메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 21, Issue 15, 2000, Pages 1216-1231

Policy Conference on The Potential for QT Prolongation and Proarrhythmia by Non-antiarrhythmic Drugs: Clinical and Regulatory Implications, Sophia Antipolis, France, 24-25 June 1999

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CARDIOVASCULAR AGENT; ANTIARRHYTHMIC AGENT; ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; NEUROLEPTIC AGENT; VASODILATOR AGENT;

EID: 0034244378     PISSN: 0195668X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1053/euhj.2000.2249     Document Type: Conference Paper
Times cited : (424)

References (81)
  • 1
    • 0002304545 scopus 로고
    • Quinidine syncope. Paroxysmal ventricular fibrillation occurring during treatment of chronic atrial arrhythmias
    • Selzer A, Wray HW. Quinidine syncope. Paroxysmal ventricular fibrillation occurring during treatment of chronic atrial arrhythmias. Circulation. 30:1964;17-26.
    • (1964) Circulation , vol.30 , pp. 17-26
    • Selzer, A.1    Wray, H.W.2
  • 2
    • 0022555299 scopus 로고
    • Incidence and clinical features of the quinidine-associated long QT syndrome: Implications for patient care
    • Roden DM, Woosley RL, Primm RK. Incidence and clinical features of the quinidine-associated long QT syndrome: implications for patient care. Am Heart J. 111:1986;1088-1093.
    • (1986) Am Heart J , vol.111 , pp. 1088-1093
    • Roden, D.M.1    Woosley, R.L.2    Primm, R.K.3
  • 3
    • 0021066238 scopus 로고
    • Torsade de pointes: The long-short initiating sequence and other clinical features: Observations in 32 patients
    • Kay GN, Plumb VJ, Arciniegas JG, Henthorn RW, Waldo AL. Torsade de pointes: the long-short initiating sequence and other clinical features: observations in 32 patients. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2:1983;806-817.
    • (1983) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.2 , pp. 806-817
    • Kay, G.N.1    Plumb, V.J.2    Arciniegas, J.G.3    Henthorn, R.W.4    Waldo, A.L.5
  • 5
    • 0030818655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of d,l-sotalol in patients with ventricular tachycardia and in survivors of cardiac arrest
    • Haverkamp W, Martinez RA, Hief C. Efficacy and safety of d,l-sotalol in patients with ventricular tachycardia and in survivors of cardiac arrest. J Am Coll Cardiol. 30:1997;487-495.
    • (1997) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.30 , pp. 487-495
    • Haverkamp, W.1    Martinez, R.A.2    Hief, C.3
  • 7
    • 0030831504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proarrhythmia with class III antiarrhythmic drugs: Types, risks, and management
    • Hohnloser SH. Proarrhythmia with class III antiarrhythmic drugs: types, risks, and management. Am J Cardiol. 80:1997;82G-9G.
    • (1997) Am J Cardiol , vol.80
    • Hohnloser, S.H.1
  • 8
    • 0033575989 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For The Danish Investigations of Arrhythmia and Mortality on Dofetilide Study Group. Dofetilide in patients with congestive heart failure and left ventricular dysfunction
    • Torp-Pederson C, Moller M, Bloch-Thomsen PE. for The Danish Investigations of Arrhythmia and Mortality on Dofetilide Study Group. Dofetilide in patients with congestive heart failure and left ventricular dysfunction. N Engl J Med. 341:1999;879-911.
    • (1999) N Engl J Med , vol.341 , pp. 879-911
    • Torp-Pederson, C.1    Moller, M.2    Bloch-Thomsen, P.E.3
  • 9
    • 0029778315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of repeated intravenous doses of ibutilide for rapid conversion of atrial flutter or fibrillation. Ibutilide Repeat Dose Study Investigators
    • Stambler BS, Wood MA, Ellenbogen KA, Perry KT, Wakefield LK, Van der Lugt JT. Efficacy and safety of repeated intravenous doses of ibutilide for rapid conversion of atrial flutter or fibrillation. Ibutilide Repeat Dose Study Investigators. Circulation. 94:1996;1613-1621.
    • (1996) Circulation , vol.94 , pp. 1613-1621
    • Stambler, B.S.1    Wood, M.A.2    Ellenbogen, K.A.3    Perry, K.T.4    Wakefield, L.K.5    Van Der Lugt, J.T.6
  • 10
    • 0242356677 scopus 로고
    • Unwitting exposure to risk
    • Zipes DP. Unwitting exposure to risk. Cardiol Rev. 1993;1-3.
