Gene regulation during high-frequency switching in Candida albicans

Microbiology

Volumn 143, Issue 2, 1997, Pages 279-288

  Soll, David R ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF IOWA   (United States)

Author keywords

Candida albicans; Gene regulation; Phenotypic switching; Promoter analysis; RLUC reporter

Indexed keywords

TRANS ACTING FACTOR;

CANDIDA ALBICANS; DEVELOPMENTAL GENETICS; GENE CONTROL; GENE SWITCHING; NONHUMAN; PHENOTYPE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROMOTER REGION; REVIEW;

CANDIDA ALBICANS;

EID: 0031042323     PISSN: 13500872     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1099/00221287-143-2-279     Document Type: Review

References (72)

1. Anderson, J. M. & Soll, D. R. (1987). Unique phenotype of opaque cells in the white-opaque transition of Candida albicans. J Bacteriol 169, 5579-5588.
2. Anderson, J. M., Cundiff, L., Schnars, B., Gao, M., Mackenzie, I. & Soll, D. R. (1989). Hypha formation in the white-opaque transition of Candida albicans. Infect Immun 57, 458-467.
3. Anderson, J. M., Mihalik, K. & Soll, D. R. (1990). Ultrastructure and antigenicity of the unique cell and pimple of the Candida opaque phenotype. J Bacteriol 172, 224-235.
4. Aparicho, O. M., Billington, B. C. & Gottschling, D. E. (1991). Modifiers of position effects are shared between telomeric and silent mating-type loci in S. cerevisiae. Cell 66, 1279-1287.
5. Au-Young, J. & Robbins, P. W. (1990). Isolation of a chitin synthase gene (CHS1) from Candida albicans by expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Microbiol 4, 197-207.
6. Barbour, A. (1989). Antigenic variation in relapsing fever Borrelia species: genetic aspects. In Mobile DNA, pp. 783-790. Edited by D. E. Berg & M. M. Howe. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology.
7. Bergen, M. S., Voss, E. & Soll, D. R. (1990). Switching at the cellular level in the white-opaque transition of Candida albicans. J Gen Microbiol 136, 1925-1936.
8. Birse, C. E., Irwin, M. Y., Fonzi, W. A. & Sypherd, P.S. (1993). Cloning and characterization of ECE1, a gene expressed in association with cell elongation of the dimorphic pathogen Candida albicans. Infect Immun 61, 3648-3655.
9. Brown-Thomsen, J. (1968). Variability in Candida albicans (Robin) Berkhous. Hereditas 60, 335-398.
10. Cavallini, B., Huet, J., Plassat, J. L., Sentenac, A., Egly, J. M. & Chambom, P. (1988). A yeast activity can substitute for the Hela cell TATA box factor. Nature 334, 77-80.
11. Chodosh, L. A., Olesen, J., Hahn, S., Baldwin, A. S., Guarente, L. & Sharp, P. A. (1988). A yeast and a human CCAAT-binding protein have heterologous subunits that are functionally interchangeable. Cell 53, 25-35.
12. Chu, W.-S., Rikkerink, E. H. A. & Magee, P. T. (1992). Genetics of the white-opaque transition in Candida albicans: demonstration of switching recessivity and mapping of switching genes. J Bacteriol 174, 2951-2957.
13. Donelson, J. E. (1989). DNA rearrangements and antigenic variation in African trypanosomes. In Mobile DNA, pp. 763-782. Edited by D. E. Berg & M. M. Howe. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology.
14. Gallagher, P. J., Bennett, D. E., Henman, M. C., Russell, R. J., Flint, S. R., Shanley, D. B. & Coleman, D. C. (1992). Reduced azole susceptibility of oral isolates of Candida albicans from HIV-positive patients and a derivative exhibiting colony morphology variation. J Gen Microbiol 138, 1901-1911.
15. Ghannoum, M. A., Swairjo, I. & Soll, D. R. (1990). Variation in lipid and sterol contents in Candida albicans white and opaque phenotypes. J Med Vet Mycol 28, 103-117.
