메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 84, Issue 2, 1999, Pages 113-120

Mechanisms and therapeutic applications of immune stimulatory CpG DNA

Author keywords

B cell; Dendritic cell; Immunotherapy; Lymphocyte activation; Vaccine

Indexed keywords

ADJUVANT; CANCER VACCINE; CYTOKINE; DINUCLEOTIDE; DNA VACCINE; OLIGODEOXYNUCLEOTIDE;

EID: 0032867015     PISSN: 01637258     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0163-7258(99)00023-6     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (88)

References (64)
  • 2
    • 0030239828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of natural killer activity in murine and human cells by CpG motifs in oligodeoxynucleotides and bacterial DNA
    • Ballas Z.K., Rasmussen W.L., Krieg A.M. Induction of natural killer activity in murine and human cells by CpG motifs in oligodeoxynucleotides and bacterial DNA. J Immunol. 157:1996;1840-1845.
    • (1996) J Immunol , vol.157 , pp. 1840-1845
    • Ballas, Z.K.1    Rasmussen, W.L.2    Krieg, A.M.3
  • 3
    • 0032910973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CpG-oligodeoxynucleotides co-stimulate primary T cells in the absence of antigen-presenting cells
    • Bendigs S., Salzer U., Lipford G.B., Wagner H., Heeg K. CpG-oligodeoxynucleotides co-stimulate primary T cells in the absence of antigen-presenting cells. Eur J Immunol. 29:1999;1209-1218.
    • (1999) Eur J Immunol , vol.29 , pp. 1209-1218
    • Bendigs, S.1    Salzer, U.2    Lipford, G.B.3    Wagner, H.4    Heeg, K.5
  • 4
    • 0022338699 scopus 로고
    • DNA binding to human leukocytes. Evidence for a receptor-mediated association, internalization, and degradation of DNA
    • Bennett R.M., Gabor G.T., Merritt M.M. DNA binding to human leukocytes. Evidence for a receptor-mediated association, internalization, and degradation of DNA. J Clin Invest. 76:1985;2182-2190.
    • (1985) J Clin Invest , vol.76 , pp. 2182-2190
    • Bennett, R.M.1    Gabor, G.T.2    Merritt, M.M.3
  • 5
    • 0023472826 scopus 로고
    • CpG islands as gene markers in the vertebrate nucleus
    • Bird A.P. CpG islands as gene markers in the vertebrate nucleus. Trends Genet. 3:1987;342-347.
    • (1987) Trends Genet , vol.3 , pp. 342-347
    • Bird, A.P.1
  • 7
    • 0030613651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CpG oligodeoxynucleotides act as adjuvants that switch on Th1 immunity
    • Chu R.S., Targoni O.S., Krieg A.M., Lehmann P.V., Harding C.V. CpG oligodeoxynucleotides act as adjuvants that switch on Th1 immunity. J Exp Med. 186:1997;1623-1631.
    • (1997) J Exp Med , vol.186 , pp. 1623-1631
    • Chu, R.S.1    Targoni, O.S.2    Krieg, A.M.3    Lehmann, P.V.4    Harding, C.V.5
  • 8
    • 0029934754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bacterial DNA induces NK cells to produce interferon-γ In vivo and increases the toxicity of lipopolysaccharides
    • Cowdery J.S., Chace J.H., Yi A.-K., Krieg A.M. Bacterial DNA induces NK cells to produce interferon-γ in vivo and increases the toxicity of lipopolysaccharides. J Immunol. 156:1996;4570-4575.
    • (1996) J Immunol , vol.156 , pp. 4570-4575
    • Cowdery, J.S.1    Chace, J.H.2    Yi, A.-K.3    Krieg, A.M.4
  • 9
    • 0030245626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of antisense oligonucleotides on cytokine release from human keratinocytes in an in vitro model of skin
    • Crooke R.M., Crooke S.T., Graham M.J., Cooke M.E. Effect of antisense oligonucleotides on cytokine release from human keratinocytes in an in vitro model of skin. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 140:1996;85-93.
