Chemoresistance in ovarian cancer. State of art and perspectives;La chemioresistenza nel carcinoma dell'ovaio

Minerva Ginecologica

Volumn 51, Issue 12, 1999, Pages 483-499

  Katsaros, D ^a   Fracchioli, S ^a   Arese, P ^a   Enria, R ^a   Cassinelli, P ^a   Mingrone, K ^a   Piccinno, R ^a   De la Longrais, L A Rigault ^a   Massobrio, M ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

Drug resistance, multiple; Drug resistance, neoplasm; Ovarian neoplasms

Indexed keywords

CISPLATIN; CYCLOSPORIN;

CHEMOTHERAPY; DRUG DOSE; FEMALE; GENE THERAPY; HUMAN; MEDICAL INFORMATION; OVARY CANCER; REVIEW;

ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS; APOPTOSIS; CELL CYCLE; DRUG RESISTANCE, NEOPLASM; FEMALE; FORECASTING; HUMANS; OVARIAN NEOPLASMS; TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEIN P53;

EID: 0033502275     PISSN: 00264784     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (174)

1. Stewart LA, Guthrie D, Parmar MK, Williams CJ. Chemotherapy in advanced ovarian cancer [letter; comment]. BMJ 1992;304(6819):119.
2. Morgan MA, Ruhin SC. Secondary cytoreduction in epithelial ovarian cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 1995; 18(1): 1-8.
3. McGuire WP, Hoskins WJ, Brady MF. Cyclophosphamide and cisplatin compared with paclitaxel and cisplatin in patients with stage III and stage IV ovarian cancer [see comments]. N Engl J Med 1996;334(1):1-6.
4. Benarc J, Rixe O. Resistance to anticancer drugs. Presse Med 1996;25(35):1724-30.
5. Dicato M, Duhem C, Pauly M, Ries F. Multidrug resistance molecular and clinical aspects. Cytokines Cell Mol Ther 1997;3(2):91-9.
6. Chin JE, Soffir R, Noonan KE, Choi K, Roninson IB. Structure and expression of the human MDR (P-glycoprotein) gene family. Mol Cell Biol 1989;9(9): 3808-20.
7. Ling V, Charles F. Kettering Prize. P-glycoprotein and resistance to anticancer drugs. Cancer 1992;69(10): 2603-9.
8. Callen DF, Baker E, Simmers RN. Seshadri R, Roninson IB. Localization of the human multiple drug resistance gene, MDR1, to 7q21.1. Hum Genet 1987;77(2):142-4.
9. Ueda K, Cardarelli C, Gottesman MM, Pastan I. Expression of a full-length cDNA for the human "MDR1" gene confers resistance to colchicine, doxorubicin, and vinblastine. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1987;84(9):3004-8.
10. Neijt JP, Ten Bokkel Huinink WW, Van der Burg ME. Long-term survival in ovarian cancer. Mature data from The Netherlands Joint Study Group for Ovarian Cancer. Eur J Cancer 1991;27(11):1367-72.
11. Germain I, Tetu B, Brisson J, Mondor M, Cherian MG. Markers of chemoresistance in ovarian carcinomas: an immunohistochemical study of 86 cases. Int J Gynecol Pathol 1996;15(1):54-62.
12. Tanner B, Hengsler JG, Dietrich B. Glutathione, glutathione S-transferase alpha and pi, and aldehyde dehydrogenase content in relationship to drug resistance in ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 1997;65(1):54-62.
13. Masuda H, Ozols RF, Lai GM, Fojo A, Rothenherg M, Hamilton TC. Increased DNA repair as a mechanism of acquired resistance to cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) in human ovarian cancer cell lines. Cancer Res 1988;48(20):5713-6.
14. Masuda H, Tanaka T, Matsuda H, Kusaba I. Increased removal of DNA bound platinum in a human ovarian cancer cell line resistant to cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II). Cancer Res 1990;50(6):1863-6.
15. Parker RJ, Kastman A, Bostick-Bruton F, Reed E. Acquired cisplatin resistance in human ovarian cancer cells is associated with enhanced repair of cisplatin-DNA lesions and reduced drug accumulation. J Clin Invest 1991;87(3):772-7.
16. Dempke WC, Shellard SA, Fichtinger-Schepman AM. Hill BT. Lack of significant modulation of the formation and removal of platinum-DNA adducts by aphidicolin glycinate in two logarithmically-growing ovarian tumour cell lines in vitro. Carcinogenesis 1991;12(3):525-8.
17. Cole SP, Sparks KE, Fraser K. Pharmacological characterization of multidrug resistant MRP-transfected human tumor cells Cancer Res 1994;54(22):5902-10.
