Is vision continuous with cognition? The case for cognitive impenetrability of visual perception

Behavioral and Brain Sciences

Volumn 22, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 341-365

  Pylyshyn, Zenon W ^a  

^a RUTGERS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

'new look' in vision; Categorical perception; Cognitive penetration; Context effects; Early vision; Expert perception; Knowledge based vision; Modularity of vision; Natural constraints; Perceptual learning; Signal detection theory; Stages of vision; Top down processes; Visual agnosia; Visual attention; Visual processing

Indexed keywords

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE; COGNITION; COMPUTER; HUMAN; NEUROLOGY; NEUROSCIENCE; NONHUMAN; PSYCHOLOGY; PSYCHOPHYSICS; REVIEW; VISION;

AGNOSIA; ATTENTION; COGNITION; HUMANS; LEARNING; MODELS, PSYCHOLOGICAL; SIGNAL DETECTION (PSYCHOLOGY); VISION; VISUAL PERCEPTION;

EID: 0032808642     PISSN: 0140525X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0140525X99002022     Document Type: Review

References (580)

1. Abernethy, B. (1991) Visual search strategies and decision-making in sport. Special issue: Information processing and decision-making in sport. International Journal of Sport Psychology 22:189-210. [aZP]
2. Abernethy, B., Neil, R. J. & Koning, P. (1994) Visual-perceptual and cognitive differences between expert, intermediate and novice snooker players. Applied Cognitive Psychology 8:185-211. [aZP]
3. Adelson, E. & Movshon, J. A. (1982) Phenomenal coherence of moving visual patterns. Nature 300:523-25. [GV]
4. Adrián, J. A., Alegria, J. & Morais, J. (1995) Metaphonological abilities of Spanish illiterate adults. International Journal of Psychology 30:329-53. [RK]
5. Aglioti, S., DeSouza, J. F. X. & Goodale, M. A. (1995) Size-contrast illusions deceive the eye but not hand. Current Biology 5:679-85. [aZP]
6. Ahissar, M. & Hochstein, S. (1993) Attentional control of early perceptual learning. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 90:5718-22. [PTS] (1995) How early is early vision? Evidence from perceptual learning. In: Early vision and beyond, ed. T. V. Papathomas, C. Chubb, A. Gorea & E. Kowler. MIT Press (A Bradford Book). [aZP]
7. Ahissar, M. & Hochstein, S. (1993) Attentional control of early perceptual learning. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 90:5718-22. [PTS] (1995) How early is early vision? Evidence from perceptual learning. In: Early vision and beyond, ed. T. V. Papathomas, C. Chubb, A. Gorea & E. Kowler. MIT Press (A Bradford Book). [aZP]
8. Aloimonos, Y. (1995) Qualitative vision. International Journal of Computer Vision 14:115-17. [YA]
9. Aloimonos, Y., ed. (1993a) Active perception. Advances in computer vision. Erlbaum. [YA] (1993b) Visual navigation: From biological systems to unmanned ground vehicles. Advances in computer vision. Erlbaum. [YA]
10. Aloimonos, Y., ed. (1993a) Active perception. Advances in computer vision. Erlbaum. [YA] (1993b) Visual navigation: From biological systems to unmanned ground vehicles. Advances in computer vision. Erlbaum. [YA]
11. Aloimonos, Y., Fermüller, C. & Rosenfeld, A. (1995) Seeing and understanding: Representing the visual world. ACM Computing Surveys 27:307-309. [YA]
12. Anderson, J. R. (1978) Arguments concerning representations for mental imagery. Psychological Review 85:249-77. [WRU]
13. Appelle, S. (1972) Perception and discrimination as a function of stimulus orientation: The "oblique effect" in man and animals. Psychological Bulletin 78:266-78. [EG]
14. Appelle, S. & Countryman, M. (1986) Eliminating the haptic oblique effect: Influence of scanning incongruity and prior knowledge of the standards. Perception 15:365-69. [EG]
15. Arnheim, R. (1986) The two faces of Gestalt psychology. American Psychologist 41:820-24. [LEK]
16. Ashby, F. G., Prinzmetal, W., Ivry, R. & Maddox, W. T. (1996) A formal theory of feature binding in object perception. Psychological Review 103:165-92. [aZP]
17. Attneave, F. (1954) Some informational aspects of visual perception. Psychological Review 61:183-93. [LEK] (1974) Apparent movement and the what-where connection. Psychologia 17:108-20. [MRWD]
18. Attneave, F. (1954) Some informational aspects of visual perception. Psychological Review 61:183-93. [LEK] (1974) Apparent movement and the what-where connection. Psychologia 17:108-20. [MRWD]
19. Avrahami, J. (1998) Presence and absence of top and right advantage as an indication of the attentional strategies underlying object selection. Perception 27:431-38. [CL]
20. Baird, J. C. (1997) Sensation and judgement. Erlbaum. [BD]
21. Ballard, D. H. (1991) Animate vision. Artificial Intelligence 48:57-86. [AN]
22. Barlow, H. B. (1997) The knowledge used in vision and where it comes from. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London: B Biological Science 352:1141-47. [aZP, PTS]
23. Baylis, G. C. & Driver, J. (1993) Visual attention and objects: Evidence for hierarchical coding of location. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 19:451-70. [rZP]
24. Becker, G. A. (1976) Allocation of attention during visual word recognition. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 2:556-66. [TS]
25. Bennett, B., Hoffman, D. & Prakash, K. (1989) Observer mechanics: A formal theory of perception. Academic Press. [aZP]
26. Bennett, B., Hoffman, D. D., Prakash, C. & Richman, S. (1996) Observer theory. Bayes theory, and psychophysics. In: Perception as Bayesian inference, ed. D. C. Knill & W. A. Richards. Cambridge University Press. [MS]
27. Bentin, S., Allison, T. Puce, A., Perez, E. & McCarthy, G. (1996) Electrophysiological studies of face perception in humans. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 8:551-65. [JB]
28. Bermúdez, J. L. (1995) Nonconceptual content: From perceptual experience to subpersonal computational states. Mind and Language 10:333-69. [JLB] (1998a) The paradox of self-consciousness. MIT Press. [JLB] (1998b) Philosophical psychopathology. Mind and Language 13:287-307. [JLB]
29. Bermúdez, J. L. (1995) Nonconceptual content: From perceptual experience to subpersonal computational states. Mind and Language 10:333-69. [JLB] (1998a) The paradox of self-consciousness. MIT Press. [JLB] (1998b) Philosophical psychopathology. Mind and Language 13:287-307. [JLB]
30. Bermúdez, J. L. (1995) Nonconceptual content: From perceptual experience to subpersonal computational states. Mind and Language 10:333-69. [JLB] (1998a) The paradox of self-consciousness. MIT Press. [JLB] (1998b) Philosophical psychopathology. Mind and Language 13:287-307. [JLB]
31. Besners, D., Coltheart, M. & Davelaar, E. (1984) Basic processes in reading: Computation of abstract letter identities. Canadian Journal of Psychology 38:126-34. [JSB]
32. Bichot, N. P, Schall, J. D. & Thompson, K. G. (1996) Visual feature selectivity in frontal eye fields induced by experience in mature macaques. Nature 381:697-99. [JB]
33. Biederman, I. (1981) On the semantics of a glance at a scene. In: Perceptual organization, ed. M. Kubovy & J. R. Pomerantz. Erlbaum. [TS] (1987) Recognition-by-components: A theory of human image interpretation. Psychological Review 94:115-48. [AH, aZP, TS] (1995) Visual object recognition. In: Visual cognition, ed. S. M. Kosslyn & D. N. Osherson. MIT Press. [AH]
34. Biederman, I. (1981) On the semantics of a glance at a scene. In: Perceptual organization, ed. M. Kubovy & J. R. Pomerantz. Erlbaum. [TS] (1987) Recognition-by-components: A theory of human image interpretation. Psychological Review 94:115-48. [AH, aZP, TS] (1995) Visual object recognition. In: Visual cognition, ed. S. M. Kosslyn & D. N. Osherson. MIT Press. [AH]
35. Biederman, I. (1981) On the semantics of a glance at a scene. In: Perceptual organization, ed. M. Kubovy & J. R. Pomerantz. Erlbaum. [TS] (1987) Recognition-by-components: A theory of human image interpretation. Psychological Review 94:115-48. [AH, aZP, TS] (1995) Visual object recognition. In: Visual cognition, ed. S. M. Kosslyn & D. N. Osherson. MIT Press. [AH]
36. Biederman, I., Mezzanotte, R. J. & Rabinowitz, J. C. (1982) Scene perception: Detecting and judging objects undergoing relational violations. Cognitive Psychology 14:143-77. [AH, aZP]
37. Biederman, I. & Shiffrar, M. S. (1987) Sexing day-old chicks: A case study and expert systems analysis of a difficult perceptual-learning task. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 13:640-45. [aZP, PTS]
38. Binford, T. O. (1982) Survey of model-based image analysis systems. International Journal of Robotics Research 1(1):18-64. [AR]
39. Blackmore, S. J., Brelstaff, G., Nelson, K. & Troscianko, T. (1995) Is the richness of our visual world an illusion? Transsaccadic memory for complex scenes. Perception 24:1075-81. [SE]
40. Blake, R. (1995) Psychoanatomical strategies for studying human visual perception. In: Early vision and beyond, ed. T. V. Papathomas, C. Chubb, A. Gorea & E. Kowler. MIT Press (A Bradford Book). [aZP]
41. Bonnel, A. M., Possami, C. A. & Schmitt, M. (1987) Early modulation of visual input: A study of attentional strategies. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 39A:757-76. [aZP]
42. Boring, E. G. (1930) A new ambiguous figure. American Journal of Psychology 42:444. [aZP] (1950) A history of experimental psychology, 2nd edition. Appelton-Century- Croft. [BC]
43. Boring, E. G. (1930) A new ambiguous figure. American Journal of Psychology 42:444. [aZP] (1950) A history of experimental psychology, 2nd edition. Appelton-Century-Croft. [BC]
44. Bowers, J. S. (1996) Different perceptual codes support word and pseudoword priming: Was Morton right all along? Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 22:1336-53. [JSB]
45. Bowers, J. S. & Michita, Y. (1998) An investigation into the structure and acquisition of orthographic knowledge: Evidence from cross-script Kanji-Hiragana priming. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review: 5:259-64. [JSB]
46. Bowers, J. S., Vigliocco, G. & Haan, R. (1998) Orthographic, phonological, and articulatory contributions to masked letter and word priming. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance (in press). [JSB]
47. Boyce, S. J., Pollatsek, A. & Rayner, K. (1989) Effect of background information on object identification. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 15:556-66. [AH]
48. Brainard, D. H. & Freeman, W. T. (1997) Bayesian color constancy. Journal of the Optical Society of America A14:1393-411. [MS]
49. Braitenberg, V. (1984) Vehicles: Explorations in synthetic psychology. MIT Press. [MRWD]
50. Braunstein, M. L. & Andersen, G. J. (1984) Shape and depth perception from parallel projections of three-dimensional motion. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 10:749-60. [JLD]
51. Braunstein, M. L., Hoffman, D. D. & Pollick, F. E. (1990) Discriminating rigid from nonrigid motion: Minimum points and views. Perception and Psychophysics 47:205-14. [JLD]
52. Bressan, P., Ganis, G. & Vallortigara, G. (1993) The role of depth stratification in the solution of the aperture problem. Perception 22:215-28. [GV]
53. Bridgeman, B. (1992) Conscious vs. unconscious processes: The case of vision. Theory and Psychology 2:73-88. [aZP] (1995) Dissociation between visual processing modes. In: The handbook of brain theory and neural networks, ed. M. A. Arbib. MIT Press. [aZP]
54. Bridgeman, B. (1992) Conscious vs. unconscious processes: The case of vision. Theory and Psychology 2:73-88. [aZP] (1995) Dissociation between visual processing modes. In: The handbook of brain theory and neural networks, ed. M. A. Arbib. MIT Press. [aZP]
55. Broadbent, D. E. (1967) Word-frequency effect and response bias. Psychological Review 74:1-15. [aZP]
56. Brodsky, T., Fermüller, C. & Aloimonos, Y. (1998) Shape from video: Beyond the epipolar constraint. In: Proceedings of the DARPA Image Understanding Workshop. [YA]
57. Broerse, J. & Crassini, B. (1981) Misinterpretation of imagery-induced McCollough effects: A reply to Finke. Perception and Psychophysics 30:96-98. [BC] (1984) Investigations of perception and imagery using CAEs: The role of experimental design and psychophysical method. Perception and Psychophysics 35:155-64. [BC]
58. Broerse, J. & Crassini, B. (1981) Misinterpretation of imagery-induced McCollough effects: A reply to Finke. Perception and Psychophysics 30:96- 98. [BC] (1984) Investigations of perception and imagery using CAEs: The role of experimental design and psychophysical method. Perception and Psychophysics 35:155-64. [BC]
59. Broerse, J., Li, R. & Ashton, R. (1994) Ambiguous pictorial depth cues and perceptions of non-rigid motions in the three-loop figure. Perception 23:1049-62. [BC]
60. Brooks, R. A., Greiner, R. & Binford, T. O. (1979) The ACRONYM model-based vision system. In: Proceedings of the Sixth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Tokyo, August. [AR]
61. Brown, C. M. (1984) Computer vision and natural constraints. Science 224:1299-1305. [aZP]
62. Bruce, V. (1991) Face recognition. Erlbaum. [aZP]
63. Bruce, V. & Young, A. (1998) In the eye of the beholder: The science of face perception. Oxford University Press. [VB]
64. Bruner, J. S. (1957) On perceptual readiness. Psychological Review 64:123-52. [JLB, AGe, RK, CMM, JRP, aZP, JAS]
65. Bruner, J. S. & Mintum, A. L. (1955) Perceptual identification and perceptual organization. Journal of General Psychology 53:21-28. [aZP]
66. Bruner, J. S. & Postman, L. (1949) On the perception of incongruity: A paradigm. Journal of Personality 18:206-23. [LEK, aZP]
67. Bruner, J. S., Postman, L. & Rodrigues, J. (1951) Expectations and the perception of color. American Journal of Psychology 64:216-27. [JAS]
68. Bruner, J. S. & Potter, M. C. (1964) Interference in visual recognition. Science 144:424-25. [aZP]
69. Bruyer, R. (1991) Covert face recognition in prosopagnosia: A review. Brain and Cognition 15:223-35. [AGe]
70. Bülthoff, H. H., Edelman, S. & Tarr, M. J. (1995) How are three-dimensional objects represented in the brain? Cerebral Cortex 5:247-60. [SE, AH]
71. Bülthoff, H. H. & Mallot, H. A. (1988) Interaction of depth modules: Stereo and shading. Journal of the Optical Society of America 5:1749-58. [SE]
72. Bülthoff, H. H. & Yuille, A. L. (1991) Bayesian models for seeing shapes and depth. Comments on Theoretical Biology 2:283-314. [MS]
73. Burkell, J. & Pylyshyn, Z. W. (1997) Searching through subsets: A test of the visual indexing hypothesis. Spatial Vision 11:225-58. [aZP]
74. Cacace, A. T. & McFarland, D. J. (1998) Central auditory processing disorder in school-aged children: A critical review. Journal of Speech, Language and Hearing Research 41:355-73. [DJM]
75. Campbell, R., Landis, T. & Regard, M. (1986) Face recognition and lip-reading: A neurological dissociation. Brain 109:509-21. [VB]
76. Carroll, L. (1895) What the tortoise said to Achilles. Mind 4:278-80. [AGe]
77. Castiello, U. & Umiltá, C. (1992) Orienting attention in volleyball players. International Journal of Sport Psychology 23:301-10. [aZP]
78. Cavanagh, P. (1988) Pathways in early vision. In: Computational processes in human vision: An interdisciplinary perspective, ed. Z. W. Pylyshyn. Ablex Publishing. [aZP]
79. Chakravarty, I. (1979) A generalized line and junction labeling scheme with applications to scene analysis. IEEE Transactions, PAMI, 202-205. [aZP]
80. Chapman, D. W. (1932) Relative effects of determinate and indeterminate Aufgaben. American Journal of Psychology 44:163-74. [HE]
81. Chase, W. G. & Simon, H. A. (1973) Perception in chess. Cognitive Psychology 5:55-81. [aZP]
82. Chelazzi, L., Miller, E. K., Duncan, J. & Desimone, R. (1993) A neural basis for visual search in inferior temporal cortex. Nature 363:345-47. [JB, rZP, JKT]
83. Cheng, K. (1986) A purely geometric module in the rat's spatial representation. Cognition 23:149-78. [aZP]
84. Cheong, L., Fermüller, C. & Aloimonos, Y. (1998) Effects of errors in the viewing geometry on shape estimation. Computer Vision and Image Understanding 71:356-72. [YA]
