The host-parasite relationship in neosporosis

Advances in Parasitology

Volumn 43, Issue , 1999, Pages 47-104

  Hemphill, A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BERN   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DNA; PARASITE ANTIBODY; PARASITE ANTIGEN;

ABORTION; BODY FLUID; CATTLE DISEASE; DIAGNOSTIC APPROACH ROUTE; DOG DISEASE; GENE AMPLIFICATION; HOST PARASITE INTERACTION; HUMAN; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; IMMUNOTHERAPY; NEOSPORA CANINUM; NEUROMUSCULAR DISEASE; NONHUMAN; OOCYST; PARASITOSIS; PATHOGENESIS; PHYLOGENY; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SPOROZOITE; STILLBIRTH; TOXOPLASMA GONDII; VACCINATION;

ANIMALIA; BOS TAURUS; CANIS FAMILIARIS; NEOSPORA CANINUM; TOXOPLASMA GONDII;

EID: 0033042875     PISSN: 0065308X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1016/s0065-308x(08)60241-9     Document Type: Review

References (245)

1. M. Achbarou O. Mercereau-Puijalon J.M. Autheman B. Fortier D. Camus J.F. Dubremetz Characterization of microneme proteins of Toxoplasma gondii Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology 47 1991 223 233
2. A. Achbarou O. Mercereau-Puijalon A. Sadak J.F. Dubremetz Differential targeting of dense granule proteins in the parasitophorous vacuole of Toxoplasma gondii Parasitology 103 1991 321 329
3. J.H. Adams D.E. Hudson M. Torii G.E. Ward T.E. Wellems M. Aikawa L.H. Miller The Duffy receptor family of Plasmodium knowlesi is located within the micronemes of invasive merozoites Cell 63 1990 141 153
4. M. Aikawa M. Torii A. Sjoelander K. Berzins P. Perlman L.H. Miller Pf155/RESA antigen is localized in dense granules of Plasmodium falciparum merozoites Experimental Parasitology 71 1990 326 329
5. J. Alexander T.M. Scharton-Kersten G. Yap C.W. Roberts F.Y. Liew A. Sher Mechanisms of innate resistance to Toxoplasma gondii Philosophical Transaction of the Royal Society of London 352 1997 1355 1359
6. M.L. Anderson P.C. Blanchard B.C. Barr J.P. Dubey R.L. Hoffman P.A. Conrad Neospora-like protozoan infection as a major cause of abortion in California dairy cattle Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 198 1991 241 244
7. M.L. Anderson C.W. Palmer M.C. Thurmond J.P. Picanso P.C. Blanchard R.E. Breitmeyer A.W. Layton M. McAllister B. Dafl H. Kinde D.H. Read J.P. Dubey P.A. Conrad B.C. Barr Evaluation of abortions in cattle attributable to neosporosis in selected dairy herds in California Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 207 1995 1206 1210
8. P.C. Augustine The Eimeria: cellular invasion and host-cell parasite interactions P. Yvore Coccidia and intestinal coccidiomorphs. 1989 Tours Montpellier 205 215 Collogues de INTRA 49
9. D.G. Baker T.Y. Morishita D.L. Brooks S.K. Shen D.S. Lindsay J.P. Dubey Experimental oral inoculations in birds to evaluate potential definitive host of Neospora caninum Journal of Parasitology 81 1995 783 785
10. L.H. Bannister A.R. Dluzewski The ultrastructure of red cell invasion in malaria infections: a review Blood Cell 16 1990 257 292
11. J.S. Barber A.J. Trees Clinical aspects of twenty-seven cases of neosporosis in dogs Veterinary Record 139 1996 439 443
12. J. Barber A.J. Trees M. Owen B. Tennant Isolation of Neospora caninum from a British dog Veterinary Record 133 1993 531 532
13. J.S. Barber O.J.M. Holmdahl M.R. Owen F. Guy A. Uggla A.J. Trees Characterization of the first European isolate of Neospora caninum (Dubey, Carpenter, Speer, Topper and Uggla) Parasitology 111 1995 563 568
14. B.C. Barr M.L. Anderson J.P. Dubey P.A. Conrad Neospora-like protozoal infection associated with bovine abortions Veterinary Pathology 28 1991 110 116
15. B.C. Barr P.A. Conrad R. Breitmeyer K. Sverlow M.L. Anderson J. Reynolds A.E. Chauvet J.P. Dubey A.A. Ardans Congenital Neospora infection in calves born from cows that had previously aborted Neospora-infected fetuses: Four cases (1990-1992) Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 202 1993 113 117
16. B.C. Barr P.A. Conrad K.W. Sverlow A.F. Tarantal A.G. Hendrickx Experimental fetal and transplacental Neospora infection in the non-human primate Laboratory Investigations 71 1994 236 242
17. B.C. Barr J.D. Rowe K.W. Sverlow R.H. BonDurant A.A. Ardans M.N. Oliver P.A. Conrad Experimental reproduction of bovine fetal Neospora infection and death with a bovine Neospora isolate Journal of Veterinary Diagnosis and Investigations 6 1994 207 215
18. B.C. Barr M.L. Anderson K.W. Sverlow P.A. Conrad Diagnosis of bovine fetal Neospora infection with an indirect fluorescent antibody test Veterinary Record 137 1995 611 613
19. J.R. Barta J.P. Dubey Characterization of anti-Neospora caninum hyperimmune rabbit serum by Western blot analysis and immunoelectron microscopy Parasitology Research 78 1992 689 694
20. T.V. Baszler D.P. Knowles J.P. Dubey J.M. Gay B.A. Mathison T.F. McElwain Serological diagnosis of bovine neosporosis by Neospora caninum monoclonal antibody-based competitive inhibition ELISA Journal of Clinical Microbiology 34 1996 1423 1428
21. C. Bauer J.F. Dubremetz R. Enzeroth Characterization of surface antigens of Eimeria nieschulzi (Sporozoa, Eimeriidae) merozoites Parasitology Research 81 1995 230 234
22. C.J. Beckers T. Wakefield K.A. Joiner The expression of Toxoplasma proteins in Neospora caninum and the identification of a gene encoding a novel rhoptry protein Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology 89 1997 209 223
23. I. Bjerkås J.P. Dubey Evidence that Neospora caninum is identical to the Toxoplasma-like parasite of Norwegian dogs Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 32 1991 407 410
24. I. Bjerkås S.F. Mohn J. Presthus Unidentified cyst-forming sporozoon causing encephalomyelitis and myositis in dogs Zeitschrift für Parasitenkunde 70 1984 271 274
25. I. Bjerkås M.C. Jenkins J.P. Dubey Identification and characterization of Neospora caninum tachyzoite antigens useful for diagnosis of neosporosis Clinical Diagnostical Laboratory Immunology 1 1994 214 221