    • (1996) Toxicol Appl Pharmacol , vol.140 , pp. 85-93
    • Crooke, R.M.1    Crooke, S.T.2    Graham, M.J.3    Cooke, M.E.4
  • 10
    • 0031964257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CpG DNA is a potent adjuvant in mice immunized with recombinant hepatitis B surface antigen
    • Davis H.L., Weeranta R., Waldschmidt T.J., Tygrett L., Schorr J., Krieg A.M. CpG DNA is a potent adjuvant in mice immunized with recombinant hepatitis B surface antigen. J Immunol. 160:1998;870-876.
    • (1998) J Immunol , vol.160 , pp. 870-876
    • Davis, H.L.1    Weeranta, R.2    Waldschmidt, T.J.3    Tygrett, L.4    Schorr, J.5    Krieg, A.M.6
  • 11
    • 0033558121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bacterial DNA containing CpG motifs stimulates lymphocyte-dependent protection of mice against lethal infection with intracellular bacteria
    • Elkins K.L., Rhinehart-Jones T.R., Stibitz S., Conover J.S., Klinman D.M. Bacterial DNA containing CpG motifs stimulates lymphocyte-dependent protection of mice against lethal infection with intracellular bacteria. J Immunol. 162:1999;2291-2298.
    • (1999) J Immunol , vol.162 , pp. 2291-2298
    • Elkins, K.L.1    Rhinehart-Jones, T.R.2    Stibitz, S.3    Conover, J.S.4    Klinman, D.M.5
  • 13
    • 0028957214 scopus 로고
    • Induction of cross-reactive anti-dsDNA antibodies in preautoimmune NZB/NZW mice by immunization with bacterial DNA
    • Gilkeson G.S., Pippen A.M.M., Pisetsky D.S. Induction of cross-reactive anti-dsDNA antibodies in preautoimmune NZB/NZW mice by immunization with bacterial DNA. J Clin Invest. 95:1995;1398-1402.
    • (1995) J Clin Invest , vol.95 , pp. 1398-1402
    • Gilkeson, G.S.1    Pippen, A.M.M.2    Pisetsky, D.S.3
  • 15
    • 0033027749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CpG DNA and LPS induce distinct patterns of activation in human monocytes
    • in press
    • Hartmann, G., & Krieg, A. M. (1999) CpG DNA and LPS induce distinct patterns of activation in human monocytes. Gene Ther, in press.
    • (1999) Gene Ther
    • Hartmann, G.1    Krieg, A.M.2
  • 16
    • 0029771599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oligodeoxynucleotides enhance lipopolysaccharide-stimulated synthesis of tumor necrosis factor: Dependence on phosphorothioate modification and reversal by heparin
    • Hartmann G., Krug A., Waller-Fontaine K., Endres S. Oligodeoxynucleotides enhance lipopolysaccharide-stimulated synthesis of tumor necrosis factor. dependence on phosphorothioate modification and reversal by heparin Mol Med. 2:1996;429-438.
    • (1996) Mol Med , vol.2 , pp. 429-438
    • Hartmann, G.1    Krug, A.2    Waller-Fontaine, K.3    Endres, S.4
  • 17
    • 0032531036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation of cutaneous dendritic cells by CpG-containing oligodeoxynucleotides: A role for dendritic cells in the augmentation of Th1 responses by immunostimulatory DNA
    • Jakob T., Walker P.S., Krieg A.M., Udey M.C., Vogel J.C. Activation of cutaneous dendritic cells by CpG-containing oligodeoxynucleotides. a role for dendritic cells in the augmentation of Th1 responses by immunostimulatory DNA J Immunol. 161(6):1998;3042-3049.