85. Chignell, M. H. & Krueger, L. E. (1984) Further evidence for priming in perceptual matching: Temporal, not spatial, separation enhances the fast-same effect. Perception and Psychophysics 36:257-65. [LEK]
86. Chomsky, N. (1980) Rules and representations. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 3(1):1-15. [rZP]
87. Churchland, P. M. (1988) Perceptual plasticity and theoretical neutrality: A reply to Jerry Fodor. Philosophy of Science 55:167-87. [aZP]
88. Clark, A. (1997) Being there: Putting brain, body, and the world together again. MIT Press/ A Bradford Book. [AN]
89. Clowes, M. B. (1971) On seeing things. Artificial Intelligence 2:79-116. [aZP]
90. Cohen, D. J. (1997) Visual detection and perceptual independence: Assessing color and form. Perception and Psychophysics 59:623-35. [DJC]
91. Cohen, J. D., Dunbar, K. & McClelland, J. L. (1990) On the control of automatic processes: A parallel distributed processing account of the Stroop effect. Psychological Review 97:332-61. [CL]
92. Coltheart, M. (1981) Disorders of reading and their implications for models of normal reading. Visible Language 3:245-86. [JSB]
93. Connine, C. M. & Clifton, C. (1987) Interactive use of lexical information in speech perception. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 13:291-99. [aZP]
94. Corbin, H. (1942) The perception of grouping and apparent movement in visual depth. Archives of Psychology, No. 273. [MRWD]
95. Cowey, A. & Stoerig, P. (1991) The neurobiology of blindsight. Trends in Neuroscience 14:140-45. [AGe]
96. Crick, G. & Koch, C. (1995) Are we aware of neural activity in primary visual cortex? Nature 375:121-23. [S-LY]
97. Dai, H., Scharf, B. & Buss, S. (1991) Effective attenuation of signals in noise under focused attention. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 89:2837-42. [aZP]
98. Danziger, E. & Pederson, E. (1999) Through the looking-glass: Literacy, writing systems and mirror-image discrimination. Written Language and Literacy 1(2):153-64. [RK]
99. Davies, I. R. L., Sowden, P. T., Hammond, S. & Ansell, J. (1994) Expertise at mammography: A perceptual or conceptual skill? In: Medical imaging 1994: Image perception, Proceeding of SPIE 2166:86-94, ed. H. L. Kundel. SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering. [PTS]
100. Davies, I. R. L., Sowden, P. T., Jerrett, D. T., Jerrett, T. & Corbett, G. G. (1998) A cross-cultural study of English and Setswana speakers on a colour triads task: A test of the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis. British Journal of Psychology 89:1-15. [PTS]
101. Dawson, M. R. W. (1989) Apparent motion and element connectedness. Spatial Vision 4:241-51. [MRWD] (1991) The how and why of what went where in apparent motion: Modeling solutions to the motion correspondence process. Psychological Review 98:569-603. [MRWD] (1998) Understanding cognitive science. Blackwell. [MRWD]
102. Dawson, M. R. W. (1989) Apparent motion and element connectedness. Spatial Vision 4:241-51. [MRWD] (1991) The how and why of what went where in apparent motion: Modeling solutions to the motion correspondence process. Psychological Review 98:569-603. [MRWD] (1998) Understanding cognitive science. Blackwell. [MRWD]
103. Dawson, M. R. W. (1989) Apparent motion and element connectedness. Spatial Vision 4:241-51. [MRWD] (1991) The how and why of what went where in apparent motion: Modeling solutions to the motion correspondence process. Psychological Review 98:569-603. [MRWD] (1998) Understanding cognitive science. Blackwell. [MRWD]
104. Dawson, M. R. W., Nevin-Meadows, N. & Wright, R. D. (1994) Polarity matching in theTernus configuration. Vision Research 34:3347-59. [MRWD]
105. Dawson, M. & Pylyshyn, Z. W. (1988) Natural constraints in apparent motion. In: Computational processes in human vision: An interdisciplinary perspective, ed. Z. W. Pylyshyn. Ablex Publishing. [aZP]
106. Dawson, M. R. W. & Wright, R. D. (1989) The consistency of element transformations affects the visibility but not the direction of illusory motion. Spatial Vision 4:17-29. [MRWD] (1994) Simultaneity in the Ternus configuration: Psychophysical data and a computer model. Vision Research 34:397-407. [MRWD]
107. Dawson, M. R. W. & Wright, R. D. (1989) The consistency of element transformations affects the visibility but not the direction of illusory motion. Spatial Vision 4:17-29. [MRWD] (1994) Simultaneity in the Ternus configuration: Psychophysical data and a computer model. Vision Research 34:397-407. [MRWD]
108. Delk, J. L. & Fillenbaum, S. (1965) Differences in perceived color as a function of characteristic color. American Journal of Psychology 78:290-93. [rZP, JAS]
109. Dennett, D. C. (1991) Consciousness explained. Little, Brown. [SE, rZP]
110. Deregowski, J. R. (1989) Real space and represented space: Cross-cultural perspectives. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 12:51-119. [RK]
111. Desimone, R. (1996) Neural mechanisms for visual memory and their role in attention. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, USA 93:13494-97. [aZP]
112. Desimone, R. & Duncan, J. (1995) Neural mechanisms of selective attention. Annual Review of Neuroscience 18:193-222. [JKT]
113. De Valois, R. L. & De Valois, K. K. (1990) Spatial vision. Oxford University Press. [PGS]
114. De Weerd, P., Desimone, R. & Ungerleider, L. G. (1996) Cue-dependent deficits in grating orientation discrimination after V4 lesions in macaques. Visual Neuroscience 13:529-38. [AGr]
115. Dobbins, A. C., Jeo, R. M., Fiser, J. & Allman, J. M. (1998) Distance modulation of activity in the visual cortex. Science 281:552-55. [WRU]
116. Downing, C. J. (1988) Expectancy and visual-spatial attention: Effects on perceptual quality. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 14:188-202. [aZP]
117. Dretske, F. (1969) Seeing and knowing. University of Chicago Press. [MRWD] (1981) Knowledge and the flow of information. MIT Press. [MRWD]
118. Dretske, F. (1969) Seeing and knowing. University of Chicago Press. [MRWD] (1981) Knowledge and the flow of information. MIT Press. [MRWD]
119. Driver, J., Davis, G., Kidd, P., Maxwell, E., Ricciardelli, P. & Baron-Cohen, S. (in press) Shared attention and the social brain: Gaze perception triggers automatic visuospatial orienting in adults. Visual Cognition. [VB]
120. Duhamel, J.-R., Colby, C. L. & Goldberg, M. E. (1992) The updating of the representation of visual space in parietal cortex by intended eye movements Science 255(5040):90-92. [rZP]
121. Duncker, K. (1939) The influence of past experience upon perceptual properties. American Journal of Psychology 52:255-65. [JAS]
122. Durlach, M. I. & Braida, L. D. (1969) Intensity perception. I. Preliminary theory of intensity resolution. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 46:372-83. [NAM]
123. Edelman, S. (1998) Representation is representation of similarities. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 21(4):449-98. [TS]
124. Edelman, S. & Duvdevani-Bar, S. (1997) A model of visual recognition and categorization. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, B 352(1358):1191-1202. [SE]
125. Edelman, S. & Poggio, T. (1992) Bringing the grandmother back into the picture: A memory-based view of pattern recognition. International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 6:37-61. [AR]
126. Egeth, H. (1967) Selective attention. Psychological Bulletin 67:41-57. [HE]
127. Egeth, H. & Bevan, W. (1973) Attention. In: Handbook of General Psychology, ed. B. B. Wolman. Prentice-Hall. [HE]
128. Egeth, H. & Smith, E. E. (1967) Perceptual selectivity in visual recognition task. Journal of Experimental Psychology 74:543-49. [HE]
129. Egeth, H. E., Virzi, R. A. & Garbart, H. (1984) Searching for conjunctively defined targets. Journal of Experimental Psychology 10:32-39. [aZP]
130. Ellman, J. L. & McClelland, J. L. (1988) Cognitive penetration of the mechanisms of perception: Compensation for coarticulation of lexically restored phonemes. Journal of Memory and Language 27:143-65. [aZP]
131. Epstein, W. (1977) Stability and constancy in visual perception: Mechanisms and processes. Wiley. [MRWD] (1982) Percept-percept couplings. Perception 11:75-83. [aZP]
132. Epstein, W. (1977) Stability and constancy in visual perception: Mechanisms and processes. Wiley. [MRWD] (1982) Percept-percept couplings. Perception 11:75-83. [aZP]
133. Essock, E. A. (1980) The oblique effect of stimulus identification considered with respect to two classes of oblique effects. Perception 9:37-46. [EG]
134. Evans, G. (1982) The varieties of reference. Clarendon Press. [JLB]
135. Fahle, M., Edelman, S. & Poggio, T. (1995) East perceptual learning in hyperactivity. Vision Research 35:3003-13. [aZP]
136. Farah, M. J. (1989) Semantic and perceptual priming: How similar are the underlying mechanisms? Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 15:188-94. [aZP, GR] (1990) Visual agnosia: Disorders of object recognition and what they tell us about normal vision. MIT Press. [aZP]
137. Farah, M. J. (1989) Semantic and perceptual priming: How similar are the underlying mechanisms? Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 15:188-94. [aZP, GR] (1990) Visual agnosia: Disorders of object recognition and what they tell us about normal vision. MIT Press. [aZP]
138. Felleman, D. J. & Van Essen, D. C. (1991) Distributed hierarchical processing in the primate cerebral cortex. Cerebral Cortex 1:1-47. [aZP, JKT]
139. Felleman, D. J., Xiao, Y. & McClendon, E. (1997) Modular organization of occipital-temporal pathways: Cortical connections between visual area 4 and visual area 2 and posterior inferotemporal ventral area in macaque monkeys. Journal of Neuroscience 17:3185-3200. [aZP]
140. Fermüller, C. & Aloimonos, Y. (1995a) Direct perception of three-dimensional motion from patterns of visual motion. Science 270:1973-76. [YA] (1995b) Qualitative egomotion. International Journal of Computer Vision 15:7- 29. [YA] (1995c) Representations for active vision. In: Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, August 1995. [YA] (1996) Ordinal representations of visual space. In: Proceedings of the ARPA Image Understanding Workshop, February 1996. [YA] (1997) On the geometry of visual correspondences. International Journal of Computer Vision 21:223-47. [YA] (1998) Ambiguity in structure from motion: Sphere versus plane. International Journal of Computer Vision 28:137-54. [YA]
141. Fermüller, C. & Aloimonos, Y. (1995a) Direct perception of three-dimensional motion from patterns of visual motion. Science 270:1973-76. [YA] (1995b) Qualitative egomotion. International Journal of Computer Vision 15:7-29. [YA] (1995c) Representations for active vision. In: Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, August 1995. [YA] (1996) Ordinal representations of visual space. In: Proceedings of the ARPA Image Understanding Workshop, February 1996. [YA] (1997) On the geometry of visual correspondences. International Journal of Computer Vision 21:223-47. [YA] (1998) Ambiguity in structure from motion: Sphere versus plane. International Journal of Computer Vision 28:137-54. [YA]
142. Fermüller, C. & Aloimonos, Y. (1995a) Direct perception of three-dimensional motion from patterns of visual motion. Science 270:1973-76. [YA] (1995b) Qualitative egomotion. International Journal of Computer Vision 15:7- 29. [YA] (1995c) Representations for active vision. In: Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, August 1995. [YA] (1996) Ordinal representations of visual space. In: Proceedings of the ARPA Image Understanding Workshop, February 1996. [YA] (1997) On the geometry of visual correspondences. International Journal of Computer Vision 21:223-47. [YA] (1998) Ambiguity in structure from motion: Sphere versus plane. International Journal of Computer Vision 28:137-54. [YA]
143. Fermüller, C. & Aloimonos, Y. (1995a) Direct perception of three-dimensional motion from patterns of visual motion. Science 270:1973-76. [YA] (1995b) Qualitative egomotion. International Journal of Computer Vision 15:7- 29. [YA] (1995c) Representations for active vision. In: Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, August 1995. [YA] (1996) Ordinal representations of visual space. In: Proceedings of the ARPA Image Understanding Workshop, February 1996. [YA] (1997) On the geometry of visual correspondences. International Journal of Computer Vision 21:223-47. [YA] (1998) Ambiguity in structure from motion: Sphere versus plane. International Journal of Computer Vision 28:137-54. [YA]
144. Fermüller, C. & Aloimonos, Y. (1995a) Direct perception of three-dimensional motion from patterns of visual motion. Science 270:1973-76. [YA] (1995b) Qualitative egomotion. International Journal of Computer Vision 15:7- 29. [YA] (1995c) Representations for active vision. In: Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, August 1995. [YA] (1996) Ordinal representations of visual space. In: Proceedings of the ARPA Image Understanding Workshop, February 1996. [YA] (1997) On the geometry of visual correspondences. International Journal of Computer Vision 21:223-47. [YA] (1998) Ambiguity in structure from motion: Sphere versus plane. International Journal of Computer Vision 28:137-54. [YA]
145. Fermüller, C. & Aloimonos, Y. (1995a) Direct perception of three-dimensional motion from patterns of visual motion. Science 270:1973-76. [YA] (1995b) Qualitative egomotion. International Journal of Computer Vision 15:7- 29. [YA] (1995c) Representations for active vision. In: Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, August 1995. [YA] (1996) Ordinal representations of visual space. In: Proceedings of the ARPA Image Understanding Workshop, February 1996. [YA] (1997) On the geometry of visual correspondences. International Journal of Computer Vision 21:223-47. [YA] (1998) Ambiguity in structure from motion: Sphere versus plane. International Journal of Computer Vision 28:137-54. [YA]
146. Fermüller, C., Cheong, L. & Aloimonos, Y. (1997a) Visual space distortion. Biological Cybernatics 77:323-37. [YA] (1998a) 3-D motion and shape representations in visual servo control. International Journal of Robotics Research 17:4-18. [YA]
147. Fermüller, C., Cheong, L. & Aloimonos, Y. (1997a) Visual space distortion. Biological Cybernatics 77:323-37. [YA] (1998a) 3-D motion and shape representations in visual servo control. International Journal of Robotics Research 17:4-18. [YA]
148. Fermüller, C., Pless, R. & Aloimonos, Y. (1997b) Families of stationary patterns producing illusory movement: Insights into the visual system. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B 264:795-806. [YA] (1998b) The Ouchi illusion as an artifact of biased flow estimation. Technical Report CAR-TR-890, Center for Automation Research, University of Maryland. [YA]
149. Fermüller, C., Pless, R. & Aloimonos, Y. (1997b) Families of stationary patterns producing illusory movement: Insights into the visual system. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B 264:795-806. [YA] (1998b) The Ouchi illusion as an artifact of biased flow estimation. Technical Report CAR-TR-890, Center for Automation Research, University of Maryland. [YA]
150. Ferrera, V. P., Rudolph, K. K. & Maunsell, J. H. R. (1994) Responses of neurons in the parietal and temporal visual pathways. Journal of Neuroscience 14:6171-85. [AGr]
151. Feyerabend, P. (1962) Explanation, reduction and empiricism. In: Minnesota studies in philosophy of science, vol. 3, ed. H. Feigl & G. Maxwell. University of Minnesota Press. [aZP]
152. Fodor, J. A. (1983) The modularity of mind: An essay on faculty psychology. MIT Press/A Bradford Book. [JSB, MRWD, SE, TVP, MAP, arZP, GR] (1985) Précis of The modularity of mind. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 8:1-42. [LEK] (1998) Concepts: Where cognitive science went wrong. Oxford University Press. [arZP]
