The yeast telomere length counting machinery is sensitive to sequences at the telomere-nontelomere junction

Molecular and Cellular Biology

Volumn 19, Issue 1, 1999, Pages 31-45

  Ray, Alo ^a   Runge, Kurt W ^a  

^a LERNER RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FUNGAL DNA;

ARTICLE; CELL TRANSFORMATION; DNA SEQUENCE; NONHUMAN; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE; SOUTHERN BLOTTING; TELOMERE; YEAST;

EID: 0032913466     PISSN: 02707306     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1128/MCB.19.1.31     Document Type: Article

References (55)

1. Aparicio, O. M., and D. E. Gottschling. 1994. Overcoming telomeric silencing: a transactivator competes to establish gene expression in a cell cycle-dependent way. Genes Dev. 8:1133-1146.
2. Bianchi, A., S. Smith, L. Chong, P. Elias, and T. de Lange. 1997. TRF1 is a dimer and bends telomeric DNA. EMBO J. 16:1785-1794.
3. Brun, C., S. Marcand, and E. Gilson. 1997. Proteins that bind to double-stranded regions of telomeric DNA. Trends Cell Biol. 7:317-324.
4. Buchman, A. R., N. F. Lue, and R. D. Kornberg. 1998. Connections between transcriptional activators, silencers, and telomeres as revealed by functional analysis of a yeast DNA-binding protein. Mol. Cell. Biol. 8:5086-5099.
5. Conrad, M. N., J. H. Wright, A. J. Wolf, and V. A. Zakian. 1990. RAP1 protein interacts with yeast telomeres in vivo: overproduction alters telomere structure and decreases chromosome stability. Cell 63:739-750.
6. Garvik, B., M. Carson, and L. Hartwell. 1995. Single-stranded DNA arising at telomeres in cdc13 mutants may constitute a specific signal for the RAD9 checkpoint. Mol. Cell. Biol. 15:6128-6138.
7. Gilson, E., M. Roberge, R. Giraldo, D. Rhodes, and S. M. Gasser. 1993. Distortion of the DNA double helix by RAP1 at silencers and multiple telomeric binding sites. J. Mol. Biol. 231:293-310.
8. Gotta, M., and M. Cockell. 1997. Telomeres, not the end of the story. Bioessays 19:367-370.
9. Grandin, N., S. I. Reed, and M. Charbonneau. 1997. Stn1, a new Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein, is implicated in telomere size regulation in association with Cdc13. Genes Dev. 11:512-527.
10. Gravel, S., M. Larrivee, P. Labrecque, and R. J. Wellinger. 1998. Yeast Ku as a regulator of chromosomal DNA end structure. Science 280:741-744.
11. Greider, C. W. 1996. Telomere length regulation. Annu. Rev Biochem. 65: 337-365.
12. Hardy, C. F. J., D. Balderes, and D. Shore. 1992. Dissection of a carboxy-terminal region of the yeast regulatory protein RAP1 with effects on both transcriptional activation and silencing. Mol. Cell. Biol. 12:1209-1217.
13. Hardy, C. F. J., L. Sussel, and D. Shore. 1992. A RAP1-interacting protein involved in transcriptional silencing and telomere length regulation. Genes Dev. 6:801-814.
14. Hecht, A., T. Laroche, S. Strahl-Bolsinger, S. M. Gasser, and M. Grunstein. 1995. Histone H3 and H4 N-termini interact with SIR3 and SIR4 proteins: a molecular model for the formation of heterchromatin in yeast. Cell 80:583-592.
15. Hecht, A., S. Strahl-Bolsinger, and M. Grunstein. 1996. Spreading of transcriptional repressor SIR3 from telomeric heterochromatin. Nature 383:92-95.
16. Henry, Y. A. L., A. Chambers, J. S. H. Tsang, A. J. Kingsman, and S. M. Kingsman. 1990. Characterisation of the DNA binding domain of the yeast RAP1 protein. Nucleic Acids Res. 18:2617-2623.
17. Konig, P., R. Giraldo, L. Chapman, and D. Rhodes. 1996. The crystal structure of the DNA-binding domain of yeast RAP1 in complex with telomere DNA. Cell 85:125-136.
18. 1-3 repeats. Genes Dev. 7:2345-2356.
19. Krauskopf, A., and E. H. Blackburn. 1996. Control of telomere growth by interactions of RAP1 with the most distal telomere repeats. Nature 383:354-357.
20. Kyrion, G., K. A. Boakye, and A. J. Lustig. 1992. C-terminal truncation of RAP1 results in the deregulation of telomere size, stability, and function in Sacchoromyces cerevisiae. Mol. Cell. Biol. 12:5159-5173.
21. Kyrion, G., K. Liu, C. Liu, and A. J. Lustig. 1993. RAP1 and telomere structure regulate telomere position effects in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genes Dev. 7:1146-1159.
22. Laman, H., D. Balderes, and D. Shore. 1995. Disturbance of normal cell cycle progression enhances the establishment of transcriptional silencing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol. Cell. Biol. 15:3608-3617.
23. Li, B., and A. J. Lustig. 1996. A novel mechanism for telomere size control in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genes Dev. 10:1310-1326.
24. Lingner, J., T. R. Hughes, A. Shevchenko, M. Mann, V. Lundblad, and T. R. Cech. 1997. Reverse transcriptase motifs in the catalytic subunit of telomerase. Science 276:561-567.
25. Liu, C., X. Mao, and A. J. Lustig. 1994. Mutational analysis defines a C-terminal tail domain of RAP1 essential for telomeric silencing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genetics 138:1025-1040.
