메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 55, Issue 8-9, 1999, Pages 1141-1163

Germline development in vertebrates and invertebrates

Author keywords

Germ plasm; Germline; Migration; Primordial germ cells; Totipotency

Indexed keywords

CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS; CELL MIGRATION; CELL PROLIFERATION; DEVELOPMENT; DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER; GAMETOGENESIS; GERM CELL; GERM LINE; INVERTEBRATE; NONHUMAN; REVIEW; VERTEBRATE; XENOPUS LAEVIS;

EID: 0032777762     PISSN: 1420682X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s000180050363     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (259)

References (230)
  • 1
    • 0016140813 scopus 로고
    • The problem of germ cell determinants
    • 1 Beams H. W. and Kessel R. G. (1974) The problem of germ cell determinants. Int. Rev. Cytol. 39: 413-479
    • (1974) Int. Rev. Cytol. , vol.39 , pp. 413-479
    • Beams, H.W.1    Kessel, R.G.2
  • 2
    • 0016589552 scopus 로고
    • Germ plasm and the differentiation of the germ cell line
    • 2 Eddy E. M. (1975) Germ plasm and the differentiation of the germ cell line. Int. Rev. Cytol. 43: 229-281
    • (1975) Int. Rev. Cytol. , vol.43 , pp. 229-281
    • Eddy, E.M.1
  • 3
    • 0016054787 scopus 로고
    • Transplantation of posterior pole plasm in Drosophila. Induction of germ cells at the anterior pole of the egg
    • 3 Illmensee K. and Mahowald A. P. (1974) Transplantation of posterior pole plasm in Drosophila. Induction of germ cells at the anterior pole of the egg. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 71: 1016-1020
    • (1974) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.71 , pp. 1016-1020
    • Illmensee, K.1    Mahowald, A.P.2
  • 4
    • 0017255902 scopus 로고
    • The ontogeny of germ plasm during oogenesis in Drosophila
    • 4 Illmensee K., Mahowald A. P. and Loomis M. R. (1976) The ontogeny of germ plasm during oogenesis in Drosophila. Dev. Biol. 49: 40-65
    • (1976) Dev. Biol. , vol.49 , pp. 40-65
    • Illmensee, K.1    Mahowald, A.P.2    Loomis, M.R.3
  • 5
    • 0029915717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulated synthesis, transport and assembly of the Drosophila germ plasm
    • 5 Rongo C. and Lehmann R. (1996) Regulated synthesis, transport and assembly of the Drosophila germ plasm. Trends Genet. 12: 102-109
    • (1996) Trends Genet. , vol.12 , pp. 102-109
    • Rongo, C.1    Lehmann, R.2
  • 6
    • 0026659735 scopus 로고
    • Induction of germ cell formation by oskar
    • 6 Ephrussi A. and Lehmann R. (1992) Induction of germ cell formation by oskar. Nature 358: 387-392
    • (1992) Nature , vol.358 , pp. 387-392
    • Ephrussi, A.1    Lehmann, R.2
  • 7
    • 0013958842 scopus 로고
    • The role of a 'germinal plasm' in the formation of primordial germ cells in Rana pipiens
    • 7 Smith L. D. (1966) The role of a 'germinal plasm' in the formation of primordial germ cells in Rana pipiens. Dev. Biol. 14: 330-347
    • (1966) Dev. Biol. , vol.14 , pp. 330-347
    • Smith, L.D.1
  • 8
    • 84986520731 scopus 로고
    • Induction of supernumerary primordial germ cells by injecting vegetal pole cytoplasm into Xenopus eggs
    • 8 Wakahara M. (1978) Induction of supernumerary primordial germ cells by injecting vegetal pole cytoplasm into Xenopus eggs. J. Exp. Zool. 203: 159-164
    • (1978) J. Exp. Zool. , vol.203 , pp. 159-164
    • Wakahara, M.1
  • 9
    • 0023806855 scopus 로고
    • Identification of a component of Drosophila polar granules
    • 9 Hay B., Ackerman L., Barbel S., Jan L. and Jan Y. N. (1988) Identification of a component of Drosophila polar granules. Development 103: 625-640
    • (1988) Development , vol.103 , pp. 625-640
    • Hay, B.1    Ackerman, L.2    Barbel, S.3    Jan, L.4    Jan, Y.N.5
  • 10
    • 0025310979 scopus 로고
    • Posterior localization of vasa protein correlates with, but is not sufficient for, pole cell development
    • 10 Lasko P. F. and Ashburner M. (1990) Posterior localization of vasa protein correlates with, but is not sufficient for, pole cell development. Genes Dev. 4: 905-921
    • (1990) Genes Dev. , vol.4 , pp. 905-921
    • Lasko, P.F.1    Ashburner, M.2
  • 11
    • 0029964750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatio-temporal distribution of the protein of Xenopus vasa homologue (Xenopus vasa-like gene 1, XVLG1) in embryos
    • 11 Ikenishi K., Tanaka T. S. and Komiya T. (1996) Spatio-temporal distribution of the protein of Xenopus vasa homologue (Xenopus vasa-like gene 1, XVLG1) in embryos. Dev. Growth Differ. 38: 527-535
    • (1996) Dev. Growth Differ. , vol.38 , pp. 527-535
    • Ikenishi, K.1    Tanaka, T.S.2    Komiya, T.3
  • 12
    • 0002829610 scopus 로고
    • The early embryology of Drosophila melanogaster
    • Demerec M. (ed.), Wiley, New York
    • 12 Sonnenblick B. P. (1950) The early embryology of Drosophila melanogaster. In: Biology of Drosophila, pp. 62-167, Demerec M. (ed.), Wiley, New York
    • (1950) Biology of Drosophila , pp. 62-167
    • Sonnenblick, B.P.1
  • 13
    • 0032967610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • RNA sorting in Drosophila oocytes and embryos
    • 13 Lasko P. (1999) RNA sorting in Drosophila oocytes and embryos. FASEB J. 13: 421-433
    • (1999) FASEB J. , vol.13 , pp. 421-433
    • Lasko, P.1
  • 14
    • 0027333319 scopus 로고
    • Pipsqueak, an early acting member of the posterior group of genes, affects vasa level and germ cell-somatic cell interaction in the developing egg chamber
    • 14 Siegel V., Jongens T. A., Jan L. Y. and Jan Y. N. (1993) pipsqueak, an early acting member of the posterior group of genes, affects vasa level and germ cell-somatic cell interaction in the developing egg chamber. Development 119: 1187-1202
    • (1993) Development , vol.119 , pp. 1187-1202
    • Siegel, V.1    Jongens, T.A.2    Jan, L.Y.3    Jan, Y.N.4
  • 15
    • 0025878660 scopus 로고
    • Nanos is the localized posterior determinant in Drosophila
    • 15 Wang C. and Lehmann R. (1991) Nanos is the localized posterior determinant in Drosophila. Cell 66: 637-647
    • (1991) Cell , vol.66 , pp. 637-647
    • Wang, C.1    Lehmann, R.2
  • 16
    • 0025814789 scopus 로고