153. Fodor, J. A. (1983) The modularity of mind: An essay on faculty psychology. MIT Press/A Bradford Book. [JSB, MRWD, SE, TVP, MAP, arZP, GR] (1985) Précis of The modularity of mind. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 8:1-42. [LEK] (1998) Concepts: Where cognitive science went wrong. Oxford University Press. [arZP]
154. Fodor, J. A. (1983) The modularity of mind: An essay on faculty psychology. MIT Press/A Bradford Book. [JSB, MRWD, SE, TVP, MAP, arZP, GR] (1985) Précis of The modularity of mind. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 8:1-42. [LEK] (1998) Concepts: Where cognitive science went wrong. Oxford University Press. [arZP]
155. Fodor, J. A. & Pylyshyn, Z. W. (1981) How direct is visual perception? Some reflections on Gibson's "ecological approach." Cognition 9:139-96. [VB, arZP]
156. Foley, J. M. (1967) Effects of voluntary eye movement and convergence on the binocular appreciation of depth. Perception and Psychophysics 11:423-27. [YA] (1980) Binocular distance perception. Psychological Review 87:411-34. [YA]
157. Foley, J. M. (1967) Effects of voluntary eye movement and convergence on the binocular appreciation of depth. Perception and Psychophysics 11:423-27. [YA] (1980) Binocular distance perception. Psychological Review 87:411-34. [YA]
158. Freeman, W. T. (1994) The generic viewpoint assumption in a framework for visual perception. Nature 368:542-45. [MS] (1996) The generic viewpoint assumption in a Bayesian framework. In: Perception as Bayesian inference, ed. D. C. Knill & W. A. Richards. Cambridge University Press. [MS]
159. Freeman, W. T. (1994) The generic viewpoint assumption in a framework for visual perception. Nature 368:542-45. [MS] (1996) The generic viewpoint assumption in a Bayesian framework. In: Perception as Bayesian inference, ed. D. C. Knill & W. A. Richards. Cambridge University Press. [MS]
160. Frégnac, Y., Shulz, D., Thorpe, S. & Bienenstock, E. (1988) A cellular analogue of visual cortical plasticity. Nature 333:367-70. [PTS]
161. Freuder, E. C. (1986) Knowledge-mediated perception. In: Pattern recognition by humans and machines: Visual perception, ed. H. C. Nusbaum & E. C. Schwab. Academic Press Inc. [aZP]
162. Friedman, A. (1979) Framing pictures: The role of knowledge in automatized encoding and memory for gist. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 108:316-55. [AH]
163. Friedman-Hill, S. Wolfe, J. M. (1995) Second-order parallel processing: Visual search for odd items in a subset. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 21:531-51. [aZP]
164. Frisby, J. P. & Clatworthy, J. L. (1975) Learning to see complex random-dot stereograms. Perception 4:173-78. [aZP]
165. Gale, A. G. & Findlay, J. M. (1983) Eye movement patterns in viewing ambiguous figures. In: Eye movements and psychological functions: International views, ed. R. Groner, C. Menz, D. F. Fisher & R. A. Monty. Erlbaum. [aZP]
166. Gellatly, A. (1988) Human inference. In: Human and machine problem solving, ed. K. K. Gilhooly. Plenum. [AGe] (1992) The misleading concept of cognitive competences. Theory and Psychology 2:363-90. [AGe] (1995) Colourful Whorfian ideas: Linguistic and cultural influences on the perception and cognition of colour and on the investigation of them. Mind and Language 10:199-225. [AGe]
167. Gellatly, A. (1988) Human inference. In: Human and machine problem solving, ed. K. K. Gilhooly. Plenum. [AGe] (1992) The misleading concept of cognitive competences. Theory and Psychology 2:363-90. [AGe] (1995) Colourful Whorfian ideas: Linguistic and cultural influences on the perception and cognition of colour and on the investigation of them. Mind and Language 10:199-225. [AGe]
168. Gellatly, A. (1988) Human inference. In: Human and machine problem solving, ed. K. K. Gilhooly. Plenum. [AGe] (1992) The misleading concept of cognitive competences. Theory and Psychology 2:363-90. [AGe] (1995) Colourful Whorfian ideas: Linguistic and cultural influences on the perception and cognition of colour and on the investigation of them. Mind and Language 10:199-225. [AGe]
169. Gallistel, C. R. (1990) The organization of learning. MIT Press (A Bradford Book). [arZP]
170. Gentaz, E. (in press) Existe-il un "effet de l'oblique" dans la perception tactile des orientations? [Is there an oblique effect in the tactual perception of orientation?] L'Année Psychologique. [EG]
171. Gentaz, E. & Hatwell, Y. (1995) The haptic "oblique effect" in children's and adults' perception of orientation. Perception 24:631-46. [EG] (1996) Role of gravitational cues in the haptic perception of orientation. Perception and Psychophysics 58:1278-92. [EG] (1998) The haptic oblique effect in the perception of rod orientation by blind adults. Perception and Psychophysics 60:157-67. [EG]
172. Gentaz, E. & Hatwell, Y. (1995) The haptic "oblique effect" in children's and adults' perception of orientation. Perception 24:631-46. [EG] (1996) Role of gravitational cues in the haptic perception of orientation. Perception and Psychophysics 58:1278-92. [EG] (1998) The haptic oblique effect in the perception of rod orientation by blind adults. Perception and Psychophysics 60:157-67. [EG]
173. Gentaz, E. & Hatwell, Y. (1995) The haptic "oblique effect" in children's and adults' perception of orientation. Perception 24:631-46. [EG] (1996) Role of gravitational cues in the haptic perception of orientation. Perception and Psychophysics 58:1278-92. [EG] (1998) The haptic oblique effect in the perception of rod orientation by blind adults. Perception and Psychophysics 60:157-67. [EG]
174. Gibson, B. S. & Peterson, M. A. (1994) Does orientation-independent object recognition precede orientation-dependent recognition? Evidence from a cueing paradigm. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 20:299-316. [MAP]
175. Gibson, E. J. (1991) An odyssey in learning and perception. MIT Press. [aZP]
176. Gibson, J. J. (1966) The senses considered as perceptual systems. Houghton Mifflin. [RW] (1979) The ecological approach to visual perception. Honghton Mifflin. [JLB, BC, JRP, aZP]
177. Gibson, J. J. (1966) The senses considered as perceptual systems. Houghton Mifflin. [RW] (1979) The ecological approach to visual perception. Honghton Mifflin. [JLB, BC, JRP, aZP]
178. Gibson, J. R. & Maunsell, J. H. R. (1997) Sensory modality specificity of neural activity related to memory in visual cortex. Journal of Neurophysiology 78:1263-75. [AGr]
179. Gilbert, C. D. & Wiesel, T. N. (1992) Receptive field dynamics in adult primary visual cortex. Nature 356:150-52. [PTS]
180. Gilchrist, A. (1977) Perceived lightness depends on perceived spatial arrangement. Science 195:185-87. [aZP]
181. Girgus, J. J., Rock, I. & Egatz, R. (1977) The effect of knowledge of reversibility on the reversibility of ambiguous figures. Perception and Psychophysics 22:550-56. [aZP]
182. Glenny, G. & Heywood, S. (1979) Hanz Gertz revisited: The different effects of invisibility and darkness on pursuit eye movements. Perception 8(1):31-36. [rZP]
183. Gnadt, J. W. & Andersen, R. A. (1988) Memory related motor planning activity in posterior parietal cortex of macaque. Experimental Brain Research 70:216-20. [AGr]
184. Gnadt, J. W., Bracewell, R. M. & Anderson, R. A. (1991) Sensorimotor transformation during eye movements to remembered visual targets. Vision Research 31:693-715. [aZP]
185. Gogel, W. C. (1973) The organization of perceived space. Psychologische Forschung 37:195-221. [aZP] (1976) An indirect measure of perceived distance from oculomotor cues. Perception and Psychophysics 20:419-29. [MAP]
186. Gogel, W. C. (1973) The organization of perceived space. Psychologische Forschung 37:195-221. [aZP] (1976) An indirect measure of perceived distance from oculomotor cues. Perception and Psychophysics 20:419-29. [MAP]
187. Gogel, W. C. & Tietz, J. D. (1992) Absence of compensation and reasoning-like processes in the perception of orientation in depth. Perception and Psychophysics 51:309-18. [MRWD]
188. Goldstone, R. L. (1994) Influences of categorization on perceptual discrimination. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 123:178-200. [aZP] (1995) The effect of categorization on color perception. Psychological Science 6:298-304. [aZP]
189. Goldstone, R. L. (1994) Influences of categorization on perceptual discrimination. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 123:178-200. [aZP] (1995) The effect of categorization on color perception. Psychological Science 6:298-304. [aZP]
190. Goodale, M. A. (1983) Vision as a sensorimotor system. In: Behavioral approaches to brain research, ed. T. E. Robinson. Oxford University Press. [aZP] (1988) Modularity in visuomotor control: From input to output. In: Computational processes in human vision: An interdisciplinary perspective, ed. Z. W. Pylyshyn. Ablex Publishing. [aZP] (1998) Where does vision end and action begin? Current Biology 8:R489-R491. [AGr]
191. Goodale, M. A. (1983) Vision as a sensorimotor system. In: Behavioral approaches to brain research, ed. T. E. Robinson. Oxford University Press. [aZP] (1988) Modularity in visuomotor control: From input to output. In: Computational processes in human vision: An interdisciplinary perspective, ed. Z. W. Pylyshyn. Ablex Publishing. [aZP] (1998) Where does vision end and action begin? Current Biology 8:R489-R491. [AGr]
192. Goodale, M. A. (1983) Vision as a sensorimotor system. In: Behavioral approaches to brain research, ed. T. E. Robinson. Oxford University Press. [aZP] (1988) Modularity in visuomotor control: From input to output. In: Computational processes in human vision: An interdisciplinary perspective, ed. Z. W. Pylyshyn. Ablex Publishing. [aZP] (1998) Where does vision end and action begin? Current Biology 8:R489-R491. [AGr]
193. Goodale, M. A., Jacobson, J. S. & Keillor, J. M. (1994) Differences in the visual control of pantomimed and natural grasping movements. Neuropsychologia 32:1159-78. [aZP]
194. Goodale, M. A., Pelisson, D. & Prablanc, C. (1986) Large adjustments in visually guided reaching do not depend on vision of the hand or perception of target displacement Nature 320:748-50. [aZP]
195. Goren, C. C., Sarty, M. & Wu, R. W. K. (1975) Visual following and patter discrimination of face-like stimuli by new-born infants. Pediatrics 56:544-49. [VB]
196. Gottlieb, J. P., Kusunoki, M. & Goldberg, M. E. (1998) The representation of visual salience in monkey parietal cortex. Nature 391:481-84. [AGr]
197. Gottschaldt, K. (1926) Uber den Einfluß der Erfahrung auf die Wahmehmung von Figuren: 1. Psychologische Forschung 8:261-318. [RK]
198. Green, B. F. & Anderson, L. K. (1956) Color coding in a visual search task. Journal of Experimental Psychology 51:19-24. [aZP]
199. Greenfield, P. M. & Bruner, J. S. (1966) Culture and cognitive growth. International Journal of Psychology 1:89-107. [RK]
200. Greenfield, P. M., deWinstanley, P., Kilpatrick, H. & Kaye, D. (1994) Action video games and informal education: Effects on strategies for dividing visual attention. Special issue: Effects of interactive entertainment technologies on development. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology 15:105-23. [aZP]
201. Gregory, R. L. (1968) Perceptual illusions and brain models. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B 171:279-96. [TVP] (1970) The intelligent eye. McGraw-Hill. [CMM] (1973) The confounded eye. In: Illusion in nature and art, ed. R. L. Gregory & E. H. Gombrich. Duckworth. [VB] (1980) Perceptions as hypotheses. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B 290:181-97. [TVP] (1997) Knowledge in perception and illusion. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B 352:1121-28. [TVP]
202. Gregory, R. L. (1968) Perceptual illusions and brain models. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B 171:279-96. [TVP] (1970) The intelligent eye. McGraw-Hill. [CMM] (1973) The confounded eye. In: Illusion in nature and art, ed. R. L. Gregory & E. H. Gombrich. Duckworth. [VB] (1980) Perceptions as hypotheses. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B 290:181-97. [TVP] (1997) Knowledge in perception and illusion. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B 352:1121-28. [TVP]
203. Gregory, R. L. (1968) Perceptual illusions and brain models. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B 171:279-96. [TVP] (1970) The intelligent eye. McGraw-Hill. [CMM] (1973) The confounded eye. In: Illusion in nature and art, ed. R. L. Gregory & E. H. Gombrich. Duckworth. [VB] (1980) Perceptions as hypotheses. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B 290:181-97. [TVP] (1997) Knowledge in perception and illusion. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B 352:1121-28. [TVP]
204. Gregory, R. L. (1968) Perceptual illusions and brain models. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B 171:279-96. [TVP] (1970) The intelligent eye. McGraw-Hill. [CMM] (1973) The confounded eye. In: Illusion in nature and art, ed. R. L. Gregory & E. H. Gombrich. Duckworth. [VB] (1980) Perceptions as hypotheses. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B 290:181-97. [TVP] (1997) Knowledge in perception and illusion. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B 352:1121-28. [TVP]
205. Gregory, R. L. (1968) Perceptual illusions and brain models. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B 171:279-96. [TVP] (1970) The intelligent eye. McGraw-Hill. [CMM] (1973) The confounded eye. In: Illusion in nature and art, ed. R. L. Gregory & E. H. Gombrich. Duckworth. [VB] (1980) Perceptions as hypotheses. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B 290:181-97. [TVP] (1997) Knowledge in perception and illusion. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B 352:1121-28. [TVP]
206. Grimson, W. E. L. (1990) The combinatorics of object recognition in cluttered environment using constrained search. Artificial Intelligence 44:121-66. [aZP]
207. Grosof, D. H., Shapley, R. M. & Hawken, M. J. (1993) Macaque VJ neurons can signal "illusory" contours. Nature 365:550-52. [TVP]
208. Haber, R. N. (1966) Nature of the effect of set on perception. Psychological Review 73:335-51. [HE, aZP]
209. Haenny, P. E., Maunsell, J. H. R. & Schiller, P. H. (1988) State-dependent activity in monkey visual cortex. II. Retinal and extraretinal factors in V. Experimental Brain Research 69:245-59. [JB, rZP, JKT]
210. Haenny, P. & Schiller, P. (1988) State-dependent activity in monkey visual cortex. I. Single cell activity in V1 and V4 on visual tasks. Experimental Brain Research 69:225-44. [JB, aZP]
211. Hamlyn, D. W. (1957) The psychology of perception. Routledge & Kegan Paul. [MRWD]
212. Hammett, S. T. & Snowden, R. J. (1995) The effect of contrast adaptation on briefly presented stimuli. Vision Research 35:1721-25. [PGS]
213. Hanson, N. R. (1958) Patterns of discovery. Cambridge University Press. [aZP]
214. Hatwell, Y. (1978) Form perception and related issues in blind humans. In: Handbook of sensory physiology, VII: Perception, ed. R. Held, H. W. Leibowitz & H. L. Teuber. Springer Verlag. [EG] (1986) Toucher l'espace: La main et la perception tactile de l'espace [Touching space: The hand and the haptic perception of space]. Presses Universitaires de Lille. [EG] (1990) Spatial perception by eye and hand: Comparison and intermodal integration. In: Development of eye-hand coordination across life-span, ed. C. Bard, M. Fleury & L. Hay. South Carolina University Press. [EG] (1994) Transferts intermodaux et intégration intermodale [Intermodal transfer and intermodal integration]. In: Traité de psychologie expérimentale [Handbook of experimental psychology], ed. M. Richelle, J. Requin & M. Robert. Presses Universitaires de France. [EG]