26. C. Björkman A. Hemphill Characterization of Neospora caninum iscom antigens using monoclonal antibodies Parasite Immunology 20 1998 73 80
27. C. Björkman A. Lunden Application of iscom antigen preparations in ELISA for diagnosis of Neospora and Toxoplasma infections International Journal of Parasitology 28 1998 187 193
28. C. Björkman A. Lunden O.J.M. Holmdahl J. Barber A.J. Trees A. Uggla Neospora caninum in dogs: detection of antibodies by ELISA using an iscom antigen Parasite Immunology 16 1994 643 648
29. C. Björkman A. Lunden A. Uggla Prevalence of antibodies to Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii in Swedish dogs Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 35 1994 445 447
30. C. Björkman O. Johansson S. Stenlund J. Holmdahl A. Uggla Neospora species infection in a herd of dairy cattle Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 188 1996 1441 1444
31. C. Björkman J. Holmdahl A. Uggla An indirect enzyme linked immunoassay (ELISA) for demonstration of antibodies to Neospora caninum in serum and milk of cattle Veterinary Parasitology 68 1997 251 256
32. A. Bonhomme L. Pingret J.M. Pinon Review: Toxoplasma gondii cellular invasion Parasitologia 34 1992 31 43
33. J.C. Boothroyd M. Black S. Bonnefoy A. Hehl L.J. Knoll E. OrtegaBarria S. Tomavo Genetic and biochemical analysis of development in Toxoplasma gondii Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B—Biological Sciences 352 1997 1347 1354
34. C. Braun-Breton L.H. Perreira Da Silva Malaria proteases and red blood cell invasion Parasitology Today 9 1993 92 96
35. A.P. Brezin C.E. Egwuago C. Silveira P. Thulliez M.C. Martins R.M. Mahdi R. Belfort R.B. Nussenblatt Analysis of aqueous humor in ocular toxoplasmosis New England Journal of Medicine 324 1991 699
36. P.J. Brindley R.T. Gazzinelli E.Y. Denkers S.W. Davis J.P. Dubey R. Belfon M.-C. Marüns C. Silveiran L. Jamra A.P. Waters A. Sher Differentiation of Toxoplasma gondii from closely related coccidia by riboprint analysis and a surface antigen gene polymerase chain reaction American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 48 1993 447 456
37. L.A. Bryan A.A. Cajedhar J.P. Dubey D.M. Haines Bovine neonatal encephalomyelitis associated with a Neospora sp. protozoan Canadian Veterinary Journal 35 1994 111 113
38. J.L. Burg C.M. Grover P. Pouletty J.C. Boothroyd Direct and sensitive detection of a pathogenic protozoan, Toxoplasma gondii, by polymerase chain reaction Journal of Clinical Microbiology 27 1989 1787 1792
39. D. Buxton S.W. Maley K.M. Thomson A.J. Trees E.A. Innes Experimental infection of non-pregnant and pregnant sheep with Neospora caninum Journal of Comparative Pathology 117 1997 1 16
40. D. Buxton S. Wright S.W. Maley A. Lunden A.N. Vermeulen E.A. Innes Protective immunity to Neospora caninum 1997 Keble College Montpellier VIIth International Coccidiosis Conference and European Union COST820 Workshop. September 1-5
41. E. Candolfi O. Villard M. Thouvenin T.T. Kien Role of nitric oxide-induced immune suppression in toxoplasmosis during pregnancy and in infection by a virulent strain of Toxoplasma gondii Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology 219 1996 141 154
42. V.B. Carruthers L.D. Sibley Sequential secretion from three distinct organelles of Toxoplasma gondii accompanies invasion of human fibroblasts European Journal of Cell Biology 73 1997 114 123
43. M.F. Cesbron-Delauw Dense granule organelles of Toxoplasma gondii: the role in the host-parasite relationship Parasitology Today 10 1994 239 246
44. M.F. Cesbron-Delauw S. Tomavo P. Beauchamps M.P. Fourmaux D. Camus A. Capron J.F. Dubremetz Similarities between the primary structures of two distinct major surface proteins of Toxoplasma gondii Journal of Biological Chemistry 269 1994 16217 16222
45. M.F. Cesbron-Delauw L. Lecordier C. Mercier Role of secretory dense granule organelles in the pathogenesis of toxoplasmosis Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology 219 1996 59 65
46. H. Charif F. Darcy G. Torpier M.F. Cesbron-Delauw A. Capron Toxoplasma gondii: characterization and localization of antigens secreted from tachyzoites Experimental Parasitology 71 1990 114 124
47. Q. Cheng A. Saul Sequence analysis of the apical membrane antigen I (AMA-1) of Plasmodium vivax Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology 65 1994 183 187
48. B. Chobotar H.D. Danforth R. Entzeroth Ultrastructural observations of host cell invasion by sporozoites of Eimeria papillata in vivo Parasitology Research 79 1993 15 23
49. R.A. Cole D.S. Lindsay J.P. Dubey B.L. Blagburn Detection of Neospora caninum in tissue sections using a murine monoclonal antibody Journal of Veterinary Diagnosis and Investigations 5 1993 579 584
50. R.A. Cole D.S. Lindsay J.P. Dubey M.A. Toivio-Kinnucan B.L. Blagburn Characterization of a murine monoclonal antibody generated against Neospora caninum by western blot analysis and immunoelectron microscopy American Journal of Veterinary Research 55 1994 1717 1722
51. R.A. Cole D.S. Lindsay B.L. Blagburn J.P. Dubey Vertical transmission of Neospora caninum in mice Journal of Parasitology 81 1995 730 732
52. R.A. Cole D.S. Lindsay B.L. Blagburn D.C. Sorjonen J.P. Dubey Vertical transmission of Neospora caninum in dogs Journal of Parasitology 81 1995 208 211
53. P.A. Conrad B.C. Barr K.W. Sverlow M. Anderson B. Daft H. Kinde J.P. Dubey L. Munson A. Ardans In vitro isolation and characterization of a Neospora sp. from aborted bovine fetuses Parasitology 106 1993 239 249
54. P.A. Conrad K. Sverlow M. Anderson J. Rowe R. BonDurant G. Tuter R. Breitmeyer C. Palmer M. Thummond A. Ardans J.P. Dubey G. Duhamel B. Barr Detection of serum antibody responses in cattle with natural or experimental Neospora infections Journal of Veterinary Diagnosis and Investigations 5 1993 572 578
