytial virus glycoprotein expression in human and simian cell lines. J. Gen. Virol. 67:1986;2059-2064.
34. Teng M. N., Collins P. L. Altered growth characteristics of recombinant respiratory syncytial viruses which do not produce NS2 protein. J. Virol. 73:1999;466-473.
35. Tober C., Seufert M., Schneider H., Billeter M. A., Johnston I. C., Niewiesk S., ter Meulen V., Schneider-Schaulies S. Expression of measles virus V protein is associated with pathogenicity and control of viral RNA synthesis. J. Virol. 72:1998;8124-8132.
36. Weber E., Humbert B., Streckert H. J., Werchau H. Nonstructural protein 2 (NS2) of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) detected by an antipeptide serum. Respiration. 62:1995;27-33.
37. Whitehead S. S., Bukreyev A., Teng M. N., Firestone C. Y., St Claire M., Elkins W. R., Collins P. L., Murphy B. R. Recombinant respiratory syncytial virus bearing a deletion of either the NS2 or SH gene is attenuated in chimpanzees. J. Virol. 73:1999;3438-3442.
38. Yu Q., Hardy R. W., Wertz G. W. Functional cDNA clones of the human respiratory syncytial (RS) virus N, P, and L proteins support replication of RS virus genomic RNA analogs and define minimal trans-acting requirements for RNA replication. J. Virol. 69:1995;2412-2419.