215. Hatwell, Y. (1978) Form perception and related issues in blind humans. In: Handbook of sensory physiology, VII: Perception, ed. R. Held, H. W. Leibowitz & H. L. Teuber. Springer Verlag. [EG] (1986) Toucher l'espace: La main et la perception tactile de l'espace [Touching space: The hand and the haptic perception of space]. Presses Universitaires de Lille. [EG] (1990) Spatial perception by eye and hand: Comparison and intermodal integration. In: Development of eye-hand coordination across life-span, ed. C. Bard, M. Fleury & L. Hay. South Carolina University Press. [EG] (1994) Transferts intermodaux et intégration intermodale [Intermodal transfer and intermodal integration]. In: Traité de psychologie expérimentale [Handbook of experimental psychology], ed. M. Richelle, J. Requin & M. Robert. Presses Universitaires de France. [EG]
216. Hatwell, Y. (1978) Form perception and related issues in blind humans. In: Handbook of sensory physiology, VII: Perception, ed. R. Held, H. W. Leibowitz & H. L. Teuber. Springer Verlag. [EG] (1986) Toucher l'espace: La main et la perception tactile de l'espace [Touching space: The hand and the haptic perception of space]. Presses Universitaires de Lille. [EG] (1990) Spatial perception by eye and hand: Comparison and intermodal integration. In: Development of eye-hand coordination across life-span, ed. C. Bard, M. Fleury & L. Hay. South Carolina University Press. [EG] (1994) Transferts intermodaux et intégration intermodale [Intermodal transfer and intermodal integration]. In: Traité de psychologie expérimentale [Handbook of experimental psychology], ed. M. Richelle, J. Requin & M. Robert. Presses Universitaires de France. [EG]
217. Hatwell, Y. (1978) Form perception and related issues in blind humans. In: Handbook of sensory physiology, VII: Perception, ed. R. Held, H. W. Leibowitz & H. L. Teuber. Springer Verlag. [EG] (1986) Toucher l'espace: La main et la perception tactile de l'espace [Touching space: The hand and the haptic perception of space]. Presses Universitaires de Lille. [EG] (1990) Spatial perception by eye and hand: Comparison and intermodal integration. In: Development of eye-hand coordination across life-span, ed. C. Bard, M. Fleury & L. Hay. South Carolina University Press. [EG] (1994) Transferts intermodaux et intégration intermodale [Intermodal transfer and intermodal integration]. In: Traité de psychologie expérimentale [Handbook of experimental psychology], ed. M. Richelle, J. Requin & M. Robert. Presses Universitaires de France. [EG]
218. He, S., Cavanagh, P. & Intriligator, J. (1996) Attentional resolution and the locus of visual awareness. Nature 383:334-37. [S-LY]
219. Heeley, D. & Buchanan-Smith, H. (1992) Orientation acuity estimated with simultaneous and successive procedures. Spatial Vision 6:1-10. [EG]
220. Heeley, D., Buchanan-Smith, H., Cromwell, J. & Wright, J. (1997) The oblique effect in orientation acuity. Vision Research 32:235-42. [EG]
221. Heil, J. (1983) Perception and cognition. University of California Press. [MRWD]
222. Hering, E. (1964) Outlines of a theory of light sense, trans. L. M. Hurvich & D. Jameson. Harvard University Press. [JAS]
223. Hermer, L. & Spelke, E. (1996) Modularity and development: The case of spatial reorientation. Cognition 61(3):195-232. [rZP]
224. Hernandez-Péou, R., Scherrer, R. H. & Jouvet, M. (1956) Modification of electrical activity in the cochlear nucleus during "attention" in unanesthetized cats. Science 123:331-32. [aZP]
225. Hill, H. & Bruce, V. (1993) Independent effects of lighting, orientation and stereopsis on the hollow-face illusion. Perception 22:887-97. [VB] (1994) A comparison between the hollow face and hollow "potato" illusions. Perception 23:1335-37. [VB]
226. Hill, H. & Bruce, V. (1993) Independent effects of lighting, orientation and stereopsis on the hollow-face illusion. Perception 22:887-97. [VB] (1994) A comparison between the hollow face and hollow "potato" illusions. Perception 23:1335-37. [VB]
227. Hinde, R. A. (1974) Biological bases of human social behaviour. McGraw-Hill. [BC]
228. Hochberg, J. (1956) Perception: Toward a recovery of a definition. Psychological Review 63:400-405. [MAP] (1974) Higher order stimuli and inter-response coupling in the perception of the visual world. In: Perception: Essays in honor of James J. Gibson, ed. R. B. Macleod & H. L. Pick. Cornell University Press. [MAP] (1978) Perception. (2nd edition). Prentice Hall. [CMM]
229. Hochberg, J. (1956) Perception: Toward a recovery of a definition. Psychological Review 63:400-405. [MAP] (1974) Higher order stimuli and inter-response coupling in the perception of the visual world. In: Perception: Essays in honor of James J. Gibson, ed. R. B. Macleod & H. L. Pick. Cornell University Press. [MAP] (1978) Perception. (2nd edition). Prentice Hall. [CMM]
230. Hochberg, J. (1956) Perception: Toward a recovery of a definition. Psychological Review 63:400-405. [MAP] (1974) Higher order stimuli and inter-response coupling in the perception of the visual world. In: Perception: Essays in honor of James J. Gibson, ed. R. B. Macleod & H. L. Pick. Cornell University Press. [MAP] (1978) Perception. (2nd edition). Prentice Hall. [CMM]
231. Hochberg, J. & Peterson, M. A. (1987) Piecemeal organization and cognitive components in object perception: Perceptually coupled responses to moving objects. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 116:370-80. [MAP]
232. Hoffman, D. D. (1998) Visual intelligence: How we create what we see. Norton. [MS]
233. Hoffman, D. D. & Singh, M. (1997) Salience of visual parts. Cognition 63:29-78. [MS]
234. Hollingworth, A. & Henderson, J. M. (1998) Does consistent scene context facilitate object perception? Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 127:398-415.. [AH, aZP, TS] (in press) Object identification is isolated from scene semantic constraint: Evidence from object type and token discrimination. Acta Psychologica: Special Issue on Object Perception and Memory. [AH]
235. Hollingworth, A. & Henderson, J. M. (1998) Does consistent scene context facilitate object perception? Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 127:398-415.. [AH, aZP, TS] (in press) Object identification is isolated from scene semantic constraint: Evidence from object type and token discrimination. Acta Psychologica: Special Issue on Object Perception and Memory. [AH]
236. Holmes, G. (1918) Disturbances in visual orientation. British Journal of Ophthalmology 2:449-506. [JLB, aZP]
237. Howard, I. P. (1982) Human visual orientation. Wiley. [EG, aZP]
238. Hubel, D. H. & Wiesel, T. N. (1962) Receptive fields, binocular interaction, and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex. Journal of Physiology 160:106-54. [aZP]
239. Humphreys, G. W. & Riddoch, M. J. (1987) To see but not to see: A case study of visual agnosia. Erlbaum. [aZP]
240. Hupé, J. M., James, A. C., Payne, B. R., Lomber, S. G., Girard, P. & Bullier, J. (1998) Cortical feedback improves discrimination between figure and background by V1, V2 and V3 neurons. Nature 394:784-87. [JB]
241. Irwin, D. E. (1993) Perceiving an integrated visual world. In: Attention and performance XIV, ed. D. E. Meyer & S. Kornblum. MIT Press. [aZP]
242. Ittelson, W. H. (1952) The Ames demonstrations in perception. Princeton University Press. [RK]
243. Ittelson, W. H. & Ames, A. J. (1968) The Ames demonstrations in perception. Hafner. [aZP]
244. Jacoby, L. L. & Brooks, L. R. (1984) Nonanalytic cognition: Memory, perception, and concept learning. In: The psychology of learning and motivation, vol. 18, ed. G. H. Bower. Academic Press. [TS]
245. Jeffreys, D. A. (1996) Evoked potential studies of face and object processing. Visual Cognition 3:1-38. [JB]
246. Johanssen, G. (1950) Configurations in event perception. Houghton Mifflin. [aZP]
247. Johnson, M. H., Dziurawiec, S., Ellis, H. & Morton, J. (1991) Newborns' preferential tracking of face-like stimuli and its subsequent decline. Cognition 40:1-19. [VB]
248. Johnson-Laird, P. N. (1983) Mental models. Cambridge University Press. [AGe]
249. Johnston, A., Hill, H. & Carman, N. (1992) Recognising faces: Effects of lighting direction, inversion, and brightness reversal. Perception 21:365-75. [VB]
250. Johnston, E. B. (1991) Systematic distortions of shape from stereopsis. Vision Research 31:1351-60. [YA]
251. Johnston, W. A. & Hawley, K. J. (1994) Perceptual inhibition of expected inputs: The key that opens closed minds. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review 1:56-72. [TVP]
252. Jolicoeur, P. (1988) Mental rotation and the identification of disoriented objects. Canadian Journal of Psychology 42:461-78. [MAP]
253. Jones, E. & Bruner, J. (1954) Expectancy in apparent visual movement. British Journal of Psychology 45:157-65. [MRWD]
254. Julesz, B. (1971) Foundations of Cyclopean perception. University of Chicago Press. [aZP] (1984) Toward an axiomatic theory of preattentive vision. In: Dynamic aspects of neocortical function, ed. G. Edeman, M. Cowen & E. Gall. Wiley. [CMM] (1990) Early vision is bottom up, except for focal attention. Cold Spring Harbor Symposium on Quantitative Biology 55:973-78. [aZP]
255. Julesz, B. (1971) Foundations of Cyclopean perception. University of Chicago Press. [aZP] (1984) Toward an axiomatic theory of preattentive vision. In: Dynamic aspects of neocortical function, ed. G. Edeman, M. Cowen & E. Gall. Wiley. [CMM] (1990) Early vision is bottom up, except for focal attention. Cold Spring Harbor Symposium on Quantitative Biology 55:973-78. [aZP]
256. Julesz, B. (1971) Foundations of Cyclopean perception. University of Chicago Press. [aZP] (1984) Toward an axiomatic theory of preattentive vision. In: Dynamic aspects of neocortical function, ed. G. Edeman, M. Cowen & E. Gall. Wiley. [CMM] (1990) Early vision is bottom up, except for focal attention. Cold Spring Harbor Symposium on Quantitative Biology 55:973-78. [aZP]
257. Julesz, B. & Papathomas, T. V. (1984) On spatial-frequency channels and attention. Perception and Psychophysics 36:398-99. [aZP]
258. Kahneman, D. & Treisman, A. (1992) The reviewing of object files: Object-specific integration of information. Cognitive Psychology 24(2):175-219. [arZP]
259. Kanisza, B. (1985) Seeing and thinking. Acta Psychologica 59:23-33. [CMM]
260. Kanizsa, G. (1969) Perception, past experience and the impossible experiment. Acta Psychologica 31:66-96. [aZP] (1976) Subjective contours. Scientific American 234:48-52. [TVP] (1985) Seeing and thinking. Acta Psychologica 59:23-33. [aZP]
261. Kanizsa, G. (1969) Perception, past experience and the impossible experiment. Acta Psychologica 31:66-96. [aZP] (1976) Subjective contours. Scientific American 234:48-52. [TVP] (1985) Seeing and thinking. Acta Psychologica 59:23-33. [aZP]
262. Kanizsa, G. (1969) Perception, past experience and the impossible experiment. Acta Psychologica 31:66-96. [aZP] (1976) Subjective contours. Scientific American 234:48-52. [TVP] (1985) Seeing and thinking. Acta Psychologica 59:23-33. [aZP]
263. Kanizsa, G. & Gerbino, W. (1982) Amodal completion: Seeing or thinking? In: Organization and representation in perception, ed. B. Beck, Erlbaum. [aZP]
264. Kanwisher, N., McDermott, J. & Chunn, M. M. (1997) The fusiform face area: A module in human extrastriate cortex specialized for face perception. Journal of Neuroscience 17:4302-11. [aZP]
265. Karni, A. & Bertini, G. (1997) Learning perceptual skills: Behavioral probes into adult cortical plasticity. Current Opinions in Neurobiology 7:530-35. [PTS]
266. Karni, A. & Sagi, D. (1995) A memory system in the adult visual cortex. In: Maturational Windows and adult cortical plasticity, ed. B. Julesz & I. Kovacs. Addison-Wesley. [aZP]
267. Katz, S. (1983) R. L. Gregory and others: The wrong picture of the picture theory of perception. Perception 12:269-79. [BC]
268. Kawabata, N. (1986) Attention and depth perception. Perception 15:563-72. [aZP]
269. Kelly, M. D. (1971) Edge detection by computer using planning. In: Machine intelligence 6, ed. B. Meltzer & D. Michie. University of Edinburgh Press. [aZP]
270. Knill, D. C. & Richards, W. A., eds. (1996) Perception as Bayesian inference. Cambridge University Press. [MS]
271. Koenderink, J. J., Kappers, A. & van Doorn, A. (1992) Local operations: The embodiment of geometry. In: Artificial and biological vision systems, ed. G. A. Orban & H. H. Nagel. Springer-Verlag. [YA]
272. Koffka, K. (1935) Principles of Gestalt psychology. Harcourt. [BC]
273. Kolers, P. (1972) Aspects of motion perception. Pergamon Press. [MRWD]
274. Kolinsky, R. (1998) Spoken word recognition: A stage-processing approach to language differences. The European Journal of Cognitive Psychology 10:1-40. [RK]
275. Kolinsky, R., Morais, J. & Brito-Mendes, C. (1990) Embeddedness effects on part verification in children and unschooled adults. Psychologica Belgica 30:49-64. [RK]
276. Kolinsky, R., Morais, J., Content, A. & Cary, L. (1987) Finding parts within figures: A developmental study. Perception 16:399-407. [RK]
277. Kolinsky, R., Morais, J. & Verhaeghe, A. (1994) Visual separability: A study on unschooled adults. Perception 23:471-86. [RK]
278. Kosslyn, S. M. (1994) Image and brain. MIT Press. [aZP] (1995) Mental imagery. In: An invitation to cognitive science: Vol. 2. Visual cognition, 2nd edition, ed. S. M. Kosslyn & D. N. Osherson. MIT Press. [GR]
279. Kosslyn, S. M. (1994) Image and brain. MIT Press. [aZP] (1995) Mental imagery. In: An invitation to cognitive science: Vol. 2. Visual cognition, 2nd edition, ed. S. M. Kosslyn & D. N. Osherson. MIT Press. [GR]
280. Kosslyn, S. M. & Sussman, A. L. (1995) Roles of imagery in perception: Or, there is no such thing as immaculate perception. In: The cognitive neurosciences, ed. M. S. Gazzaniga. MIT Press. [EG]
281. Kosslyn, S. M., Thompson, W. L., Kim, I. J. & Alpert, N. M. (1995) Topographic representations of mental images in primary visual cortex. Nature 378:496-98. [BC]
282. Kowler, E. (1989) Cognitive expectations, not habits, control anticipatory smooth oculomotor pursuit. Vision Research 29:1049-57. [rZP] (1990) The role of visual and cognitive processes in the control of eye movement. In: Eye movements and their role in visual and cognitive processes, ed. E. Kowler. Elsevier. [rZP]
283. Kowler, E. (1989) Cognitive expectations, not habits, control anticipatory smooth oculomotor pursuit. Vision Research 29:1049-57. [rZP] (1990) The role of visual and cognitive processes in the control of eye movement. In: Eye movements and their role in visual and cognitive processes, ed. E. Kowler. Elsevier. [rZP]
284. Krueger, L. E. (1984) The category effect in visual search depends on physical rather than conceptual differences. Perception and Psychophysics 35:558-64. [LEK] (1989) Cognitive impenetrability of perception (Commentary on D. W. Massaro, "Speech perception by ear and eye: A paradigm for psychological inquiry"). Behavioral and Brain Sciences 12:769-70. [LEK]
285. Krueger, L. E. (1984) The category effect in visual search depends on physical rather than conceptual differences. Perception and Psychophysics 35:558-64. [LEK] (1989) Cognitive impenetrability of perception (Commentary on D. W. Massaro, "Speech perception by ear and eye: A paradigm for psychological inquiry"). Behavioral and Brain Sciences 12:769-70. [LEK]
286. Kreuger, L. E. & Tsay, C.-Y. (1990) Analyzing vision at the complexity level: Misplaced complexity? (Commentary on J. K. Tsotsos, "Analyzing vision at the compexity level"). Behavioral and Brain Sciences 13:449-50. [LEK]
287. Kubovy, M., Cohen, D. J. & Hollier, J. (in press) Feature integration that routinely occurs without focal attention. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review. [DJC]
288. Kuhn, T. (1972) The structure of scientific revolutions. University of Chicago Press. [aZP]
289. Külpe, O. (1904) Versuche über Abstraktion. Bericht über den Ie Kongresz für Experimentale Psychologie. [HE]
290. Kutas, M., McCarthy, G. & Donchin, E. (1977) Augmenting mental chronometry: The P300 as a measure of stimulus evaluation time. Science 197:792-95. [aZP]
291. Lamme, V. A. F. (1995) The neurophysiology of figure ground segregation in primary visual cortex. Journal of Neuroscience 15:1605-15. [JB]
