Elevated phenotypic switching and drug resistance of Candida albicans from human immunodeficiency virus-positive individuals prior to first thrush episode

Journal of Clinical Microbiology

Volumn 38, Issue 10, 2000, Pages 3595-3607

  Vargas, K ^a   Messer, S A ^a   Pfaller, M ^a   Lockhart, S R ^a   Stapleton, J T ^a   Hellstein, J ^a   Soll, D R ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF IOWA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMPHOTERICIN B; ANTIFUNGAL AGENT; CLOTRIMAZOLE; FLUCONAZOLE; FLUCYTOSINE; NYSTATIN; PROTEINASE; VORICONAZOLE;

ARTICLE; CANDIDA ALBICANS; CONTROLLED STUDY; DRUG RESISTANCE; DRUG SENSITIVITY; ENZYME ACTIVITY; FEMALE; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MINIMUM INHIBITORY CONCENTRATION; PHENOTYPE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; THRUSH;

CANDIDA ALBICANS; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS; RNA VIRUSES;

EID: 0033771108     PISSN: 00951137     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1128/jcm.38.10.3595-3607.2000     Document Type: Article

References (68)

1. Ultrastructure and antigenicity of the unique cell wall 'pimple' of the Candida opaque phenotype
2. Characterization and partial sequence of the fingerprinting probe Ca3 of Candida albicans
3. The unique phenotype of opaque cells in the 'white-opaque transition' in Candida albicans
4. The Candida albicans CDR3 gene codes for an opaque-phase ABC transporter
5. Fluconazole susceptibility and strain variation of Candida albicans isolates from HIV-infected patients with oropharyngeal candidosis
6. Variation in fluconazole efficacy for Candida albicans strains sequentially isolated from oral cavities of patients with AIDS in an experimental murine candidiasis model
7. The effects of low concentrations of zinc on the growth and dimorphism of Candida albicans: Evidence for zinc-resistant and zinc-sensitive pathways for mycelium formation
8. Genetic dissimilarity of two fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans strains causing meningitis and oral candidiasis in the same AIDS patient
9. Clinically significant azole cross-resistance in Candida isolates from HIV-positive patients with oral candidosis
10. Elevated aspartic proteinase secretion and experimental pathogenicity of Candida albicans isolates from oral cavities of subjects infected with human immunodeficiency virus
11. Change in fluconazole susceptibility patterns and genetic relationship among oral Candida albicans isolates
12. Phenotypic switching in Cryptococcus neoformans results in changes in cellular morphology and glucuronoxylomannan structure
13. Reduced azole susceptibility of oral isolates of Candida albicans from HIV-positive patients and a derivative exhibiting colony morphology variation
14. A complementation analysis by parasexual recombination of Candida albicans morphological mutants
15. Phenotypic switching in the human pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans is associated with changes in virulence and pulmonary inflammatory response in rodents
16. Genetic similarity and phenotypic diversity of commensal and pathogenic strains of Candida albicans isolated from the oral cavity
17. Expression of seven members of the gene family encoding aspartyl proteinases in Candida albicans
18. Increased phenotypic switching in strains of Candida albicans associated with invasive infections
19. Variation in adhesion and cell surface hydrophobicity in Candida albicans white and opaque phenotypes
20. Effects of neutrophils and in vitro oxidants on survival and phenotypic switching of Candida albicans WO-1
21. Misexpression of the opaque phase-specific gene PEPI (SAPI) in the white phase of Candida albicans enhances growth in serum and virulence in a cutaneous model
22. Misexpression of the white phase-specific gene WHII in the opaque phase of Candida albicans affects switching and virulence
23. High prevalence of antifungal resistance in Candida spp. from patients with AIDS
24. Fluconazole- and itraconazole-resistant Candida albicans strains from AIDS patients: Multilocus enzyme electrophoresis analysis and antifungal susceptibilities
25. Colonizing populations of Candida albicans are clonal in origin but undergo microevolution through C1 fragment reorganization as demonstrated by DNA fingerprinting and C1 sequencing
26. Development and verification of fingerprinting probes for Candida glabrata