18. Chen CJ, Chin JE, Ueda K. Internal duplication and homology with bacterial transport proteins in the mdr1 (P-glycoprotein) gene from multidrug-resistant human cells. Cell 1986;47(3):381-9.
19. Izquierdo MA, Scheffer GL, Flens MJ. Broad distribution of the multidrug resistance-related vault lung resistance protein in normal human tissues and tumors. Am J Pathol 1996;148(3):877-87.
20. Scotto KW, Biedler JL, Melera PW. Amplification and expression of genes associated with multidrug resistance in mammalian cells. Science 1986:232(4751):751-5.
21. Shen DW, Fojo A, Chin JE. Human multidrug-resistant cell lines: increased mdr1 expression can precede gene amplification Science 1986;232(4750):643-5.
22. Nguyen KT, Liu B, Ueda K, Gottesman MM, Pastan I, Chin KV. Transactivation of the human multidrug resistance (MDR1) gene promoter by p53 mutants. Oncol Res 1994;6(2):71-7.
23. Lowe SW, Bodis S, McClatchey A. p53 status and the efficacy of cancer therapy in vivo. Science 1994;266 (5186):807-10.
24. Chin KV, Ueda K, Pastan I, Gottesman MM. Modulation of activity of the promoter of the human MDR1 gene by Ras and p53. Science 1992;255(5043):459-62.
25. Zastawny RL, Salvino R, Chen J, Benchimol S, Ling V. The core promoter region of the P-glycoprotein gene is sufficient to confer differential responsiveness to wild-type and mutant p53. Oncogene 1993;8(6):1529-35.
26. Grant CE, Valcimarsson G, Hipfner DR, Almquist KC, Cole SP, Deelty RG. Overexpression of multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP) increases resistance to natural product drugs. Cancer Res 1994;54(2): 357-61.
27. Chin KV, Pastan I, Gottesman MM. Function and regulation of the human multidrug resistance gene. Adv Cancer Res 1993;60:157-80.
28. Loe DW, Deeley RG, Cole SP. Biology of the multi-drug resistance-associated protein, MRP. Eur J Cancer 1996;32A(6):945-57.
29. Narasaki F, Oka M, Fukuda M. Multidrug resistance-associated protein gene expression and drug sensitivity in human lung cancer cells. Anticancer Res 1997; 17(5A):3493-7.
30. Jedlitschky G, Leier I, Buchholz U, Center M, Keppler D. ATP-dependent transport of glutathione S-conjugates by the multidrug resistance-associated protein. Cancer Res 1994;54(18):4833-6.
31. Izquierdo MA, Van der Zee AG, Vermorken JB. Drug resistance-associated marker Lrp for prediction of response to chemotherapy and prognoses in advanced ovarian carcinoma. J Natl Cancer Inst 1995:87(16): 1230-7.
32. Ringborg U, Platz A. Chemotherapy resistance mechanisms. Acta Oncol 1996;35(Suppl 5):76-80.
33. Hickman JA. Apoptosis and chemotherapy resistance. Eur J Cancer 1996;32A(6):921-6.
34. Roth JA, Cristiano RJ. Gene therapy for cancer: what have we done and where are we going? J Natl Cancer Inst 1997;89(1):21-39.
35. Rosenberg B, Van Camp L, Grimley EB, Thomson AJ. The inhibition of growth or cell division in Escherichia coli by different ionic species of platinum(IV) complexes. J Biol Chem 1967;242(6):1347-52.
36. Bellon SF, Coleman JH, Lippard SJ. DNA unwinding produced by site-specific intrastrand cross-links of the antitumor drug cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II). Biochemistry 1991;30(32):8026-35.
37. Chu G. Cellular responses to cisplatin. The roles of DNA-binding proteins and DNA repair. J Biol Chem 1994;269(2):787-90.
38. Mann SC, Andrews PA, Howell SB. Short-term cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) accumulation in sensitive and resistant human ovarian carcinoma cells. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 1990;25(4):236-40.
39. Voeltzel T, Lavaissiere L, Ghillani P, Benard J, Bohuon C, Bidart JM. Detection of a 45-kilodalton antigen overexpressed in a cisplatin-resistant human ovarian carcinoma cell line. Hybridoma 1994;13(5):367-72.
40. Johnson SW, Ozols RF, Hamilton TC. Mechanisms of drug resistance in ovarian cancer. Cancer 1993;71 (Suppl. 2):644-9.
41. Chen G, Zeller WJ. In vitro investigations on induction and reversal of cisplatin resistance in a rat ovarian tumor cell line. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 1990;116(5): 443-7.
42. Hamilton TC, Winker MA, Louie KG. Augmentation of adriamycin, melphalan, and cisplatin cytotoxidty in drug-resistant and -sensitive human ovarian carcinoma cell lines by buthionine sulfoximine mediated glutathione depletion. Biochem Pharmacol 1985;34(14): 2583-6.