55. P. Cuddon D.S. Lin D.D. Bowman D.S. Lindsay T.K. Miller J.D. Duncan A. De Lahunta J. Cummings M. Suter B. Cooper J.M. King J.P. Dubey Neospora caninum infection in English Springer Spaniel littermates: diagnostic evaluation and organism isolation Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 6 1992 325 332
56. L. Dannatt F. Guy A.J. Trees Abortion due to Neospora species in a dairy herd Veterinary Record 137 1995 566 567
57. F. Darcy F. Santoro Toxoplasmosis F. Kierszenbaum Parasitic Infections and the Immune System 1994 Academic Press New York 163 190
58. K. De Braganca B. Peschka B. Peters H.M. Seitz How long does the obligate intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii survive in cell free medium? 1996 Hannover Montpellier Proceedings of the 10th Japanese-German Cooperative Symposium on Protozoan Diseases. September 11-15
59. L. De Carvalho W. De Souza Carbohydrate-containing molecules found in rhoptries are released during active penetration of tachyzoites of Toxoplasma gondii into host cells Biology of the Cell 21 1997 129 135
60. L. De Carvalho C.Y.I. Yan W. De Souza Effect of various digestive enzymes on the interaction of Toxoplasma gondii with macrophages Parasitology Research 79 1993 114 118
61. J. Dobrowolski L.D. Sibley Toxoplasma invasion of mammalian cells is powered by the actin skeleton of the parasite Cell 84 1996 933 939
62. J. Dobrowolski L.D. Sibley The role of the cytoskeleton in host cell invasion by Toxoplasma gondii Behring Institut Mitteilungen 99 1997 90 96
63. J.M. Dobrowolski I.R. Niesman L.D. Sibley Actin in the parasite Toxoplasma gondii is encoded by a single copy gene, ACT1 and exists primarily in a globular form Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 37 1997 253 262
64. J.P. Dubey Toxoplasma, Neospora, Sarcocystis, and other tissue cyst-forming coccidia of humans and animals J.P. Kreier Parasitic Protozoa 6 1993 Academic Press New York 1 158
65. J.P. Dubey C.P. Beattie Toxoplasmosis of Animals and Man. 1988 CRC Press Boca Raton, FL
66. J.P. Dubey A. De Lahunta Neosporosis associated congenital limb deformities in a calf Applied Parasitology 34 1993 229 233
67. J.P. Dubey D.S. Lindsay Transplacental Neospora caninum infection in cats Journal of Parasitology 75 1989 765 771
68. J.P. Dubey D.S. Lindsay Transplacental Neospora caninum infection in dogs American Journal of Veterinary Research 50 1989 1578 1579
69. J.P. Dubey D.S. Lindsay Neosporosis in dogs Veterinary Parasitology 36 1990 147 151
70. J.P. Dubey D.S. Lindsay Neospora caninum induced abortion in sheep Journal of Veterinary Diagnosis and Investigations 2 1990 230 233
71. J.P. Dubey D.S. Lindsay Neosporosis Parasitology Today 9 1993 452 458
72. J.P. Dubey D.S. Lindsay A review of Neospora caninum and neosporosis Veterinary Parasitology 67 1996 1 59
73. J.P. Dubey M.L. Porterfield Neospora caninum (Apicomplexa) in an aborted equine foetus Journal of Parasitology 76 1990 732 734
74. J.P. Dubey J.L. Carpenter C.A. Speer M.J. Topper A. Uggla Newly recognized fatal protozoan disease of dogs Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 192 1988 1269 1285
75. J.P. Dubey A.L. Hanel D.S. Lindsay M.J. Topper Neonatal Neospora caninum infection in dogs: isolation of the causative agent and experimental transmission Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 193 1988 1259 1263
76. J.P. Dubey W.J. Hartley D.S. Lindsay M.J. Topper Fatal congenital Neospora caninum infection in a lamb Journal of Parasitology 76 1990 127 130
77. J.P. Dubey D.S. Lindsay T.P. Lipscomb Neosporosis in cats Veterinary Pathology 27 1990 335 339
78. J.P. Dubey H.M. Acland A.N. Hamir Neospora caninum (Apicomplexa) in a stillborn goat Journal of Parasitology 78 1992 532 534
79. J.P. Dubey A.N. Hamir S.K. Shen P. Thulliez C.E. Rupprecht Experimental Toxoplasma gondii infection in raccoons (Procyon lotor) Journal of Parasitology 79 1993 548 552
80. J.P. Dubey F.L.J. Metzger A.L. Hattel D.S. Lindsay D.L. Fritz Canine cutaneous neosporosis: clinical improvement with clindamycin Veterinary Dermatology 6 1995 37 43
81. J.P. Dubey D.S. Lindsay D.S. Adams I.M. Gay T.V. Baszler B.L. Blagburn P. Thulliez Serologic responses of cattle and other animals infected with Neospora caninum American Journal of Veterinary Research 57 1996 320 336
82. J.P. Dubey J.A. Morales P. Villalobos D.S. Lindsay B.L. Blagburn M.J. Topper Neosporosis-associated abortion in a dairy goat Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 208 1996 263 265
83. J.P. Dubey J. Rigoulet P. Lagourette C. George L. Longeart J.L. Le Net Fatal transplacental neosporosis in a deer (Ceraus eldi siumensis) from a zoo Journal of Parasitology 82 1996 338 339
84. J.P. Dubey M.C. Jenkins D.S. Adams M.M. McAllister R. Anderson-Sprecher T.V. Baszler O.C. Kwok N.C. Lally C. Björkman A. Uggla Antibody responses of cows during an outbreak of neosporosis evaluated by indirect fluorescence antibody test and different enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay Journal of Parasitology 83 1997 1063 1069
85. J.F. Dubremetz Host cell invasion by Toxoplasma gondii Trends in Microbiology 6 1998 27 30
86. J.F. Dubremetz J.H. McKerrow Invasion mechanisms J.J. Marr M. Mueller Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Parasites. 1995 Academic Press New York 307 322
87. J.F. Dubremetz J.D. Schwartzman Subcellular organelles of Toxoplasma gondii and host cell invasion Research in Immunology 144 1993 31 33
88. J. Ellis K. Luton P.R. Baverstock P.J. Brindley K.A. Nimmo A.M. Johnson The phylogeny of Neospora caninum Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology 64 1994 303 311
89. J. Ellis D. McMillan D. Croan L. Reddacliff P.A.W. Harper Detection of Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii DNA by single tube nested PCR Journal of Microbiological Methods 30 1997 237
90. Éperon, S., Hemphill, A. and Gottstein, B. 1998. Neospora caninum: susceptibility versus resistance parameters in B-cell deficient mice and corresponding wild-type mice. 30th Annual Meeting of the USGEB. March 5-6. Lausanne, Switzerland