    • Oskar mRNA is localized to the posterior pole of the Drosophila oocyte
    • 16 Kim-Ha J., Smith J. L. and Macdonald P. M. (1991) oskar mRNA is localized to the posterior pole of the Drosophila oocyte. Cell 66: 23-35
    • (1991) Cell , vol.66 , pp. 23-35
    • Kim-Ha, J.1    Smith, J.L.2    Macdonald, P.M.3
  • 17
    • 0025826161 scopus 로고
    • Oskar organizes the germ plasm and directs localization of the posterior determinant nanos
    • 17 Ephrussi A., Dickinson L. K. and Lehmann R. (1991) oskar organizes the germ plasm and directs localization of the posterior determinant nanos. Cell 66: 37-50
    • (1991) Cell , vol.66 , pp. 37-50
    • Ephrussi, A.1    Dickinson, L.K.2    Lehmann, R.3
  • 18
    • 0025885105 scopus 로고
    • Staufen, a gene required to localize maternal RNAs in the Drosophila egg
    • 18 St Johnston D., Beuchle D. and Nüsslein-Volhard C. (1991) staufen, a gene required to localize maternal RNAs in the Drosophila egg. Cell 66: 51-63
    • (1991) Cell , vol.66 , pp. 51-63
    • St Johnston, D.1    Beuchle, D.2    Nüsslein-Volhard, C.3
  • 19
    • 0029077877 scopus 로고
    • Mislocalization of oskar product in the anterior pole results in ectopic localization of mitochondrial large ribosomal RNA in Drosophila embryos
    • 19 Kobayashi S., Amikura R., Nakamura A., Saito H. and Okada M. (1995) Mislocalization of oskar product in the anterior pole results in ectopic localization of mitochondrial large ribosomal RNA in Drosophila embryos. Dev. Biol. 169: 384-386
    • (1995) Dev. Biol. , vol.169 , pp. 384-386
    • Kobayashi, S.1    Amikura, R.2    Nakamura, A.3    Saito, H.4    Okada, M.5
  • 20
    • 0027275175 scopus 로고
    • Distribution of tudor protein in the Drosophila embryo suggests separation of functions based on sites of localization
    • 20 Bardsley A., McDonald K. and Boswell R. E. (1993) Distribution of tudor protein in the Drosophila embryo suggests separation of functions based on sites of localization. Development 119: 207-219
    • (1993) Development , vol.119 , pp. 207-219
    • Bardsley, A.1    McDonald, K.2    Boswell, R.E.3
  • 21
    • 0028354293 scopus 로고
    • The mago nashi locus encodes an essential product required for germ plasm assembly in Drosophila
    • 21 Newmark P. A. and Boswell R. E. (1994) The mago nashi locus encodes an essential product required for germ plasm assembly in Drosophila. Development 120: 1303-1313
    • (1994) Development , vol.120 , pp. 1303-1313
    • Newmark, P.A.1    Boswell, R.E.2
  • 22
    • 0027264593 scopus 로고
    • A central role for microtubules in the differentiation of Drosophila oocytes
    • 22 Theurkauf W. E., Alberts B. M., Jan Y. N. and Jongens T. A. (1993) A central role for microtubules in the differentiation of Drosophila oocytes. Development 118: 1169-1180
    • (1993) Development , vol.118 , pp. 1169-1180
    • Theurkauf, W.E.1    Alberts, B.M.2    Jan, Y.N.3    Jongens, T.A.4
  • 23
    • 0028798670 scopus 로고
    • Microtubules are a general component of mRNA localization systems in Drosophila oocytes
    • 23 Pokrywka N. J. and Stephenson E. C. (1995) Microtubules are a general component of mRNA localization systems in Drosophila oocytes. Dev. Biol. 167: 363-370
    • (1995) Dev. Biol. , vol.167 , pp. 363-370
    • Pokrywka, N.J.1    Stephenson, E.C.2
  • 24
    • 0028144963 scopus 로고
    • Drosophila cytoplasmic dynein, a microtubule motor that is asymmetrically localized in the oocyte
    • 24 Li M., McGrail M., Serr M. and Hays T. S. (1994) Drosophila cytoplasmic dynein, a microtubule motor that is asymmetrically localized in the oocyte. J. Cell Biol. 126: 1475-1494
    • (1994) J. Cell Biol. , vol.126 , pp. 1475-1494
    • Li, M.1    McGrail, M.2    Serr, M.3    Hays, T.S.4
  • 25
    • 0028406293 scopus 로고
    • Transient posterior localization of a kinesin fusion protein reflects anteroposterior polarity of the Drosophila oocyte
    • 25 Clark I., Giniger E., Ruohola-Baker H., Jan L. Y. and Jan Y. N. (1994) Transient posterior localization of a kinesin fusion protein reflects anteroposterior polarity of the Drosophila oocyte. Curr. Biol. 4: 289-300
    • (1994) Curr. Biol. , vol.4 , pp. 289-300
    • Clark, I.1    Giniger, E.2    Ruohola-Baker, H.3    Jan, L.Y.4    Jan, Y.N.5
  • 26
    • 0027945945 scopus 로고
    • Premature microtubule-dependent cytoplasmic streaming in cappuccino and spire mutant oocytes
    • 26 Theurkauf W. E. (1994) Premature microtubule-dependent cytoplasmic streaming in cappuccino and spire mutant oocytes. Science 265: 2093-2096
    • (1994) Science , vol.265 , pp. 2093-2096
    • Theurkauf, W.E.1
  • 27
    • 0028973402 scopus 로고
    • Cappuccino, a Drosophila maternal effect gene required for polarity of the egg and embryo, is related to the vertebrate limb deformity locus
    • 27 Emmons S., Phan H., Calley J., Chen W., James B. and Manseau L. (1995) cappuccino, a Drosophila maternal effect gene required for polarity of the egg and embryo, is related to the vertebrate limb deformity locus. Genes Dev. 9: 2482-2494
    • (1995) Genes Dev. , vol.9 , pp. 2482-2494
    • Emmons, S.1    Phan, H.2    Calley, J.3    Chen, W.4    James, B.5    Manseau, L.6
  • 28
    • 0029151640 scopus 로고
    • Requirement for Drosophila cytoplasmic tropomyosin in oskar mRNA localization
    • 28 Erdelyi M., Michon A. M., Guichet A., Glotzer J. B. and Ephrussi A. (1995) Requirement for Drosophila cytoplasmic tropomyosin in oskar mRNA localization. Nature 377: 524-527
    • (1995) Nature , vol.377 , pp. 524-527
    • Erdelyi, M.1    Michon, A.M.2    Guichet, A.3    Glotzer, J.B.4    Ephrussi, A.5
  • 29
    • 0030036816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Profilin is required for posterior patterning of the Drosophila oocyte
    • 29 Manseau L., Calley J. and Phan H. (1996) Profilin is required for posterior patterning of the Drosophila oocyte. Development 122: 2109-2116
    • (1996) Development , vol.122 , pp. 2109-2116
    • Manseau, L.1    Calley, J.2    Phan, H.3
  • 30
    • 0031040498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reciprocal localization of Nod and kinesin fusion proteins indicates microtubule polarity in the Drosophila oocyte, epithelium, neuron and muscle