16. Gil, C., Pomés, R. & Nombela, C. (1988). A complementation analysis by parasexual recombination of Candida albicans morphological mutants. J Gen Microbiol 134, 1587-1595.
17. Glasgow, A. C., Hughes, K. T. & Simon, M. I. (1989). Bacterial DNA inversion systems. In Mobile DNA, pp. 637-660. Edited by D. E. Berg & M. M. Howe. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology.
18. Goshorn, A. K. & Scherer, S. (1989). Genetic analysis of prototropic natural variants of Candida albicans. Genetics 123, 667-673.
19. Gow, N. A. R., Robbins, P. W., Lester, J. W., Brown, A. J. P., Fonzi, W. A., Chapman, T. & Kinsman, O. K. (1994). A hyphal-specific chitin synthase gene (CHS2) is not essential for growth, dimorphism or virulence of Candida albicans. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91, 6216-6220.
20. Gow, N. A. R., Hube, B., Bailey, D. A., Schofield, D. A., Munro, C., Swoboda, R. K., Bertram, G., Westwater, C., Broadbent, I., Smith, R. J., Gooday, G. W. & Brown, A. J. P. (1995). Genes associated with dimorphism and virulence of Candida albicans. Can J Bot 73 (Suppl. 1), S335-S342.
21. Hellstein, J., Vawter-Hugart, H., Fotos, P., Schmid, J. & Soll, D. R. (1993). Genetic similarity and phenotypic diversity of commensal and pathogenic strains of Candida albicans isolated from the oral cavity. J Clin Microbiol 31, 3190-3199.
22. Hube, B., Turner, C. J., Odds, F. C., Eiffert, H., Boulnois, G. J., Kochel, H. & Ruschel, R. (1991). Sequence of the Candida albicans gene encoding the secretory aspartate proteinase. J Med Vet Mycol 29, 129-132.
23. Hube, B., Monod, M., Schofield, D. A., Brown, A. J. P. & Gow, N. A. R. (1994). Expression of seven members of the gene family encoding secretory aspartyl proteinases in Candida albicans. Mol Microbiol 14, 87-99.
24. Iwaguchi, S.-I., Homma, M. & Tanaka, K. (1992). Clonal variation of chromosome size derived from the rDNA cluster region in Candida albicans. J Gen Microbiol 138, 1177-1184.
25. Jones, S., White, G. & Hunter, P. R. (1994). Increased phenotypic switching in strains of Candida albicans associated with invasive infections. J Clin Microbiol 32, 2869-2870.
26. Kennedy, M. J., Rogers, A. L., Hanselman, L. R., Soll, D. R. & Yancey, R. J. (1988). Variation in adhesion and cell surface hydrophobicity in Candida albicans white and opaque phenotypes. Mycopathologia 102, 149-156.
27. Kolotila, M. P. & Diamond, R. D. (1990). Effects of neutrophils and in vitro oxidants on survival and phenotypic switching of Candida albicans WO-1. Infect Immun 58, 1174-1179.
28. Liu, H., Kohler, J. & Fink, G. R. (1994). Suppression of hyphal formation in Candida albicans by mutation of a STE12 homolog. Science 266, 1723-1726.
29. Lorenz, W. W., McCann, R. O., Longiaru, M. & Cormier, M. J. (1991). Isolation and expression of a cDNA encoding Renilla reniformis luciferase. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 88, 4438-4442.
30. Mackinnon, J. E. (1940). Dissociation in Candida albicans. J Infect Dis 66/67, 59-77.
31. Merz, W. G., Connelly, C. & Hieter, P. (1988). Variation of electrophoretic karyotypes among clinical isolates of Candida albicans. J Clin Microbiol 26, 842-845.
32. Morrow, B., Srikantha, T. & Soll, D. R. (1992). Transcription of the gene for a pepsinogen, PEP1, is regulated by white-opaque switching in Candida albicans. Mol Cell Biol 12, 2997-3005.
33. Morrow, B., Srikantha, T., Andersen, J. & Soll, D. R. (1993). Coordinate regulation of two opaque-phase-specific genes during white-opaque switching in Candida albicans. Infect Immun 61, 1823-1828.
34. Morrow, B., Ramsey, H. & Soll, D. R. (1994). Regulation of phase-specific genes in the more general switching system of Candida albicans strain 3153A. J Med Vet Mycol 32, 287-294.