27. Defenses against oral Candida carriage break down in the elderly
28. Elucidating the origins of nosocomial infections with Candida albicans by DNA fingerprinting with the complex probe Ca3
29. Identification and expression of multidrug transporters responsible for fluconazole resistance in Candida dubliniensis
30. Regulation of phase-specific genes in the more general switching system of Candida albicans strain 3153A
31. Coordinate regulation of two opaque-specific genes during white-opaque switching in Candida albicans
32. Transcription of the gene for a pepsinogen, PEP1, is regulated by white-opaque switching in Candida albicans
33. CHROMagar Candida, a new differential isolation medium for presumptive identification of clinically important Candida species
34. Increased expression of Candida albicans secretory proteinase, a putative virulence factor, in isolates from human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients
35. Adherence of Candida albicans strains isolated from AIDS patients. Comparison with pathogenic yeasts isolated from patients without HIV infection
36. Nosocomial candidiasis: Emerging species, reservoirs, and modes of transmission
37. Quality control guidelines for National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards
38. Comparison of visual and spectrophotometric methods of MIC endpoint determination by using broth microdilution methods to test five antifungal agents, including the new triazole DO870
39. Variations in fluconazole susceptibility and electrophoretic karyotype among oral isolates of Candida albicans from patients with AIDS and oral candidiasis
40. Parity of MLEE, RAPD, and Ca3 hybridization as fingerprinting methods for Candida albicans
41. Microevolutionary changes in Candida albicans identified by the complex Ca3 finger-printing probe involve insertions and deletions of the full-length repetitive sequence RPS at specific genomic sites
42. Resistance of Candida albicans to fluconazole during treatment of oropharyngeal candidiasis in a patient with AIDS: Documentation by in vitro susceptibility testing and DNA subtype analysis
43. Quality control guidelines for National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards
44. Telomeric and dispersed repeat sequences in Candida yeasts and their use in strain identification
45. Amino acid substitutions in the cytochrome P-450 ianosterol 14α-demethylase 9CYP51A1 from azole-resistant Candida albicans clinical isolates contribute to resistance to azole antifungal agents
46. Application of DNA typing methods to epidemiology and taxonomy of Candida species
47. Genetic similarity and maintenance of Candida albicans strains in a group of AIDS patients demonstrated by DNA fingerprinting
48. Computer-assisted methods for assessing Candida albicans strain relatedness by Southern blot hybridization with repetitive sequence Ca3
49. High frequency 'switching' of colony morphology in Candida albicans
50. 'White-opaque transition': A second high-frequency switching system in Candida albicans
51. High-frequency switching in Candida albicans
52. The emerging molecular biology of switching in Candida albicans
53. Gene regulation during high frequency switching in Candida albicans
54. The 'ins and outs' of DNA fingerprinting the infectious fungi
55. The molecular biology of switching in Candida
56. The developmental biology of the white-opaque transition in Candida albicans
57. 'Switching' of Candida albicans during successive episodes of recurrent vaginitis
58. High-frequency switching in Candida strains isolated from vaginitis patients
59. Multiple Candida strains in the course of a single systemic infection
60. Control of white-opaque phenotypic switching in Candida albicans by the Efg1 morphogenetic regulator
61. A white-specific gene in the white-opaque switching system of Candida albicans
62. The two-component hybrid kinase regulator CaNIK1 of Candida albicans
63. EFGI null mutant of Candida albicans can switch but cannot suppress the complete phenotype of white budding cells
64. Serum proteins as nitrogen source for yeast-like fungi
65. Candida albicans isolates from HIV-infected and AIDS patients exhibit enhanced adherence to epithelial cells
66. Differences in adhesion of Candida albicans 3153A cells exhibiting switch phenotypes of buccal epithelium and stratum corneum
67. Three distinct secreted aspartyl proteinases in Candida albicans