    • (1993) Cardiol Rev , pp. 1-3
    • Zipes, D.P.1
  • 11
    • 0029782665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Of oocytes and runny noses
    • Rosen MR. Of oocytes and runny noses. Circulation. 94:1996;607-609.
    • (1996) Circulation , vol.94 , pp. 607-609
    • Rosen, M.R.1
  • 12
    • 0031786767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploring the hidden danger of noncardiac drugs
    • Priori SG. Exploring the hidden danger of noncardiac drugs. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 9:1998;1114-1116.
    • (1998) J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol , vol.9 , pp. 1114-1116
    • Priori, S.G.1
  • 13
    • 0031735938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ks, absent from undiseased human ventricular myocardium?
    • Ks, absent from undiseased human ventricular myocardium? Cardiovasc Res. 40:1998;433-435.
    • (1998) Cardiovasc Res , vol.40 , pp. 433-435
    • Veldkamp, M.W.1
  • 14
    • 0343851058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of the delayed rectifier component Iks in dog ventricular muscle and Purkinje fiber repolarization
    • Varro A, Balati B, Iost N. The role of the delayed rectifier component Iks in dog ventricular muscle and Purkinje fiber repolarization. J Physiol. 523:2000;67-81.
    • (2000) J Physiol , vol.523 , pp. 67-81
    • Varro, A.1    Balati, B.2    Iost, N.3
  • 15
    • 0028881535 scopus 로고
    • Characteristics of the delayed rectifier current (IKr and IKs) in canine ventricular epicardial, midmyocardial, and endocardial myocytes. A weaker IKs contributes to the longer action potential of M cells
    • Liu DW, Antzelevitch C. Characteristics of the delayed rectifier current (IKr and IKs) in canine ventricular epicardial, midmyocardial, and endocardial myocytes. A weaker IKs contributes to the longer action potential of M cells. Circ Res. 76:1995;351-365.
    • (1995) Circ Res , vol.76 , pp. 351-365
    • Liu, D.W.1    Antzelevitch, C.2
  • 17
    • 4243562443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transient outward and delayed rectifier currents in canine atrium: Properties and role of isolation methods
    • Ye L, Feng J, Li GR, Nattel S. Transient outward and delayed rectifier currents in canine atrium: properties and role of isolation methods. Am J Physiol. 272:1996;H1292-H1301.
    • (1996) Am J Physiol , vol.272 , pp. 1292-H1301
    • Ye, L.1    Feng, J.2    Li, G.R.3    Nattel, S.4
  • 18
    • 0032979720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electrophysiological remodeling in hypertrophy and heart failure
    • Tomaselli GF, Marban E. Electrophysiological remodeling in hypertrophy and heart failure. Cardiovasc Res. 42:1999;270-283.
    • (1999) Cardiovasc Res , vol.42 , pp. 270-283
    • Tomaselli, G.F.1    Marban, E.2
  • 19
    • 0028082351 scopus 로고
    • Clinical relevance of cardiac arrhythmias generated by afterdepolarizations. Role of M cells in the generation of U waves, triggered activity and torsade de pointes
    • Antzelevitch C, Sicouri S. Clinical relevance of cardiac arrhythmias generated by afterdepolarizations. Role of M cells in the generation of U waves, triggered activity and torsade de pointes. J Am Coll Cardiol. 23:1994;259-277.
    • (1994) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.23 , pp. 259-277
    • Antzelevitch, C.1    Sicouri, S.2
  • 20
    • 0032979304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pause induced early afterdepolarizations in the long QT syndrome: A simulation study
    • Viswanathan PC, Rudy Y. Pause induced early afterdepolarizations in the long QT syndrome: a simulation study. Cardiovasc Res. 42:1999;530-542.
    • (1999) Cardiovasc Res , vol.42 , pp. 530-542
    • Viswanathan, P.C.1    Rudy, Y.2
  • 21
    • 0027771044 scopus 로고
    • Proarrhythmic effects of class III agent almokalant: Importance of infusion rate, QT dispersion and early after depolarizations
    • Carlsson L, Abrahamsson C, Andersson B, Duker G, Schiller-Lindhardt G. Proarrhythmic effects of class III agent almokalant: importance of infusion rate, QT dispersion and early after depolarizations. Cardiovasc Res. 27:1993;2186-2193.