43. Yao KS, Godwin AK, Johnson SW, Ozols RF, PJ OD, Hamilton TC. Evidence for altered regulation of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase gene expression among cisplatin-sensitive and cisplatin-resistant human ovarian cancer cell lines. Cancer Res 1995;55(19):4367-74.
44. Scanlon KJ, Kashani-Sabet M, Miyachi H, Sowers LC, Rossi J. Molecular basis of cisplatin resistance in human carcinomas: model systems and patients. Anticancer Res 1989;9(5):1301-12.
45. Scanlon KJ, Kashani-Sabet M. Elevated expression of thymidylate synthase cycle genes in cisplatin-resistant human ovarian carcinoma A2780 cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1988;85(3):650-3.
46. Bissett D, McLaughlin K, Kelland LR, Brown R. Cisplatin-DNA damage recognition proteins in human tumour extracts. Br J Cancer 1993;67(4):742-8.
47. Katz EJ, Andrews PA, Howell SB. The effect of DNA polymerase inhibitors on the cytotoxicity of cisplatin in human ovarian carcinoma cells. Cancer Commun 1990; 2(4):159-64.
48. Rowinsky EK, Donehower RC. The clinical pharmacology of paclitaxel (Taxol). Semin Oncol 1993;20(4 Suppl 3):16-25.
49. Schiff PB, Fant J, Horwitz SB. Promotion of microtubule assembly in vitro by taxol. Nature 1979;277(5698): 665-7.
50. Rowinsky EK. The development and clinical utility of the taxane class of antimicrotubule chemotherapy agents. Annu Rev Med 1997;48:353-74.
51. Parker RJ, Dabholkar MD, Lee KB, Boslick-Bruton F, Reed E. Taxol effect on cisplatin sensitivity and cisplatin cellular accumulation in human ovarian cancer cells. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 1993(15):83-8.
52. Thigpen JT. Blessing JA, Ball H, Hummel SJ, Barrett RJ. Phase II trial of paclitaxel in patients with progressive ovarian carcinoma after platinum-based chemotherapy: a Gynecologic Oncology Group study. J Clin Oncol 1994;12(9):1748-53.
53. Patel NH, Rothenberg ML. Multidrug resistance in cancer chemotherapy. Invest New Drugs 1994;12(1):1-13.
54. Van der Zee AG, Hollema HH, de Bruijn HW. Cell biological markers of drug resistance in ovarian carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol 1995;58(2):165-78.
55. Thiebaut F, Tsuruo T, Hamada H, Gottesman MM, Pastan I, Willingham MC. Cellular localization of the multidrug-resistanee gene product P-glycoprotein in normal human tissues. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1987; 84(21):7735-8.
56. Cordon-Cardo C, OB JP, Casals D. Multidrug-resistance gene (P-glycoprotein) is expressed by endothelial cells at blood-brain barrier sites. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1989;86(2);695-8.
57. Holzmayer TA, Hilsenbeck S, Von Hoff DD, Roninson IB. Clinical correlates of MDR1 (P-glycoprotein) gene expression in ovarian and small-cell lung carcinomas [see comments]. J Natl Cancer Inst 1992;84(19):1486-91.
58. Weinstein RS, Jakate SM, Dominguez JM. Relationship of the expression of the multidrug resistance gene product (P-glycoprotein) in human colon carcinoma to local tumor aggressiveness and lymph node metastasis. Cancer Res 1991;51(10):2720-6.
59. Zaman GJ, Versantvoort CH, Smit JJ. Analysis of the expression of MRP, the gene for a new putative transmembrane drug transporter, in human multidrug resistant lung cancer cell lines. Cancer Res 1993;53(8): 1747-50.
60. Nasmyth K. Viewpoint: putting the cell cycle in order. Science 1996;274(5293):1643-5.
61. Nevins JR. Transcriptional regulation. A closer look at E2F [news]. Nature 1992;358(6385):375-6.
62. Cobrinik D, Dowdy SF, Hinds PW, Mittnacht S, Weinberg RA. The retinoblastoma protein and the regulation of cell cycling. Trends Biochem Sci 1992;17(8):312-5.
63. Sherr CJ. Cancer cell cycles. Science 1996;274(5293): 1672-7.
64. Stillman B. Cell cycle control of DNA replication. Science 1996;274( 5293):1659-64.
65. Elbendary A, Berchuck A, Davis P. Transforming growth factor beta 1 can induce CIP1/WAF1 expression independent of the p53 pathway in ovarian cancer cells. Cell Growth Differ 1994;5(12):1301-7.
66. Hartwell LH, Weinert TA. Checkpoints: controls that ensure the order of cell cycle events. Science 1989; 246(4930):629-34.