26. Lustig, A. J., S. Kurtz, and D. Shore. 1990. Involvement of the silencer and UAS binding protein RAP1 in regulation of telomere length. Science 250: 549-553.
27. Lustig, A. J., C. Liu, C. Zhang, and J. P. Hanish. 1996. Tethered Sir3p nucleates silencing at telomeres and internal loci in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol. Cell. Biol. 16:2483-2495.
28. Makarov, V. L., Y. Hirose, and J. P. Langmore. 1997. Long G tails at both ends of human chromosomes suggest a C strand degradation mechanism for telomere shortening. Cell 88:657-666.
29. Marcand, S., E. Gilson, and D. Shore. 1997. A protein-counting mechanism for telomere length regulation in yeast. Science 275:986-990.
30. McCarroll, R. M., and W. L. Fangman. 1988. Time of replication of yeast centromeres and telomeres. Cell 54:505-513.
31. McEachern, M. J., and E. H. Blackburn. 1995. Runaway telomere elongation caused by telomerase RNA gene mutations. Nature 376:403-409.
32. McElligott, R., and R. J. Wellinger. 1997. The terminal DNA structure of mammalian chromosomes. EMBO J. 16:3705-3714.
33. Moretti, P., K. Freeman, L. Coodly, and D. Shore. 1994. Evidence that a complex of SIR proteins interacts with the silencer and telomere-binding protein RAP1. Genes Dev. 8:2257-2269.
34. Nugent, C. I., T. R. Hughes, N. F. Lue, and V. Lundblad. 1996. Cdc13p: a single-stranded telomeric DNA-binding protein with a dual role in yeast telomere maintenance. Science 274:249-252.
35. Palladino, F., T. Laroche, E. Gilson, A. Axelrod, L. Pillus, and S. M. Gasser. 1993. SIR3 and SIR4 proteins are required for the positioning and integrity of yeast telomeres. Cell 75:543-555.
36. Pluta, A. F., and V. A. Zakian. 1989. Recombination occurs during telomere formation in yeast. Nature 337:429-433.
37. Porter, S. E., P. W. Greenwell, K. B. Ritchie, and T. D. Petes. 1996. The DNA-binding protein Hdf1p (a putative Ku homologue) is required for maintaining normal telomere length in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Nucleic Acids Res. 24:582-585.
38. Ray, A., and K. Runge. 1998. The C terminus of the major yeast telomere binding protein Rap1p enhances telomere formation. Mol. Cell. Biol. 18: 1284-1295.
39. Renauld, H., O. M. Aparicio, P. D. Zierath, B. L. Billington, S. K. Chhablani, and D. E. Gottschling. 1993. Silent domains are assembled continuously from the telomere and are defined by promoter distance and strength, and by SIR3 dosage. Genes Dev. 7:1133-1145.
40. Runge, K. W., and V. A. Zakian. 1989. Introduction of extra telomeric DNA sequences into Saccharomyces cerevisiae results in telomere elongation. Mol. Cell. Biol. 9:1488-1497.
41. Runge, K. W., and V. A. Zakian. 1996. TEL2, an essential gene required tor telomere length regulation and telomere position effect in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol. Cell. Biol. 16:3094-3105.
42. Sambrook, J., E. F. Fritsch, and T. Maniatis. 1989. Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual, 2nd ed. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.
43. Schultz, V. Personal communication.
44. Shampay, J., and E. H. Blackburn. 1988. Generation of telomere-length heterogeneity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85: 534-538.
45. Strahl-Bolsinger, S., A. Hecht, K. Luo, and M. Grunstein. 1997. SIR2 and SIR4 interactions differ in core and extended telomeric heterochromatin in yeast. Genes Dev. 11:83-93.
46. Sussel, L., and D. Shore. 1991. Separation of transcriptional activations and silencing functions of the RAP1-encoded repressor/activator protein 1: isolation of viable mutants affecting both silencing and telomere length. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88:7749-7753.
47. Tsukamoto, Y., J. Kato, and H. Ikeda. 1997. Silencing factors participate in DNA repair and recombination in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Nature 388: 900-903.
48. van Steensel, B., and T. de Lange. 1997. Control of telomere length by the human telomeric protein TRF1. Nature 385:740-743.
49. Wang, S. S., and V. A. Zakian. 1990. Sequencing of Saccharomyces telomeres cloned using T4 DNA polymerase reveals two domains. Mol. Cell. Biol. 10: 4415-1419.
50. Wellinger, R. J., K. Ethier, P. Labrecque, and V. A. Zakian. 1996. Evidence for a new step in telomere maintenance. Cell 85:423-433.
51. 1-3 tails late in S phase. Cell 72:51-60.
52. Wiley, E. A., and V. A. Zakian. 1995. Extra telomeres, but not internal tracts of telomeric DNA. reduce transcriptional repression at Saccharomyces telomeres. Genetics 139:67-79.
53. Wotton, D., and D. Shore. 1997. A novel Rap1p-interacting factor, Rif2p, cooperates with Rif1p to regulate telomere length in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genes Dev. 11:748-760.
54. Wright, J., D. Gottschling, and V. A. Zakian. 1992. Saccharomyces telomeres assume a non-nucleosomal structure. Genes Dev. 6:197-210.
55. Zakian, V. A. 1996. Structure, function and replication of Saccharomyces cerevisiae telomeres. Annu. Rev. Genet. 30:141-172.