292. Lamme, V. A. F., Zipser, K. & Spekreijse, H. (1998) Figure-ground activity in primary visual cortex is suppressed by anesthesia. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 95:3263-68. [JB]
293. Langton, S. R. H. & Bruce, V. (in press) Reflexive visual orienting in response to the social attention of others. Visual Cognition. [VB]
294. Latimer, C. R. (1988) Eye movement data: Cumulative fixation time and cluster analysis. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments and Computers 20:437-70. [CL]
295. Latimer, C. R. & Stevens, C. J. (1993) Eye movement measures and connectionist models of form perception. In: Cognitive approaches to human perception, ed. S. Ballesteros. Erlbaum. [CL]
296. Lawrence, D. H. & Coles, G. R. (1954) Accuracy of recognition with alternatives before and after the stimulus. Journal of Experimental Psychology 47:208-14. [HE]
297. Lee, D. N. & Lishman, J. R. (1975) Visual proprioceptive control of stance. Journal of Human Movement Studies 1:87-95. [aZP]
298. Leopold, D. A. & Logothetis, N. K. (1996) Activity changes in early visual cortex reflect monkeys' percepts during binocular rivalry. Nature 379:549-53. [JB]
299. Leslie, A. M. (1988) The necessity of illusion: Perception and thought in infancy. In: Thought without language, ed. L. Weiskrantz. Oxford Science Publications. [aZP] (1994) Pretending and believing: Issues in the theory of ToMM. Cognition 50(1- 2):211-38. [rZP]
300. Leslie, A. M. (1988) The necessity of illusion: Perception and thought in infancy. In: Thought without language, ed. L. Weiskrantz. Oxford Science Publications. [aZP] (1994) Pretending and believing: Issues in the theory of ToMM. Cognition 50(1-2):211-38. [rZP]
301. Liberman, I. Y., Shankweiler, D. P., Fischer, F. W. & Carter, B. (1974) Explicit syllable and phoneme segmentation in the young child. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology 18:201-12. [RK]
302. Lindsay, P. H. & Norman, D. A. (1977) Human information processing: An introduction to psychology. Academic Press. [aZP]
303. Lindsay, P. H. Taylor, M. M. & Forbes, S. M. (1968) Attention and multidimensional discrimination. Perception and Psychophysics 4:113-17. [NAM]
304. Livingstone, M. S. & Hubel, D. H. (1987) Psychophysical evidence for separate channels for the perception of form, color, movement, and depth. The Journal of Neuroscience 7:3416-68. [aZP, GV]
305. Longstreth, L. E., El-Zahhar, N. & Alcorn, M. B. (1985) Exceptions to Hick's Law: Explorations with a response duration measure. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 114:417-34. [aZP]
306. Lowe, D. (1987) Three-dimensional object recognition from single two-dimensional images. Artificial Intelligence 31:355-59. [aZP]
307. Lumer, E. D., Friston, K. J. & Rees, G. (1998) Neural correlates of perceptual rivalry in the human brain. Science 280:1930-34. [JB]
308. Lupker, S. J. & Massaro, D. W. (1979) Selective perception without confounding contributions of decision and memory. Perception and Psychophysics 25:60-69. [aZP]
309. Lynch, J. C. (1980) The functional organization of posterior parietal cortex. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 3:485-534. [aZP]
310. Mace, W. M. (1977) James Gibson's strategy for perceiving: Ask not what's in your head, but what your head is inside of. In: Perceiving, acting and knowing, ed. R. Shaw & J. Bransford. Erlbaum. [MRWD]
311. Macmillan, N. A. & Creelman, C. D. (1991) Detection theory: A user's guide. Cambridge University Press. [LEK]
312. Macmillan, N. A., Goldberg, R. F. & Braida, L. D. (1988) Resolution for speech sounds: Basic sensitivity and context memory on vowel and consonant continua. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 84:1262-80. [NAM]
313. Magnuson, S. (1970) Reversibility of perspective in normal and stabilized viewing. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology 11:153-56. [aZP]
314. Maloney, L. T. & Wandell, B. A. (1990) Color constancy: A method for recovering surface spectral reflectance. In: Image understanding 1989, ed. S. Ullman & W. Richards. Ablex Publishing. [aZP]
315. Marr, D. (1982) Vision: A computational investigation into the human representation and processing of visual information. W. H. Freeman. [YA, MRWD, SE, LEK, AN, JRP, aZP, AR, PTS]
316. Marr, D. & Nishihara, H. K. (1978) Representation and recognition of the spatial organization of three-dimensional shapes. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, B 200:269-94. [AH]
317. Marr, D. & Poggio, T. (1979) A theory of human stereo vision. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London 204:301-28. [aZP]
318. Massaro, D. W. (1988) Experimental psychology: An information processing approach. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. [aZP]
319. Masson, M. E. J. & Borowsky, R. (1998) More than meets the eye: Context effects in word identification. Memory and Cognition (in press). [GR]
320. Maunsell, J. H. R., Sclar, G., Nealey, T. A. & Depriest, D. D. (1991) Extraretinal representations in area V4 in the macaque monkey. Visual Neuroscience 7:561-73. [AGr]
321. McBeath, M. K., Morikawa, K. & Kaiser, M. K. (1992) Perceptual bias for forward-facing motion. Psychological Science 3:362-67. [KY]
322. McCarthy, G. & Donchin, E. (1981) A metric for thought: A comparison of P300 latency and reaction time. Science 211:77-80. [aZP]
323. McClelland, J. L. (1976) Preliminary letter identification in the perception of words and nonwords. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 3:80-91. [JSB] (1991) Stochastic interactive processes and the effect of context on perception. Cognitive Psychology 23:1-44. [aZP]
324. McClelland, J. L. (1976) Preliminary letter identification in the perception of words and nonwords. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 3:80-91. [JSB] (1991) Stochastic interactive processes and the effect of context on perception. Cognitive Psychology 23:1-44. [aZP]
325. McClelland, J. L. & Elman, J. L. (1986) The TRACE model of speech perception. Cognitive Psychology 18:1-86. [aZP]
326. McClelland, J. L. & Rumelhart, D. E. (1981) An interactive model of context effects in letter perception: Part I. An account of basic findings. Psychological Review 80:375-407. [TS]
327. McFarland, D. J. &: Cacace, A. T. (1995) Modality specificity as a criterion for diagnosing central auditory processing disorders. American Journal of Audiology 4:36-48. [DJM] (1997) Modality specificity of auditory and visual pattern recognition: Implications for the assessment of central auditory processing disorders. Audiology 36:249-60. [DJM]
328. McFarland, D. J. &: Cacace, A. T. (1995) Modality specificity as a criterion for diagnosing central auditory processing disorders. American Journal of Audiology 4:36-48. [DJM] (1997) Modality specificity of auditory and visual pattern recognition: Implications for the assessment of central auditory processing disorders. Audiology 36:249-60. [DJM]
329. McGurk, H. & MacDonald, J. (1976) Hearing lips and seeing voices Nature 264:746-48. [VB]
330. McIntosh, A. R., Grady, C. L., Ungerleider, L. G., Haxby, J. V., Rapoport, S. I. & Horwitz, B. (1994) Network analysis of cortical visual pathways mapped with PET. Journal of Neuroscience 14:655-66. [AGr]
331. McLeod, P., Driver, J. & Crisp, J. (1988) Visual search for a conjunction of movement and form is parallel. Nature 332:154-55. [aZP]
332. McLeod, P., Driver, J., Dienes, Z. & Crisp, J. (1991) Filtering by movement in visual search. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 17:55-64. [aZP]
333. Mel, B. (1997) SEEMORE: Combining color, shape, and texture histogramming in a neurally-inspired approach to visual object recognition. Neural Computation 9:777-804. [SE]
334. Merigan, W. H., Nealey, T. A. & Maunsell, J. H. R. (1992) Qualitatively different effects of lesions of cortical areas V1 and V2 in macaques. Perception 21:55-56. [aZP]
335. Michaels, C. F. & Carello, C. (1981) Direct perception. Prentice-Hall. [MRWD, RW]
336. Millar, S. (1994) Understanding and representing space: Theory and evidence from studies with blind and sighted space. Clarendon Press. [EG]
337. Miller, G. A. (1962) Decision units in the perception of speech. Institute of Radio Engineers: Transactions on Information Theory 8:81-83. [aZP]
338. Miller, G. A., Bruner, J. S. & Postman, L. (1954) Familiarity of letter sequences and tachistoscopic identification. Journal of General Psychology 50:129-39. [aZP]
339. Milner, A. D. & Goodale, M. A. (1995) The visual brain in action. Oxford University Press. [aZP]
340. Mollon, J. D. & Danilova, M. V. (1996) Three remarks on perceptual learning. Spatial Vision 10:51-58. [PTS]
341. Moore, C. M. & Egeth, H. (1998) Perception without attention: Evidence of grouping under conditions of inattention. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 23:339-52. [HE]
342. Morais, J., Bertelson, P., Cary, L. & Alegria, J. (1986) Literacy training and speech segmentation. Cognition 24:45-64. [RK]
343. Morais, J., Cary, L., Algeria, J. & Bertelson, P. (1979) Does awareness of speech as a sequence of phones arise spontaneously? Cognition 7:323-31. [RK]
344. Morais, J. & Kolinsky, R. (1994) Perception and awareness in phonological processing: The case of the phoneme. Cognition 50:287-97. [RK] (1995) The consequences of phonemic awareness. In: Speech and reading: Comparative approaches, ed. B. de Gelder & J. Morais. Erlbaum. [RK]
345. Morais, J. & Kolinsky, R. (1994) Perception and awareness in phonological processing: The case of the phoneme. Cognition 50:287-97. [RK] (1995) The consequences of phonemic awareness. In: Speech and reading: Comparative approaches, ed. B. de Gelder & J. Morais. Erlbaum. [RK]
346. Moran, J. & Desimone, R. (1985) Selective attention gates visual processing in the extrastriate cortex. Science 229:782-84. [arZP, JKT, S-LY]
347. Moray, N. (1970) Attention: Selective processes in vision and hearing. Academic Press. [LEK]
348. Morion, J. (1969) Interaction of information in word recognition. Psychological Review 76:165-78. [aZP]
349. Motter, B. C. (1993) Focal attention produces spatially selective processing in visual cortical areas V1, V2 and V4 in the presence of competing stimuli. Journal of Neurophysiology 70:909-919. [PTS] (1994a) Neural correlates of attentive selection for color or luminance in extrastriate area V4. Journal of Neuroscience 14:2178-89. [JB] (1994b) Neural correlates of feature selective memory and pop-out in extrastriate area V4. Journal of Neuroscience 14:2190-99. [JB]
350. Motter, B. C. (1993) Focal attention produces spatially selective processing in visual cortical areas V1, V2 and V4 in the presence of competing stimuli. Journal of Neurophysiology 70:909-919. [PTS] (1994a) Neural correlates of attentive selection for color or luminance in extrastriate area V4. Journal of Neuroscience 14:2178-89. [JB] (1994b) Neural correlates of feature selective memory and pop-out in extrastriate area V4. Journal of Neuroscience 14:2190-99. [JB]
351. Motter, B. C. (1993) Focal attention produces spatially selective processing in visual cortical areas V1, V2 and V4 in the presence of competing stimuli. Journal of Neurophysiology 70:909-919. [PTS] (1994a) Neural correlates of attentive selection for color or luminance in extrastriate area V4. Journal of Neuroscience 14:2178-89. [JB] (1994b) Neural correlates of feature selective memory and pop-out in extrastriate area V4. Journal of Neuroscience 14:2190-99. [JB]
352. Mountcastle, V., Motter, B., Steinmetz, M. & Sestokas, A. (1987) Common and differential effects of attentive fixation on the excitability of parietal and prestriate (V4) cortical visual neurons in the macaque monkey. Journal of Neuroscience 7:2239-55. [aZP]
353. Muller, H. J. & Findlay, J. M. (1987) Sensitivity and criterion effects in the spatial cuing of visual attention. Perception and Psychophysics 42:383-99. [aZP]
354. Nakayama, K., He, Z. J. & Shimojo, S. (1995) Visual surface representation: A critical link between lower-level and higher-level vision. In: Visual cognition: An invitation to cognitive science, vol. 2, ed. S. M. Kosslyn & D. N. Osherson. MIT Press. [CMM, JHP, arZP]
355. Nakayama, K. & Shimojo, S. (1992) Experiencing and perceiving visual surfaces. Science 257:1357-63. [SE]
356. Nakayama, K. & Silverman, G. H. (1986) Serial and parallel processing of visual feature conjunctions. Nature 320:264-65. [aZP]
357. Naumann, E., Huber, C., Maier, S., Plihal, W., Wustmans, A., Diedrich, O. & Bartussek, D. (1992) The scalp topography of P300 in the visual and auditory modalities: A comparison of three normalization methods and the control of statistical type II error. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology 83:254-64. [DJM]
358. Navon, D. (1977) Forest before trees: The precedence of global features in visual perception. Cognitive Psychology 9:353-83. [LEK]
359. Neisser, U. (1967) Cognitive psychology. Appleton-Century-Crofts. [LEK]
360. Newell, A. (1973) You can't play 20 Questions with nature and win: Projective comments on the papers of this symposium. In: Visual information processing, ed. W. G. Chase. Academic Press. [CL, rZP] (1980) HARPY, production systems, and human cognition. In: Perception and production of fluent speech, R. A. Cole. Erlbaum. [aZP] (1990) Unified theories of cognition. Harvard University Press. [aZP]
361. Newell, A. (1973) You can't play 20 Questions with nature and win: Projective comments on the papers of this symposium. In: Visual information processing, ed. W. G. Chase. Academic Press. [CL, rZP] (1980) HARPY, production systems, and human cognition. In: Perception and production of fluent speech, R. A. Cole. Erlbaum. [aZP] (1990) Unified theories of cognition. Harvard University Press. [aZP]
362. Newell, A. (1973) You can't play 20 Questions with nature and win: Projective comments on the papers of this symposium. In: Visual information processing, ed. W. G. Chase. Academic Press. [CL, rZP] (1980) HARPY, production systems, and human cognition. In: Perception and production of fluent speech, R. A. Cole. Erlbaum. [aZP] (1990) Unified theories of cognition. Harvard University Press. [aZP]
363. Nisbett, R. E. & Wilson, T. D. (1977) Telling more than we can know: Verbal reports on mental prcesses. Psychological Review 84(3):231-59. [rZP]
364. Noë, A. (submitted) Action in perception. [AN]
365. Noë, A., Pessoa, L. & Thompson, E. (in press) Beyond the grand illusion: What change blindness really teaches us about vision. Vision Cognition. [AN]
366. Norris, D. (1987) Strategic control of sentence context effects in naming task. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Experimental Psychology 39A:253-75. [TS] (1995) Signal detection theory and modularity: On being sensitive to the power of bias models of semantic priming. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 21:935-39. [arZP, GR]
367. Norris, D. (1987) Strategic control of sentence context effects in naming task. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Experimental Psychology 39A:253-75. [TS] (1995) Signal detection theory and modularity: On being sensitive to the power of bias models of semantic priming. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 21:935-39. [arZP, GR]
368. Nougier, V., Ripoll, H. & Stein, J.-F. (1989) Orienting of attention with highly skilled athletes. International Journal of Sport Psychology 20:205-23. [aZP]
369. Nowak, L. G. & Bullier, J. (1997) The timing of information transfer in the visual system. In: Extrastriate visual cortex in primates, vol. 12, ed. J. H. Kaas, K. L. Rockland & A. L. Peters. Plenum Press. [JB]
370. Ogle, K. N. (1964) Researches in binocular vision. Hafner. [YA]
371. Oliva, A. & Schyns, P. G. (1997) Coarse blobs, or fine scale edges? Evidence that information diagnosticity changes the perception of complex visual stimuli. Cognitive Psychology 34:72-107. [PGS]
372. O'Regan, J. K. (1992) Solving the "real" mysteries of visual perception: The world as an outside memory. Canadian Journal of Psychology 46:461-88. [SE, arZP]