91. D.M. Estes N.M. Closser G.K. Allen IFN-gamma stimulates IgG2 production from bovine B cells costimulated with anti-mu and mitogen Cellular Immunology 154 1994 287 295
92. H.G. Fischer S. Stachelhaus M. Sahm H.E. Meyer G. Reichmann GRA7, and excretory 29 kDa Toxoplasma gondii dense granule antigen released by infected host cells Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology 91 1998 251 262
93. M.N. Fourmaux A. Achbarou O. Mercereau-Puijalon C. Biderre I. Briche A. Loyens C. Odberg-Ferragut D. Camus J.F. Dubremetz The MIC1 microneme protein of Toxoplasma gondii contains a duplicated receptor-like domain and binds to host cell surface Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology 83 1996 201 210
94. F. Foussard M.A. Leriche J.F. Dubremetz Characterization of the lipid content of Toxoplasma gondii rhoptries Parasitology 102 1991 367 370
95. N. Fuchs S. Sonda B. Gottstein A. Hemphill Differential expression of cell surface- and dense granule-associated Neospora caninum proteins in tachyzoites and bradyzoites Journal of Parasitology 84 1998 753 758
96. M.R. Galinski J.W. Barnwell Plasmodium vivax: merozoites, invasion of reticulocytes and considerations for malaria vaccine development Parasitology Today 12 1996 20 28
97. R.T. Gazzinelli S. Hayashi M. Wysocka L. Carrera R. Kuhn W. Müller F. Roberge G. Trinchieri A. Sher Role of IL-12 in the initiation of cell-mediated immunity by Toxoplasma gondii and its regulation by IL-10 and nitric oxide Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 41 1994 92
98. R.T. Gazzinelli D. Amichay T. Sharton-Kersten E. Grunwald J.M. Farber A. Sher Role of macrophage-derived cytokines in the induction and regulation of cell-mediated immunity to Toxoplasma gondii Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology 219 1996 127 139
99. J.E. Gomez Marin A. Bonhomme M. Guenounou J.M. Pinon Role of interferon-gamma against invasion by Toxoplasma gondii in a human monocytic cell line (THP1): involvement of the parasite's secretory phospholipase A2 Cellular Immunology 169 1996 218 225
100. B. Gottstein B. Hentrich R. Wyss B. Thür A. Busato K.D.C. Stärk N. Müller Molecular and immunodiagnostic investigations on bovine neosporosis in Switzerland International Journal of Parasitology 28 1998 679 691
101. M.L. Gray B.G. Harmon L. Sales J.P. Dubey Visceral neosporosis in a 10-year-old horse Journal of Veterinary Diagnosis and Investigations 8 1996 130 133
102. J. Grimwood J.E. Smith Toxoplasma gondii: redistribution of tachyzoite surface protein during host cell invasion and intracellular development Parasitology Research 81 1995 657 661
103. J. Grimwood J.R. Mineo L.H. Kasper Attachment of Toxoplasma gondii to host cells is host cell cycle dependent Infection and Immunity 64 1996 4099 4104
104. Z.-G. Guo A.M. Johnson Genetic comparison of Neospora caninum with Toxoplasma and Sarcocystis by random amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction Parasitology Research 81 1995 365 370
105. W.H. Hay L.G. Shell D.S. Lindsay J.P. Dubey Diagnosis and treatment of Neospora caninum infections in a dog Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 197 1990 87 89
106. A. Hehl T. Krieger J.C. Boothroyd Identification and characterization of SRS1, a Toxoplasma gondii surface antigen upstream of and related to SAG1 Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology 89 1997 271 282
107. A. Hemphill Subcellular localization and functional characterization of Nc-p43, a major Neospora caninum tachyzoite surface protein Infection and Immunity 64 1996 4279 4287
108. A. Hemphill B. Gottstein Identification of a major surface protein on Neospora caninum tachyzoites Parasitology Research 82 1996 497 504
109. A. Hemphill B. Gottstein H. Kaufmann Adhesion and invasion of bovine endothelial cells by Neospora caninum Parasitology 112 1996 183 197
110. A. Hemphill N. Fuchs S. Sonda B. Gottstein B. Hentrich Identification and partial characterization of a 36 kD surface protein on Neospora caninum tachyzoites Parasitology 115 1997 371 380
111. A. Hemphill R. Felleisen B. Connolly B. Gottstein B. Hentrich N.N. Müller Characterization of a cDNA clone encoding Nc-p43, a major Neospora caninum surface protein Parasitology 115 1997 581 590
112. A. Hemphill N. Gajendran S. Sonda N. Fuchs B. Gottstein B. Hentrich M. Jenkins Identification and characterization of a dense granule-associated protein in Neospora caninum tachyzoites International Journal of Parasitology 28 1998 429 438
113. M.S. Ho B.C. Barr A.E. Marsh M.L. Anderson I.D. Rowe A.F. Tarantal A.G. Hendrickx K. Sverlow J.P. Dubey P.A. Conrad Identification of bovine Neospora parasites by PCR amplification and specific small subunit rRNA sequence probe hybridization Journal of Clinical Microbiology 34 1996 1203 1208
114. M.S. Ho B.C. Barr A.F. Tarantal L.T. Lai A.G. Hendrickx A.E. Marsh K.W. Sverlow A.E. Packham P.A. Conrad Detection of Neospora from tissues of experimentally infected rhesus macaques by PCR and specific DNA probe hybridization Journal of Clinical Microbiology 35 1997 1740 1745
115. M.S. Ho B.C. Barr J.D. Rowe M.L. Anderson K.W. Sverlow A. Packham A.E. Marsh P.A. Conrad Detection of Neospora sp. from infected bovine tissues by PCR and probe hybridization Journal of Parasitology 83 1997 508 514
116. A.A. Holder Proteins on the surface of the malaria parasite and cell invasion Parasitology 108 1994 S5 S18
117. O.J.M. Holmdahl J.G. Mattsson Rapid and sensitive identification of Neospora caninum by in vitro amplification of the internal transcribed spacer 1 Parasitology 112 1996 177 182
118. O.J.M. Holmdahl J.G. Mattsson A. Uggla K.E. Johansson The phylogeny of Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii based on ribosomal RNA sequences Federation of the European Microbiology Societies Microbiology Letters 119 1994 187 192
