The dorsoventral signal transduction pathway and the Rel-like transcription factors in Drosophila

Seminars in Cancer Biology

Volumn 8, Issue 2, 1997, Pages 83-92

  Drier, Eric A ^a,b   Steward, Ruth ^b  

^a PRINCETON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b RUTGERS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Dorsoventral polarity; Drosophila embryogenesis; Innate immunity; Rel family; Signal transduction

Indexed keywords

MEMBRANE PROTEIN; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR;

ALLELE; BIOCHEMISTRY; CELL NUCLEUS; DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER; EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT; EMBRYO PATTERN FORMATION; EMBRYONIC STRUCTURES; GENE ACTIVATION; GENE FUSION; GENE MAPPING; GENE MUTATION; GENE REPRESSION; GERM LINE; IMMUNE RESPONSE; NONHUMAN; PROTEIN DEGRADATION; PROTEIN DOMAIN; PROTEIN FAMILY; REVIEW; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; VERTEBRATE; ZYGOTE;

EID: 0031126767     PISSN: 1044579X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1006/scbi.1997.0059     Document Type: Article

References (69)

1. 1. Siebenlist U, Franzoso G, Brown K (1994) Structure, regulation and function of NF-κB. Annu Rev Cell Biol 10:405-455
2. 2. Verma IM, Stevenson JK, Schwarz EM, Antwerp DV, Miyamoto S (1995) Rel/ NF-κB/ IκB family: intimate tales of association and dissociation. Genes Dev 9:2723-2735
3. 3. Chasan R, Anderson KV (1993) Maternal control of dorsal-ventral polarity and pattern in the embryo, in The Development of Drosophila melanogaster (Bate M, Martinez-Arias A, eds) pp 387-424. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, New York
4. 4. Morisato D, Anderson KV (1995) Signaling pathways that establish the dorsal-ventral pattern of the Drosophila embryo. Annu Rev Genet 29:371-399
5. 5. Anderson KV, Nüsslein-Volhard C (1984) Genetic analysis of dorsal-ventral embryonic pattern in Drosophila, in Pattern Formation (Molacinski GM, Bryant SV, eds) pp 269-289. MacMillan, New York
6. 6. Schüpbach, Wieschaus E (1989) Female sterile mutations on the second chromosome of Drosophila melanogaster. I. maternal effect mutations. Genetics 121:101-117
7. 7. Rushlow CA, Han K, Manley JL, Levine M (1989) The graded distribution of the dorsal morphogen is initiated by selective nuclear transport in Drosophila. Cell 59:1165-1177
8. 8. Steward R (1989) Relocalization of the dorsal protein from the cytoplasm to the nucleus correlates with its function. Cell 59:1179-1188
9. 9. Roth S, Stein D, Nüsslein-Volhard C (1989) A gradient of nuclear localization of the dorsal protein determines dorsoventral pattern in the Drosophila embryo. Cell 59:1189-1202
10. 10. Stein D, Roth S, Vogelsang E, Nüsslein-Volhard C (1991) The polarity of the dorsoventral axis in the Drosophila embryo is defined by an extracellular signal. Cell 65:725-735
11. 11. Hong CC, Hashimoto C (1995) An unusual mosaic protein with a protease domain, encoded by the nudel gene, is involved in defining embryonic dorsoventral polarity in Drosophila. Cell 82:785-794
12. 12. Hong CC, Hashimoto C (1996) The maternal Nudel protein of Drosophila has two distinct roles important for embryogenesis. Genetics 143:1653-1661
13. 13. Schüpbach T (1987) Germ line and soma cooperate during oogenesis to establish the dorsoventral pattern of eggshell and embryo in Drosophila melanogaster. Cell 49:699-707
14. 14. Stein D, Nüsslein-Volhard C (1992) Multiple extracellular activities in Drosophila egg perivitelline fluid are required for establishment of embryonic dorsal-ventral polarity. Cell 68:1-20
15. 15. Chasan R, Anderson KV (1989) The role of easter, an apparent serine protease, in organizing the dorsal-ventral pattern of the Drosophila embryo. Cell 56:391-40
16. 16. DeLotto R, Speirer P (1989) A gene required for the specification of dorsal-ventral pattern in Drosophila appears to encode a serine protease. Nature 323:688-692
17. 17. Konrad K, Marsh L (1990) The gastrulation defective gene displays homology to serine proteases, in 31st Ann Drosophila Res Conf. Asilomar
18. 18. Chasan R, Jin Y, Anderson KV (1992) Activation of the easter zymogen is regulated by five other genes to define dorsal-ventral polarity in the Drosophila embryo. Development 115:607-616
19. 19. Smith CL, DeLotto R (1994) Ventralizing signal determined by protease activation in Drosophila embryogenesis. Nature 368:548-551