373. O'Toole, A. J. & Kersten, D. J. (1992) Learning to see random-dot stereograms. Perception 21:227-43. [PTS]
374. Paap, K. R., Newsome, S. L., McDonald, J. E. & Schvaneveldt, R. W.
375. Pachella, R. G. (1974) The interpretation of reaction time in information processing research. In: Human information processing: Tutorials in performance and cognition, ed. B. H. Kantowitz. Erlbaum. [WRU] (1975) The effect of set on the tachistoscopic recognition of pictures. In: Attention and Performance V, ed. P. M. A. Rabbitt & S. Dornic. Academic Press. [HE]
376. Pachella, R. G. (1974) The interpretation of reaction time in information processing research. In: Human information processing: Tutorials in performance and cognition, ed. B. H. Kantowitz. Erlbaum. [WRU] (1975) The effect of set on the tachistoscopic recognition of pictures. In: Attention and Performance V, ed. P. M. A. Rabbitt & S. Dornic. Academic Press. [HE]
377. Palmer, S. E. (1975) The effects of contextual scenes on the identification of objects. Memory and Cognition 3:519-26. [AH] (1977) Hierarchical structure in perceptual representation. Cognitive Psychology 9:441-74. [RK]
378. Palmer, S. E. (1975) The effects of contextual scenes on the identification of objects. Memory and Cognition 3:519-26. [AH] (1977) Hierarchical structure in perceptual representation. Cognitive Psychology 9:441-74. [RK]
379. Pani, J. R. (1997) Descriptions of orientation in physical reasoning. Current Trends in Psychological Science 6:121-26. [JRP]
380. Pastore, N. (1949) Need as a determinant of perception. The Journal of Psychology 28:457-75. [MAP]
381. Peacocke, C. (1992) A study of concepts. MIT Press. [JLB, rZP]
382. Perrett, D. I., Harries, M. H., Benson, P. J., Chitty, A. J. & Mistlin, A. J. (1990) Retrieval of structure from rigid and biological motion: An analysis of the visual responses of neurones in the macaque temporal cortex. In: AI and the eye, ed. A. Blake & T. Troscianko. Wiley. [aZP]
383. Perrett, D. I., Mistlin, A. J. & Chitty, A. J. (1987) Visual neurons responsive to faces. Trends in Neuroscience 10:358-64. [aZP]
384. Pessoa, L., Thompson, E. & Noë, A. (1998) Finding out about filling in: A guide to perceptual completion for visual science and the philosophy of perception. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 21(6):723-80. [SE, aZP]
385. Petersik, J. T. (1989) The two-process distinction in apparent motion. Psychological Bulletin 106:107-27. [MRWD]
386. Peterson, M. A. (1986) Illusory concomitant motion in ambiguous stereograms: Evidence for nousensory components in perceptual organization. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 12:50-60. [MAP] (1994a) Shape recognition can and does occur before figure-ground organization. Current Directions in Psychological Science 3:105-111. [MAP] (1994b) The proper placement of uniform connectedness. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review 1:509-14. [MAP] (1999a) What's in a stage name? Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 25(1)276-86. [MAP] (1999b) High-level vision. MIT Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science. [MAP]
387. Peterson, M. A. (1986) Illusory concomitant motion in ambiguous stereograms: Evidence for nousensory components in perceptual organization. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 12:50-60. [MAP] (1994a) Shape recognition can and does occur before figure-ground organization. Current Directions in Psychological Science 3:105-111. [MAP] (1994b) The proper placement of uniform connectedness. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review 1:509-14. [MAP] (1999a) What's in a stage name? Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 25(1)276-86. [MAP] (1999b) High-level vision. MIT Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science. [MAP]
388. Peterson, M. A. (1986) Illusory concomitant motion in ambiguous stereograms: Evidence for nousensory components in perceptual organization. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 12:50-60. [MAP] (1994a) Shape recognition can and does occur before figure-ground organization. Current Directions in Psychological Science 3:105-111. [MAP] (1994b) The proper placement of uniform connectedness. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review 1:509-14. [MAP] (1999a) What's in a stage name? Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 25(1)276-86. [MAP] (1999b) High-level vision. MIT Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science. [MAP]
389. Peterson, M. A. (1986) Illusory concomitant motion in ambiguous stereograms: Evidence for nousensory components in perceptual organization. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 12:50-60. [MAP] (1994a) Shape recognition can and does occur before figure-ground organization. Current Directions in Psychological Science 3:105-111. [MAP] (1994b) The proper placement of uniform connectedness. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review 1:509-14. [MAP] (1999a) What's in a stage name? Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 25(1)276-86. [MAP] (1999b) High-level vision. MIT Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science. [MAP]
390. Peterson, M. A. (1986) Illusory concomitant motion in ambiguous stereograms: Evidence for nousensory components in perceptual organization. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 12:50-60. [MAP] (1994a) Shape recognition can and does occur before figure-ground organization. Current Directions in Psychological Science 3:105-111. [MAP] (1994b) The proper placement of uniform connectedness. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review 1:509-14. [MAP] (1999a) What's in a stage name? Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 25(1)276-86. [MAP] (1999b) High-level vision. MIT Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science. [MAP]
391. Peterson, M. A., De Gelder, B., Rapcsak, S. V., Gerhardstein, P. & Bachoud-Lévi, A. C. (under review) A double dissociation between implicit and explicit object recognition processes in patients with brain damage. [MAP]
392. Peterson, M. A., Gerhardstein, P., Mennemeier, M. & Rapcsak, S. V. (1998) Object-centered attentional biases and object recognition contributions to scene segmentation in right hemisphere- and left hemisphere-damaged patients. Psychobiology 26(4):357-80. [MAP]
393. Peterson, M. A. & Gibson, B. S. (1991) Directing spatial attention within an object: Altering the functional equivalence of shape descriptions. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 17:170-82. [MAP, aZP] (1993) Shape recognition contributions to figure- ground organization in three- dimensional display. Cognitive Psychology 25:383-429. [MAP] (1994a) Must figure-ground organization precede object recognition? An assumption in peril. Psychological Science 5:253-59. [JRP, MAP, TS] (1994b) Object recognition contributions to figure- ground organization: Operations on outlines and subjective contours. Perception and Psychophysics 56:551-64. [MAP]
394. Peterson, M. A. & Gibson, B. S. (1991) Directing spatial attention within an object: Altering the functional equivalence of shape descriptions. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 17:170-82. [MAP, aZP] (1993) Shape recognition contributions to figure- ground organization in three-dimensional display. Cognitive Psychology 25:383-429. [MAP] (1994a) Must figure-ground organization precede object recognition? An assumption in peril. Psychological Science 5:253-59. [JRP, MAP, TS] (1994b) Object recognition contributions to figure- ground organization: Operations on outlines and subjective contours. Perception and Psychophysics 56:551-64. [MAP]
395. Peterson, M. A. & Gibson, B. S. (1991) Directing spatial attention within an object: Altering the functional equivalence of shape descriptions. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 17:170-82. [MAP, aZP] (1993) Shape recognition contributions to figure- ground organization in three- dimensional display. Cognitive Psychology 25:383-429. [MAP] (1994a) Must figure-ground organization precede object recognition? An assumption in peril. Psychological Science 5:253-59. [JRP, MAP, TS] (1994b) Object recognition contributions to figure- ground organization: Operations on outlines and subjective contours. Perception and Psychophysics 56:551-64. [MAP]
396. Peterson, M. A. & Gibson, B. S. (1991) Directing spatial attention within an object: Altering the functional equivalence of shape descriptions. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 17:170-82. [MAP, aZP] (1993) Shape recognition contributions to figure- ground organization in three- dimensional display. Cognitive Psychology 25:383-429. [MAP] (1994a) Must figure-ground organization precede object recognition? An assumption in peril. Psychological Science 5:253-59. [JRP, MAP, TS] (1994b) Object recognition contributions to figure- ground organization: Operations on outlines and subjective contours. Perception and Psychophysics 56:551-64. [MAP]
397. Peterson, M. A., Harvey, E. H. & Weidenbacher, H. L. (1991) Shape recognition inputs to figure-ground organization: Which route counts? Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 17:1075-89. [MAP]
398. Peterson, M. A. & Hochberg, J. (1983) Opposed-set measurement procedure: A quantitative analysis of the role of local cues and intention in form perception. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 9:183-93. [MAP, rZP]
399. Peterson, M. A., Nadel, L., Bloom, P. & Garrett, M. F. (1996) Space and language. In: Language and space, ed. P. Bloom, M. A. Peterson, L. Nadel & M. F. Garrett. MIT Press. [MAP]
400. Pinker, S. (1984) Visual cognition. MIT Press. [GR] (1997) How the mind works. Penguin Press. [GR]
401. Pinker, S. (1984) Visual cognition. MIT Press. [GR] (1997) How the mind works. Penguin Press. [GR]
402. Pitcher, G. (1971) A theory of perception. Princeton University Press. [1971]
403. Poggio, T., Torre, V. & Koch, C. (1990) Computational vision and regularization theory. In: Image understanding 1989, ed. S. Ullman & W. Richard. Ablex Publishing. [aZP]
404. Polk, T. A. & Farah, M. J. (1997) A simple common contexts explanation for the development of abstract letter identities. Neural Computation 9:1277-89. [JSB]
405. Pomerantz, J. R. (1983) Global and local precedence: Selective attention in form and vision. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 112(4):516-40. [rZP]
406. Potter, M. C. (1975) Meaning in visual search. Science 187:965-66. [aZP]
407. Prinzmetal, W., Amiri, H., Allen, K. & Edwards, T. (1998) Phenomenology of attention: I. Color, location, orientation, and spatial frequeney. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 24:261-82. [HE]
408. Proctor, R. W. (1981) A unified theory for matching-task phenomena. Psychological Review 88:291-326. [LEK]
409. Proctor, R. W. & Rao, K. V. (1983) Evidence that the same-different disparity in letter matching is not attributable to response bias. Perception and Psychophysics 34:72-76. [LEK]
410. Proteau, L. (1992) On the specificity of learning and the role of visual information for movement control. In: Vision and motor control. Advances in psychology no. 85, ed. L. Proteau & D. Elliot. North-Holland. [aZP]
411. Pylyshyn, Z. W. (1973) What the mind's eye tells the minds brain: A critique of mental imagery. Psychological Bulletin 80:1-24. [BC, JRP, rZP] (1978) Imagery and artificial intelligence. In: Perception and cognition: Issues in the foundations of psychology, ed. C. W. Savage. University of Minnesota Press. [aZP] (1979) Validating computational models: A critique of Anderson's indeterminacy of representation claim. Psychological Review 86(4):383-94. [rZP] (1980) Computation and cognition: Issues in the foundations of cognitive science. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 3(1):111-32. [BC, MRWD, rZP] (1981) The imagery debate: Analogue media versus tacit knowledge. Psychological Review 88:16-45. [BC, arZP] (1984) Computation and cognition: Toward a foundation for cognitive science. MIT Press. [MRWD, TVP, arZP] (1989) The role of location indexes in spatial perception: A sketch of the FINST spatial-index model. Cognition 32:65-97. [arZP] (1991) The role of cognitive architectures in theories of cognition. In: Architectures for intelligence, ed. K. VanLehn. Erlbaum. [rZP] (1994) Some primitive mechanisms of spatial attention. Cognition 50:363-84. [aZP] (1998) Visual indexes in spatial vision and imagery. In: Visual attention, ed. R. D. Wright. Oxford University Press. [rZP] (in press) Connecting vision and the word: Tracking the missing link. In: The foundations of cognitive science, ed. A. Marques, J. Branquinho & J. Saagua. Oxford University Press. [rZP]
412. Pylyshyn, Z. W. (1973) What the mind's eye tells the minds brain: A critique of mental imagery. Psychological Bulletin 80:1-24. [BC, JRP, rZP] (1978) Imagery and artificial intelligence. In: Perception and cognition: Issues in the foundations of psychology, ed. C. W. Savage. University of Minnesota Press. [aZP] (1979) Validating computational models: A critique of Anderson's indeterminacy of representation claim. Psychological Review 86(4):383-94. [rZP] (1980) Computation and cognition: Issues in the foundations of cognitive science. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 3(1):111-32. [BC, MRWD, rZP] (1981) The imagery debate: Analogue media versus tacit knowledge. Psychological Review 88:16-45. [BC, arZP] (1984) Computation and cognition: Toward a foundation for cognitive science. MIT Press. [MRWD, TVP, arZP] (1989) The role of location indexes in spatial perception: A sketch of the FINST spatial-index model. Cognition 32:65-97. [arZP] (1991) The role of cognitive architectures in theories of cognition. In: Architectures for intelligence, ed. K. VanLehn. Erlbaum. [rZP] (1994) Some primitive mechanisms of spatial attention. Cognition 50:363-84. [aZP] (1998) Visual indexes in spatial vision and imagery. In: Visual attention, ed. R. D. Wright. Oxford University Press. [rZP] (in press) Connecting vision and the word: Tracking the missing link. In: The foundations of cognitive science, ed. A. Marques, J. Branquinho & J. Saagua. Oxford University Press. [rZP]
413. Pylyshyn, Z. W. (1973) What the mind's eye tells the minds brain: A critique of mental imagery. Psychological Bulletin 80:1-24. [BC, JRP, rZP] (1978) Imagery and artificial intelligence. In: Perception and cognition: Issues in the foundations of psychology, ed. C. W. Savage. University of Minnesota Press. [aZP] (1979) Validating computational models: A critique of Anderson's indeterminacy of representation claim. Psychological Review 86(4):383-94. [rZP] (1980) Computation and cognition: Issues in the foundations of cognitive science. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 3(1):111-32. [BC, MRWD, rZP] (1981) The imagery debate: Analogue media versus tacit knowledge. Psychological Review 88:16-45. [BC, arZP] (1984) Computation and cognition: Toward a foundation for cognitive science. MIT Press. [MRWD, TVP, arZP] (1989) The role of location indexes in spatial perception: A sketch of the FINST spatial-index model. Cognition 32:65-97. [arZP] (1991) The role of cognitive architectures in theories of cognition. In: Architectures for intelligence, ed. K. VanLehn. Erlbaum. [rZP] (1994) Some primitive mechanisms of spatial attention. Cognition 50:363-84. [aZP] (1998) Visual indexes in spatial vision and imagery. In: Visual attention, ed. R. D. Wright. Oxford University Press. [rZP] (in press) Connecting vision and the word: Tracking the missing link. In: The foundations of cognitive science, ed. A. Marques, J. Branquinho & J. Saagua. Oxford University Press. [rZP]
414. Pylyshyn, Z. W. (1973) What the mind's eye tells the minds brain: A critique of mental imagery. Psychological Bulletin 80:1-24. [BC, JRP, rZP] (1978) Imagery and artificial intelligence. In: Perception and cognition: Issues in the foundations of psychology, ed. C. W. Savage. University of Minnesota Press. [aZP] (1979) Validating computational models: A critique of Anderson's indeterminacy of representation claim. Psychological Review 86(4):383-94. [rZP] (1980) Computation and cognition: Issues in the foundations of cognitive science. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 3(1):111-32. [BC, MRWD, rZP] (1981) The imagery debate: Analogue media versus tacit knowledge. Psychological Review 88:16-45. [BC, arZP] (1984) Computation and cognition: Toward a foundation for cognitive science. MIT Press. [MRWD, TVP, arZP] (1989) The role of location indexes in spatial perception: A sketch of the FINST spatial-index model. Cognition 32:65-97. [arZP] (1991) The role of cognitive architectures in theories of cognition. In: Architectures for intelligence, ed. K. VanLehn. Erlbaum. [rZP] (1994) Some primitive mechanisms of spatial attention. Cognition 50:363-84. [aZP] (1998) Visual indexes in spatial vision and imagery. In: Visual attention, ed. R. D. Wright. Oxford University Press. [rZP] (in press) Connecting vision and the word: Tracking the missing link. In: The foundations of cognitive science, ed. A. Marques, J. Branquinho & J. Saagua. Oxford University Press. [rZP]
415. Pylyshyn, Z. W. (1973) What the mind's eye tells the minds brain: A critique of mental imagery. Psychological Bulletin 80:1-24. [BC, JRP, rZP] (1978) Imagery and artificial intelligence. In: Perception and cognition: Issues in the foundations of psychology, ed. C. W. Savage. University of Minnesota Press. [aZP] (1979) Validating computational models: A critique of Anderson's indeterminacy of representation claim. Psychological Review 86(4):383-94. [rZP] (1980) Computation and cognition: Issues in the foundations of cognitive science. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 3(1):111-32. [BC, MRWD, rZP] (1981) The imagery debate: Analogue media versus tacit knowledge. Psychological Review 88:16-45. [BC, arZP] (1984) Computation and cognition: Toward a foundation for cognitive science. MIT Press. [MRWD, TVP, arZP] (1989) The role of location indexes in spatial perception: A sketch of the FINST spatial-index model. Cognition 32:65-97. [arZP] (1991) The role of cognitive architectures in theories of cognition. In: Architectures for intelligence, ed. K. VanLehn. Erlbaum. [rZP] (1994) Some primitive mechanisms of spatial attention. Cognition 50:363-84. [aZP] (1998) Visual indexes in spatial vision and imagery. In: Visual attention, ed. R. D. Wright. Oxford University Press. [rZP] (in press) Connecting vision and the word: Tracking the missing link. In: The foundations of cognitive science, ed. A. Marques, J. Branquinho & J. Saagua. Oxford University Press. [rZP]