67. Lane DP. Cancer. p53, guardian of the genome [news; comment] [see comments]. Nature 1992;358(6381):15-6.
68. El-Deiry WS, Harper JW, PM OC. WAF1/CIP1 is induced in p53-mediated G1 arrest and apoptosis. Cancer Res 1994 54(5):1169-74.
69. Yang ZY, Perkins ND, Ohno T, Nabel HG, Nabel GJ. The p21 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor suppresses tumorigenicity in vivo [see comments]. Nat Med 1995; 1(10):1052-6.
70. Lowe SW, Ruley HE, Jacks T, Housman DE. p53-dependent apoptosis modulates the cytotoxicity of anti-cancer agents. Cell 1993;74(6):957-67.
71. Waldman T. Zhang Y, Dillehay L. Cell-cycle arrest versus cell death in cancer therapy [see comments]. Nat Med 1997;3(9):1034-6.
72. Vaux DL. Toward an understanding of the molecular mechanisms of physiological cell death. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1993;90(3):786-9.
73. Martin SJ, Green DR, Cotter TG. Dicing with death: dissecting the components of the apoptosis machinery. Trends Biochem Sci 1994;19(1):26-30.
74. Kastan MB, Canman CE, Leonard CJ. P53, cell cycle control and apoptosis: implications for cancer. Cancer Metastasis Rev 1995;14(1):3-15.
75. Havrilesky LJ, Elbendary A, Hurteau JA, Whitaker RS, Rodriguez GC, Berchuck A. Chemotherapy-induced apoptosis in epithelial ovarian cancers. Obstet Gynecol 1995;85(6):1007-10.
76. Sekiguchi I, Suzuki M, Tamada T, Shinomiya N, Tsuru S, Murata M. Effects of cisplatin on cell cycle kinetics, morphological change, and cleavage pattern of DNA in two human ovarian carcinoma cell lines. Oncology 1996;53(1):19-26.
77. Boyd J, Rubin SC. Hereditary ovarian cancer: molecular genetics and clinical implications. Gynecol Oncol 1997;64(2):196-206.
78. Rubin SC, Benjamin I, Behbakht K. Clinical and pathological features of ovarian cancer in women with germline mutations of BRCA1 [see comments]. N Engl J Med 1996;335(19):1413-6.
79. Buller RE, Skilling JS, Kaliszewski S, Niemann T, Anderson B. Absence of significant germ line p53 mutations in ovarian cancer patients. Gynecol Oncol 1995; 58(3):368-74.
80. Kohler MF, Marks JR, Wiseman RW. Spectrum of mutation and frequency of allelic deletion of the p53 gene in ovarian cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 1993;85(18): 1513-9.
81. McManus DT, Yap EP, Maxwell P, Russell SE, Toner PG, McGee JO. p53 expression, mutation, and allelic deletion in ovarian cancer. J Pathol 1994;174(3):159-68.
82. Hachiya M, Chumakov A, Miller CW, Akashi M, Said J, Koeffler HP. Mutant p53 proteins behave in a dominant, negative fashion in vivo. Anticancer Res 1994; 14(5A):1853-9.
83. Milner J. Forms and functions of p53. Semin Cancer Biol 1994;5(3):211-9.
84. Hall PA, Lane DP. p53 in tumour pathology: can we trust immunohistochemistry? - Revisited! [editorial] [see comments]. J Pathol 1994;172(1):1-4.
85. Frank TS Bartos RE, Haefner HK, Roberts JA, Wilson MD, Hubbell GP. Loss of heterozygosity and overexpression of the p53 gene in ovarian carcinoma. Mod Pathol 1994;7(1):3-8.
86. Kupryjanczyk J, Thor AD, Beauchamp R. p53 gene mutations and protein accumulation in human ovarian cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1993;90(11):4961-5.
87. Righetti SC, Della Torre G, Pilotti S. A comparative study of p53 gene mutations, protein accumulation, and response to cisplatin-based chemotherapy in advanced ovarian carcinoma. Cancer Res 1996;56(4):689-93.
88. Bosari S, Viale G, Radaelli U, Bossi P, Bonoldi E, Coggi G. p53 accumulation in ovarian carcinomas and its prognostic implications. Hum Pathol 1993;24(11): 1175-9.
89. Lianidou ES, Levesque MA, Katsaros D. Immunofluorometric assay of p53 protein versus sequencing of p53 exons 5 to 9 for the detection of p53 abnormalities in ovarian carcinoma. Anticancer Res 1999;19(1B):749-56.
90. Lianidou ES, Angelopoulou K, Katsaros D. Fragment analysis of the p53 gene in ovarian tumors [published erratum appears in Clin Biochem 1999 Mar;32(2):155J. Clin Biochem 1998;31(7):551-3.