    • (1998) J Immunol , vol.161 , Issue.6 , pp. 3042-3049
    • Jakob, T.1    Walker, P.S.2    Krieg, A.M.3    Udey, M.C.4    Vogel, J.C.5
  • 18
  • 19
    • 0032521274 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of airway inflammation by CpG oligodeoxynucleotides in a murine model of asthma
    • Kline J.N., Businga T.R., Waldschmidt T.J., Weinstock J.V., Krieg A.M. Modulation of airway inflammation by CpG oligodeoxynucleotides in a murine model of asthma. J Immunol. 160:1998;2555-2559.
    • (1998) J Immunol , vol.160 , pp. 2555-2559
    • Kline, J.N.1    Businga, T.R.2    Waldschmidt, T.J.3    Weinstock, J.V.4    Krieg, A.M.5
  • 20
    • 0029984358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CpG motifs expressed by bacterial DNA rapidly induce lymphocytes to secrete IL-6, IL-12 and IFN
    • Klinman D., Yi A.-K., Beaucage S.L., Conover J., Krieg A.M. CpG motifs expressed by bacterial DNA rapidly induce lymphocytes to secrete IL-6, IL-12 and IFN. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 93:1996;2879-2883.
    • (1996) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.93 , pp. 2879-2883
    • Klinman, D.1    Yi, A.-K.2    Beaucage, S.L.3    Conover, J.4    Krieg, A.M.5
  • 21
    • 85053326915 scopus 로고
    • Uptake and localization of phosphodiester and chimeric oligodeoxynucleotides in normal and leukemic primary cells
    • S. Akhtar. New York: CRC Press. a
    • Krieg A.M. Uptake and localization of phosphodiester and chimeric oligodeoxynucleotides in normal and leukemic primary cells. Akhtar S. Delivery Strategies for Antisense Oligonucleotide Therapeutics. 1995;177-190 CRC Press, New York. a.
    • (1995) Delivery Strategies for Antisense Oligonucleotide Therapeutics , pp. 177-190
    • Krieg, A.M.1
  • 22
    • 0028824955 scopus 로고
    • Cpg dna: A pathogenic factor in systemic lupus erythematosus?
    • b
    • Krieg A.M. Cpg dna. a pathogenic factor in systemic lupus erythematosus? J Clin Immunol. 15:1995;284-292. b.
    • (1995) J Clin Immunol , vol.15 , pp. 284-292
    • Krieg, A.M.1
  • 23
    • 0027473513 scopus 로고
    • Modification of antisense phosphodiester oligodeoxynucleotides by a 5′ cholesteryl moiety increases cellular association and improves efficacy
    • Krieg A., Tonkinson J., Matson S., Zhao Q., Saxon M., Zhang L.-M., Bhanja U., Yakubov L., Stein C.A. Modification of antisense phosphodiester oligodeoxynucleotides by a 5′ cholesteryl moiety increases cellular association and improves efficacy. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 90:1993;1048-1052.
    • (1993) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.90 , pp. 1048-1052
    • Krieg, A.1    Tonkinson, J.2    Matson, S.3    Zhao, Q.4    Saxon, M.5    Zhang, L.-M.6    Bhanja, U.7    Yakubov, L.8    Stein, C.A.9
  • 25
    • 0032168355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CpG DNA induces a sustained IL-12 expression in vivo and resistance to Listeria monocytogenes challenge
    • a
    • Krieg A.M., Love-Homan L., Yi A.-K., Harty J.T. CpG DNA induces a sustained IL-12 expression in vivo and resistance to Listeria monocytogenes challenge. J Immunol. 161:1998;2428-2434. a.
    • (1998) J Immunol , vol.161 , pp. 2428-2434
    • Krieg, A.M.1    Love-Homan, L.2    Yi, A.-K.3    Harty, J.T.4
  • 27
    • 0022591972 scopus 로고
    • Interferons and interferon inducers in cancer treatment
    • Krown S.E. Interferons and interferon inducers in cancer treatment. Semin Oncol. 13:1986;207-217.