416. Pylyshyn, Z. W. (1973) What the mind's eye tells the minds brain: A critique of mental imagery. Psychological Bulletin 80:1-24. [BC, JRP, rZP] (1978) Imagery and artificial intelligence. In: Perception and cognition: Issues in the foundations of psychology, ed. C. W. Savage. University of Minnesota Press. [aZP] (1979) Validating computational models: A critique of Anderson's indeterminacy of representation claim. Psychological Review 86(4):383-94. [rZP] (1980) Computation and cognition: Issues in the foundations of cognitive science. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 3(1):111-32. [BC, MRWD, rZP] (1981) The imagery debate: Analogue media versus tacit knowledge. Psychological Review 88:16-45. [BC, arZP] (1984) Computation and cognition: Toward a foundation for cognitive science. MIT Press. [MRWD, TVP, arZP] (1989) The role of location indexes in spatial perception: A sketch of the FINST spatial-index model. Cognition 32:65-97. [arZP] (1991) The role of cognitive architectures in theories of cognition. In: Architectures for intelligence, ed. K. VanLehn. Erlbaum. [rZP] (1994) Some primitive mechanisms of spatial attention. Cognition 50:363-84. [aZP] (1998) Visual indexes in spatial vision and imagery. In: Visual attention, ed. R. D. Wright. Oxford University Press. [rZP] (in press) Connecting vision and the word: Tracking the missing link. In: The foundations of cognitive science, ed. A. Marques, J. Branquinho & J. Saagua. Oxford University Press. [rZP]
417. Pylyshyn, Z. W. (1973) What the mind's eye tells the minds brain: A critique of mental imagery. Psychological Bulletin 80:1-24. [BC, JRP, rZP] (1978) Imagery and artificial intelligence. In: Perception and cognition: Issues in the foundations of psychology, ed. C. W. Savage. University of Minnesota Press. [aZP] (1979) Validating computational models: A critique of Anderson's indeterminacy of representation claim. Psychological Review 86(4):383-94. [rZP] (1980) Computation and cognition: Issues in the foundations of cognitive science. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 3(1):111-32. [BC, MRWD, rZP] (1981) The imagery debate: Analogue media versus tacit knowledge. Psychological Review 88:16-45. [BC, arZP] (1984) Computation and cognition: Toward a foundation for cognitive science. MIT Press. [MRWD, TVP, arZP] (1989) The role of location indexes in spatial perception: A sketch of the FINST spatial-index model. Cognition 32:65-97. [arZP] (1991) The role of cognitive architectures in theories of cognition. In: Architectures for intelligence, ed. K. VanLehn. Erlbaum. [rZP] (1994) Some primitive mechanisms of spatial attention. Cognition 50:363-84. [aZP] (1998) Visual indexes in spatial vision and imagery. In: Visual attention, ed. R. D. Wright. Oxford University Press. [rZP] (in press) Connecting vision and the word: Tracking the missing link. In: The foundations of cognitive science, ed. A. Marques, J. Branquinho & J. Saagua. Oxford University Press. [rZP]
418. Pylyshyn, Z. W. (1973) What the mind's eye tells the minds brain: A critique of mental imagery. Psychological Bulletin 80:1-24. [BC, JRP, rZP] (1978) Imagery and artificial intelligence. In: Perception and cognition: Issues in the foundations of psychology, ed. C. W. Savage. University of Minnesota Press. [aZP] (1979) Validating computational models: A critique of Anderson's indeterminacy of representation claim. Psychological Review 86(4):383-94. [rZP] (1980) Computation and cognition: Issues in the foundations of cognitive science. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 3(1):111-32. [BC, MRWD, rZP] (1981) The imagery debate: Analogue media versus tacit knowledge. Psychological Review 88:16-45. [BC, arZP] (1984) Computation and cognition: Toward a foundation for cognitive science. MIT Press. [MRWD, TVP, arZP] (1989) The role of location indexes in spatial perception: A sketch of the FINST spatial-index model. Cognition 32:65-97. [arZP] (1991) The role of cognitive architectures in theories of cognition. In: Architectures for intelligence, ed. K. VanLehn. Erlbaum. [rZP] (1994) Some primitive mechanisms of spatial attention. Cognition 50:363-84. [aZP] (1998) Visual indexes in spatial vision and imagery. In: Visual attention, ed. R. D. Wright. Oxford University Press. [rZP] (in press) Connecting vision and the word: Tracking the missing link. In: The foundations of cognitive science, ed. A. Marques, J. Branquinho & J. Saagua. Oxford University Press. [rZP]
419. Pylyshyn, Z. W. (1973) What the mind's eye tells the minds brain: A critique of mental imagery. Psychological Bulletin 80:1-24. [BC, JRP, rZP] (1978) Imagery and artificial intelligence. In: Perception and cognition: Issues in the foundations of psychology, ed. C. W. Savage. University of Minnesota Press. [aZP] (1979) Validating computational models: A critique of Anderson's indeterminacy of representation claim. Psychological Review 86(4):383-94. [rZP] (1980) Computation and cognition: Issues in the foundations of cognitive science. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 3(1):111-32. [BC, MRWD, rZP] (1981) The imagery debate: Analogue media versus tacit knowledge. Psychological Review 88:16-45. [BC, arZP] (1984) Computation and cognition: Toward a foundation for cognitive science. MIT Press. [MRWD, TVP, arZP] (1989) The role of location indexes in spatial perception: A sketch of the FINST spatial-index model. Cognition 32:65-97. [arZP] (1991) The role of cognitive architectures in theories of cognition. In: Architectures for intelligence, ed. K. VanLehn. Erlbaum. [rZP] (1994) Some primitive mechanisms of spatial attention. Cognition 50:363-84. [aZP] (1998) Visual indexes in spatial vision and imagery. In: Visual attention, ed. R. D. Wright. Oxford University Press. [rZP] (in press) Connecting vision and the word: Tracking the missing link. In: The foundations of cognitive science, ed. A. Marques, J. Branquinho & J. Saagua. Oxford University Press. [rZP]
420. Pylyshyn, Z. W. (1973) What the mind's eye tells the minds brain: A critique of mental imagery. Psychological Bulletin 80:1-24. [BC, JRP, rZP] (1978) Imagery and artificial intelligence. In: Perception and cognition: Issues in the foundations of psychology, ed. C. W. Savage. University of Minnesota Press. [aZP] (1979) Validating computational models: A critique of Anderson's indeterminacy of representation claim. Psychological Review 86(4):383-94. [rZP] (1980) Computation and cognition: Issues in the foundations of cognitive science. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 3(1):111-32. [BC, MRWD, rZP] (1981) The imagery debate: Analogue media versus tacit knowledge. Psychological Review 88:16-45. [BC, arZP] (1984) Computation and cognition: Toward a foundation for cognitive science. MIT Press. [MRWD, TVP, arZP] (1989) The role of location indexes in spatial perception: A sketch of the FINST spatial-index model. Cognition 32:65-97. [arZP] (1991) The role of cognitive architectures in theories of cognition. In: Architectures for intelligence, ed. K. VanLehn. Erlbaum. [rZP] (1994) Some primitive mechanisms of spatial attention. Cognition 50:363-84. [aZP] (1998) Visual indexes in spatial vision and imagery. In: Visual attention, ed. R. D. Wright. Oxford University Press. [rZP] (in press) Connecting vision and the word: Tracking the missing link. In: The foundations of cognitive science, ed. A. Marques, J. Branquinho & J. Saagua. Oxford University Press. [rZP]
421. Pylyshyn, Z. W. (1973) What the mind's eye tells the minds brain: A critique of mental imagery. Psychological Bulletin 80:1-24. [BC, JRP, rZP] (1978) Imagery and artificial intelligence. In: Perception and cognition: Issues in the foundations of psychology, ed. C. W. Savage. University of Minnesota Press. [aZP] (1979) Validating computational models: A critique of Anderson's indeterminacy of representation claim. Psychological Review 86(4):383-94. [rZP] (1980) Computation and cognition: Issues in the foundations of cognitive science. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 3(1):111-32. [BC, MRWD, rZP] (1981) The imagery debate: Analogue media versus tacit knowledge. Psychological Review 88:16-45. [BC, arZP] (1984) Computation and cognition: Toward a foundation for cognitive science. MIT Press. [MRWD, TVP, arZP] (1989) The role of location indexes in spatial perception: A sketch of the FINST spatial-index model. Cognition 32:65-97. [arZP] (1991) The role of cognitive architectures in theories of cognition. In: Architectures for intelligence, ed. K. VanLehn. Erlbaum. [rZP] (1994) Some primitive mechanisms of spatial attention. Cognition 50:363-84. [aZP] (1998) Visual indexes in spatial vision and imagery. In: Visual attention, ed. R. D. Wright. Oxford University Press. [rZP] (in press) Connecting vision and the word: Tracking the missing link. In: The foundations of cognitive science, ed. A. Marques, J. Branquinho & J. Saagua. Oxford University Press. [rZP]
422. Pylyshyn, Z. W. & Storm, R. W. (1988) Tracking of multiple independent targets: Evidence for a parallel tracking mechanism. Spatial Vision 3:1-19. [arZP]
423. Ramachandran, V. S. (1976) Learning-like phenomena in stereopsis. Nature 262:382-84. [aZP] (1990) Visual perception in people and machines. In: AI and the eye, ed. A. Blake & T. Troscianko. Wiley. [aZP]
424. Ramachandran, V. S. (1976) Learning-like phenomena in stereopsis. Nature 262:382-84. [aZP] (1990) Visual perception in people and machines. In: AI and the eye, ed. A. Blake & T. Troscianko. Wiley. [aZP]
425. Ramachandran, V. S. & Anstis, S. M. (1985) The perception of apparent motion. Scientific American 254:102-109. [MRWD]
426. Ramachandran, V. S. & Braddick, O. (1973) Orientation specific learning in stereopsis. Perception 2:371-76. [aZP]
427. Rayner, K., McConkie, G. W. & Zola, D. (1980) Integrating information across eye movements. Cognitive Psychology 12:206-26. [JSB]
428. Reddy, D. R. (1975) Speech recognition. Academic Press. [aZP]
429. Reicher, G. M. (1969) Perceptual recognition as a function of meaningfulness of stimulus material. Journal of Experimental Psychology 81:275-80. [AH]
430. Reingold, E. M. & Jolicoeur, P. (1993) Perceptual versus postperceptual mediation of visual context effects: Evidence from the letter-superiority effect. Perception and Psychophysics 53:166-78. [GR]
431. Reynolds, R. I. (1981) Perception of an illusory contour as a function of processing time. Perception 10:107-15. [aZP] (1985) The role of object-hypotheses in the organization of fragmented figures. Perception 14:49-52. [aZP]
432. Reynolds, R. I. (1981) Perception of an illusory contour as a function of processing time. Perception 10:107-15. [aZP] (1985) The role of object-hypotheses in the organization of fragmented figures. Perception 14:49-52. [aZP]
433. Rhodes, G., Parkin, A. J. & Tremewan, T. (1993) Semantic priming and sensitivity in lexical decision. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 19:154-65. [arZP, GR]
434. Rhodes, G. & Tremewan, T. (1993) The Simon then Garfunkel effect: Semantic priming, sensitivity, and the modularity of face recognition. Cognitive Psychology 25:147-87. [aZP, GR]
435. Richards, C. L., Mitchell, D. B. & Resnick, J. S. (1979) Mental travel: Some reservations. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 5:13-18. [BC]
436. Richards, W. (1988) Natural computation. MIT Press (A Bradford Book). [aZP]
437. Richards, W. A., Jepson, A. & Feldman, J. (1996) Priors, preferences, and categorical percepts. In: Perception as Bayesian inference, ed. D. C. Knill & W. A. Richards. Cambridge University Press. [MS]
438. Riseman, E. M. & Hanson, A. R. (1987) A methodology for the development of general knowledge-based vision systems. In: Vision, brain, and cooperative computation, ed. M. A. Arbib & A. R. Hanson. MIT Press (A Bradford Book). [aZP]
439. Roberts, L. G. (1965) Machine perception of three-dimensional solids. In: Optical and electro-optical information processing, ed. J. P. Tippett. MIT Press. [aZP]
440. Rock, I. (1983) The logic of perception. MIT Press, a Bradford Book. [JLD, CMM, aZP] (1984) Perception. Scientific American Books. Freeman. [GV] (1997) Indirect perception. MIT Press. [JLD, CMM, aZP]
441. Rock, I. (1983) The logic of perception. MIT Press, a Bradford Book. [JLD, CMM, aZP] (1984) Perception. Scientific American Books. Freeman. [GV] (1997) Indirect perception. MIT Press. [JLD, CMM, aZP]
442. Rock, I. (1983) The logic of perception. MIT Press, a Bradford Book. [JLD, CMM, aZP] (1984) Perception. Scientific American Books. Freeman. [GV] (1997) Indirect perception. MIT Press. [JLD, CMM, aZP]
443. Rock, I. & Anson, H. (1979) Illusory contours as the solution to a problem. Perception 8:655-81. [aZP]
444. Rock, I. & Smith, D. (1981) Alternative solutions to kinetic stimulus transformations. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 7:19-29. [JLD]
445. Rosch, E. H., Mervis, C. B., Gray, W. D., Johnson, D. M. & Boyes-Braem, P. (1976) Basic objects in natural categories. Cognitive Psychology 8:382-439. [arZP]
446. Rosenblatt, F. (1959) Two theorems of statistical separability in the perceptron. In: Symposium on mechanization of thought processes. Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London. [aZP]
447. Rosenfeld, A. (1987) Recognizing unexpected objects: A proposed approach. International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 1:71-84. [AR] (1989) Computer vision: A source of models for biological visual processes? IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering 36:93-96. [AR] (1990) Pyramid algorithms for finding global structures in images. Information Sciences 50:23-34. [AR]
448. Rosenfeld, A. (1987) Recognizing unexpected objects: A proposed approach. International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 1:71- 84. [AR] (1989) Computer vision: A source of models for biological visual processes? IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering 36:93-96. [AR] (1990) Pyramid algorithms for finding global structures in images. Information Sciences 50:23-34. [AR]
449. Rosenfeld, A. (1987) Recognizing unexpected objects: A proposed approach. International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 1:71- 84. [AR] (1989) Computer vision: A source of models for biological visual processes? IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering 36:93-96. [AR] (1990) Pyramid algorithms for finding global structures in images. Information Sciences 50:23-34. [AR]
450. Rosenfeld, A., Hummel, R. A. & Zucker, S. W. (1976) Scene labeling by relaxation operators. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, SMC-6:420-33. [aZP]
451. Rossetti, Y. (1998) Short-lived motor representation of space in brain-damaged and healthy subjects. Consciousness and Cognition 7:520-80. [EG] (1999) In search of immaculate perception: Evidence from motor representation of space. In: Toward a science of consciousness, ed. S. Hameroff, A. Kaszniak & A. Scott. MIT Press. [EG]
452. Rossetti, Y. (1998) Short-lived motor representation of space in brain-damaged and healthy subjects. Consciousness and Cognition 7:520-80. [EG] (1999) In search of immaculate perception: Evidence from motor representation of space. In: Toward a science of consciousness, ed. S. Hameroff, A. Kaszniak & A. Scott. MIT Press. [EG]
453. Rossetti, Y. & Procyk, E. (1997) What memory is for action: The gap between percepts and concepts. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 20:34-36. [EG]
454. Rumelhart, D. E. (1977) Human information processing. Wiley. [aZP]
455. Runeson, S. (1977) On the possibility of "smart" perceptual mechanisms. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology 18:172-79. [RW]
456. Saarinen, J. & Levi, D. (1995) Orientation anisotropy in vernier acuity. Vision Research 35:2449-61. [EG]
457. Samuel, A. G. (1981) Phonemic restoration: Insights from a new methodology. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 110:474-94. [LEK, aZP] (1996) Does lexical information influence the perceptual restoration of phonemes? Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 125:28-51. [aZP]
458. Samuel, A. G. (1981) Phonemic restoration: Insights from a new methodology. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 110:474-94. [LEK, aZP] (1996) Does lexical information influence the perceptual restoration of phonemes? Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 125:28-51. [aZP]
459. Sanocki, T. (1993) Time course of object identification: Evidence for a global-to-local contingency. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 19:878-98. [TS] (1997) Structural contingencies and shifts of object- based attention during object recognition. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 23:780-807. [TS]
460. Sanocki, T. (1993) Time course of object identification: Evidence for a global-to- local contingency. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 19:878-98. [TS] (1997) Structural contingencies and shifts of object- based attention during object recognition. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 23:780-807. [TS]
461. Sanocki, T., Bowyer, K., Heath, M. & Sarkar, S. (1998) Are edges sufficient for object recognition? Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 24:340-49. [TS]
462. Sanocki, T. & Epstein, W. (1997) Priming spatial layout of scenes. Psychological Science 8:374-78. [TS]
463. Sanocki, T. & Oden, G. C. (1984) Contextual validity and the effects of low constraint sentence contexts on lexical decisions. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 36A:145-56. [TS]
464. Sarter, M., Berntson, G. G. & Cacioppo, J. T. (1996) Brain imaging and cognitive neuroscience: Toward strong inference in attributing function to structure. American Psychologist 51:13-21. [BC]
465. Saye, A. & Frisby, J. P. (1975) The role of monocularly conspicuous features in facilitating stereopsis from random-dot stereograms. Perception 4:159-71. [aZP]
466. Schacter, D. L. (1992) Priming and multiple memory systems: Perceptual mechanisms of implicit memory. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 4:244-56. [AH]
467. Schall, J. D., Hanes, D. P., Thompson, K. G. & King, D. J. (1995) Saccade target selection in frontal eye field of macaque. I. Visual and premovement activation. Journal of Neuroscience 15:6905-18. [JB]
468. Schiller, P. H. & Lee, K. (1991) The role of the primate extrastriate area V4 in vision. Science 251:1251-53. [AGr]
469. Schmolesky, M. T., Wang, Y., Hanes, D. P., Thompson, K. G., Leutgeb, S., Schall, J. D. & Leventhal, A. G. (1998) Signal timing across the macaque visual system. Journal of Neurophysiology 79:3272-78. [JB]
470. Schweinberger, S. R. (1996) How Gorbachev primed Yeltsin: Analyses of associative priming in person recognition by means of reaction times and event-related brain potentials. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition 22:1383-407. [GR]
471. Schyns, P. G. (1998) Diagnostic recognition: Task constraints, object information and their interactions. Cognition 67:147-79. [PGS]
472. Schyns, P. G., Goldstone, R. L. & Thibaut, J.-P. (1998) The development of features in object concepts. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 21:1-54. [MRWD, aZP, PTS]
473. Schyns, P. G. & Oliva, A. (1994) From blobs to boundary edges: Evidence for time and scale dependent scene recognition. Psychological Science 5:195-200. [PGS] (1998) Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Smile: When categorization flexibly modifies the perception of faces in rapid visual presentations. Cognition (in press). [PGS]
474. Schyns, P. G. & Oliva, A. (1994) From blobs to boundary edges: Evidence for time and scale dependent scene recognition. Psychological Science 5:195-200. [PGS] (1998) Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Smile: When categorization flexibly modifies the perception of faces in rapid visual presentations. Cognition (in press). [PGS]