91. Lianidou ES, Angelopoulou K, Katsaros D. Fragment analysis of the p53 gene in ovarian tumors [published erratum appears in Clin Biochem 1999 Mar;32(2):155J. Clin Biochem 1998;31(7):551-3.
92. Angelopoulou K, Levesque MA, Katsaros D, Shipman R, Diamandis EP. Exon 5 of the p53 gene is a target for deletions in ovarian cancer. Clin Chem 1998;44(1): 72-7.
93. Jacobs IJ, Kohle MF, Wiseman RW. Clonal origin of epithelial ovariain carcinoma: analysis by loss of heterozygosity, p5 mutation, and X-chromosome inactivation. J Natl Cancer Inst 1992;84(23):1793-8.
94. Zheng J, Benedict WF, Xu HJ. Genetic disparity between morphologically benign cysts contiguous to ovarian carcinomas and solitary cystadenomas [see comments]. J Natl Cancer Inst 1995;87(15):1146-53.
95. Kohler MF, Kerns BJ, Humphrey PA, Marks JR, Bast RC jr, Berchuck A. Mutation and overexpression of p53 in early-stage epithelial ovarian cancer. Obstet Gynecol 1993; 81[5(Pt 1)] 643-50.
96. Kupryjanczyk J, Bell DA, Dimeo D, Beauchamp R, Thor AD, Yandell DW. p53 gene analysis of ovarian borderline tumors and stage I carcinomas. Hum Pathol 1995;26(4):387-92.
97. Milner BJ, Allan LA, Eccles DM. p54 mutation is a common genetic event in ovarian carcinoma. Cancer Res 1993;53(9):2128-32.
98. Teneriello MG, Ebina M, Linnoila RI. p53 and Ki-ras gene mutations in epithelial ovarian neoplasms. Cancer Res 1993;53(13):3103-8.
99. Pieretti M, Cavalieri C, Conway PS, Gallion HH, Powell DE, Turker MS. Genetic alterations distinguish different types of ovarian tumors. Int J Cancer 1995;64(6):434-40.
100. Berchuck A, Kohler MF, Hopkins MP. Overexpression of p53 is not a feature of benign and early-stage borderline epithelial ovarian tumors. Gynecol Oncol 1994;52(2):232-6.
101. Kupryjanczyk J, Bell DA, Yandell DW, Scully RE, Thor AD. p53 expression in ovarian borderline tumors and stage I carcinomas. Am J Clin Pathol 1994;102(5): 671-6.
102. Wertheim I, Muto MG, Welch WR, Bell DA, Berkowitz RS, Mok SC. p53 gene mutation in human borderline epithelial ovariun tumors. J Natl Cancer Inst 1994; 86(20):1549-51.
103. Henriksen R, Wilander E, Oberg K. Expression and prognostic significance of Bcl-2 in ovarian tumours. Br J Cancer 1995;72(5):1324-9.
104. Fastman A. Activation of programmed cell death by anticancer agents: cisplatin as a model system. Cancer Cells 1990;2(8-9):275-80.
105. Blagosklonny MV, Schulte TW, Nguyen P, Mimnaugh EG, Trepel J, Neckers L. Taxol induction of p21WAF1 and p53 requires c-raf-1. Cancer Res 1995;55(20): 4623-6.
106. El-Deiry WS. Role of oncogenes in resistance and killing by cancer therapeutic agents. Curr Opin Oncol 1997;9(1):79-87.
107. Mueller H, Eppenberger U. The dual role of mutant p53 protein in chemosensitivity of human cancers. Anticancer Res 1996;16(6B):3845-8.
108. McCurrach ME, Connor TM, Knudson CM, Korsmeyer SJ, Lowe SW. bax-deficiency promotes drug resistance and oncogenic transformation by attenuating p53-dependent apoptosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997; 94(6):2345-9.
109. Smith ML, Kontny HU, Bortnick R, Fornace AJ jr. The p53-regulated cyclin G gene promotes cell growth: p53 downstream effectors cyclin G and Gadd45 exert different effects on cisplatin chemosensitivity. Exp Cell Res 1997;230(1):61-8.
110. Diccianni MB, Yu J, Hsiao M, Mukherjee S, Shao LE, Yu AL. Clinical significance of p53 mutations in relapsed T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood 1994: 84(9):3105-12.
111. Wattel E, Preudhomme C, Hecquet B. p53 mutations are associated with resistance to chemotherapy and short survival in hematologic malignancies. Blood 1994;84(9):3148-57.
112. Hartmann LC, Podratz KC, Keeney GL. Prognostic significance of p53 immunostaining in epithelial ovarian cancer. J Clin Oncol 1994;12(1):64-9.