119. O.J.M. Holmdahl C. Björkman A. Uggla A case of Neospora associated bovine abortion in Sweden Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 36 1995 279 281
120. W.L. Homan L. Limper M. Verlaan A. Borst M. Vercammen F. van Knapen Comparison of the internal transcribed spacer, ITS 1, from Toxoplasma gondii isolates and Neospora caninum Parasitology Research 83 1997 285 289
121. D.K. Howe L.D. Sibley Toxoplasma gondii comprises three clonal lineages: correlation of parasite genotype with human disease Journal of Infectious Diseases 172 1995 1561 1566
122. D.K. Howe L.D. Sibley Development of molecular genetics for Neospora caninum: a complementary system to Toxoplasma gondii Methods 13 1997 123 133
123. D.K. Howe C. Mercier M. Messina L.D. Sibley Expression of Toxoplasma gondii genes in the closely related apicomplexan parasite Neospora caninum Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology 86 1997 29 36
124. D.O. Ho-Yen A.W.L. Joss A.H. Balfour E.T.M. Smyth D. Baird J.M.W. Chatterton Use of polymerase chain reaction to detect Toxoplasma gondii in human blood samples Journal of Clinical Pathology 45 1992 910 913
125. G. Huldt Workshop no. 3. Serodiagnosis of parasitic infections Parasitology 82 1981 49 55
126. C.A. Hunter E. Candolfi C. Subauste V. VanCleave J.S. Remington Studies on the role of interleukin.12 in acute murine toxoplasmosis Immunology 84 1995 16 20
127. C.A. Hunter Y. Suzuki C.S. Subauste J.S. Reminton Cells and cytokines in resistance to Toxoplasma gondii Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology 219 1996 113 125
128. E.A. Innes Toxoplasmosis: comparative species susceptibility and host immune response Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases 20 1997 131 138
129. E.A. Innes W.R.M. Panton J. Marks A.J. Trees J. Holmdahl D. Buxton Interferon gamma inhibits the intracellular multiplication of Neospora caninum, as shown by incorporation of 3H uracil Journal of Comparative Pathology 113 1995 95 100
130. E.A. Innes J. Marks A. Lunden A. Mc Lean-Tooke S.W. Maley S. Wright D. Buxton Cell-mediated immune responses to Neospora caninum 1997 Keble College Montpellier VIIth International Coccidiosis Conference and European Union COST820 Workshop. September 1-5
131. D. Jacobs J.F. Dubremetz A. Loyens F. Bosman E. Saman Identification and heterologous expression of a new dense granule protein (GRA7) from Toxoplasma gondii Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology 91 1998 237 249
132. J.E. Jardine The ultrastructure of bradyzoites and tissue cysts of Neospora caninum in dogs: absence of distinguishing morphological features between parasites of canine and bovine origin Veterinary Parasitology 62 1996 231 240
133. M.C. Jenkins W. Wouda J.P. Dubey Serological response over time to recombinant Neospora caninum antigens in cattle after a neosporosis induced abortion Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology 4 1997 270 274
134. K.A. Joiner S.A. Fuhrman H.M. Miettinen L.H. Kasper I. Mellman Toxoplasma gondii: Fusion competence of parasitophorous vacuoles in Fc-receptor-transfected fibroblasts Science 249 1990 641 646
135. K.A. Joiner J.F. Dubremetz Toxoplasma gondii: a protozoan for the nineties Infection and Immunity 61 1993 1169 1172
136. I.A. Kahn T. Matsuura L.H. Kasper IL-10 mediates immunesuppression following primary infection with Toxoplasma gondii in mice Parasite Immunology 17 1995 185 195
137. I.A. Kahn J.D. Schwartzman S. Fonseka L.H. Kasper Neospora caninum: role for immune cytokines in host immunity Experimental Parasitology 85 1997 24 34
138. K.A. Karlsson M.A. Milh J. Anggstroem J. Bergstroem H. Dezfoolian B. Lanne I. Leonardson S. Teneberg Membrane proximity and internal binding in the microbial recognition of host cell glycolipids: a conceptual discussion T.K. Korhonen H. Tapani P.H. Maekelae Molecular recognition in host-parasite interactions 1992 Plenum Press New York 115 132 FEMS Symposium No. 61
139. L.H. Kasper J.R. Mineo Attachment and invasion of host cells by Toxoplasma gondii Parasitology Today 10 1994 184 188
140. + T cells protect against lethal toxoplasmosis in mice infected with Neospora caninum Infection and Immunity 66 1998 1554 1560
141. H. Kaufmann M. Yamage I. Roditi D. Dobbelaere J.P. Dubey O.J.M. Holmdahl A. Trees B. Gottstein Discrimination of Neospora caninum from Toxoplasma gondii and other apicomplexan parasites by hybridization and PCR Molecular and Cellular Probes 10 1996 289 297
142. B. Koudela M. Svoboda C. Björkman A. Uggla Neosporosis in dogs — the first case report in the Czech republic Veterinary Medicine-Czech 43 1998 33 36
143. N.C. Lally M.C. Jenkins J.P. Dubey Evaluation of two Neospora caninum recombinant antigens for use in an ELISA for the diagnosis of bovine neosporosis Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology 3 1996 275 279
144. N.C. Lally M.C. Jenkins J.P. Dubey Development of polymerase chain reaction assay for the diagnosis of neosporosis using the Neospora caninum 14-3-3 gene Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology 75 1996 169 178
145. N.C. Lally M. Jenkins S. Lidell J.P. Dubey A dense granule protein (NCDG1) gene from Neospora caninum Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology 87 1997 239 243
146. A.D. Lander Proteoglycans T. Kreis R. Vale Guidebook to Extracellular Matrix and Adhesion Proteins. 1993 University Press Oxford 12 16
147. L. Lecordier I. Moleon-Borodowsky J.F. Dubremetz B. Tourvieille C. Mercier D. Deslée A. Capron M.F. Cesbron-Delauw Characterization of a dense granule antigen of Toxoplasma gondii (GRA6) associated to the network of the parasitophorous vacuole Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology 70 1995 85 94
148. M.A. Leriche J.F. Dubremetz Characterization of the protein contents of rhoptries and dense granules of Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites by subcellular fractionation and monoclonal antibodies Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology 45 1991 249 260