    • (1993) Cardiovasc Res , vol.27 , pp. 2186-2193
    • Carlsson, L.1    Abrahamsson, C.2    Andersson, B.3    Duker, G.4    Schiller-Lindhardt, G.5
  • 22
    • 0031662969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acceleration-induced action potential prolongation and early afterdepolarizations
    • Burashnikov A, Antzelevitch C. Acceleration-induced action potential prolongation and early afterdepolarizations. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 9:1998;934-948.
    • (1998) J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol , vol.9 , pp. 934-948
    • Burashnikov, A.1    Antzelevitch, C.2
  • 23
    • 0029835964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The electrophysiological mechanism of ventricular arrhythmias in the long QT syndrome. Tridimensional mapping of activation and recovery patterns
    • El-Sherif N, Caref FB, Yin H, Restivo M. The electrophysiological mechanism of ventricular arrhythmias in the long QT syndrome. Tridimensional mapping of activation and recovery patterns. Circ Res. 79:1996;474-492.
    • (1996) Circ Res , vol.79 , pp. 474-492
    • El-Sherif, N.1    Caref, F.B.2    Yin, H.3    Restivo, M.4
  • 24
    • 0024359502 scopus 로고
    • Electrophysiological substrate for Torsade de pointes: Dispersion of refractoriness or early afterdepolarizations
    • Surawicz B. Electrophysiological substrate for Torsade de pointes: Dispersion of refractoriness or early afterdepolarizations. J Am Coll Cardiol. 14:1989;172-184.
    • (1989) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.14 , pp. 172-184
    • Surawicz, B.1
  • 25
    • 0030969538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of interventricular dispersion of repolarization in acquired torsade-de-pointes arrhythmias: Reversal by magnesium
    • Verduyn SC, Vos MA, Van der Zande J, Van der Hulst FF, Wellens HJJ. Role of interventricular dispersion of repolarization in acquired torsade-de-pointes arrhythmias: reversal by magnesium. Cardiovasc Res. 34:1997;453-463.
    • (1997) Cardiovasc Res , vol.34 , pp. 453-463
    • Verduyn, S.C.1    Vos, M.A.2    Van Der Zande, J.3    Van Der Hulst, F.F.4    Wellens, H.J.J.5
  • 26
    • 0032871348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The M cell: Its contribution to the ECG and to normal and abnormal electrical function of the heart
    • Antzelevitch C, Shimizu W, Yan GX. The M cell: Its contribution to the ECG and to normal and abnormal electrical function of the heart. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 10:1999;1124-1152.
    • (1999) J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol , vol.10 , pp. 1124-1152
    • Antzelevitch, C.1    Shimizu, W.2    Yan, G.X.3
  • 27
    • 0032480753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characteristics and distribution of M-cells in arterially perfused canine left ventricular wedge preparations
    • Yan G-X, Shimizu W, Antzelevitch C. Characteristics and distribution of M-cells in arterially perfused canine left ventricular wedge preparations. Circulation. 98:1998;1921-1927.
    • (1998) Circulation , vol.98 , pp. 1921-1927
    • Yan, G.-X.1    Shimizu, W.2    Antzelevitch, C.3
  • 28
    • 0022374026 scopus 로고
    • Variability of recovery of excitability in the normal canine and the ischaemic porcine heart
    • Janse MJ, Capucci A, Coronel R, Fabius MAW. Variability of recovery of excitability in the normal canine and the ischaemic porcine heart. Eur Heart J. 6:1985;41-50.
    • (1985) Eur Heart J , vol.6 , pp. 41-50
    • Janse, M.J.1    Capucci, A.2    Coronel, R.3    Fabius, M.A.W.4
  • 29
    • 0029844535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regional differences in electrophysiological properties of epicardium, midmyocardium, and endocardium. In vitro and in vivo correlations
    • Anyukhovsky EP, Sosunov EA, Rosen MR. Regional differences in electrophysiological properties of epicardium, midmyocardium, and endocardium. In vitro and in vivo correlations. Circulation. 94:1996;1981-1988.
    • (1996) Circulation , vol.94 , pp. 1981-1988
    • Anyukhovsky, E.P.1    Sosunov, E.A.2    Rosen, M.R.3
  • 30
    • 0033231798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of chronic treatment by amiodarone on transmural heterogeneity of canine ventricular repolarization in vivo: Interactions with acute sotalol
    • Merot J, Charpentier F, Poirier JM, Coutris J, Weissenburger J. Effects of chronic treatment by amiodarone on transmural heterogeneity of canine ventricular repolarization in vivo: Interactions with acute sotalol. Cardiovasc Res. 44:1999;303-314.