113. Henriksen R, Strang P, Wilander E, Backstrom T, Tribukait B, Oberg K. p53 expression in epithelial ovarian neoplasms: relationship to clinical and pathological parameters, Ki-67 expression and flow cytometry. Gynecol Oncol 1994;53(3):301-6.
114. Levesque MA, Katsaros D, Yu H. Mutant p53 protein over expression is associated with poor outcome in patients with well or moderately differentiated ovarian carcinoma. Cancer 1995;75(6):1327-38.
115. Renninson J, Baker BW, McGown AT. Immunohistochemical detection of mutant p53 protein in epithelial ovarian cancer using polyclonal antibody CMI: correlation with histopathology and clinical features. Br J Cancer 1994;69(3):609-12.
116. Yaginuma Y, Westphal H. Abnormal structure and expression of the p53 gene in human ovarian carcinoma cell lines. Cancer Res 1992;52(15):4196-9.
117. Skilling JS, Squatrito RC, Connor JP, Niemann T, Buller RE. p53 gene mutation analysis and antisense-mediated growth inhibition of human ovarian carcinoma cell lines. Gynecol Oncol 1996;6(1):72-80.
118. Mujoo K, Maneval DC, Anderson SC, Gutterman JU. Adenoviral-mediated p53 tumor suppressor gene therapy of human ovarian carcinoma. Oncogene 1996; 12(8):1617-23.
119. Perego P, Giarola M, Righetti SC. Association between cisplatin resistance and mutation of p53 gene and reduced bax expression in ovarian carcinoma cell systems. Cancer Res 1996;56(3):556-62.
120. Vasey PA, Jones NA, Jenkins S, Dive C, Brown R. Cisplatin, camptothecin, and taxol sensitivities of cells with p53-associated multidrug resistance. Mol Pharmacol 1996;50(6):1536-40.
121. Eliopoulos AG, Kerr DJ, Herod J. The control of apoptosis and drug resistance in ovarian cancer: influence of p53 and Bcl-2. Oncogene 1995;11(7):1217-28.
122. Allday MJ, Inman GJ, Crawford DH, Farrell PJ. DNA damage in human B cells can induce apoptosis, proceeding from G1/S when p53 is transactivation competent and G2/M when it is transactivation defective. Embo J 1995;14(20):4994-5005.
123. Zaffaroni N, Benini E, Gornati D, Bearzatto A, Silvestrini R. Lack of a correlation between p53 protein expression and radiation response in human tumor primary cultures. Stem Cells (Dayt) 1995;13(1):77-85.
124. Brown R, Clugston C, Burns P. Increased accumulation of p53 protein in cisplatin-resistant ovarian cell lines. Int J Cancer 1993;55(4):678-84.
125. Vikhanskaya F, M DI, Broggini M. Decreased cytotoxic effects of doxombicin in a human ovarian cancer cell line expressing wild-type p53 and WAF1/CIP1 genes. Int J Cancer 1995;61(3):397-401.
126. Katsaros D, Levesque M, Massobrio M. Dose-response effect between p53 but not WAF1 concentrations, survival and responsiveness in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer treated with platinum-based chemotherapy. Anticancer Res 1999; in press.
127. Levin L, Hryniuk WM. Dose intensity analysis of chemotherapy regimens in ovarian carcinoma. J Clin Oncol 1987;5(5):756-67.
128. McGuire WP, Hoskins WJ, Brady MF. Assessment of dose-intensive therapy in suboptimally debulked ovarian cancer: a Gynecologic Oncology Group study. J Clin Oncol 1995;13(7):1589-99.
129. Kaye SB, Lewis CR, Paul J. Randomised study of two doses of cisplatin with cyclophosphamide in epithelial ovarian cancer [see comments]. Lancet 1992;340(8815):329-33.
130. Kaye SB, Paul J, Cassidy J. Mature results of a randomized trial of two doses of cisplatin for the treatment of ovarian cancer. Scottish Gynecology Cancer Trials Group. J Clin Oncol 1996;14(7):2113-9.
131. Buller RE, Vasilev S, DiSaia PJ. CA 125 kinetics: a cost-effective clinical tool to evaluate clinical trial outcomes in the 1990s. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1996;174(4): 1241-54.
132. Antman KH, Souhami RL. High-close chemotherapy in solid tumours. A review of published data in selected tumours with a commentary. Ann Oncol 1993;4(Suppl. 1):29-44.
133. Ozols RF, Gore M, Trope C, Grenman S. Intraperitoneal treatment and dose-intense therapy in ovarian cancer. Ann Oncol 1999;10(Suppl 1):59-64.