    • (1986) Semin Oncol , vol.13 , pp. 207-217
    • Krown, S.E.1
  • 30
    • 0031936182 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antagonism of immunostimulatory CpG-oligodeoxynucletides by quinacrine, chloroquine, and structurally related compounds
    • MacFarlane D.E., Manzel L. Antagonism of immunostimulatory CpG-oligodeoxynucletides by quinacrine, chloroquine, and structurally related compounds. J Immunol. 160:1998;1122-1131.
    • (1998) J Immunol , vol.160 , pp. 1122-1131
    • MacFarlane, D.E.1    Manzel, L.2
  • 31
    • 0030812046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unmethylated CpG-containing oligodeoxynucleotides inhibit apoptosis in WEHI 231 B lymphocytes induced by several agents: Evidence for blockade of apoptosis at a distal signalling step
    • MacFarlane D.E., Manzel L., Krieg A.M. Unmethylated CpG-containing oligodeoxynucleotides inhibit apoptosis in WEHI 231 B lymphocytes induced by several agents. evidence for blockade of apoptosis at a distal signalling step Immunology. 91:1997;586-593.
    • (1997) Immunology , vol.91 , pp. 586-593
    • MacFarlane, D.E.1    Manzel, L.2    Krieg, A.M.3
  • 32
    • 0026006734 scopus 로고
    • Stimulation of in vitro murine lymphocyte proliferation by bacterial DNA
    • Messina J.P., Gilkeson G.S., Pisetsky D.S. Stimulation of in vitro murine lymphocyte proliferation by bacterial DNA. J Immunol. 147:1991;1759-1764.
    • (1991) J Immunol , vol.147 , pp. 1759-1764
    • Messina, J.P.1    Gilkeson, G.S.2    Pisetsky, D.S.3
  • 33
    • 0027413599 scopus 로고
    • The influence of DNA structure on the in vitro stimulation of murine lymphocytes by natural and synthetic polynucleotide antigens
    • Messina J.P., Gilkeson G.S., Pisetsky D.S. The influence of DNA structure on the in vitro stimulation of murine lymphocytes by natural and synthetic polynucleotide antigens. Cell Immunol. 147:1993;148-157.
    • (1993) Cell Immunol , vol.147 , pp. 148-157
    • Messina, J.P.1    Gilkeson, G.S.2    Pisetsky, D.S.3
  • 34
    • 0031800888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CpG DNA, a novel adjuvant for systemic and mucosal immunization with influenza virus
    • Moldoveanu Z., Love-Homan L., Huang W.Q., Krieg A.M. CpG DNA, a novel adjuvant for systemic and mucosal immunization with influenza virus. Vaccine. 16:1998;1216-1224.
    • (1998) Vaccine , vol.16 , pp. 1216-1224
    • Moldoveanu, Z.1    Love-Homan, L.2    Huang, W.Q.3    Krieg, A.M.4
  • 36
    • 0032532309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cyclosporine A enhances IL-12 production by CpG motifs in bacterial DNA and synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides
    • Redford T.W., Yi A.-K., Ward C.T., Krieg A.M. Cyclosporine A enhances IL-12 production by CpG motifs in bacterial DNA and synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides. J Immunol. 161(8):1998;3930-3935.
    • (1998) J Immunol , vol.161 , Issue.8 , pp. 3930-3935
    • Redford, T.W.1    Yi, A.-K.2    Ward, C.T.3    Krieg, A.M.4
  • 40
    • 0030816325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Macrophages sense pathogens via DNA motifs: Induction of tumor necrosis factor-α-mediated shock
    • b
    • Sparwasser T., Miethe T., Lipford G., Erdmann A., Hacker H., Heeg K., Wagner H. Macrophages sense pathogens via DNA motifs. induction of tumor necrosis factor-α-mediated shock Eur J Immunol. 27:1997;1671-1679. b.