35. Negroni, P. (1935). Variacion bacia et tipo R de Mycotorula albicans. Rev Soc Argent Biol 11, 449-453.
36. Odds, F. C. & Merson-Davies, L. A. (1989). Colony variations in Candida species. Mycoses 32, 275-282.
37. Ohama, T., Suzuki, T., Mori, M., Osawa, S., Uega, T., Watanabe, K. & Nakase, T. (1993). Non-universal decoding of the leucine codon CUG in several Candida species. Nucleic Acids Res 21, 4039-4045.
38. Paonessa, G., Gounori, F., Frank, R. & Cortese, R. (1988). Purification of a NF1-like DNA-binding protein from rat liver and cloning of a corresponding cDNA. EMBO J 7, 3115-3123.
39. Pilus, L. & Rine, J. (1989). Epigenetic inheritance of transcription states of S. cerevisiae. Cell 59, 637-647.
40. Pomés, R., Gil, C. & Nombela, C. (1985). Genetic analysis of Candida albicans morphological mutants. J Gen Microbiol 131, 2107-2113.
41. Praekelt, U. M. & Meacock, P. A. (1990). HAP12, a new small heat shock gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: analysis of structure, regulation and function. Mol Gen Genet 223, 97-106.
42. Ramsey, H., Morrow, B. & Soll, D. R. (1994). An increase in switching frequency correlates with an increase in recombination of the ribosomal chromosomes of Candida albicans strain 3153A. Microbiology 140, 1525-1531.
43. Rikkerink, E. H. A., Magee, B. B. & Magee, P. T. (1988). Opaque-white phenotype transition: a programmed morphological transition in Candida albicans. J Bacteriol 170, 895-899.
44. Rustchenko-Bulgac, E., Sherman, F. & Hicks, J. B. (1990). Chromosomal rearrangements associated with morphological mutants provide a means for genetic variation in Candida albicans. J Bacteriol 172, 1276-1283.
45. Sadhu, C., Hoekstra, D., McEachern, M. J., Reed, S. I. & Hicks, J. B. (1992). A G-protein alpha subunit from asexual Candida albicans functions in the mating signal transduction pathway of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and is regulated by the a1-alpha 2 repressor. Mol Cell Biol 12, 1977-1985.
46. Santos, M., Colthurst, D. R., Wills, N., McLaughlin, C. S. & Tuite, M. F. (1990). Efficient translation of the UAG termination codon in Candida species. Curr Genet 17, 487-491.
47. Santos, M. A., Keith, G. & Tuite, M. F. (1993). Non-standard translocational events in Candida albicans mediated by an unusual seryl-tRNA with a 5′-CAG-3′ (leucine) anticodon. EMBO J 12, 607-616.
48. Saporito-Irwin, S. M., Birse, C. E., Sypherd, P. S. & Fonzi, W. A. (1995). PHR1, a pH-regulated gene of Candida albicans, is required for morphogenesis. Mol Cell Biol 15, 601-613.
49. Scherer, A. & Stevens, D. A. (1988). A Candida albicans dispersed, repeated gene family and its epidemiologic applications. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 85, 1452-1456.
50. Schröppel, K., Srikantha, T., Wessels, D., DeCock, M., Lockhart, S. R. & Soll, D. R. (1996). Cytplasmic localization of the white phase-specific WH11 gene product of Candida albicans. Microbiology 142, 2245-2254.
51. Shore, D. & Nasmyth, K. (1987). Purification and cloning of DNA binding protein from yeast that binds to both silencer and activator elements. Cell 52, 721-732.
52. Singh, P., Ganesan, K., Malathi, K., Ghosh, D. & Datta, A. (1994). ACPR, a STE12 homologue from Candida albicans, is a strong inducer of pseudohyphae in Saccharomyces cerevisiae haploids and diploids. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 205, 1079-1085.
53. Slutsky, B., Buffo, J. & Soll, D. R. (1985). High frequency switching of colony morphology in Candida albicans. Science 230, 666-669.
54. Slutsky, B., Staebell, M., Anderson, J., Risen, J., Pfaller, J. & Soll, D. R. (1987). 'White-opaque transition': a second high-frequency switching system in Candida albicans. J Bacteriol 169, 189-197.