    • 30 Clark I. E., Jan L. Y. and Jan Y. N. (1997) Reciprocal localization of Nod and kinesin fusion proteins indicates microtubule polarity in the Drosophila oocyte, epithelium, neuron and muscle. Development 124: 461-470
    • (1997) Development , vol.124 , pp. 461-470
    • Clark, I.E.1    Jan, L.Y.2    Jan, Y.N.3
  • 31
    • 0031149332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytoplasmic flows localize injected oskar RNA in Drosophila oocytes
    • 31 Glotzer J. B., Saffrich R., Glotzer M. and Ephrussi A. (1997) Cytoplasmic flows localize injected oskar RNA in Drosophila oocytes. Curr. Biol. 7: 326-337
    • (1997) Curr. Biol. , vol.7 , pp. 326-337
    • Glotzer, J.B.1    Saffrich, R.2    Glotzer, M.3    Ephrussi, A.4
  • 32
    • 0022555403 scopus 로고
    • The role of microfilaments in cytoplasmic streaming in Drosophila follicles
    • 32 Gutzeit H. O. (1986) The role of microfilaments in cytoplasmic streaming in Drosophila follicles. J. Cell Sci. 80: 159-169
    • (1986) J. Cell Sci. , vol.80 , pp. 159-169
    • Gutzeit, H.O.1
  • 33
    • 0028863317 scopus 로고
    • Translational control of oskar generates short OSK, the isoform that induces pole plasm assembly
    • 33 Markussen F. H., Michon A, M., Breitwieser W. and Ephrussi A. (1995) Translational control of oskar generates short OSK, the isoform that induces pole plasm assembly. Development 121: 3723-3732
    • (1995) Development , vol.121 , pp. 3723-3732
    • Markussen, F.H.1    Michon, A.M.2    Breitwieser, W.3    Ephrussi, A.4
  • 34
    • 0029085434 scopus 로고
    • Localization of oskar RNA regulates oskar translation and requires oskar protein
    • 34 Rongo C., Gavis E. R. and Lehmann R. (1995) Localization of oskar RNA regulates oskar translation and requires Oskar protein. Development 121: 2737-2746
    • (1995) Development , vol.121 , pp. 2737-2746
    • Rongo, C.1    Gavis, E.R.2    Lehmann, R.3
  • 36
    • 0029028583 scopus 로고
    • Translational regulation of oskar mRNA by bruno, an ovarian RNA-binding protein, is essential
    • 36 Kim-Ha J., Kerr K. and Macdonald P. M. (1995) Translational regulation of oskar mRNA by bruno, an ovarian RNA-binding protein, is essential. Cell 81: 403-412
    • (1995) Cell , vol.81 , pp. 403-412
    • Kim-Ha, J.1    Kerr, K.2    Macdonald, P.M.3
  • 37
    • 0030808440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Translational repressor bruno plays multiple roles in development and is widely conserved
    • 37 Webster P. J., Liang L., Berg C. A., Lasko P. and Macdonald P. M. (1997) Translational repressor bruno plays multiple roles in development and is widely conserved. Genes Dev. 11: 2510-2521
    • (1997) Genes Dev. , vol.11 , pp. 2510-2521
    • Webster, P.J.1    Liang, L.2    Berg, C.A.3    Lasko, P.4    Macdonald, P.M.5
  • 38
    • 2642633741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Localization-dependent translation requires a functional interaction between the 5′ and 3′ ends or oskar mRNA
    • 38 Gunkel N., Yano T., Markussen F. H., Olsen L. C. and Ephrussi A. (1998) Localization-dependent translation requires a functional interaction between the 5′ and 3′ ends or oskar mRNA. Genes Dev. 12: 1652-1664
    • (1998) Genes Dev. , vol.12 , pp. 1652-1664
    • Gunkel, N.1    Yano, T.2    Markussen, F.H.3    Olsen, L.C.4    Ephrussi, A.5
  • 39
    • 0031877789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Premature translation of oskar in oocytes lacking the RNA-binding protein Bicaudal-C
    • 39 Saffman E. E., Styhler S., Rother K., Li W., Richard S. and Lasko P. (1998) Premature translation of oskar in oocytes lacking the RNA-binding protein Bicaudal-C. Mol. Cell. Biol. 18: 4855-4862
    • (1998) Mol. Cell. Biol. , vol.18 , pp. 4855-4862
    • Saffman, E.E.1    Styhler, S.2    Rother, K.3    Li, W.4    Richard, S.5    Lasko, P.6
  • 40
    • 0029980987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aubergine enhances oskar translation in the Drosophila ovary
    • 40 Wilson J. E., Connell J. E. and Macdonald P. M. (1996) aubergine enhances oskar translation in the Drosophila ovary. Development 122: 1631-1639
    • (1996) Development , vol.122 , pp. 1631-1639
    • Wilson, J.E.1    Connell, J.E.2    Macdonald, P.M.3
  • 41
    • 0031462473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficient translation and phosphorylation of oskar require oskar protein and the RNA helicase vasa
    • 41 Markussen F. H., Breitwieser W. and Ephrussi A. (1997) Efficient translation and phosphorylation of Oskar require Oskar protein and the RNA helicase Vasa. Cold Spring Harb. Symp. Quant. Biol. 62: 13-17
    • (1997) Cold Spring Harb. Symp. Quant. Biol. , vol.62 , pp. 13-17
    • Markussen, F.H.1    Breitwieser, W.2    Ephrussi, A.3
  • 42
    • 0028341733 scopus 로고
    • Translational regulation of nanos by RNA localization
    • 42 Gavis E. R. and Lehmann R. (1994) Translational regulation of nanos by RNA localization. Nature 369: 315-318
    • (1994) Nature , vol.369 , pp. 315-318
    • Gavis, E.R.1    Lehmann, R.2
  • 43
    • 0029961342 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The nanos gradient in Drosophila embryos is generated by translational regulation
    • 43 Dahanukar A. and Wharton R. P. (1996) The Nanos gradient in Drosophila embryos is generated by translational regulation. Genes Dev. 10: 2610-2620
    • (1996) Genes Dev. , vol.10 , pp. 2610-2620
    • Dahanukar, A.1    Wharton, R.P.2
  • 44
    • 0029793587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A conserved 90 nucleotide element mediates translational repression of nanos RNA
    • 44 Gavis E. R., Lunsford L., Bergsten S. E. and Lehmann R. (1996) A conserved 90 nucleotide element mediates translational repression of nanos RNA. Development 122: 2791-2800
    • (1996) Development , vol.122 , pp. 2791-2800
    • Gavis, E.R.1    Lunsford, L.2    Bergsten, S.E.3    Lehmann, R.4
  • 45
    • 0029936348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of cis-acting sequences that control nanos RNA localization
    • 45 Gavis E. R., Curtis D. and Lehmann R. (1996) Identification of cis-acting sequences that control nanos RNA localization. Dev. Biol. 176: 36-50