149. S. Liddell M.C. Jenkins J.P. Dubey Development of a mouse model for neosporosis: PCR detection and quantification of Neospora caninum 1997 Oxford Montpellier UK VIIth International Coccidiosis Conference and European Union COST820 Workshop. September 1-5
150. S. Liddell N.C. Lally M.C. Jenkins J.P. Dubey Isolation of the cDNA encoding a dense granule associated antigen (NCDG2) of Neospora caninum Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology 93 1998 153 158
151. D.S. Lindsay J.P. Dubey Evaluation of anti-coccidial drugs' inhibition of Neospora caninum development in cell cultures Journal of Parasitology 75 1989 990 992
152. D.S. Lindsay J.P. Dubey Immunohistochemical diagnosis of Neospora caninum in tissue sections American Journal of Veterinary Research 50 1989 1981 1983
153. D.S. Lindsay J.P. Dubey Neospora caninum (Protozoa: Apicomplexa) infections in mice Journal of Parasitology 75 1989 772 779
154. D.S. Lindsay J.P. Dubey Effects of sulfadiazine and amprolium on Neospora caninum (Protozoa: Apicomplexa) infections in mice Journal of Parasitology 76 1990 177 179
155. D.S. Lindsay B.L. Blagburn J.P. Dubey Infection of mice with Neospora caninum (Protozoa: Apicomplexa) does not protect against challenge with Toxoplasma gondii Infection and Immunity 58 1990 2699 2700
156. D.S. Lindsay C.A. Speer M.A. Toivio-Kinaucan J.P. Dubey B.L. Blagburn Use of infected cultured cells to compare ultrastructural features of Neospora caninum from dogs and Toxoplasma gondii American Journal of Veterinary Research 54 1993 103 106
157. D.S. Lindsay N.S. Rippey R.A. Cole L.C. Parsons J.P. Dubey R.R. Tidwell B.L. Blagburn Examination of the activities of 43 chemotherapeutic agents against Neospora caninum tachyzoites in cultured cells American Journal of Veterinary Research 55 1994 976 981
158. D.S. Lindsay S.D. Lenz R.A. Cole J.P. Dubey B.L. Blagburn Mouse model for central nervous system Neospora caninum infections Journal of Parasitology 81 1995 313 315
159. D.S. Lindsay N.S. Rippey T.A. Powe E.A. Sartin J.P. Dubey B.L. Blagburn Abortion, fetal death, and stillbirth in pregnant pygmy goats inoculated with tachyzoites of Neospora caninum American Journal of Veterinary Research 56 1995 1176 1180
160. D.S. Lindsay J.M. Butler N.S. Rippey B.L. Blagburn Demonstration of synergistic effects of sulfonamides and dihydrofolate reductase/thymidylate synthase inhibitors against Neospora caninum tachyzoites in cultured cells, and characterization of mutants resistant to pyrimethamine American Journal of Veterinary Research 57 1996 68 72
161. D.S. Lindsay E.J. Kelly R. McKown F.J. Stein J. Plozer J. Herman B.L. Blagburn J.P. Dubey Prevalence of Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in coyotes (Canis latrans) and experimental infections of coyotes with Neospora caninum Journal of Parasitology 82 1996 657 659
162. D.S. Lindsay H. Steinberg R.R. Dubielzig S.D. Semrad D.M. Konkle P.E. Miller B.L. Blagburn Central nervous system neosporosis in a foal Journal of Veterinary Diagnosis and Investigations 8 1996 507 510
163. D.S. Lindsay J.M. Butler B.L. Blagburn Efficacy of decoquinate against Neospora caninum tachyzoites in cell culture Veterinary Parasitology 68 1997 35 40
164. D.S. Lindsay S.D. Lenz C.C. Dykstra B.L. Blagburn J.P. Dubey Vaccination of mice with Neospora caninum: response to oral challenge with Toxoplasma gondii oocysts Journal of Parasitology 84 1998 311 315
165. K. Loevgren A. Uggla B. Morein A new approach to the preparation of a Toxoplasma gondii membrane antigen for use in ELISA Journal of Veterinary Medicine 34 1987 274 282
166. M.T. Long T.V. Baszler Fetal loss in Balb/c mice infected with Neospora caninum Journal of Parasitology 82 1996 608 611
167. M.T. Long T.V. Baszler B.A. Mathison Comparison of intracerebral parasite load, lesion development, and systemic cytokines in mouse strains infected with Neospora caninum Journal of Parasitology 84 1998 316 324
168. K. Louie K.W. Sverlow B.C. Barr M.L. Anderson P.A. Conrad Cloning and characterization of two recombinant Neospora protein fragments and their use in serodiagnosis of bovine neosporosis Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology 4 1997 692 699
169. E. Lycke O. Strannegard Enhancement by lysozyme and hyaluronidase of the penetration by Toxoplasma gondii into cultured host cells British Journal of Experimental Pathology 46 1965 189 199
170. E. Lycke R. Norrby Demonstration of a factor of Toxoplasma gondii enhancing the penetration of Toxoplasma parasites into cultured host cells British Journal of Experimental Pathology 47 1966 248 256
171. D. Mack L. Kasper R. McLeod Alterations in cell surface glycosylation, heparin and chondroitin sulfate do not modify invasion of CHO cells by the PTg B strain of Toxoplasma gondii Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 41 1994 14S
172. A.E. Marsh B.C. Bar K. Sverlow M. Ho J.P. Dubey P.A. Conrad Sequence analysis and comparison of ribosomal DNA from bovine Neospora to similar coccidial parasites Journal of Parasitology 81 1995 530 535
173. A.E. Marsh B.C. Barr J.E. Madigan P.A. Conrad In vitro cultivation and characterization of a Neospora isolate obtained from a horse with protozoal myeloencephalitis Procedures of the American Society of Parasitology and The Society of Protozoologists. 1996 Arizona June 11-15
174. J. Mauël Intracellular survival of protozoan parasites with special reference to Leishmania spp., Toxoplasma gondii and Trypanosoma cruzi Advances in Parasitology 38 1996 1 53
175. I.G. Mayhew K.C. Smith J.P. Dubey L.K. Gatward N.J. McGlennon Treatment of encephalomyelitis due to Neospora caninum in a litter of puppies Journal of Small Animal Practice 32 1991 609 612
176. M.M. McAllister E.M. Hoffmann S.K. Hietala P.A. Conrad M.L. Anderson M.O. Salman Evidence suggesting a point source exposure in an outbreak of bovine abortion due to neosporosis Journal of Veterinary Diagnosis and Investigations 8 1996 355 357
