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We are grateful to D. Roskamp and R. Roskamp for their generous support, which made this work possible. We thank T. Reading for his support. R.A.F. is an investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. We thank P. Ricciardi-Castagnoli for providing the murine microglial cell lines (N9), J.-Y. Bonnefoy for providing the human CD40L, H. Yu for assistance in maintaining the CD40L-deficient mice, and A. Placzek for assistance in mice genotyping.
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