    • (1996) Dev. Biol. , vol.176 , pp. 36-50
    • Gavis, E.R.1    Curtis, D.2    Lehmann, R.3
  • 46
    • 0029958353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smaug protein represses translation of unlocalized nanos mRNA in the Drosophila embryo
    • 46 Smibert C. A., Wilson J. E., Kerr K. and Macdonald P. M. (1996) smaug protein represses translation of unlocalized nanos mRNA in the Drosophila embryo. Genes Dev. 10: 2600-2609
    • (1996) Genes Dev. , vol.10 , pp. 2600-2609
    • Smibert, C.A.1    Wilson, J.E.2    Kerr, K.3    Macdonald, P.M.4
  • 47
    • 0024537378 scopus 로고
    • The Drosophila posterior-group gene nanos functions by repressing hunchback activity
    • 47 Irish V., Lehmann R. and Akam M. (1989) The Drosophila posterior-group gene nanos functions by repressing hunchback activity. Nature 338: 646-648
    • (1989) Nature , vol.338 , pp. 646-648
    • Irish, V.1    Lehmann, R.2    Akam, M.3
  • 48
    • 0024520581 scopus 로고
    • Posterior segmentation of the Drosophila embryo in the absence of a maternal posterior organizer gene
    • 48 Hülskamp M., Schröder C., Pfeifle C., Jäckle H. and Tautz D. (1989) Posterior segmentation of the Drosophila embryo in the absence of a maternal posterior organizer gene. Nature 338: 629-632
    • (1989) Nature , vol.338 , pp. 629-632
    • Hülskamp, M.1    Schröder, C.2    Pfeifle, C.3    Jäckle, H.4    Tautz, D.5
  • 49
    • 0024504623 scopus 로고
    • Differing strategies for organizing anterior and posterior body pattern in Drosophila embryos
    • 49 Struhl G. (1989) Differing strategies for organizing anterior and posterior body pattern in Drosophila embryos. Nature 338: 741-744
    • (1989) Nature , vol.338 , pp. 741-744
    • Struhl, G.1
  • 50
    • 0027070939 scopus 로고
    • Pumilio is essential for function but not for distribution of the Drosophila abdominal determinant nanos
    • 50 Barker D. D., Wang C., Moore J., Dickinson L. K. and Lehmann R. (1992) Pumilio is essential for function but not for distribution of the Drosophila abdominal determinant Nanos. Genes Dev. 6: 2312-2326
    • (1992) Genes Dev. , vol.6 , pp. 2312-2326
    • Barker, D.D.1    Wang, C.2    Moore, J.3    Dickinson, L.K.4    Lehmann, R.5
  • 51
    • 0028987223 scopus 로고
    • Binding of pumilio to maternal hunchback mRNA is required for posterior patterning in Drosophila embryos
    • 51 Murata Y. and Wharton R. P. (1995) Binding of Pumilio to maternal hunchback mRNA is required for posterior patterning in Drosophila embryos. Cell 80: 747-756
    • (1995) Cell , vol.80 , pp. 747-756
    • Murata, Y.1    Wharton, R.P.2
  • 52
    • 0030757678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nanos and pumilio establish embryonic polarity in Drosophila by promoting posterior deadenylation of hunchback mRNA
    • 52 Wreden C., Verrotti A. C., Schisa J. A., Lieberfarb M. E. and Strickland S. (1997) Nanos and pumilio establish embryonic polarity in Drosophila by promoting posterior deadenylation of hunchback mRNA. Development 124: 3015-3023
    • (1997) Development , vol.124 , pp. 3015-3023
    • Wreden, C.1    Verrotti, A.C.2    Schisa, J.A.3    Lieberfarb, M.E.4    Strickland, S.5
  • 53
    • 0026708178 scopus 로고
    • Transient translational silencing by reversible mRNA deadenylation
    • 53 Huarte J., Stutz A., O'Connell M. L., Gubler P., Belin D., Darrow A. L. et al. (1992) Transient translational silencing by reversible mRNA deadenylation. Cell 69: 1021-1030
    • (1992) Cell , vol.69 , pp. 1021-1030
    • Huarte, J.1    Stutz, A.2    O'Connell, M.L.3    Gubler, P.4    Belin, D.5    Darrow, A.L.6
  • 54
    • 0028483210 scopus 로고
    • Unmasking the role of the 3′ UTR in the cytoplasmic polyadenylation and translational regulation of maternal mRNAs
    • 54 Wormington M. (1994) Unmasking the role of the 3′ UTR in the cytoplasmic polyadenylation and translational regulation of maternal mRNAs. Bioessays 16: 533-535
    • (1994) Bioessays , vol.16 , pp. 533-535
    • Wormington, M.1
  • 55
    • 0030799124 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The 36-kilodalton embryonic-type cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding protein in Xenopus laevis is ElrA, a member of the ELAV family of RNA-binding proteins
    • 55 Wu L., Good P. J. and Richter J. D. (1997) The 36-kilodalton embryonic-type cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding protein in Xenopus laevis is ElrA, a member of the ELAV family of RNA-binding proteins. Mol. Cell. Biol. 17: 6402-6409
    • (1997) Mol. Cell. Biol. , vol.17 , pp. 6402-6409
    • Wu, L.1    Good, P.J.2    Richter, J.D.3
  • 56
    • 0023772979 scopus 로고
    • The product of the Drosophila gene vasa is very similar to eukaryotic initiation factor-4A
    • 56 Lasko P. F. and Ashburner M. (1988) The product of the Drosophila gene vasa is very similar to eukaryotic initiation factor-4A. Nature 335: 611-617
    • (1988) Nature , vol.335 , pp. 611-617
    • Lasko, P.F.1    Ashburner, M.2
  • 57
    • 0030659576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A sponge-like structure involved in the association and transport of maternal products during Drosophila oogenesis
    • 57 Wilsch-Brauninger M., Schwarz H. and Nüsslein-Volhard C. (1997) A sponge-like structure involved in the association and transport of maternal products during Drosophila oogenesis. J. Cell Biol. 139: 817-829
    • (1997) J. Cell Biol. , vol.139 , pp. 817-829
    • Wilsch-Brauninger, M.1    Schwarz, H.2    Nüsslein-Volhard, C.3
  • 58
    • 0025347719 scopus 로고
    • Localization of vasa, a component of Drosophila polar granules, in maternal-effect mutants that alter embryonic anteroposterior polarity
    • 58 Hay B., Jan L. Y. und Jan Y. N. (1990) Localization of vasa, a component of Drosophila polar granules, in maternal-effect mutants that alter embryonic anteroposterior polarity. Development 109: 425-433
    • (1990) Development , vol.109 , pp. 425-433
    • Hay, B.1    Jan, L.Y.2    Jan, Y.N.3
  • 59
    • 0029810188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oskar protein interaction with vasa represents an essential step in polar granule assembly