134. Herrin VE, Thigpen JT. High-dose chemotherapy in ovarian carcinoma. Semin Oncol 1999;26(1):99-105.
135. Tsuruo T, Iida H, Tsukagoshi S, Sakurai Y. Overcoming of vincristine resistance in P388 leukemia in vivo and in vitro through enhanced cytotoxicity of vincristine and vinblastine by verapamil. Cancer Res 1981;41(5); 1967-72.
136. Toffoli G, Simone F, Corona G. Structure-activity relationship of verapamil analogs and reversal of multidrug resistance. Biochem Pharmacol 1995;50(8);1245-55.
137. Ozols RF, Cunnion RE, Klecker RW jr. Verapamil and adriamycin in the treatment of drug-resistant ovarian cancer patients. J Clin Oncol 1987;5(4):641-7.
138. Echizen H, Brecht T, Niedergesass S, Vogelgesang B, Eichelbaum M. The effect of dextro-, levo-, and racemic verapamil on atrioventricular conduction in humans. Am Heart J 1985;109(2):210-7.
139. Miller RL, Bukowski RM, Budd GT. Clinical modulation of doxorubicin resistance by the calmodulin-inhibitor, trifluoperazine: a phase I/II trial. J Clin Oncol 1988;6(5):880-8.
140. Ercoli A, Scambia G, De Vincenzo R. Tamoxifen synergizes the antiproliferative effect of cisplatin in human ovarian cancer cells: enhancement of DNA platination as a possible mechanism. Cancer Lett 1996; 108(1):7-14.
141. Hatch KD, Beecham JB, Blessing JA, Creasman WT. Responsiveness of patients with advanced ovarian carcinoma to tamoxifen. A Gynecologic Oncology Group study of second-line therapy in 105 patients. Cancer 1991;68(2):269-71.
142. Markman M, Iseminger KA, Hatch KD, Creasman WT, Barnes W, Dubeshter B. Tamoxifen in platinum-refractory ovarian cancer: a Gynecologic Oncology Group Ancillary Report [see comments]. Gynecol Oncol 1996;62(1):4-6.
143. Figueredo A, Arnold A, Goodyear M. Addition of verapamil and tamoxifen to the initial chemotherapy of small cell lung cancer. A phase I/II study. Cancer 1990;65(9):1895-902.
144. Ahlgren JD, Ellison NM, Gottlieb RJ. Hormonal palliation of chemoresistant ovarian cancer: three consecutive phase II trials of the Mid-Atlantic Oncology Program. J Clin Oncol 1993;11(10):1957-68.
145. PJ OD, Hamilton TC, Young RC. Depletion of glutathione in normal and malignant human cells in vivo by buthionine sulfoximine: clinical and biochemical results [see comments]. J Natl Cancer Inst 1992; 84(4):264-7.
146. PJ OD, Hamilton TC, LaCreta FP. Phase 1 trial of buthionne sulfoximine in combination with melphalan in patients with cancer. J Clin Oncol 1996;14(1): 249-56.
147. PJ OD, LaCreta FP, Schilder R. Phase 1 trial of thiotepa in combination with recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. J Clin Oncol 1992;10(8):1352-8.
148. Slater LM, Sweet P. Stupecky M, Gupta S. Cyclosporin A reverses vincristine and daunorubicin resistance in acute lymphatic leukemia in vitro. J Clin Invest 1986; 77(4):1405-8.
149. Slater LM, Sweet P, Stupecky M, Wetzel MW, Gupta S. Cyclosporin A corrects daunorubicin resistance in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma. Br J Cancer 1986;54(2): 235-8.
150. Manetta A, Boyle J, Berman ML. Cyclosporin enhancement of cisplatin chemotherapy in patients with refractory gynecologic cancer. A Gynecologic Oncology Group Study. Cancer 1994;73(1):196-9.
151. Twentyman PR, Bleehen NM. Resistance modification by PSC-833, a novel non-immunosuppressive cyclosponn [corrected] [published erratum appears in Eur J Cancer 1992;28(2-3):616]. Eur J Cancer 1991;27(12): 1639-42.
152. Twentyman PR, Bleehen NM. Resistance modification by PSC-833, a novel non-immunosuppressive cyclosponn [corrected] [published erratum appears in Eur J Cancer 1992;28(2-3):616]. Eur J Cancer 1991;27(12): 1639-42.
153. Boesch D, Gaveriaux C, Jachez, B, Pourtier-Manzanedo A, Bollinger P, Loor F. In vivo circumvention of P-glycoprote in-mediated multidrug resistance of tumor cells with SDZ PSC 833. Cancer Res 1991;51(16):4226-33.
154. Boesch D, Loor F. Extent and persistence of P-glycoprotein inhibition in multidrug-resistant P388 cells after exposure to resistance-modifying agents. Anti-cancer Drugs 1994;5(2):229-38.