177. M.M. McAllister A.M. McGuire W.R. Jolley D.S. Lindsay A.J. Trees R.H. Stobart Experimental neosporosis in pregnant ewes and their offspring Veterinary Pathology 33 1996 647 655
178. M.M. McAllister S.F. Parmley L.M. Weiss V.J. Welch A.M. McGuire An immunohistochemical method for detecting bradyzoite antigen (BAG5) in Toxoplasma gondii-infected tissues cross-reacts with a Neospora caninum bradyzoite antigen Journal of Parasitology 82 1996 354 355
179. A.M. McGuire M.M. McAllister W.R. Jolley R.C. Anderson-Sprecher A protocol for the production of Neospora caninum tissue cysts in mice Journal of Parasitology 83 1997 647 651
180. A.M. McGuire M.M. McAllister W.R. Jolley Separation and cryopreservation of Neospora caninum tissue cysts from murine brains Journal of Parasitology 83 1997 319 321
181. A.R. Moen, W. Wouda, and van T. Werven, 1995. Clinical and sero-epidemiological follow-up study in four dairy herds with an outbreak of Neospora abortion. Procedures of the Dutch Society for Veterinary Epidemiology and Economics. December 13. Lelystad
182. R. Mondragon E. Frixione Ca(2+) dependence of conoid extrusion in Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 43 1996 120 127
183. D.G. Mordue L.D. Sibley Intracellular fate of vacuoles containing Toxoplasma gondii is determined at the time of formation and depends on the mechanism of entry Journal of Immunology 159 1997 4452 4459
184. J.H. Morisaki J.E. Heuser D.L. Sibley Invasion of Toxoplasma gondii occurs by active penetration of the host cell Journal of Cell Science 108 1995 2457 2464
185. N. Müller V. Zimmermann B. Hentrich B. Gosttstein Diagnosis of Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii infection by PCR and DNA hybridization immunoassay Journal of Clinical Microbiology 34 1996 2850 2852
186. N. Müller M. McAllister N. Fuchs B. Hentrich B. Gottstein A. Hemphill Differential immunohistochemical- and PCR-based detection of Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii bradyzoites in paraffin-embedded brain tissue from infected mice 1997 Oxford England VIIth International Coccidiosis Conference and European Union COST820 Workshop. September 1-5
187. H. Nagasawa K. Himeno N. Suzuki Mini review: protective immunity in toxoplasmosis Applied Parasitology 37 1996 284 292
188. R. Norrby Immunological study on the host cell penetration factor of Toxoplasma gondii Infection and Immunity 3 1971 278 286
189. D.L. Obendorf N. Murray G. Veldhuis B.L. Munday J.P. Dubey Abortion caused by neosporosis in cattle Austrian Veterinary Journal 72 1995 117 118
190. B. Oebrink Cell adhesion and cell-cell contact proteins T. Kreis R. Vale Guidebook to the Extracellular Matrix and Adhesion Proteins. 1993 University Press Oxford 109 114
191. M. Odin J.P. Dubey Sudden death associated with Neospora caninum-myocarditis in a dog Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 203 1993 831 833
192. P.N. Ossorio J.D. Schwartzman J.C. Boothroyd A Toxoplasma gondii rhoptry protein associated with host cell penetration has unusual charge asymmetry Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology 50 1992 1 16
193. Paré J. S.K. Hietala M.C. Thurmond An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for serological diagnosis of Neospora sp. infection in cattle Journal of Veterinary Diagnosis and Investigations 7 1995 352 359
194. S.M. Parish L. Maag-Miller T.E. Besser J.P. Weidner T. McElwain D.P. Knowles C.W. LeaUhers Myelitis associated with protozoal infection in newborn calves Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 191 1987 1599 1600
195. S.F. Parmley F.D. Goebel J.S. Remington Detection of Toxoplasma gondii in cerebrospinal fluid from AIDS patients by polymerase chain reaction Journal of Clinical Microbiology 30 1992 1127 1133
196. G. Pasvol J. Carlsson B. Clough Recognition of molecules on red cells for malarial parasites T.K. Korhonen T. Hovi P.H. Maekelae Molecular Recognition in Host-Parasite Interactions. FEMS Symposium No. 61. 1992 Plenum Press New York 173 200
197. S. Payne J. Ellis Detection of Neospora caninum DNA by the polymerase chain reaction International Journal of Parasitology 26 1996 347 351
198. M.E. Perkins Rhoptry organelles of apicomplexan parasites Parasitology Today 8 1992 28 32
199. K.A. Rockett M.M. Auburn A.J. Rockett W.B. Cowden I.A. Clark Possible role of nitric oxide in malarial immunosuppression Parasite Immunology 16 1994 243 249
200. S. Romand P. Thulliez J.P. Dubey Direct agglutination test for serologic diagnosis of Neospora caninum infection Parasitology Research 60 1998 50 53
201. L. Saffer J.D. Schwartzman A soluble phospholipase of Toxoplasma gondii associated with host cell penetration Journal of Protozoology 38 1991 454 460
202. L. Saffer O. Mercereau-Puijalon J.F. Dubremetz J.D. Schwartzman Localization of a Toxoplasma gondii rhoptry protein by immunoelectron microscopy during and after host cell penetration Journal of Protozoology 39 1992 526 530
203. T.Y. Sam-Yellowe Rhoptry organelles of the apicomplexa: their role in host cell invasion and intracellular survival Parasitology Today 12 1996 308 316
204. K. Sasai H.S. Lillehoj A. Hemphill H. Matsuda V. Hanioka T. Fukata E. Baba A. Arakawa A chicken monoclonal antibody identifies a common epitope which is present on the apicomplexan coccidian parasites Journal of Parasitology 84 1998 654 656
205. D. Savva J.C. Morris J.D. Johnson R.E. Holliman Polymerase chain reaction for detection of Toxoplasma gondii Journal of Medical Microbiology 32 1990 25 31
206. M. Sawada Park C.H. T. Morita A. Shimada T. Umemura M. Haritani Pathological findings of nude mice inoculated with bovine Neospora Journal of Veterinary Medical Science 59 1997 947 948
207. G. Schares, F.J. Conraths, 1996. Characterization of surface antigens of Neospora caninum tachyzoites. Proceedings COST820, Vaccines against Animal Coccidiosis. October 10-12, Copenhagen, Denmark.