    • (1997) Eur J Immunol , vol.27 , pp. 1671-1679
    • Sparwasser, T.1    Miethe, T.2    Lipford, G.3    Erdmann, A.4    Hacker, H.5    Heeg, K.6    Wagner, H.7
  • 41
    • 0030240062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Macrophages ingest and are activated by bacterial DNA
    • Stacey K.J., Sweet M.J., Hume D.A. Macrophages ingest and are activated by bacterial DNA. J Immunol. 157:1996;2116-2122.
    • (1996) J Immunol , vol.157 , pp. 2116-2122
    • Stacey, K.J.1    Sweet, M.J.2    Hume, D.A.3
  • 42
    • 0031252286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitogenicity of DNA from different organisms for murine B cells
    • Sun S., Beard C., Jaenisch R., Jones P., Sprent J. Mitogenicity of DNA from different organisms for murine B cells. J Immunol. 159:1997;3119-3125.
    • (1997) J Immunol , vol.159 , pp. 3119-3125
    • Sun, S.1    Beard, C.2    Jaenisch, R.3    Jones, P.4    Sprent, J.5
  • 45
    • 0023683638 scopus 로고
    • A synthetic single-stranded DNA, poly(dG,dC), induces interferon-α/β and -γ, augments natural killer activity, and suppresses tumor growth
    • Tokunaga T., Yamamoto S., Namba K. A synthetic single-stranded DNA, poly(dG,dC), induces interferon-α/β and -γ, augments natural killer activity, and suppresses tumor growth. Jpn J Cancer Res. 79:1988;682-686.
    • (1988) Jpn J Cancer Res , vol.79 , pp. 682-686
    • Tokunaga, T.1    Yamamoto, S.2    Namba, K.3
  • 46
    • 0028114572 scopus 로고
    • Patterns of intracellular compartmentalization, trafficking and acidification of 5′-fluorescein labeled phosphodiester and phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides in HL60 cells
    • Tonkinson J.L., Stein C.A. Patterns of intracellular compartmentalization, trafficking and acidification of 5′-fluorescein labeled phosphodiester and phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides in HL60 cells. Nucleic Acids Res. 22:1994;4268-4275.
    • (1994) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.22 , pp. 4268-4275
    • Tonkinson, J.L.1    Stein, C.A.2
  • 47
    • 0005847625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The immune effects of bacterial DNA and their possible role in the aathogenesis of lupus
    • G.C. Tsokos, & G. Kammer. Totowa: Humana Press
    • Tuetken R.S., Yi A.-K., Krieg A.M. The immune effects of bacterial DNA and their possible role in the aathogenesis of lupus. Tsokos G.C., Kammer G. Lupus. Molecular and Cellular Pathogenesis:1999;79-100 Humana Press, Totowa.
    • (1999) Lupus: Molecular and Cellular Pathogenesis , pp. 79-100
    • Tuetken, R.S.1    Yi, A.-K.2    Krieg, A.M.3
  • 48
    • 0031572208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unmethylated CpG motifs protect murine B lymphocytes against Fas-mediated apoptosis
    • Wang Z., Karras J.G., Colarusso T.P., Foote L.C., Rothstein T.L. Unmethylated CpG motifs protect murine B lymphocytes against Fas-mediated apoptosis. Cell Immunol. 180:1997;162-167.
    • (1997) Cell Immunol , vol.180 , pp. 162-167
    • Wang, Z.1    Karras, J.G.2    Colarusso, T.P.3    Foote, L.C.4    Rothstein, T.L.5
  • 49
    • 0030955249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunostimulatory oligodeoxynucleotides containing the CpG motif are effective as immune adjuvants in tumor antigen immunization
    • Weiner G.J., Liu H.-M., Wooldridge J.E., Dahle C.E., Krieg A.M. Immunostimulatory oligodeoxynucleotides containing the CpG motif are effective as immune adjuvants in tumor antigen immunization. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 94:1997;10833-10837.