155. Evans CH, Baker PD. Decreased P-glycoprotein expression in multidrug-sensitive and - resistant human myeloma cells induced by the cytokine leukoregulin. Cancer Res 1992;52(21):5893-9.
156. Walther W, Stein U. Influence of cytokines on mdr1 expression in human colon carcinoma cell lines: increased cytotoxicity of MDR relevant drugs. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 1994;120(8):471-8.
157. Bonavida B, Tsuchitani T, Zighelboim J, Berek JS. Synergy is documented in vitro with low-dose recombinant tumor necrosis factor, cisplatin, and doxorubicin in ovarian cancer cells. Gynecol Oncol 1990; 38(3):333-9.
158. Vigani A, Chiara S, Miglietta L. Effect of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor on A2774 human ovarian cancer cell line: potentiation of mitoxantrone cytotoxicity. Gynecol Oncol 1991;41(1):52-5.
159. Valenti M, Cimoli G, Parodi S. Potentiation of tumour necrosis factor-mediated cell killing by VP16 on human ovarian cancer cell lines. In vitro results and clinical implications. Eur J Cancer 1993;29A(8):1157-61.
160. Isonishi S, Andrews PA, Howell SB. Increased sensitivity to cis-diamminedichloroplatinuni(II) in human ovarian carcinon a cells in response to treatment with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate. J Biol Chem 1990;265(7):3623-7.
161. Basu A, Weixel KM. Comparison of protein kinase C activity and isoform expression in cisplatin-sensitive und -resistant ovarian carcinoma cells. Int J Cancer 1995;62(4):457-60.
162. Clark S, McGuckin MA, Hurst T, Ward BG. Effect of interferon gamma and tumour necrosis factor alpha on sensitivity to cisplatin in ovarian carcinoma cell lines. Cancer Immuno Immunother 1994;39(2):100-4.
163. Benchekroun MN, Parker R, Dabholkar M, Reed E, Sinha BK. Effects of interleukin-1 alpha on DNA repair in human ovarian carcinoma (NIH:OVCAR-3) cells: implications in the mechanism of sensitization of cisdiamminedichloroplatinum(II). Mol Pharmacol 1995; 47(6):1255-60.
164. Barnes MN, Desliane JS, Rosenfeld M, Siegal GP, Curiel DT, Alvarez RD. Gene therapy and ovarian cancer: a review. Obstet Gynecol 1997;89(1): 145-55.
165. Gutierrez AA, Lemoine NR, Sikora K. Gene therapy for cancer [see a comments]. Lancet 1992;339(8795): 715-21.
166. Runnebaum IB, Kreienberg R. p53 trans-dominantly suppresses tumor formation of human breast cancer cells mediated by retroviral bulk infection without marker gene selection: an expeditious in vitro protocol with implications towards gene therapy. Hybridoma 1995;14(2):153-7.
167. Yang C, Cirielli C, Capogrossi MC, Passaniti A. Adeno-virus-mediated wild-type p53 expression induces apoptosis and sappresses tumorigenesis of prostatic tumor cells. Cancer Res 1995;55(19):4210-3.
168. Liu TJ, el-Naggar AK, McDonnell TJ. Apoptosis induction mediated by wild-type p53 adenoviral gene transfer in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Cancer Res 1995;55(14):3117-22.
169. Harris MP, Sutjipto S, Wills KN. Adenovirus-mediated p53 gene transfer inhibits growth of human tumor cells expressing mutant p53 protein. Cancer Gene Ther 1996;3(2): 121-30.
170. Lesoon-Wood LA, Kim WH, Kleinman HK, Weintraub BD, Mixson AJ. Systemic gene therapy with p53 reduces growth and metastases of a malignant human breast cancer in nude mice. Hum Gene Ther 1995; 6(4):395-405.
171. Eastham JA, Hall SJ, Sehgal I. In vivo gene therapy with p53 or p21 adenovirus for prostate cancer. Cancer Res 1995;55(22):5151-5.
172. Hancock MC, Langton BC, Chan T. A monoclonal antibody against the c-erb B-2 protein enhances the cytotoxicity of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum against human breast and ovarian tumor cell lines. Cancer Res 1991;51(17):4575-80.
173. Yu D, Matin A, Xia W, Sorgi F, Huang L, Hung MC. Liposome-mediated in vivo E1A gene transfer suppressed dissemination of ovarian cancer cells that overexpress HER-2/neu. Oncogene 1995; 11(7): 1383-8.
174. Deshane J, Siegal GP, Wang M. Transductional efficacy and safety of an intraperitoneally delivered adenovirus encoding an anti-erbB-2 intracellular single-chain antibody for ovarian cancer gene therapy. Gynecol Oncol 1997;64(3):378-85.