    • 59 Breitwieser W., Markussen F. H., Horstmann H. and Ephrussi A. (1996) Oskar protein interaction with Vasa represents an essential step in polar granule assembly. Genes Dev. 10: 2179-2188
    • (1996) Genes Dev. , vol.10 , pp. 2179-2188
    • Breitwieser, W.1    Markussen, F.H.2    Horstmann, H.3    Ephrussi, A.4
  • 60
    • 0024291349 scopus 로고
    • A protein component of Drosophila polar granules is encoded by vasa and has extensive sequence similarity to ATP-dependent helicases
    • 60 Hay B., Jan L. Y. and Jan Y. N. (1988) A protein component of Drosophila polar granules is encoded by vasa and has extensive sequence similarity to ATP-dependent helicases. Cell 55: 577-587
    • (1988) Cell , vol.55 , pp. 577-587
    • Hay, B.1    Jan, L.Y.2    Jan, Y.N.3
  • 61
    • 0028222187 scopus 로고
    • Localization of vasa protein to the Drosophila pole plasm is independent of its RNA-binding and helicase activities
    • 61 Liang L., Diehl-Jones W. and Lasko P. (1994) Localization of vasa protein to the Drosophila pole plasm is independent of its RNA-binding and helicase activities. Development 120: 1201-1211
    • (1994) Development , vol.120 , pp. 1201-1211
    • Liang, L.1    Diehl-Jones, W.2    Lasko, P.3
  • 62
    • 0031804321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vasa is required for GURKEN accumulation in the oocyte, and is involved in oocyte differentiation and germline cyst development
    • 62 Styhler S., Nakamura A., Swan A., Suter B. and Lasko P. (1998) vasa is required for GURKEN accumulation in the oocyte, and is involved in oocyte differentiation and germline cyst development. Development 125: 1569-1578
    • (1998) Development , vol.125 , pp. 1569-1578
    • Styhler, S.1    Nakamura, A.2    Swan, A.3    Suter, B.4    Lasko, P.5
  • 63
    • 0031832688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oocyte polarity depends on regulation of gurken by vasa
    • 63 Tomancak P., Guichet A., Zavorsky P. and Ephrussi A. (1998) Oocyte polarity depends on regulation of gurken by Vasa. Development 125: 1723-1732
    • (1998) Development , vol.125 , pp. 1723-1732
    • Tomancak, P.1    Guichet, A.2    Zavorsky, P.3    Ephrussi, A.4
  • 64
    • 0032125780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Requirement for the vasa RNA helicase in gurken mRNA localization
    • 64 Tinker R., Silver D. and Montell D. J. (1998) Requirement for the vasa RNA helicase in gurken mRNA localization. Dev. Biol. 199: 1-10
    • (1998) Dev. Biol. , vol.199 , pp. 1-10
    • Tinker, R.1    Silver, D.2    Montell, D.J.3
  • 65
    • 0028007087 scopus 로고
    • Isolation of a DEAD-family protein gene that encodes a murine homolog of Drosophila vasa and its specific expression in germ cell lineage
    • 65 Fujiwara Y., Komiya T., Kawabata H., Sato M., Fujimoto H., Furusawa M. et al. (1994) Isolation of a DEAD-family protein gene that encodes a murine homolog of Drosophila vasa and its specific expression in germ cell lineage. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91: 12258-12262
    • (1994) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.91 , pp. 12258-12262
    • Fujiwara, Y.1    Komiya, T.2    Kawabata, H.3    Sato, M.4    Fujimoto, H.5    Furusawa, M.6
  • 66
    • 0030462460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple potential germ-line helicases are components of the germ-line-specific P granules of Caenorhabditis elegans
    • 66 Gruidl M. E., Smith P. A., Kuznicki K. A., McCrone J. S., Kirchner J., Roussell D. L. et al. (1996) Multiple potential germ-line helicases are components of the germ-line-specific P granules of Caenorhabditis elegans. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93: 13837-13842
    • (1996) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.93 , pp. 13837-13842
    • Gruidl, M.E.1    Smith, P.A.2    Kuznicki, K.A.3    McCrone, J.S.4    Kirchner, J.5    Roussell, D.L.6
  • 67
    • 0030885902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Involvement of the protein of Xenopus vasa homolog (Xenopus vasa-like gene I, XVI.GI) in the differentiation of primordial germ cells
    • 67 Ikenishi K, and Tanaka T. S. (1997) Involvement of the protein of Xenopus vasa homolog (Xenopus vasa-like gene I, XVI.GI) in the differentiation of primordial germ cells. Dev. Growth Differ. 39: 625-633
    • (1997) Dev. Growth Differ. , vol.39 , pp. 625-633
    • Ikenishi, K.1    Tanaka, T.S.2
  • 68
    • 0028869515 scopus 로고
    • Patterns of localization and cytoskeletal association of two vegetally localized RNAs, Vg1 and Xcat-2
    • 68 Forristall C., Pondel M., Chen L. and King M. L. (1995) Patterns of localization and cytoskeletal association of two vegetally localized RNAs, Vg1 and Xcat-2. Development 121: 201-208
    • (1995) Development , vol.121 , pp. 201-208
    • Forristall, C.1    Pondel, M.2    Chen, L.3    King, M.L.4
  • 69
    • 0024832150 scopus 로고
    • Restoration of pole-cell-forming ability to uv-irradiated Drosophila embryos by injection of mitochondrial IrRNA
    • 69 Kobayashi S. and Okada M. (1989) Restoration of pole-cell-forming ability to uv-irradiated Drosophila embryos by injection of mitochondrial IrRNA. Development 107: 733-742
    • (1989) Development , vol.107 , pp. 733-742
    • Kobayashi, S.1    Okada, M.2
  • 70
    • 0032530444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Essential role of mitochondrially encoded large rRNA for germ-line formation in Drosophila embryos
    • 70 Iida T. and Kobayashi S. (1998) Essential role of mitochondrially encoded large rRNA for germ-line formation in Drosophila embryos. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95: 11274-11278
    • (1998) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.95 , pp. 11274-11278
    • Iida, T.1    Kobayashi, S.2
  • 71
    • 0028040423 scopus 로고
    • Localization of mitochondrial large rRNA in germinal granules and the consequent segregation of germline
    • 71 Kobayashi S., Amikura R. and Okada M. (1994) Localization of mitochondrial large rRNA in germinal granules and the consequent segregation of germline. Int. J. Dev. Biol. 38: 193-199
    • (1994) Int. J. Dev. Biol. , vol.38 , pp. 193-199
    • Kobayashi, S.1    Amikura, R.2    Okada, M.3