    • (1997) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.94 , pp. 10833-10837
    • Weiner, G.J.1    Liu, H.-M.2    Wooldridge, J.E.3    Dahle, C.E.4    Krieg, A.M.5
  • 51
    • 0030900680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunostimulatory oligodeoxynucleotides containing CpG motifs enhance the efficacy of monoclonal antibody therapy of lymphoma
    • Wooldridge J.E., Ballas Z., Krieg A.M., Weiner G.J. Immunostimulatory oligodeoxynucleotides containing CpG motifs enhance the efficacy of monoclonal antibody therapy of lymphoma. Blood. 89:1997;2994-2998.
    • (1997) Blood , vol.89 , pp. 2994-2998
    • Wooldridge, J.E.1    Ballas, Z.2    Krieg, A.M.3    Weiner, G.J.4
  • 53
    • 0023689067 scopus 로고
    • In vitro augmentation of natural killer cell activity and production of interferon-α/β and -γ With deoxyribonucleic acid fraction from Mycobacterium bovis BCG
    • Yamamoto S., Kuramoto E., Shimada S., Tokunaga T. In vitro augmentation of natural killer cell activity and production of interferon-α/β and -γ with deoxyribonucleic acid fraction from Mycobacterium bovis BCG. Jpn J Cancer Res. 79:1988;866-873.
    • (1988) Jpn J Cancer Res , vol.79 , pp. 866-873
    • Yamamoto, S.1    Kuramoto, E.2    Shimada, S.3    Tokunaga, T.4
  • 54
    • 0026625208 scopus 로고
    • Unique palindromic sequences in synthetic oligonucleotides are required to induce INF and augment INF-mediated natural killer activity
    • a
    • Yamamoto S., Yamamoto T., Kataoka T., Kuramoto E., Yano O., Tokunaga T. Unique palindromic sequences in synthetic oligonucleotides are required to induce INF and augment INF-mediated natural killer activity. J Immunol. 148:1992;4072-4076. a.
    • (1992) J Immunol , vol.148 , pp. 4072-4076
    • Yamamoto, S.1    Yamamoto, T.2    Kataoka, T.3    Kuramoto, E.4    Yano, O.5    Tokunaga, T.6
  • 55
    • 0026464967 scopus 로고
    • DNA from bacteria, but not from vertebrates, induces interferons, activates natural killer cells and inhibits tumor growth
    • b
    • Yamamoto S., Yamamoto T., Shimada S., Kuramoto E., Yano O., Kataoka T., Tokunaga T. DNA from bacteria, but not from vertebrates, induces interferons, activates natural killer cells and inhibits tumor growth. Microbiol Immunol. 36:1992;983-997. b.
    • (1992) Microbiol Immunol , vol.36 , pp. 983-997
    • Yamamoto, S.1    Yamamoto, T.2    Shimada, S.3    Kuramoto, E.4    Yano, O.5    Kataoka, T.6    Tokunaga, T.7
  • 57
    • 0031915373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CpG DNA rescue from anti-IgM induced WEHI-231 B lymphoma apoptosis via modulation of IκBα and IκBβ and sustained activation of nuclear factor-κB/c-Rel
    • a
    • Yi A.-K., Krieg A.M. CpG DNA rescue from anti-IgM induced WEHI-231 B lymphoma apoptosis via modulation of IκBα and IκBβ and sustained activation of nuclear factor-κB/c-Rel. J Immunol. 160:1998;1240-1245. a.
    • (1998) J Immunol , vol.160 , pp. 1240-1245
    • Yi, A.-K.1    Krieg, A.M.2
  • 58
    • 0032209664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid induction of mitogen activated protein kinases by immune stimulatory CpG DNA
    • b
    • Yi A.-K., Krieg A.M. Rapid induction of mitogen activated protein kinases by immune stimulatory CpG DNA. J Immunol. 161:1998;4493-4497. b.