    • (1999) Cardiovasc Res , vol.44 , pp. 303-314
    • Merot, J.1    Charpentier, F.2    Poirier, J.M.3    Coutris, J.4    Weissenburger, J.5
  • 33
    • 0033378863 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inherited long QT syndromes. A paradigm for understanding arrhythmias
    • Roden DM, Spooner PM. Inherited long QT syndromes. A paradigm for understanding arrhythmias. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 10:1999;1664-1683.
    • (1999) J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol , vol.10 , pp. 1664-1683
    • Roden, D.M.1    Spooner, P.M.2
  • 34
    • 7144264410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electrocardiographic and clinical predictors of torsades de pointes induced by almokalant infusion in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation or flutter: A prospective study
    • Houltz B, Darpö B, Edvardsson N, Blomstrom P, Brachmann J, Crijns HJ, Jensen SM, Svernhage E, Vallin H, Swedberg K. Electrocardiographic and clinical predictors of torsades de pointes induced by almokalant infusion in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation or flutter: A prospective study. PACE. 21:1998;1044-1057.
    • (1998) PACE , vol.21 , pp. 1044-1057
    • Houltz, B.1    Darpö, B.2    Edvardsson, N.3    Blomstrom, P.4    Brachmann, J.5    Crijns, H.J.6    Jensen, S.M.7    Svernhage, E.8    Vallin, H.9    Swedberg, K.10
  • 36
    • 0033514263 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low penetrance in the long-QT syndrome: Clinical impact
    • Priori SG, Napolitano C, Schwartz PJ. Low penetrance in the long-QT syndrome: Clinical impact. Circulation. 99:1999;529-533.
    • (1999) Circulation , vol.99 , pp. 529-533
    • Priori, S.G.1    Napolitano, C.2    Schwartz, P.J.3
  • 37
    • 0032066007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Taking the 'idio' out of 'idiosyncratic': Predicting torsades de pointes
    • Roden DM. Taking the 'idio' out of 'idiosyncratic': Predicting torsades de pointes. PACE. 21:1998;1029-1034.
    • (1998) PACE , vol.21 , pp. 1029-1034
    • Roden, D.M.1
  • 38
    • 0019987461 scopus 로고
    • Polymorphous ventricular tachycardia associated with normal and long Q-T intervals
    • Soffer J, Dreifus LS, Michelson EL. Polymorphous ventricular tachycardia associated with normal and long Q-T intervals. Am J Cardiol. 49:1982;2021-2029.
    • (1982) Am J Cardiol , vol.49 , pp. 2021-2029
    • Soffer, J.1    Dreifus, L.S.2    Michelson, E.L.3
  • 39
    • 0018887087 scopus 로고
    • Paradoxic response to disopyramide and quinidine
    • Breithardt G, Seipel L, Haerten K. Paradoxic response to disopyramide and quinidine. Z Kardiol. 69:1980;556-561.
    • (1980) Z Kardiol , vol.69 , pp. 556-561
    • Breithardt, G.1    Seipel, L.2    Haerten, K.3
  • 40
    • 0019520290 scopus 로고
    • Torsade de pointes ventricular tachycardia. A complication of disopyramide shared with quinidine
    • Wald RW, Waxman MB, Colman JM. Torsade de pointes ventricular tachycardia. A complication of disopyramide shared with quinidine. J Electrocardiol. 14:1981;301-307.
    • (1981) J Electrocardiol , vol.14 , pp. 301-307
    • Wald, R.W.1    Waxman, M.B.2    Colman, J.M.3
  • 41
    • 0028792378 scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and proarrhythmic hazards of pharmacologic cardioversion of atrial fibrillation: Prospective comparison of sotalol versus quinidine
    • Hohnloser SH, van der Loo A, Baedeker F. Efficacy and proarrhythmic hazards of pharmacologic cardioversion of atrial fibrillation: Prospective comparison of sotalol versus quinidine. J Am Coll Cardiol. 26:1995;852-858.
    • (1995) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.26 , pp. 852-858
    • Hohnloser, S.H.1    Van Der Loo, A.2    Baedeker, F.3
  • 42
    • 0023505641 scopus 로고
    • The use of Xenopus oocytes for the study of ion channels
    • Dascal N. The use of Xenopus oocytes for the study of ion channels. Crit Rev Biochem. 22:1987;341-356.