20. 20. Morisato D, Anderson K (1994) The spätzle gene product encodes a component of the extracellular signaling pathway establishing the dorsal-ventral pattern of the Drosophila embryo. Cell 76:677-688
21. 21. Schneider D, Jin Y, Morisato D, Anderson K (1994) A processed form of the Spätzle protein defines dorsal-ventral polarity in the Drosophila embryo. Development 120:1243-1250
22. 22. Hashimoto C, Hudson KL, Anderson KV (1988) The Toll gene of Drosophila, required for dorsal-ventral embryonic polarity, appears to encode a transmembrane protein. Cell 52:269-279
23. 23. Hashimoto C, Gerttula S, Anderson KV (1991) Plasma-membrane localization of the Toll protein in the syncytial Drosophila embryo - importance of transmembrane signaling for dorsal ventral pattern-formation. Development 111:1021-1028
24. 24. Anderson KV, Jurgens G, Nüsslein-Volhard C (1985) Establishment of dorsal-ventral polarity in the Drosophila embryo: genetic studies on the role of the Toll gene product. Cell 42:779-789
25. 25. Hecht PM, Anderson KV (1993) Genetic characterization of tube and pelle, genes required for signaling between Toll and dorsal in the specification of the dorsal-ventral pattern of the Drosophila embryo. Genetics 135:405-417
26. 26. Großhans J, Bergman A, Hafftner P, Nüsslein-Volhard C (1994) Activation of the kinase Pelle by Tube in the dorsoventral signal transduction pathway of Drosophila embryo. Nature 372:563-566
27. 27. Galindo RL, Edwards DN, Gillespie SKH, Wasserman SA (1995) Interaction of the pelle kinase with the membrane-associated protein tube is required for transduction of the dorsoventral signal in Drosophila embryos. Development 121:2209-2218
28. 28. Letsou A, Alexander S, Orth K, Wasserman SA (1991) Genetic and molecular characterization of tube, a Drosophila gene maternally required for embryonic dorsoventral polarity. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 88:810-814
29. 29. Shelton CA, Wasserman SA (1993) pelle encodes a protein kinase required to establish dorsoventral polarity in the Drosophila embryo. Cell 72:515-525
30. 30. Cao Z, Henzel WJ, Gao X (1996) IRAK: a kinase associated with the interleukin-1 receptor. Science 271:1128-1131
31. 31. Yang J, Steward R (1997) Tube is a Dorsal interacting protein, in 38th Annu Drosophila Res Conf. Chicago
32. 32. Edwards DN, Towb P, Wasserman SA (1997) Characterization of intracellular protein-protein interactions in the embryonic dorsoventral polarity pathway, in 38th Annu Drosophila Res Conf. Chicago
33. 33. Norris JL, Manley JL (1995) Regulation of dorsal in cultured cells by Toll and tube: tube function involves a novel mechanism. Genes Dev 9:358-369
34. 34. Kidd S (1992) Characterization of the Drosophila cactus locus and analysis of interaction between cactus and dorsal proteins. Cell 71:623-635
35. 35. Whalen AM, Steward R (1993) Dissociation of the Dorsal-Cactus complex and phosphorylation of the Dorsal protein correlate with the nuclear localization of Dorsal. J Cell Biol 123:523-534
36. 36. Gillespie SKH, Wasserman S (1994) dorsal, a Drosophila rel-like protein, is phosphorylated upon activation of the transmembrane protein Toll. Mol Cell Biol 14:3559-3568
37. 37. Geisler R, Bergmann A, Hiromi Y, Nüsslein-Volhard C (1992) cactus, a gene involved in dorsoventral pattern formation of Drosophila, is related to the IκB family of vertebrates. Cell 71:613-621
38. 38. Tatei K., Levine M. (1995) Specificity of Rel-inhibitor interactions in Drosophila embryos. Mol Cell Biol 15:3627-3634
39. 39. Govind S, Drier E, Huang LH, Steward R (1996) Regulated nuclear import of the Drosophila Rel protein Dorsal: structure-function analysis. Mol Cell Biol 16:1103-1114
40. 40. Lehming N, McGuire S, Brinkman JM, Ptashne M (1995) Interactions of a Rel protein with its inhibitor. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 92:10242-10246
41. 41. Govind S, Brennan L, Steward R (1993) Homeostatic balance between dorsal and cactus proteins in the Drosophila embryo. Development 117:135-148
42. 42. Roth S, Hiromi Y, Godt D, Nüsslein-Volhard C (1991) cactus, a maternal gene required for proper formation for the dorsoventral morphogen gradient in Drosophila embryos. Development 112:371-388
43. 43. Belvin MP, Jin Y, Anderson KV (1995) Cactus protein degradation mediates Drosophila dorsal-ventral signaling. Genes Dev 9:783-793
44. 44. Bergmann A, Stein D, Geisler R, Hagenmaier S, Schmid B, Fernandez N, Schnell B, Nüsslein-Volhard C (1996) A gradient of cytoplasmic Cactus degradation establishes the nuclear localization gradient of the dorsal morphogen in Drosophila. Mech Dev 60:109-123
