The protein kinase PKR is required for p38 MAPK activation and the innate immune response to bacterial endotoxin

EMBO Journal

Volumn 19, Issue 16, 2000, Pages 4292-4297

  Goh, Kee Chuan ^a   DeVeer, Michael J ^a   Williams, Bryan R G ^a  

^a LERNER RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

Innate immunity; Interleukins; LPS; p38 MAPK; PKR

Indexed keywords

BACTERIUM LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; CYTOKINE; ENDOTOXIN; INTERLEUKIN 12; INTERLEUKIN 6; MESSENGER RNA; MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE; PROTEIN KINASE; RNA;

ANIMAL CELL; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; CYTOKINE PRODUCTION; EMBRYO; ENZYME ACTIVATION; FIBROBLAST; GENE INDUCTION; IMMUNE RESPONSE; MOUSE; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

ANIMALIA; BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS);

EID: 0034663942     PISSN: 02614189     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/emboj/19.16.4292     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Bandyopadhyay, S.K., de la Motte, C.A. and Williams, B.R.G. (2000) Induction of E-selectin expression by dsRNA and TNF-α is attenuated in murine aortic endothelial cells derived from PKR-null mice. J. Immunol., 164, 2077-2083.
2. Chu, W.M., Ostertag, D., Li, Z.W., Chang, L., Chen, Y., Hu, Y., Williams, B., Perraut, J. and Karin, M. (1999) JNK2 and IKKβ are required for activating the innate response to viral infection. Immunity, 11, 721-731.
3. Clemens, M.J. and Elia, A. (1997) The double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase PKR: structure and function. J. Interferon Cytokine Res., 17, 503-524.
4. Conrad, P.W., Rust, R.T., Han, J., Millhorn, D.E. and Beitner-Johnson, D. (1999) Selective activation of p38α and p38γ by hypoxia. Role in regulation of cyclin D1 by hypoxia in PC12 cells. J. Biol. Chem., 274, 23570-23576.
5. Der, S.D., Yang, Y.L., Weissmann, C. and Williams, B.R. (1997) A double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase-dependent pathway mediating stress-induced apoptosis. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA. 94, 3279-3283.
6. Engelberts, I., von Asmuth, E.J., van der Linden, C.J. and Buurman, W.A. (1991) The interrelation between TNF, IL-6 and PAF secretion induced by LPS in an in vivo and in vitro murine model. Lymphokine Cytokine Res., 10, 127-131.
7. Gale, M., Jr and Katze, M.G. (1998) Molecular mechanisms of interferon resistance mediated by viral-directed inhibition of PKR, the interferon-induced protein kinase. Pharmacol. Ther., 78, 29-46.
8. Goh, K.C., Haque, S.J. and Williams, B.R. (1999) p38 MAP kinase is required for STAT1 serine phosphorylation and transcriptional activation induced by interferons. EMBO J., 18, 5601-5608.
9. Han, J., Lee, J.D., Bibbs, L. and Ulevitch, R.J. (1994) A MAP kinase targeted by endotoxin and hyperosmolarity in mammalian cells. Science, 265, 808-811.
10. Iordanov, M.S., Paranjape, J.M., Zhou, A., Wong, J., Williams, B.R., Meurs, E.F., Silverman, R.H. and Magun, B.E. (2000) Activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and c-Jun N-terminal kinase by double-stranded RNA and encephalomyocarditis virus: involvement of RNase L, protein kinase R and alternative pathways. Mol. Cell. Biol., 20, 617-627.
11. Kawasaki, H., Morooka, T., Shimohama, S., Kimura, J., Hirano, T., Gotoh, Y. and Nishida, E. (1997) Activation and involvement of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in glutamate-induced apoptosis in rat cerebellur granule cells. J. Biol. Chem., 272, 18518-18521.
12. Kumar, A., Yang, Y.L., Flati, V., Der, S., Kadereit, S., Deb, A., Haque, J., Reis, L., Weissmann, C. and Williams, B.R. (1997) Deficient cytokine signaling in mouse embryo fibroblasts with a targeted deletion in the PKR gene: role of IRF-1 and NF-κB. EMBO J., 16, 406-416.
13. Lee, J.C. et al. (1994) A protein kinase involved in the regulation of inflammatory cytokine biosynthesis. Nature, 372, 739-746.