55. Soll, D. R. (1992). High-frequency switching in Candida albicans. Clin Microbiol Rev 5, 183-203.
56. Soll, D. R., Langtimm, C. J., McDowell, J., Hicks, J. & Galask, R. (1987). High-frequency switching in Candida strains isolated from vaginitis patients. J Clin Microbiol 25, 1611-1622.
57. Soll, D. R., Galask, R., Isley, S., Rao, T. V. G., Stone, D., Hicks, J., Schmid, J., Mac, K. & Hanna, C. (1989). 'Switching' of Candida albicans during successive episodes of recurrent vaginitis. J Clin Microbiol 27, 681-690.
58. Soll, D. R., Anderson, J. & Bergen, M. (1991). The developmental biology of the white-opaque transition in Candida albicans. In The Molecular Biology of Candida albicans, pp. 20-45. Edited by R. Prasad. Berlin: Springer.
59. Soll, D. R., Srikantha, T., Morrow, B., Chandrasekhar, A., Schröppel, K. & Lockhart, S. (1995). Gene regulation in the white-opaque transition of Candida albicans. Can J Bot 73 (Suppl. 1), S1049-S1057.
60. Soll, D. R., Srikantha, T., Schröppel, K. & Lockhart, S. (1997). Candida switching and pathogenesis: functional characterization of the promoters of phase-specific genes and development of a bioluminescent reporter system. In Host-Fungus Interplay. Edited by D. Stevens, H. Vander Borsche & F. Odds. Bethesda, MD: National Foundation for Infectious Diseases (in press).
61. Srikantha, T. & Soll, D. R. (1993). A white-specific gene in the white-opaque switching system of Candida albicans. Gene 131, 53-60.
62. Srikantha, T., Chandrasekhar, A. & Soll, D. R. (1995a). Functional analysis of the promoter of the phase-specific WH11 gene of Candida albicans. Mol Cell Biol 15, 1797-1805.
63. Srikantha, T., Morrow, B., Schröppel, K. & Soll, D. R. (1995b). The frequency of integrative transformation at phase-specific genes of Candida albicans correlates with the transcriptional state. Mol Gen Genet 246, 342-352.
64. Srikantha, T., Klapach, A., Lorenz, W. W., Tsai, L. K., Laughlin L. A., Gorman, J. & Soll, D. R. (1996). The sea pansey Renilla reniformis luciferase serves as a sensitive bioluminescent reporter for differential gene expression in Candida albicans. J Bacteriol 178, 121-129.
65. Stone, R. L. Matarese, B. B., Magee, P. T. & Bernlohr, D. A. (1990) Cloning, sequencing and chromosomal assignment of a gene from Saccharomyces cerevisiae which is negatively regulated by glucose and positively by lipids. Gene 96, 171-176.
66. Swanson, J. & Koomey, J. M. (1989). Mechanisms for variation of pili and outer membrane protein II in Neisseria gonorrhoea. In Mobile DNA, pp. 743-762. Edited by D. E. Berg & M. M. Howe. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology.
67. Tuite, M. F., Bossier, P. & Fitch, T. (1988). A highly conserved sequence in yeast heat shock gene promoters. Nucleic Acids Res 16, 11845.
68. Vargas, K., Wertz, P. W., Drake, D., Morrow, B. & Soll, D. R. (1994). Differences in adhesion of Candida albicans 3153A cells exhibiting switch phenotypes to buccal epithelium and stratum corneum. Infect Immun 62, 1328-1335.
69. Vincent, C. A. & Struhl, K. (1992). ACR1, a yeast ATF/CREB repressor. Mol Cell Biol 12, 5394-5405.
70. Vogel, R. A. & Sponeler, R. S. (1970). The study and significance of colony dissociation in Candida albicans. Sabouraudia 7, 273-278.
71. de Wet, J. R., Wood, D. V., DeLuca, M., Helsinki, D. R. & Subramani, S. (1987). Firefly luciferase gene: structure and expression in mammalian cells. Mol Cell Biol 7, 725-737.
72. White, T. C., Miyasaki, S. H. & Agabian, N. (1993). Three distinct secreted aspartyl proteinases in Candida albicans. J Bacteriol 175, 6126-6133.