  • 72
    • 0032497621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Localization of mitochondrial large ribosomal RNA in germ plasm of Xenopus embryos
    • 72 Kobayashi S., Amikura R. and Mukai M. (1998) Localization of mitochondrial large ribosomal RNA in germ plasm of Xenopus embryos. Curr. Biol. 8: 1117-1120
    • (1998) Curr. Biol. , vol.8 , pp. 1117-1120
    • Kobayashi, S.1    Amikura, R.2    Mukai, M.3
  • 73
    • 0026775180 scopus 로고
    • The germ cell-less gene product: A posteriorly localized component necessary for germ cell development in Drosophila
    • 73 Jongens T. A., Hay B., Jan L. Y. and Jan Y. N. (1992) The germ cell-less gene product: a posteriorly localized component necessary for germ cell development in Drosophila. Cell 70: 569-584
    • (1992) Cell , vol.70 , pp. 569-584
    • Jongens, T.A.1    Hay, B.2    Jan, L.Y.3    Jan, Y.N.4
  • 74
    • 0028071622 scopus 로고
    • Germ cell-less encodes a cell type-specific nuclear pore-associated protein and functions early in the germ-cell specification pathway of Drosophila
    • 74 Jongens T. A., Ackerman L. D., Swedlow J. R., Jan L. Y. and Jan Y. N. (1994) Germ cell-less encodes a cell type-specific nuclear pore-associated protein and functions early in the germ-cell specification pathway of Drosophila. Genes Dev. 8: 2123-2136
    • (1994) Genes Dev. , vol.8 , pp. 2123-2136
    • Jongens, T.A.1    Ackerman, L.D.2    Swedlow, J.R.3    Jan, L.Y.4    Jan, Y.N.5
  • 76
    • 0001692568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developmental genetics of the germline
    • Riddle D. L., Blumenthal T., Meyer B. J. and Priess J. R. (eds), Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
    • 76 Schedl T. (1997) Developmental genetics of the germline. In: C. elegans II, pp. 241-269, Riddle D. L., Blumenthal T., Meyer B. J. and Priess J. R. (eds), Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
    • (1997) C. Elegans , vol.2 , pp. 241-269
    • Schedl, T.1
  • 77
    • 0009656730 scopus 로고
    • Immunofluorescence visualization of germ-line-specific cytoplasmic granules in embryos, larvae, and adults of Caenorhabditis elegans
    • 77 Strome S, and Wood W. B. (1982) Immunofluorescence visualization of germ-line-specific cytoplasmic granules in embryos, larvae, and adults of Caenorhabditis elegans. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 79: 1558-1562
    • (1982) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.79 , pp. 1558-1562
    • Strome, S.1    Wood, W.B.2
  • 78
    • 0021064382 scopus 로고
    • Generation of asymmetry and segregation of germ-line granules in early C. elegans embryos
    • 78 Strome S. and Wood W. B. (1983) Generation of asymmetry and segregation of germ-line granules in early C. elegans embryos. Cell 35: 15-25
    • (1983) Cell , vol.35 , pp. 15-25
    • Strome, S.1    Wood, W.B.2
  • 79
    • 0029880495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Segregation of germ granules in living Caenorhabditis elegans embryos: Cell-type-speeific mechanisms for cytoplasmic localisation
    • 79 Hird S. N., Paulsen J. E. and Strome S. (1996) Segregation of germ granules in living Caenorhabditis elegans embryos: cell-type-speeific mechanisms for cytoplasmic localisation. Development 122: 1303-1312
    • (1996) Development , vol.122 , pp. 1303-1312
    • Hird, S.N.1    Paulsen, J.E.2    Strome, S.3
  • 80
    • 0025129162 scopus 로고
    • Brief cytochalasin-induced disruption of microfilaments during a critical interval in 1-cell C. elegans embryos alters the partitioning of developmental instructions to the 2-cell embryo
    • 80 Hill D. P. and Strome S. (1990) Brief cytochalasin-induced disruption of microfilaments during a critical interval in 1-cell C. elegans embryos alters the partitioning of developmental instructions to the 2-cell embryo. Development 108: 159-172
    • (1990) Development , vol.108 , pp. 159-172
    • Hill, D.P.1    Strome, S.2
  • 81
    • 0030071321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cleavage plane specification in C. elegans: How to divide the spoils
    • 81 White J. and Strome S. (1996) Cleavage plane specification in C. elegans: how to divide the spoils. Cell 84: 195-198
    • (1996) Cell , vol.84 , pp. 195-198
    • White, J.1    Strome, S.2
  • 82
    • 0029123099 scopus 로고
    • Transformation of the germline into muscle in mes-1 mutant embryos of C. elegans
    • 82 Strome S., Martin P., Schierenberg E. and Paulsen J. (1995) Transformation of the germline into muscle in mes-1 mutant embryos of C. elegans. Development 121: 2961-2972
    • (1995) Development , vol.121 , pp. 2961-2972
    • Strome, S.1    Martin, P.2    Schierenberg, E.3    Paulsen, J.4
  • 83
    • 0024284814 scopus 로고
    • Identification of genes required for cytoplasmic localization in early C. elegans embryos
    • 83 Kemphues K. J., Priess J. R., Morton D. G. and Cheng N. S. (1988) Identification of genes required for cytoplasmic localization in early C. elegans embryos. Cell 52: 311-320
    • (1988) Cell , vol.52 , pp. 311-320
    • Kemphues, K.J.1    Priess, J.R.2    Morton, D.G.3    Cheng, N.S.4
  • 84
    • 0029850113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Par-6, a gene involved in the establishment of asymmetry in early C. elegans embryos, mediates the asymmetric localization of PAR-3
    • 84 Watts J. L., Etemad-Moghadam B., Guo S., Boyd L., Draper B. W., Mello C. et al. (1996) par-6, a gene involved in the establishment of asymmetry in early C. elegans embryos, mediates the asymmetric localization of PAR-3. Development 122: 3133-3140
    • (1996) Development , vol.122 , pp. 3133-3140
    • Watts, J.L.1    Etemad-Moghadam, B.2    Guo, S.3    Boyd, L.4    Draper, B.W.5    Mello, C.6
  • 85
    • 0029024475 scopus 로고
    • Par-1, a gene required for establishing polarity in C. elegans embryos, encodes a putative Ser/Thr kinase that is asymmetrically distributed
    • 85 Guo S. and Kemphues K. J. (1995) par-1, a gene required for establishing polarity in C. elegans embryos, encodes a putative Ser/Thr kinase that is asymmetrically distributed. Cell 81: 611-620
    • (1995) Cell , vol.81 , pp. 611-620
    • Guo, S.1    Kemphues, K.J.2
  • 86