14. Lu, H.T., Yang, D.D., Wysk, M., Gatti, E., Mellman, I., Davis, R.J. and Flavell, R.A. (1999) Defective IL-12 production in mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase kinase 3 (Mkk3)-deficient mice. EMBO J., 18, 1845-1857.
15. Medzhitov, R. and Janeway, C.A., Jr (1997) Innate immunity: the virtues of a nonclonal system of recognition. Cell, 91, 295-298.
16. Mulligan, R.C. and Berg, P. (1981) Selection for animal cells that express the Escherichia coli gene coding for xanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 78, 2072-2076.
17. Ono, K. and Han, J. (2000) The p38 signal transduction pathway: activation and function. Cell Signal., 12, 1-13.
18. Qureshi, S.T., Gros, P. and Malo, D. (1999) Host resistance to infection: genetic control of lipopolysaccharide responsiveness by toll-like receptor genes. Trends Genet., 15, 291-294.
19. Raingeaud, J., Gupta, S., Rogers, J.S., Dickens, M., Han, J., Ulevitch, R.J. and Davis, R.J. (1995) Pro-inflammatory cytokines and environmental stress cause p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase activation by dual phosphorylation on tyrosine and threonine. J. Biol. Chem., 270, 7420-7426.
20. Raingeaud, J., Whitmarsh, A.J., Barret, T., Derijard, B. and Davis, R. (1996) MKK3-and MKK-6-regulated gene expression is mediated by the p38 MAPK signal transduction pathway. Mol. Cell. Biol., 16, 1247-1255.
21. Ramana, C.V., Grammatikakis, N., Chernov, M., Nguyen, H., Goh, K.C., Williams, B.R. and Stark, G.R. (2000) Regulation of c-myc expression by IFN-γ through Stat1-dependent and -independent pathways. EMBO J., 19, 263-272.
22. Schulze-Osthoff, K., Ferrari, D., Riehemann, K. and Wesselborg, S. (1997) Regulation of NF-κB activation by MAP kinase cascade. Immunobiology, 198, 35-49.
23. 1 arrest and apoptosis in a pro-B cell line. J. Biol. Chem., 274, 8708-8716.
24. Shrode, L.D., Rubie, E.A., Woodgett, J.R. and Grinstein, S. (1997) Cytosolic alkalinization increases stress-activated protein kinase/ c-Jun N-terminal kinase (SAPK/JNK) activity and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase activity by a calcium-independent mechanism. J. Biol. Chem., 272, 13653-13659.
25. Stark, G.R., Kerr, I.M., Williams, B.R.G., Silverman, R.H. and Schreiber, R.D. (1998) How cells respond to interferons. Annu. Rev. Biochem., 67, 227-264.
26. Tibbles, L.A. and Woodgett, J.R. (1999) The stress-activated protein kinase pathways. Cell. Mol. Life Sci., 55, 1230-1254.
27. Tominaga, K., Kirikae, T. and Nakano, M. (1997) Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced IL-6 production by embryonic fibroblasts isolated and cloned from LPS-responsive and LPS-hyporesponsive mice. Mol. Immunol., 34, 1147-1156.
28. Trinchieri, G. (1995) Interleukin-12: a proinflammatory cytokine with immunoregulatory functions that bridge innate resistance and antigen-specific adaptive immunity. Annu. Rev. Immunol., 13, 251-276.
29. van der Poll, T. and van Deventer, S.J. (1998) The role of interleukin 6 in endotoxin-induced inflammatory responses. Prog. Clin. Biol. Res., 397, 365-377.
30. Widmann, C., Gibson, S., Jarpe, M.B. and Johnson, G.L. (1999) Mitogen-activated protein kinase: conservation of a three-kinase module from yeast to human. Physiol. Rev., 79, 143-180.
31. Williams, B.R.G. (1997) Role of the double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase in cell regulation. Biochem. Soc. Trans., 25, 509-513.
32. 2-terminal kinase activation and defects in AP-1 transcriptional activity. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 94, 3004-3009.
33. Yang, Y.L., Reis, L.F., Pavlovic, J., Aguzzi, A., Schafer, R., Kumar, A., Williams, B.R., Aguet, M. and Weissmann, C. (1995) Deficient signaling in mice devoid of double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase. EMBO J., 14, 6095-7106.
34. Zamanian-Daryoush, M., Mogensen, T.H., DiDonato, J.A. and Williams, B.R.G. (2000) NF-κB activation by the dsRNA-activated protein PKR is mediated through the NF-κB inducing kinase and IκB kinase. Mol. Cell. Biol., 20, 1278-1290.