    • (1998) J Immunol , vol.161 , pp. 4493-4497
    • Yi, A.-K.1    Krieg, A.M.2
  • 59
    • 0029670726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IFN-γ promotes IL-6 and IgM secretion in response to CpG motifs in bacterial DNA and oligodeoxynucleotides
    • a
    • Yi A.-K., Chace J.H., Cowdery J.S., Krieg A.M. IFN-γ promotes IL-6 and IgM secretion in response to CpG motifs in bacterial DNA and oligodeoxynucleotides. J Immunol. 156:1996;558-564. a.
    • (1996) J Immunol , vol.156 , pp. 558-564
    • Yi, A.-K.1    Chace, J.H.2    Cowdery, J.S.3    Krieg, A.M.4
  • 60
    • 0030444050 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CpG DNA rescue of murine B lymphoma cells from anti-IgM induced growth arrest and programmed cell death is associated with increased expression of c-myc and bcl-XL
    • b
    • Yi A.-K., Hornbeck P., Lafrenz D.E., Krieg A.M. CpG DNA rescue of murine B lymphoma cells from anti-IgM induced growth arrest and programmed cell death is associated with increased expression of c-myc and bcl-XL. J Immunol. 157:1996;4918-4925. b.
    • (1996) J Immunol , vol.157 , pp. 4918-4925
    • Yi, A.-K.1    Hornbeck, P.2    Lafrenz, D.E.3    Krieg, A.M.4
  • 61
    • 0030589385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid immune activation by CpG motifs in bacterial DNA: Systemic induction of IL-6 transcription through an antioxidant-sensitive pathway
    • c
    • Yi A.-K., Klinman D.M., Martin T.L., Matson S., Krieg A.M. Rapid immune activation by CpG motifs in bacterial DNA. systemic induction of IL-6 transcription through an antioxidant-sensitive pathway J Immunol. 157:1996;5394-5402. c.
    • (1996) J Immunol , vol.157 , pp. 5394-5402
    • Yi, A.-K.1    Klinman, D.M.2    Martin, T.L.3    Matson, S.4    Krieg, A.M.5
  • 62
    • 0032526607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CpG oligodeoxyribonucleotides rescue mature spleen B cells from spontaneous apoptosis and promote cell cycle entry
    • a
    • Yi A.-K., Chang M., Peckham D.W., Krieg A.M., Ashman R.F. CpG oligodeoxyribonucleotides rescue mature spleen B cells from spontaneous apoptosis and promote cell cycle entry. J Immunol. 160:1998;5898-5906. a.
    • (1998) J Immunol , vol.160 , pp. 5898-5906
    • Yi, A.-K.1    Chang, M.2    Peckham, D.W.3    Krieg, A.M.4    Ashman, R.F.5
  • 63
    • 0032525023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CpG motifs in bacterial DNA activates leukocytes through the pH-dependent generation of reactive oxygen species
    • b
    • Yi A.-K., Tuetken R., Redford T., Kirsch J., Krieg A.M. CpG motifs in bacterial DNA activates leukocytes through the pH-dependent generation of reactive oxygen species. J Immunol. 160:1998;4755-4761. b.
    • (1998) J Immunol , vol.160 , pp. 4755-4761
    • Yi, A.-K.1    Tuetken, R.2    Redford, T.3    Kirsch, J.4    Krieg, A.M.5
  • 64
    • 0032521881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cutting edge: CpG oligodeoxynucleotides trigger protective and curative Th1 responses in lethal murine Leishmaniasis
    • Zimmerman S., Egeter O., Hausmann S., Lipford G.B., Rocken M., Wagner H., Geeg K. Cutting edge. CpG oligodeoxynucleotides trigger protective and curative Th1 responses in lethal murine Leishmaniasis J Immunol. 160:1998;3627-3630.
    • (1998) J Immunol , vol.160 , pp. 3627-3630
    • Zimmerman, S.1    Egeter, O.2    Hausmann, S.3    Lipford, G.B.4    Rocken, M.5    Wagner, H.6    Geeg, K.7


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.