    • (1987) Crit Rev Biochem , vol.22 , pp. 341-356
    • Dascal, N.1
  • 43
    • 0002919262 scopus 로고
    • Electrophysiological recordings from Xenopus oocytes
    • B. Sackmann, & E. Neher. New York: Plenum Press
    • Stühmer W, Parekh AB. Electrophysiological recordings from Xenopus oocytes. Sackmann B, Neher E. Single-Channel Recordings. 1995;341-356 Plenum Press, New York.
    • (1995) Single-Channel Recordings , pp. 341-356
    • Stühmer, W.1    Parekh, A.B.2
  • 44
    • 0004980368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gene transfer of membrane channel proteins
    • D.P. Zipes, & J. Jalife. Philadelphia: Saunders Company
    • Fishman GI, McDonald TV. Gene transfer of membrane channel proteins. Zipes DP, Jalife J. Cardiac Electrophysiology. From Cell to Bedside. 2000;58-66 Saunders Company, Philadelphia.
    • (2000) Cardiac Electrophysiology. From Cell to Bedside , pp. 58-66
    • Fishman, G.I.1    Mcdonald, T.V.2
  • 45
    • 0026748851 scopus 로고
    • Ibutilide, a new compound with potent class III antiarrhythmic activity, activates a slow inward Na+ current in guinea pig ventricular cells
    • Lee KS. Ibutilide, a new compound with potent class III antiarrhythmic activity, activates a slow inward Na+ current in guinea pig ventricular cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 262:1992;99-108.
    • (1992) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.262 , pp. 99-108
    • Lee, K.S.1
  • 46
    • 0024556795 scopus 로고
    • Early afterdepolarizations: Mechanism of induction and block. A role for L-type Ca2+ current
    • January CT, Riddle JM. Early afterdepolarizations: mechanism of induction and block. A role for L-type Ca2+ current. Circ Res. 64:1989;977-990.
    • (1989) Circ Res , vol.64 , pp. 977-990
    • January, C.T.1    Riddle, J.M.2
  • 47
    • 0028064619 scopus 로고
    • The novel class III antiarrhythmics NE-10064 and NE-10133 inhibit IsK channels expressed in Xenopus oocytes and IKs in guinea pig cardiac myocytes
    • Busch AE, Malloy K, Groh WJ, Varnum MD, Adelman JP, Maylie J. The novel class III antiarrhythmics NE-10064 and NE-10133 inhibit IsK channels expressed in Xenopus oocytes and IKs in guinea pig cardiac myocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 202:1994;265-270.
    • (1994) Biochem Biophys Res Commun , vol.202 , pp. 265-270
    • Busch, A.E.1    Malloy, K.2    Groh, W.J.3    Varnum, M.D.4    Adelman, J.P.5    Maylie, J.6
  • 48
    • 0031043338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential electrophysiology of repolarization from clone to clinic
    • Coronel R, Opthof T, Taggart P, Tygat J, Veldkamp M. Differential electrophysiology of repolarization from clone to clinic. Cardiovasc Res. 33:1997;503-517.
    • (1997) Cardiovasc Res , vol.33 , pp. 503-517
    • Coronel, R.1    Opthof, T.2    Taggart, P.3    Tygat, J.4    Veldkamp, M.5
  • 49
    • 0029794664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sex hormones prolong the QT interval and downregulate potassium channel expression in the rabbit heart
    • Drici MD, Burklow TR, Haridasse V, Glazer RI, Woosley RL. Sex hormones prolong the QT interval and downregulate potassium channel expression in the rabbit heart. Circulation. 94:1996;1471-1474.
    • (1996) Circulation , vol.94 , pp. 1471-1474
    • Drici, M.D.1    Burklow, T.R.2    Haridasse, V.3    Glazer, R.I.4    Woosley, R.L.5
  • 51
    • 0031663219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug related torsade de pointes in the isolated rabbit heart: Comparison of clofilium, d,l-sotalol and erythromycin
    • Eckardt L, Haverkamp W, Mertens H. Drug related torsade de pointes in the isolated rabbit heart: Comparison of clofilium, d,l-sotalol and erythromycin. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 32:1998;425-434.
    • (1998) J Cardiovasc Pharmacol , vol.32 , pp. 425-434
    • Eckardt, L.1    Haverkamp, W.2    Mertens, H.3
  • 53
    • 0031900006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clofilium in the isolated perfused rabbit heart: A new model to study proarrhythmia by class III antiarrhythmic drugs
    • Johna R, Mertens H, Haverkamp W. Clofilium in the isolated perfused rabbit heart: A new model to study proarrhythmia by class III antiarrhythmic drugs. Basic Res Cardiol. 93:1998;127-135.