208. G. Schares J.F. Dubremetz A. Loyens A. Bärwald F.J. Conraths Characterization of Neospora caninum antigens by monoclonal antibodies 1997 Oxford England VIIth International Coccidiosis Conference and European Union COST820 Workshop. September 1-5
209. S. Schenkman E.S. Robbins V. Nussenzweig Attachment of Trypanosoma cruzi requires parasite energy and invasion can be independent of the target cell cytoskeleton Infection and Immunity 59 1991 645 654
210. M.K. Shaw The same but different: the biology of Theileria sporozoite entry into bovine cells International Journal of Parasitology 27 1997 457 474
211. A. Sher E.Y. Denkers R.T. Gazzinelli Induction and regulation of host cell-mediated immunity by Toxoplasma gondii Ciba Foundation Symposia 195 1995 95 104
212. L.D. Sibley Invasion of vertebrate cells by Toxoplasma gondii Trends in Cell Biology 5 1995 129 133
213. L.D. Sibley L.B. Adams J. Krahenbuhl Macrophage interactions in toxoplasmosis Research in Immunology 144 1993 38 40
214. L.D. Sibley I.R. Niesman T. Asai T. Takeuchi Toxoplasma gondii: secretion of a potent nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase into the parasitophorous vacuole Experimental Parasitology 79 1994 301 311
215. L.D. Sibley I.R. Niesman S.F. Parmley M.F. Cesbron-Delauw Regulated secretion of multilamellar vesicles leads to formation of a tubuvesicular network in host-cell vacuoles occupied by Toxoplasma gondii Journal of Cell Science 108 1995 1669 1677
216. B.K.L. Sim P.A. Orlandi J.D. Haynes F.W. Klotz J.M. Carter D. Camus M.E. Zegans J.D. Chulay Primary structure of the 175K Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte binding antigen and identification of a peptide which elicits antibodies that inhibit malaria merozoite invasion Journal of Cell Biology 111 1990 1877 1884
217. B.K.L. Sim T. Toyoshima J.D. Haynes M. Aikawa Localization of the 175-kilodalton erythrocyte binding antigen in micronemes of Plasmodium falciparum merozoites Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology 51 1992 157 160
218. J.E. Smith A ubiquitous intracellular parasite: the cellular biology of Toxoplasma gondii International Journal of Parasitology 25 1995 1301 1309
219. D. Soldati K. Kim J. Kampmeier J.F. Dubremetz J.C. Boothroyd Complementation of a Toxoplasma gondii ROP1 knock-out mutant using phleomycin selection Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology 74 1995 87 97
220. S. Sonda N. Fuchs B. Conolly P. Fernandez B. Gottstein A. Hemphill The major 36 kDa Neospore caninum tachyzoite surface protein is closely related to the major Toxoplasma gondii surface antigen 1 Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology. 1998
221. C.A. Speer J.P. Dubey Ultrastructure of tachyzoites, bradyzoites and tissue cysts of Neospora caninum Journal of Protozoology 36 1989 458 463
222. S. Stenlund C. Björkman O.J.M. Holmdahl H. Kindahl A. Uggla Characterization of a Swedish bovine isolate of Neospora caninum Parasitology Research 83 1997 214 219
223. S. Stenlund H. Kindahl A. Uggla C. Björkman Neospora caninum antibody levels in pregnant cattle 1997 Oxford England VIIth International Coccidiosis Conference and European Union COST820 Workshop. September 1-5
224. C.A. Sundermann B.H. Estridge M.S. Branton C.R. Bridgman D.S. Lindsay Immunohistochemical diagnosis of Toxoplasma gondii: potential for crossreactivity with Neospora caninum Journal of Parasitology 83 1977 440 443
225. E. Suss-Toby J. Zimmerberg G.E. Ward Toxoplasma invasion: the parasitophorous vacuole is formed from host cell plasma membrane and pinches off via a fission pore Procedures of the National Academy of Science USA 93 1996 8413 8418
226. A. Tait D.L. Sacks The cell biology of parasite invasion and survival Parasitology Today 8 1988 228 234
227. A.M. Tenter A.M. Johnson Phylogeny of the tissue-cyst forming coccidia Advances in Parasitology 39 1997 70 141
228. J.P. Thilsted J.P. Dubey Neosporosis-like abortions in a herd of dairy cattle Journal of Veterinary Diagnosis and Investigations 1 1989 205 209
229. R.N. Thornton A. Gajadhar J. Evans Neospora abortion epidemic in a dairy herd New Zealand Veterinary Journal 42 1994 190 191
230. M.C. Thurmond S.K. Hietala Effect of Neospora caninum infection on milk production in first-lactation dairy cows Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 210 1997 672 674
231. S. Tomavo The major surface proteins of Toxoplasma gondii: structures and functions Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology 219 1996 45 54
232. K.L. Wan V.B. Carruthers L.D. Sibley J.W. Ajioka Molecular characterization of an expressed sequence tag locus of Toxoplasma gondii encodes the micronemal protein MIC2 Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology 84 1997 203 214
233. J.M. Wastling S. Nicoll D. Buxton Comparison of two gene amplification methods for the detection of Toxoplasma gondii in experimentally infected sheep Journal of Clinical Microbiology 38 1993 360 365
234. L.M. Weiss Y. Ma In vitro development of bradyzoites and cysts of Neospora caninum 1997 Woods Hole MA, USA Molecular Parasitology Meeting VIII. September 24-28
235. R. Werk How does Toxoplasma gondii enter host cells Reviews in Infectious Diseases 7 1985 449 457
236. R. Werner-Meier R. Entzeroth Diffusion of microinjected markers across the parasitophorous vacuole membrane in cells infected with Eimeria nieschulzi (Coccidia, Apicomplexa) Parasitology Research 83 1997 611 613
237. D.J.L. Williams J. McGarry F. Guy J.S. Barber A.J. Trees A novel ELISA for detection of Neospora-specific antibodies in cattle Veterinary Record 140 1996 328 331
238. D.J.L. Williams C. Guy K. Taylor H.C. Davison J. McGarry F. Guy A.J. Trees Cellular and humoral immune responses in cattle infected with Neospora caninum 1997 Oxford England VIIth International Coccidiosis Conference and European Union COST820 Workshop. September 1-5
239. W. Wouda A.R. Moen I.J.R. Visser F. VanKnappen Bovine fetal neosporosis: a comparison of epizootic and sporadic abortion cases and different age classes with regards to lesion severity and immunohistochemical identification in brain, heart and liver Journal of Veterinary Diagnosis and Investigations 9 1997 180 185
240. W. Wouda J.P. Dubey M.C. Jenkins Serological diagnosis of bovine fetal neosporosis Journal of Parasitology 83 1997 545 547
241. M.J. Yaeger S. Shawd-Wessels P. Leslie-Steen Neospora abortion storm in a midwestern dairy Journal of Veterinary Diagnosis and Investigations 6 1994 506 508
242. M. Yamage O. Flechtner B. Gottstein Neospora caninum: specific oligonucleotide primers for the detection of brain 'cyst' DNA of experimentally infected nude mice by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) Journal of Parasitology 82 1996 272 279
243. I. Yamane T. Kokuho K. Shimura M. Eto T. Shibahara M. Haritani Y. Ouchi K. Sverlow P.A. Conrad In vitro isolation and characterization of a bovine Neospora species in Japan Research in Veterinary Science 63 1997 77 80
244. J.H. Youn H.W. Nam D.J. Kim Y.M. Park W.K. Kim W.S. Kim W.Y. Choi Cell cycle-dependent entry of Toxoplasma gondii into synchronized HL-60 cells Kisaengch'ung Hak Chapchi 29 1991 121 128
245. M.M. McAllister J.P. Dubey D.S. Lindsay W.R. Jolley R.A. Wills A.M. McGuire Dogs are definitive hosts of Neospora caninum International Journal for Parasitology 28 1998 1473 1478