    • 0028843736 scopus 로고
    • Asymmetrically distributed PAR-3 protein contributes to cell polarity and spindle alignment in early C. elegans embryos
    • 86 Etemad-Moghadam B., Guo S. and Kemphues K. J. (1995) Asymmetrically distributed PAR-3 protein contributes to cell polarity and spindle alignment in early C. elegans embryos. Cell 83: 743-752
    • (1995) Cell , vol.83 , pp. 743-752
    • Etemad-Moghadam, B.1    Guo, S.2    Kemphues, K.J.3
  • 87
    • 10344236460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PAR-2 is asymmetrically distributed and promotes association of P granules and PAR-1 with the cortex in C. elegans embryos
    • 87 Boyd L., Guo S., Levitan D., Stinchcomb D. T. and Kemphues K. J. (1996) PAR-2 is asymmetrically distributed and promotes association of P granules and PAR-1 with the cortex in C. elegans embryos. Development 122: 3075-3084
    • (1996) Development , vol.122 , pp. 3075-3084
    • Boyd, L.1    Guo, S.2    Levitan, D.3    Stinchcomb, D.T.4    Kemphues, K.J.5
  • 88
    • 0030780536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The maternal par genes and the segregation of cell fate specification activities in early Caenorhabditis elegans embryos
    • 88 Bowerman B., Ingram M. K. and Hunter C. P. (1997) The maternal par genes and the segregation of cell fate specification activities in early Caenorhabditis elegans embryos. Development 124: 3815-3826
    • (1997) Development , vol.124 , pp. 3815-3826
    • Bowerman, B.1    Ingram, M.K.2    Hunter, C.P.3
  • 89
    • 0029836212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A non-muscle myosin required For embryonic polarity in Caenorhabditis elegans
    • 89 Guo S. and Kemphues K. J. (1996) A non-muscle myosin required For embryonic polarity in Caenorhabditis elegans. Nature 382: 455-458
    • (1996) Nature , vol.382 , pp. 455-458
    • Guo, S.1    Kemphues, K.J.2
  • 90
    • 0028114328 scopus 로고
    • Soma-germline asymmetry in the distributions of embryonic RNAs in Caenorhabditis elegans
    • 90 Seydoux G. and Fire A. (1994) Soma-germline asymmetry in the distributions of embryonic RNAs in Caenorhabditis elegans. Development 120: 2823-2834
    • (1994) Development , vol.120 , pp. 2823-2834
    • Seydoux, G.1    Fire, A.2
  • 91
    • 0027436510 scopus 로고
    • glh-1, a germ-line putative RNA helicase from Caenorhabditis, has four zinc fingers
    • 91 Roussell D. L. and Bennett K. L. (1993) glh-1, a germ-line putative RNA helicase from Caenorhabditis, has four zinc fingers. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90: 9300-9304
    • (1993) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.90 , pp. 9300-9304
    • Roussell, D.L.1    Bennett, K.L.2
  • 92
    • 0032483543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PGL-1, a predicted RNA-binding component of germ granules, is essential for fertility in C. elegans
    • 92 Kawasaki I., Shim Y-H., Kirchner J., Kaminker J., Wood W. B. and Strome S. (1998) PGL-1, a predicted RNA-binding component of germ granules, is essential for fertility in C. elegans. Cell 94: 635-645
    • (1998) Cell , vol.94 , pp. 635-645
    • Kawasaki, I.1    Shim, Y.-H.2    Kirchner, J.3    Kaminker, J.4    Wood, W.B.5    Strome, S.6
  • 93
    • 0029815260 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The PIE-1 protein and germline specification in C. elegans embryos
    • 93 Mello C. C., Schubert C., Draper B., Zhang W., Lobel R. and Priess J. R. (1996) The PIE-1 protein and germline specification in C. elegans embryos. Nature 382: 710-712
    • (1996) Nature , vol.382 , pp. 710-712
    • Mello, C.C.1    Schubert, C.2    Draper, B.3    Zhang, W.4    Lobel, R.5    Priess, J.R.6
  • 94
    • 0026651316 scopus 로고
    • The pie-1 and mex-1 genes and maternal control of blastomere identity in early C. elegans embryos
    • 94 Mello C. C., Draper B. W., Krause M., Weintraub H. and Priess J. R. (1992) The pie-1 and mex-1 genes and maternal control of blastomere identity in early C. elegans embryos. Cell 70: 163-176
    • (1992) Cell , vol.70 , pp. 163-176
    • Mello, C.C.1    Draper, B.W.2    Krause, M.3    Weintraub, H.4    Priess, J.R.5
  • 95
    • 0029670718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mex-1 and the general partitioning of cell fate in the early C. elegans embryo
    • 95 Schnabel R., Weigner C., Hutter H., Feichtinger R. and Schnabel H. (1996) mex-1 and the general partitioning of cell fate in the early C. elegans embryo. Mech. Dev. 54: 133-147
    • (1996) Mech. Dev. , vol.54 , pp. 133-147
    • Schnabel, R.1    Weigner, C.2    Hutter, H.3    Feichtinger, R.4    Schnabel, H.5
  • 96
    • 0031056262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The C. elegans MEX-1 protein is present in germline blastomeres and is a P granule component
    • 96 Guedes S. and Priess J. R. (1997) The C. elegans MEX-1 protein is present in germline blastomeres and is a P granule component. Development 124: 731-739
    • (1997) Development , vol.124 , pp. 731-739
    • Guedes, S.1    Priess, J.R.2
  • 97
    • 0032922940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pos-I encodes a cytoplasmic zinc-finger protein essential for germline specification in C. elegans
    • 97 Tabara H., Hill R. J., Mello C. C., Priess J. R. and Kohara Y. (1998) pos-I encodes a cytoplasmic zinc-finger protein essential for germline specification in C. elegans. Development 126: 1-11
    • (1998) Development , vol.126 , pp. 1-11
    • Tabara, H.1    Hill, R.J.2    Mello, C.C.3    Priess, J.R.4    Kohara, Y.5
  • 98
    • 0030592578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MEX-3 is a KH domain protein that regulates blastomere identity in early C. elegans embryos
    • 98 Draper B. W., Mello C. C., Bowerman B., Hardin J. and Priess J. R. (1996) MEX-3 is a KH domain protein that regulates blastomere identity in early C. elegans embryos. Cell 87: 205-216
    • (1996) Cell , vol.87 , pp. 205-216
    • Draper, B.W.1    Mello, C.C.2    Bowerman, B.3    Hardin, J.4    Priess, J.R.5
  • 99
    • 0029030017 scopus 로고
    • Localized Bicaudal-C RNA encodes a protein containing a KH domain, the RNA binding motif of FMR1