    • (1998) Basic Res Cardiol , vol.93 , pp. 127-135
    • Johna, R.1    Mertens, H.2    Haverkamp, W.3
  • 55
    • 0030801806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electrophysiological characterization of the prokinetic agents cisapride and mosapride in vivo and in vitro: Implications for proarrhythmic potential?
    • Carlsson L, Amos GJ, Andersson B, Drews L, Duker G, Wadstedt G. Electrophysiological characterization of the prokinetic agents cisapride and mosapride in vivo and in vitro: Implications for proarrhythmic potential? J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 282:1997;220-227.
    • (1997) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.282 , pp. 220-227
    • Carlsson, L.1    Amos, G.J.2    Andersson, B.3    Drews, L.4    Duker, G.5    Wadstedt, G.6
  • 56
    • 0002218902 scopus 로고
    • Electrocardiography in toxicological studies
    • I.G. Sipes, C.A. McQueen, & A.J. Gandolfi. New York: Pergamon Press
    • Detweiler DK. Electrocardiography in toxicological studies. Sipes IG, McQueen CA, Gandolfi AJ. Comprehensive Toxicology. 1977;95-114 Pergamon Press, New York.
    • (1977) Comprehensive Toxicology , pp. 95-114
    • Detweiler, D.K.1
  • 57
    • 0025333776 scopus 로고
    • QTU-prolongation and torsades de pointes induced by putative class III antiarrhythmic agents in the rabbit: Etiology and interventions
    • Carlsson L, Almgren O, Duker G. QTU-prolongation and torsades de pointes induced by putative class III antiarrhythmic agents in the rabbit: Etiology and interventions. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 16:1990;276-285.
    • (1990) J Cardiovasc Pharmacol , vol.16 , pp. 276-285
    • Carlsson, L.1    Almgren, O.2    Duker, G.3
  • 58
    • 0029125160 scopus 로고
    • Mexiletine antagonizes effects of sotalol on QT interval duration and its proarrythmic effects in a canine model of torsade de pointes
    • Chezalviel-Guilbert F, Davy JM, Poirier JM, Weissenburger J. Mexiletine antagonizes effects of sotalol on QT interval duration and its proarrythmic effects in a canine model of torsade de pointes. J Am Coll Cardiol. 26:1995;787-792.
    • (1995) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.26 , pp. 787-792
    • Chezalviel-Guilbert, F.1    Davy, J.M.2    Poirier, J.M.3    Weissenburger, J.4
  • 59
    • 0026319641 scopus 로고
    • Arrhythmogenic activities of antiarrhythmic drugs in conscious hypokalemic dogs with atrioventricular block: Comparison between quinidine, lidocaine, flecainide, propranolol and sotalol
    • Weissenburger J, Davy JM, Chezalviel F. Arrhythmogenic activities of antiarrhythmic drugs in conscious hypokalemic dogs with atrioventricular block: Comparison between quinidine, lidocaine, flecainide, propranolol and sotalol. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 259:1991;871-883.
    • (1991) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.259 , pp. 871-883
    • Weissenburger, J.1    Davy, J.M.2    Chezalviel, F.3
  • 60
    • 0028890324 scopus 로고
    • Reproducible induction of early afterdepolarizations and torsade de pointes arrhythmias by d-sotalol and pacing in dogs with chronic atrioventricular block
    • Vos MA, Verduyn SC, Gorgels AP, Lipcsei GC, Wellens HJJ. Reproducible induction of early afterdepolarizations and torsade de pointes arrhythmias by d-sotalol and pacing in dogs with chronic atrioventricular block. Circulation. 91:1995;864-872.
    • (1995) Circulation , vol.91 , pp. 864-872
    • Vos, M.A.1    Verduyn, S.C.2    Gorgels, A.P.3    Lipcsei, G.C.4    Wellens, H.J.J.5
  • 61
    • 0032530525 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhanced susceptibility for acquired torsade de pointes arrhythmias in the dog with chronic, complete AV block is related to cardiac hypertrophy and electrical remodeling
    • Vos MA, de Groot SHM, Verduyn SC. Enhanced susceptibility for acquired torsade de pointes arrhythmias in the dog with chronic, complete AV block is related to cardiac hypertrophy and electrical remodeling. Circulation. 98:1998;1125-1135.