475. Schyns, P. G. & Rodet, L. (1997) Categorization creates functional features. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 23:681-96. [PTS]
476. Scliar-Cabral, L., Morais, J., Nepomuceno, L. & Kolinsky, R. (1997) The awareness of phonemes: So close - so far away. International Journal of Psycholinguistics 13:211-40. [RK]
477. Seidenberg, M. S. (1987) Sublexical structures in visual word recognition: Access units or orthographic redundancy? In: Attention and performance XII: The psychology of reading, ed. M. Coltheart. Erlbaum. [JSB]
478. Sekuler, A. B. & Palmer, S. E. (1992) Visual completion of partly occluded objects: A microgenetic analysis. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 121:95-111. [aZP]
479. Sekuler, R., Anstis, S., Braddick, O. J., Brandt, T., Movshon, J. A. & Orban, G. (1990) The perception of motion. In: Visual perception: The neurophysiological foundations, ed. L. Spillman & J. S. Werner. Academic Press. [MRWD]
480. Sekuler, R. & Blake, R. (1994) Perception. McGraw-Hill. [aZP]
481. Selfridge, O. (1959) Pandemonium: A paradigm for learning. Symposium on Mechanization of Thought Processes: National Physical Laboratory Symposium. Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London. [aZP]
482. Shaw, M. L. (1984) Division of attention among spatial locations: A fundamental difference between detection of letters and detection of luminance increments. In: Attention and performance, X, ed. H. Bouma & D. G. Bouwhuis. Erlbaum. [aZP]
483. Shaw, R. E. & McIntyre, M. (1974) The algoristic foundations to cognitive psychology. In: Cognition and the symbolic processes, ed. W. B. Weimer & D. S. Palermo. Erlbaum. [RW]
484. Sheinberg, D. L. & Logothetis, N. K. (1997) The role of temporal cortical areas in perceptual organization. Proceedings of the National Academy Science USA 94:3408-13. [JB]
485. Shiffrar, M. & Freyd, J. J. (1990) Apparent motion of the human body. Psychological Science 1:257-64. [KY]
486. Shih, S.-I. & Sperling, G. (1996) Is there feature-based attentional selection in visual search? Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 22:758-79. [HE]
487. Shimojo, S. & Nakayama, K. (1990a) Amodal representation of occluded surface: Role of invisible stimuli in apparent motion correspondence. Perception 19:285-99. [KY] (1990b) Real world occlusion constraints and binocular rivalry. Vision Research 30:69-80. [KY]
488. Shimojo, S. & Nakayama, K. (1990a) Amodal representation of occluded surface: Role of invisible stimuli in apparent motion correspondence. Perception 19:285-99. [KY] (1990b) Real world occlusion constraints and binocular rivalry. Vision Research 30:69-80. [KY]
489. Shimojo, S., Silverman, G. H. & Nakayama, K. (1989) Occlusion and the solution to the aperture problem for motion. Vision Research 29:619-26. [GV]
490. Shirai, Y. (1975) Analyzing intensity arrays using knowledge about scenes. In: Psychology of computer vision, ed. P. H. Winston. MIT Press. [aZP]
491. Shin, L. & Pashler, H. (1992) Improvement in line orientation discrimination is retinally local but dependent on cognitive set. Perception and Psychophysics 52:582-88. [PTS]
492. Shulman, G. L. & Wilson, J. (1987) Spatial frequency and selective attention to local and global information. Perception 16:89-101. [aZP]
493. Shulman, H. G., Hornak, R. & Sanders, E. (1978) The effects of graphemic, phonetic, and semantic relationships on access to lexical structure. Memory and Cognition 6(2):115-23. [rZP]
494. Sigman, E. & Rock, I. (1974) Stroboscopic movement based on perceptual intelligence. Perception 3:9-28. [aZP, KY]
495. Sillito, A. M., Jones, H. E., Gerstein, G. L. & West, D. C. (1994) Feature-linked synchronization of thalamic relay cell firing induced by feedback from the visual cortex. Nature 369:479-82. [aZP]
496. Simon, H. A. (1969a) The sciences of the artificial. MIT Press. [rZP] (1969b) The architecture of complexity. In: The sciences of the artificial. MIT Press. [GV]
497. Simon, H. A. (1969a) The sciences of the artificial. MIT Press. [rZP] (1969b) The architecture of complexity. In: The sciences of the artificial. MIT Press. [GV]
498. Simons, D. J. (1996) In sight, out of mind: When object representations fail. Psychological Science 7:301-305. [SE]
499. Singh, M. & Hoffman, D. D. (1998) Part boundaries alter the perception of transparency. Psychological Science 9:370-78. [MS]
500. Snodgrass, J. G. & Feenan, K. (1990) Priming effects in picture fragment completion: Support for the perceptual closure hypothesis. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 119:276-96. [aZP]
501. Snyder, L., Batista, A. & Andersen, R. A. (1997) Coding of intention in the posterior parietal cortex. Nature 386:167-70. [AGr]
502. Soloman, R. L. & Postman, L. (1952) Frequency of usage as a determinant of recognition thresholds for words. Journal of Experimental Psychology 43:195-201. [aZP]
503. Sowden, P. T. Davies, I. R. L. & Roling, P. (submitted) Perceptual learning of the detection of features in X-ray images: A functional role for the improvements in adults' visual sensitivity? Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance. [PTS]
504. Sowden, P. T. Davies, I. R. L., Rose, D. & Kaye, M. (1996) Perceptual learning of stereoacuity. Perception 25:1043-52. [PTS]
505. Spelke, E. S. (1990) Object perception. In: Readings in philosophy and cognitive science, ed. A. I. Goldman. MIT Press. [JLB]
506. Stadler, M. & Kruse, P. (1995) The function of meaning in cognitive order formation. In: Ambiguity of mind and nature: Multistable cognitive phenomena, ed. P. Kruse & M. Stadler. Springer-Verlag. [TVP]
507. Stark, L. & Ellis, S. R. (1981 ) Scanpaths revisited: Cognitive models direct active looking. In: Eye movements: Cognition and visual perception, ed. D. Fisher, R. Monty & J. Senders. Erlbaum. [aZP]
508. Starkes, J., Allard, F., Lindley, S. & O'Reilly, K. (1994) Abilities and skill in basketball. Special issue: Expert-novice differences in sport. International Journal of Sport Psychology 25:249-65. [aZP]
509. Sternberg, S. (1969) The discovery of processing stages: Extensions of Donders' method. Acta Psychologica 30:276-315. [aZP] (1998) Discovering mental processing stages: The method of additive factors. In: Methods, models, and conceptual issues, ed. D. Scarborough & S. Sternberg. MIT Press (A Bradford Book). [aZP]
510. Sternberg, S. (1969) The discovery of processing stages: Extensions of Donders' method. Acta Psychologica 30:276-315. [aZP] (1998) Discovering mental processing stages: The method of additive factors. In: Methods, models, and conceptual issues, ed. D. Scarborough & S. Sternberg. MIT Press (A Bradford Book). [aZP]
511. Stich, S. (1978) Beliefs and subdoxastic states. Philosophy of Science 45:499-518. [rZP]
512. Stoerig, P. (1996) Varieties of vision: From blind responses to conscious recognition. Trends in Neuroscience 19:401-406. [AGe]
513. Stone, G. O., Vanhow, M. & Van Orden, G. C. (1997) Perception is a
514. Stoner, G. R. & Albright, T. D. (1993) Image segmentation cues in motion processing: Implications for modularity in vision. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 5:129-49. [GV]
515. Stoner, G. R., Albright, T. D. & Ramachandran, V. S. (1990) Transparency and coherence in human motion perception. Nature 344:153-55. [GV]
516. Street, R. F. (1931) A gestalt completion text: A study of cross section of intellect. Bureau of Publications, Teachers College, Columbia University. [aZP]
517. Streri, A. (1993) Seeing, reaching, touching. The relations between vision and touch in infancy. Harvester Wheatsheaf. [EG]
518. Stroop, J. R. (1935) Studies of interference in serial verbal reactions. Journal of Experimental Psychology 18:643-62. [CL]
519. Swets, J. A. (1998) Separating discrimination and decision in detection, recognition, and matters of life and death. In: Methods, models, and conceptual issues, ed. D. Scarborough & S. Sternberg. MIT Press (A Bradford Book). [aZP]
520. Swinney, D. A. (1979) Lexical access during sentence comprehension: (Re)consideration of context effects. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior 18(6):645-59. [rZP]
521. Tanner, W. P. & Swets, J. A. (1954) A decision-making theory of human detection. Psychological Review 61:401-409. [aZP]
522. Thompson, E. (1995) Colour vision: A study in cognitive science and the philosophy of perception. Routledge.Press. [AN]
523. Thompson, E., Palacios, A. & Varela, F. J. (1992) Ways of coloring: Comparative color vision as a case study for cognitive science. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 15:1-74. [AN]
524. Thorpe, S., Fize, D. & Marlot, C. (1996) Speed of processing in the human visual system. Nature 381:520-22. [JB]
525. Tittle, J. S., Todd, J. T., Perotti, V. J. & Norman, J. F. (1995) Systematic distortion of perceived three-dimensional structure from motion and binocular stereopsis. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 21:663-78. [YA]
526. Todd, J. (1984) The perception of three-dimensional structure from rigid and nonrigid motion. Perception and Psychophysics 36:97-103. [JLD]
527. Tommasi, L. & Vallortigara, G. (1999) Figure-ground segregation modulates perceived direction of ambiguous moving gratings and plaids. Vision Research 39:777-87. [GV]
528. Treisman, A. (1985) Preattentive processing. Computer Vision Graphics Image Processing 31:156-77. [CMM] (1988) Features and objects. The fourteenth Bartlett memorial lecture. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 40A:201-37. [DJC, LEK, arZP] (1993) The perception of features and objects. In: Attention: Selection, awareness and control: A tribute to Donald Broadbent, ed. A. Baddeley & L. Weiskrantz. Clarendon Press. [S-LY]
529. Treisman, A. (1985) Preattentive processing. Computer Vision Graphics Image Processing 31:156-77. [CMM] (1988) Features and objects. The fourteenth Bartlett memorial lecture. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 40A:201-37. [DJC, LEK, arZP] (1993) The perception of features and objects. In: Attention: Selection, awareness and control: A tribute to Donald Broadbent, ed. A. Baddeley & L. Weiskrantz. Clarendon Press. [S-LY]
530. Treisman, A. (1985) Preattentive processing. Computer Vision Graphics Image Processing 31:156-77. [CMM] (1988) Features and objects. The fourteenth Bartlett memorial lecture. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 40A:201-37. [DJC, LEK, arZP] (1993) The perception of features and objects. In: Attention: Selection, awareness and control: A tribute to Donald Broadbent, ed. A. Baddeley & L. Weiskrantz. Clarendon Press. [S-LY]
531. Treisman, A. & Gormican, S. (1988) Feature analysis in early vision: Evidence from search asymmetries. Psychological Review 95:15-48. [LEK]
532. Treue, S., Andersen, R. A., Ando, H. & Hildreth, E. C. (1995) Structure-from-motion: Perceptual evidence for surface interpolation. Vision Research 35:139-48. [SE]
533. Treue, S. & Maunsell, J. H. R. (1996) Attentional modulation of visual motion processing in cortical areas MT and MST. Nature 382:539-41. [JB, JKT, S-LY]
534. Trueswell, J. C. & Hayhoe, M. M. (1993) Surface segmentation mechanisms and motion perception. Vision Research 33:313-28. [GV]
535. Tsotsos, J. K. (1990) A complexity level analysis of vision. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 13:423-55. (JKT]
536. Tsotsos, J. K., Culhane, S., Wai, W., Lai, Y., Davis, N. & Nuflo, F. (1995) Modeling visual attention via selective tuning. Artificial Intelligence 78(1-2):507-47. [JKT]
537. Turvey, M. T., Shaw, R. E., Reed, E. S. & Mace, W. M. (1981) Ecological laws of perceiving and acting: In reply to Fodor and Pylyshyn (1981). Cognition 9:237-304. [MRWD]
538. Tweedy, J. R., Lapinski, R. H. & Schvaneveldt, R. W. (1977) Semantic-context effects on word recognition: Influence of varying the proportion of items presented in an appropriate context. Memory and Cognition 5:84-89. [TS]
539. Tye, M. (1991) The imagery debate, MIT Press. [BC]
540. Ullman, S. (1976) On visual detection of light sources. Biological Cybernetics 21:205-12. [aZP] (1979) The interpretation of visual motion. MIT Press. [JLD, MRWD, aZP] (1980) Against direct perception. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 3:373-415. [MRWD] (1989) Aligning pictorial descriptions: An approach to object recognition. Cognition 32:193-254. [TS]
541. Ullman, S. (1976) On visual detection of light sources. Biological Cybernetics 21:205-12. [aZP] (1979) The interpretation of visual motion. MIT Press. [JLD, MRWD, aZP] (1980) Against direct perception. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 3:373-415. [MRWD] (1989) Aligning pictorial descriptions: An approach to object recognition. Cognition 32:193-254. [TS]
542. Ullman, S. (1976) On visual detection of light sources. Biological Cybernetics 21:205-12. [aZP] (1979) The interpretation of visual motion. MIT Press. [JLD, MRWD, aZP] (1980) Against direct perception. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 3:373-415. [MRWD] (1989) Aligning pictorial descriptions: An approach to object recognition. Cognition 32:193-254. [TS]
543. Ullman, S. (1976) On visual detection of light sources. Biological Cybernetics 21:205-12. [aZP] (1979) The interpretation of visual motion. MIT Press. [JLD, MRWD, aZP] (1980) Against direct perception. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 3:373-415. [MRWD] (1989) Aligning pictorial descriptions: An approach to object recognition. Cognition 32:193-254. [TS]
544. Ullman, S. & Richards, W. (1990) Image understanding. Ablex Publishers. [aZP]
545. Ungerleider, L. G. & Mishkin, M. (1982) Two cortical visual systems. In: Analysis of visual behavior, ed. J. Ingle, M. A. Goodale & R. J. W. Mansfield. MIT Press. [aZP]
546. Uttal, W. R. (1978) The psychobiology of mind. Erlbaum. [WRU] (1998) Toward a new behaviorism: The case against perceptual reductionism. Erlbaum. [WRU]
547. Uttal, W. R. (1978) The psychobiology of mind. Erlbaum. [WRU] (1998) Toward a new behaviorism: The case against perceptual reductionism. Erlbaum. [WRU]
548. Uttley, A. M. (1959) Conditional probability computing in the nervous system. Symposium on Mechanization of Thought Processes. Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London. [aZP]
549. Vallortigara, G. & Bressan, P. (1991) Occlusion and the perception of coherent motion. Vision Research 31:1967-78. [GV] (1994) Occlusion, transparency, and steriopsis: A new explanation for stereo capture. Vision Research 21:2891-96. [GV]
550. Vallortigara, G. & Bressan, P. (1991) Occlusion and the perception of coherent motion. Vision Research 31:1967-78. [GV] (1994) Occlusion, transparency, and steriopsis: A new explanation for stereo capture. Vision Research 21:2891-96. [GV]
551. Van Der Heijden, A. H. C. (1992) Selective attention in vision. Routledge. [AGe]
552. Van Essen, D. C. & Anderson, C. H. (1990) Information processing strategies and pathways in the primate retina and visual cortex. In: introduction to neural and electronic networks, ed. S. F. Zornetzer, J. L. Davis & C. Lau. Academic Press. [aZP]
553. Varela, F. J., Thompson, E. & Rosch, E. (1991) The embodied mind: Cognitive science and human experience. MIT Press. [AN]
554. Verhaeghe, A. & Kolinsky, R. (1992) Discriminaçõ entre figuras orientadas em esphelho em funçõ do modo de apresentaçõ em adultos escolarisados e adultos iletrados. Proceedings of the I Jornadas de Estudo dos Processos Cognitivos da Sociedade Portuguesa de Psicologia, Astoria. [RK]
555. Verleger, R. (1988) Event-related potentials and cognition: A critique of the context updating hypothesis and an alternative interpretation of P3. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 11:343-427. [aZP]
556. Vogels, R. & Orban, G. A. (1985) The effect of practice on the oblique effect in line orientation judgements. Vision Research 25:1679-97. [EG]
557. Von der Heydt, R. & Peterhans, E. (1989) Mechanisms of contour perception in monkey visual cortex. I. Lines of pattern discontinuity. Journal of Neuroscience 9:1731-48. [TVP]
558. Von der Heydt, R., Peterhans, E. & Baumgartner, G. (1984) Illusory contours and cortical neuron responses. Science 224:1260-62. [TVP]
559. Wade, N. J., ed. (1983) Brewster and Wheatstone on vision. Academic Press. [VB]
560. Wagemans, J. (1988) Modules in vision: A case study of interdisciplinary in cognitive science. Acta Psychologica 67:59-93. [MRWD]
561. Wallach, H. (1949) Some considerations concerning the relation between perception and cognition. Journal of Personality 18:6-13. [aZF]
562. Wallach, H. & O'Connell, D. N. (1953) The kinetic depth effect. Journal of Experimental Psychology 45:205-17. [aZP]
563. Warrington, E. K. (1982) Neurological studies of object recognition. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Science 298(1089):15-33. [rZP]
564. Warrington, E. K. & Taylor, A. M. (1978) Two categorical stages of object perception. Perception 7(6):695-705. [rZP]
565. Weiskrantz, L. (1995) Blindsight: Not an island unto itself. Current Directions in Psychological Science 4:146-51. [aZP]
566. Weiskrantz, L., Warrington, E., Sanders, M. D. & Marshall, J. (1974) Visual capacity in the hemianopic field following restricted occipital ablation. Brain 97:709-29. [aZP]
567. Wickens, C. D., Kramer, A. F. & Donchin, E. (1984) The event-related potential as an index of processing demands of a complex target acquisition task. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 425:295-99. [aZP]
568. Wilson, J. A. & Robinson, J. O. (1986) The impossibly-twisted Pulfrich pendulum. Perception 15:503-504. [aZP]
569. Winston, P. H. (1974) New progress in artificial intelligence. MIT Artificial Intelligence Laboratory. [aZP]
570. Wong, E. & Mack, A. (1981) Saccadic programming and perceived location. Acta Psychologia 48:123-31. [aZP]
571. Woods, W. A. (1978) Theory formation and control in a speech understanding system with extrapolations towards vision. In: Computer vision systems: Papers from the workshop on computer vision systems. Academic Press. [aZP]
572. Woodworth, R. S. (1938) Experimental psychology. Holt. [LEK]
573. Wright, R. D. & Dawson, M. R. W. (1994) To what extent do beliefs affect apparent motion? Philosophical Psychology 7:471-91. [MRWD]
574. Wright, R. D., Dawson, M. R. W. & Pylyshyn, Z. W. (1987) Spatio-temporal parameters and the three-dimensionality of apparent motion: Evidence for two types of processing. Spatial Vision 2:263-72. [MRWD]
575. Yeh, S. L., Chen, I. P., De Valois, K. K. & De Valois, R. L. (1996) Figural aftereffects and spatial attention. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 22:446-60. [S-LY]
576. Young, A. W., Newcombe, F., de Haan, E. H. F., Small, M. & Hay, D. C. (1993) Face perception after brain injury: Selective impairments affecting identity and expression. Brain 116:941-59. [VB]
577. Yu, K. (1994) Does semantic knowledge influence motion perception? Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN. [KY]
578. Zanforlin, M. (1982) Figure organization and binocular interaction. In: Organization and representation in perception, ed. J. Beck. Erlbaum. [GV]
579. Zeki, S. M. (1993) A vision of the brain. Blackwell. [YA]
580. Zucker, S. W., Rosenfelf, A. & David, L. S. (1975) General purpose models: Expectations about the unexpected Paper presented at the Fourth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Tbilisi, Georgia (former USSR). [arZP]