45. 45. Reach M, Galindo RL, Towb P, Allen JL, Karin M, Wasserman S (196) A gradient of Cactus protein degradation establishes dorsoventral polarity in the Drosophila embryo. Dev Biol 180:353-364
46. 46. Brown K, Gerstberger S, Carlson L, Franzoso G, Siebenlist U (1995) Control of IκB-α proteolysis by site-specific, signal induced phosphorylation. Science 267:1485-1488
47. 47. Li CC, Korner M, Ferris DK, Chen E, Dai RM, Longo DL (1994) NF-κB/ Rel family members are physically associated phospho-proteins. Biochem J 303:499-506
48. 48. Naumann M, Scheidereit C (1994) Activation of NF-κB in vivo is regulated by multiple phosphorylations. EMBO J 13:4597-4607
49. 49. Norris JL, Manley JL (1992) Selective nuclear transport of the Drosophila morphogen dorsal can be established by a signaling pathway involving the transmembrane protein Toll and protein kinase A. Genes Dev 6:1654-1667
50. 50. Hultmark D (1993) Immune reactions in Drosophila and other insects: a model for innate immunity. Trends Genet 9:178-184
51. 51. Hoffmann JA (1995) Innate immunity of insects. Curr Opin Immunol 7:4-10
52. 52. Engstrom Y, Kadalayil L, Sun S-C, Samakovlis C, Hultmark D, Faye I (1993) κB-like motifs regulate the induction of immune genes in Drosophila. J Mol Biol 232:327-333
53. 53. Kappler C, Meister M, Langueux M, Gateff E, Hoffmann JA, Reichhart J-M (1993) Insect immunity. Two 17bp repeats nesting a κB-related sequence confer inducibility to the diptericin gene and bind a polypeptide in bacteria-challenged Drosophila. EMBO J 12:1561-1568
54. 54. Steward R (1987) dorsal, an embryonic polarity gene in Drosophila, is homologous to the vertebrate proto-oncogene, c-rel. Science 238:692-694
55. 55. Ip YT, Reach M, Engstrom Y, Kadlayil L, Cai H, Gonzalez-Crespo S, Tatei K, Levine M (1993) Dif, a dorsal-related gene that mediates an immune response in Drosophila. Cell 75:753-763
56. 56. Dushay MS, Åsling B, Hultmark D (1996) Origins of immunity: Relish, a compound Rel-like gene in the antibacterial defence of Dorsophila. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 93:10343-10347
57. 57. Lemaitre B, Meister M, Govind S, Georgel P, Steward R, Reichart JM, Hoffmann J (1995) Functional analysis and regulation of nuclear import of dorsal during the immune response in Drosophila. EMBO J 14:536-545
58. 58. Lemaitre B, Nicolas E, Michaut L, Reichhart J-M, Hoffmann J (1996) The dorsoventral regulatory gene cassette spätzlel Toll/ cactus controls the potent antifungal response in Drosophila adults. Cell 86:973-983
59. 59. Lemaitre B, Kromer-Metzger E, Michaut L, Nicolas E, Meister M, Georgel P, Reichart J-M, Hoffmann JA (1995) A recessive mutation, immune deficiency (imd), defines two distinct control pathways in the Drosophila host defense. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 92:9465-9469
60. 60. Ip YT, Levine M (1992) The role of the dorsal morphogen gradient in Drosophila embryogenesis. Semin Dev Biol 3:15-23
61. 61. Steward R, Govind S (1993) Dorsal-ventral polarity in the Drosophila embryo. Curr Opin Genet Dev 3:556-561
62. 62. Pan D, Courey A (1992) The same dorsal binding site mediates both activation and repression in a context-dependent manner. EMBO J 11:1837-1842
63. 63. Kirov N, Zhelnin L, Shah J, Rushlow C (1993) Conversion of a silencer into an enhancer: evidence for a co-repressor in dorsal-mediated repression in Drosophila. EMBO J 12:3193-3199
64. 64. Lehming N, Thanos D, Brickman JM, Ma J, Maniatis T, Ptashne M (1994) An HMG-like protein that can switch a transcriptional activator to a represser. Nature 371:175-179
65. 65. Jiang J, Levine M (1993) Binding affinities and cooperative interactions with bHLH activators delimit threshold responses to the dorsal gradient morphogen. Cell 72:741-752
66. 66. Anderson KV, Nüsslein-Volhard C (1986) Dorsal-group of genes of Drosophila, in Gametogenesis and the early embryo (Gall J, ed) pp 177-194. Alan Liss, New York
67. 67. Anderson KV, Bokla L, Nüsslein-Volhard (1985) Establishment of dorsal-ventral polarity in the Drosophila embryo: the induction of polarity by the Toll gene product. Cell 42:791-798
68. 68. Eldon E, Kooyer S, D'Evelyn D, Duman M, Lawinger P, Botas J, Bellen H (1994) The Drosophila 18 wheeler gene is required for morphogenesis and has striking similarities to Toll. Development 120:885-899
69. 69. Letsou A, Alexander S, Wasserman S (1993) Domain mapping of tube, a protein essential for dorsoventral patterning of he Drosophila embryo. EMBO J 12:3449-3458