    • (1998) Circulation , vol.98 , pp. 1125-1135
    • Vos, M.A.1    De Groot, S.H.M.2    Verduyn, S.C.3
  • 63
    • 0027296372 scopus 로고
    • Measurement of the QT interval and the risk associated with QTc interval prolongation: A review
    • Moss AJ. Measurement of the QT interval and the risk associated with QTc interval prolongation: A review. Am J Cardiol. 72:1993;22B-3B.
    • (1993) Am J Cardiol , vol.72
    • Moss, A.J.1
  • 64
    • 0022198211 scopus 로고
    • Correction of the QT interval for heart rate: Review of different formulas and the use of Bazett's formula in myocardial infarction
    • Ahnve S. Correction of the QT interval for heart rate: Review of different formulas and the use of Bazett's formula in myocardial infarction. Am Heart J. 109:1985;568-574.
    • (1985) Am Heart J , vol.109 , pp. 568-574
    • Ahnve, S.1
  • 65
    • 0026722151 scopus 로고
    • An improved method for adjusting the QT interval for heart rate (the Framingham Heart Study)
    • Sagie A, Larson MG, Goldberg RJ, Bengtson JR, Levy D. An improved method for adjusting the QT interval for heart rate (the Framingham Heart Study). Am J Cardiol. 70:1992;797-801.
    • (1992) Am J Cardiol , vol.70 , pp. 797-801
    • Sagie, A.1    Larson, M.G.2    Goldberg, R.J.3    Bengtson, J.R.4    Levy, D.5
  • 66
    • 0032708361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Optimum' formulae for heart rate correction of the QT interval
    • Hnatkova K, Malik M. 'Optimum' formulae for heart rate correction of the QT interval. PACE. 22:1999;1683-1687.
    • (1999) PACE , vol.22 , pp. 1683-1687
    • Hnatkova, K.1    Malik, M.2
  • 67
    • 0027468346 scopus 로고
    • Terfenadine-ketoconazole interaction. Pharmacokinetic and electrocardiographic consequences
    • 18
    • Honig, PK, Wortham, DC, Zamani, K, Conner, DP, Mullin, JC, Cantilena, LR, Terfenadine-ketoconazole interaction. Pharmacokinetic and electrocardiographic consequences. JAMA, 1993, 269, 1513, 18.
    • (1993) JAMA , vol.269 , pp. 1513
    • Honig, P.K.1    Wortham, D.C.2    Zamani, K.3    Conner, D.P.4    Mullin, J.C.5    Cantilena, L.R.6
  • 68
    • 0031466571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic drug interactions with antiarrhythmic agents
    • Bauman JL, Sanoski CA, Chan LN. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic drug interactions with antiarrhythmic agents. Cardiol Rev. 5:1997;292-304.
    • (1997) Cardiol Rev , vol.5 , pp. 292-304
    • Bauman, J.L.1    Sanoski, C.A.2    Chan, L.N.3
  • 69
    • 0029883856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dose-response relation between terfenadine (Seldane) and the QTc interval on the scalar electrocardiogram: Distinguishing a drug effect from spontaneous variability
    • Pratt CM, Ruberg S, Morganroth J, McNutt B, Woodward J, Harris S, Ruskin J, Moye L. Dose-response relation between terfenadine (Seldane) and the QTc interval on the scalar electrocardiogram: Distinguishing a drug effect from spontaneous variability. Am Heart J. 131:1996;472-480.
    • (1996) Am Heart J , vol.131 , pp. 472-480
    • Pratt, C.M.1    Ruberg, S.2    Morganroth, J.3    Mcnutt, B.4    Woodward, J.5    Harris, S.6    Ruskin, J.7    Moye, L.8
  • 70
    • 0029968234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacies and prevention of potentially fatal drug interactions
    • Cavuto NJ, Woosley RL, Sale M, Bates DW, Leape LL. Pharmacies and prevention of potentially fatal drug interactions. JAMA. 275:1996;1086-1087.
    • (1996) JAMA , vol.275 , pp. 1086-1087
    • Cavuto, N.J.1    Woosley, R.L.2    Sale, M.3    Bates, D.W.4    Leape, L.L.5
  • 71
    • 0029925607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of terfenadine and contraindicated drugs
    • Thompson D, Oster G. Use of terfenadine and contraindicated drugs. JAMA, 275:1996;1339-1341.
    • (1996) JAMA , vol.275 , pp. 1339-1341
    • Thompson, D.1    Oster, G.2
  • 72
    • 0004962669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Janssen Propulsid Prescribing For Inpatients Questioned in Three Studies'
    • Anonymous
    • Anonymous, 'Janssen Propulsid Prescribing For Inpatients Questioned in Three Studies'. F-D-C Report 'The Pink Sheet' 1998, 60, 26.
    • (1998) F-D-C Report 'The Pink Sheet' , vol.60 , pp. 26
  • 74
    • 0025164907 scopus 로고
    • Class III antiarrhythmic agents have a lot of potential but a long way to go. Reduced effectiveness and dangers of reverse use dependence
    • Hondeghem LM, Snyders DJ. Class III antiarrhythmic agents have a lot of potential but a long way to go. Reduced effectiveness and dangers of reverse use dependence. Circulation. 81:1990;686-690.
    • (1990) Circulation , vol.81 , pp. 686-690
    • Hondeghem, L.M.1    Snyders, D.J.2
  • 75
    • 0027515633 scopus 로고
    • Female gender as a risk factor for torsade de pointes associated with cardiovascular drugs
    • Makkar RR, Fromm BS, Steinman RT, Leissner MD, Lehmann MH. Female gender as a risk factor for torsade de pointes associated with cardiovascular drugs. JAMA. 270:1993;2547-2590.
    • (1993) JAMA , vol.270 , pp. 2547-2590
    • Makkar, R.R.1    Fromm, B.S.2    Steinman, R.T.3    Leissner, M.D.4    Lehmann, M.H.5
  • 76
    • 0031836945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gender differences in the cycle-length dependent QT and potassium currents in rabbits
    • Liu X-K, Katchman A, Drici M-D. Gender differences in the cycle-length dependent QT and potassium currents in rabbits. J Pharm Exp Ther. 285:1998;672-679.
    • (1998) J Pharm Exp Ther , vol.285 , pp. 672-679
    • Liu, X.-K.1    Katchman, A.2    Drici, M.-D.3
  • 77
    • 85047680399 scopus 로고
    • Triggered activity and automaticity in ventricular trabeculae of failing human and rabbit hearts
    • Vermeulen JT, McGuire MA, Opthof T. Triggered activity and automaticity in ventricular trabeculae of failing human and rabbit hearts. Cardiovasc Res. 28:1994;1547-1554.
    • (1994) Cardiovasc Res , vol.28 , pp. 1547-1554
    • Vermeulen, J.T.1    Mcguire, M.A.2    Opthof, T.3
  • 78
    • 0029761822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HERG, a primary human ventricular target of the nonsedating antihistamine terfenadine
    • Roy M, Dumaine R, Brown AM. HERG, a primary human ventricular target of the nonsedating antihistamine terfenadine. Circulation. 94:1996;817-823.
    • (1996) Circulation , vol.94 , pp. 817-823
    • Roy, M.1    Dumaine, R.2    Brown, A.M.3
  • 79
    • 0030298223 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Frequency-dependent electrophysiological properties of ventricular repolarization in patients with congenital long QT syndrome
    • Hirao H, Shimizu W, Kurita T. Frequency-dependent electrophysiological properties of ventricular repolarization in patients with congenital long QT syndrome. J Am Coll Cardiol. 28:1996;1269-1277.
    • (1996) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.28 , pp. 1269-1277
    • Hirao, H.1    Shimizu, W.2    Kurita, T.3
  • 80
    • 0032080556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of epinephrine and phenylephrine of QT interval dispersion in congenital long QT syndrome
    • Sun Z-H, Swan H, Viitasalo M, Toivonen L. Effects of epinephrine and phenylephrine of QT interval dispersion in congenital long QT syndrome. J Am Coll Cardiol. 31:1998;1400-1405.
    • (1998) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.31 , pp. 1400-1405
    • Sun, Z.-H.1    Swan, H.2    Viitasalo, M.3    Toivonen, L.4
  • 81
    • 0344863069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular basis for the ECG features of the LQT1 form of the long-QT syndrome. Effects of beta-adrenergic agonists and antagonists and sodium channel blockers on transmural dispersion of repolarization and torsade de pointes
    • Shimizu W, Antzelevitch C. Cellular basis for the ECG features of the LQT1 form of the long-QT syndrome. Effects of beta-adrenergic agonists and antagonists and sodium channel blockers on transmural dispersion of repolarization and torsade de pointes. Circulation. 98:1998;2314-2322.
    • (1998) Circulation , vol.98 , pp. 2314-2322
    • Shimizu, W.1    Antzelevitch, C.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.