    • 99 Mahone M., Saffman E. E. and Lasko P. F. (1995) Localized Bicaudal-C RNA encodes a protein containing a KH domain, the RNA binding motif of FMR1. EMBO J. 14: 2043-2055
    • (1995) EMBO J. , vol.14 , pp. 2043-2055
    • Mahone, M.1    Saffman, E.E.2    Lasko, P.F.3
  • 100
    • 0015292069 scopus 로고
    • Oogenesis in Xenopus laevis (Daudin). I. Stages of oocyte development in laboratory maintained animals
    • 100 Dumont J. N. (1972) Oogenesis in Xenopus laevis (Daudin). I. Stages of oocyte development in laboratory maintained animals. J. Morphol. 136: 153-180
    • (1972) J. Morphol. , vol.136 , pp. 153-180
    • Dumont, J.N.1
  • 101
    • 0018653921 scopus 로고
    • Recent advances in the morphology, cytochemistry, and function of the Balbiani's vitelline body in animal oocytes
    • 101 Guraya S. S. (1979) Recent advances in the morphology, cytochemistry, and function of the Balbiani's vitelline body in animal oocytes. Int. Rev. Cytol. 59: 249-321
    • (1979) Int. Rev. Cytol. , vol.59 , pp. 249-321
    • Guraya, S.S.1
  • 102
    • 0021130162 scopus 로고
    • The mitochondrial cloud of Xenopus oocytes: The source of germinal granule material
    • 102 Heasman J., Quarmby J. and Wylie C. C. (1984) The mitochondrial cloud of Xenopus oocytes: the source of germinal granule material. Dev. Biol. 105: 458-469
    • (1984) Dev. Biol. , vol.105 , pp. 458-469
    • Heasman, J.1    Quarmby, J.2    Wylie, C.C.3
  • 103
    • 0027300783 scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of germ plasm localization and its inhibition by ultraviolet irradiation in early cleavage Xenopus embryos
    • 103 Savage R. M. and Danilchik M. V. (1993) Dynamics of germ plasm localization and its inhibition by ultraviolet irradiation in early cleavage Xenopus embryos. Dev. Biol. 157: 371-382
    • (1993) Dev. Biol. , vol.157 , pp. 371-382
    • Savage, R.M.1    Danilchik, M.V.2
  • 104
    • 0016426094 scopus 로고
    • Quantitative studies of germ plasm and germ cells during early embryogenesis of Xenopus laevis
    • 104 Whitington P. M. and Dixon K. E. (1975) Quantitative studies of germ plasm and germ cells during early embryogenesis of Xenopus laevis. J. Embryol. Exp. Morphol. 33: 57-74
    • (1975) J. Embryol. Exp. Morphol. , vol.33 , pp. 57-74
    • Whitington, P.M.1    Dixon, K.E.2
  • 105
    • 0022373730 scopus 로고
    • Primordial germ cells of Xenopus laevis are not irreversibly determined early in development
    • 105 Wylie C. C., Heasman J., Snape A., O'Driscoll M. and Holwill S. (1985) Primordial germ cells of Xenopus laevis are not irreversibly determined early in development. Dev. Biol. 112: 66-72
    • (1985) Dev. Biol. , vol.112 , pp. 66-72
    • Wylie, C.C.1    Heasman, J.2    Snape, A.3    O'Driscoll, M.4    Holwill, S.5
  • 106
    • 0022839320 scopus 로고
    • Direct evidence for the presence of germ cell determinant in vegetal pole cytoplasm of Xenopus laevis and in a subcellular fraction of it
    • 106 Ikenishi K., Nakazato S. and Okuda T. (1986) Direct evidence for the presence of germ cell determinant in vegetal pole cytoplasm of Xenopus laevis and in a subcellular fraction of it. Dev. Growth Differ. 28: 563-568
    • (1986) Dev. Growth Differ. , vol.28 , pp. 563-568
    • Ikenishi, K.1    Nakazato, S.2    Okuda, T.3
  • 107
    • 0027404691 scopus 로고
    • A mRNA localized to the vegetal cortex of Xenopus oocytes encodes a protein with a nanos-like zinc finger domain
    • 107 Mosquera L., Forristall C., Zhou Y. and King M. L. (1993) A mRNA localized to the vegetal cortex of Xenopus oocytes encodes a protein with a nanos-like zinc finger domain. Development 117: 377-386
    • (1993) Development , vol.117 , pp. 377-386
    • Mosquera, L.1    Forristall, C.2    Zhou, Y.3    King, M.L.4
  • 108
    • 0027729599 scopus 로고
    • Translocation of repetitive RNA sequences with the germ plasm in Xenopus oocytes
    • 108 Kloc M., Spohr G. and Etkin L. D. (1993) Translocation of repetitive RNA sequences with the germ plasm in Xenopus oocytes. Science 262: 1712-1714
    • (1993) Science , vol.262 , pp. 1712-1714
    • Kloc, M.1    Spohr, G.2    Etkin, L.D.3
  • 109
    • 0028215164 scopus 로고
    • Isolation and characterization of a novel gene of the DEAD box protein family which is specifically expressed in germ cells of Xenopus laevis
    • 109 Komiya T., Itoh K., Ikenishi K. and Furusawa M. (1994) Isolation and characterization of a novel gene of the DEAD box protein family which is specifically expressed in germ cells of Xenopus laevis. Dev. Biol. 162: 354-363
    • (1994) Dev. Biol. , vol.162 , pp. 354-363
    • Komiya, T.1    Itoh, K.2    Ikenishi, K.3    Furusawa, M.4
  • 110
    • 0032077638 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Xpat, a gene expressed specifically in germ plasm and primordial germ cells of Xenopus laevis
    • 110 Hudson C. and Woodland H. R. (1998) Xpat, a gene expressed specifically in germ plasm and primordial germ cells of Xenopus laevis. Mech. Dev. 73: 159-168
    • (1998) Mech. Dev. , vol.73 , pp. 159-168
    • Hudson, C.1    Woodland, H.R.2
  • 111
    • 0027141413 scopus 로고
    • Isolated vegetal cortex from Xenopus oocytes selectively retains localized mRNAs
    • 111 Elinson R. P., King M. L. and Forristall C. (1993) Isolated vegetal cortex from Xenopus oocytes selectively retains localized mRNAs. Dev. Biol. 160: 554-562
    • (1993) Dev. Biol. , vol.160 , pp. 554-562
    • Elinson, R.P.1    King, M.L.2    Forristall, C.3
  • 112
    • 0027519478 scopus 로고
    • Xlwnt-11: A maternally expressed Xenopus wnt gene
    • 112 Ku M. and Melton D. A. (1993) Xlwnt-11: a maternally expressed Xenopus wnt gene. Development 119: 1161-1173
    • (1993) Development , vol.119 , pp. 1161-1173
    • Ku, M.1    Melton, D.A.2
  • 113
    • 0032124460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contribution of METRO pathway localized molecules to the organization of the germ cell lineage
    • 113 Kloc M., Larabell C., Chan A. P.-Y. and Etkin L. D. (1998) Contribution of METRO pathway localized molecules to the organization of the germ cell lineage. Mech. Dev. 75: 81-93
    • (1998) Mech. Dev. , vol.75 , pp. 81-93
    • Kloc, M.1    Larabell, C.2    Chan, A.P.-Y.3    Etkin, L.D.4
  • 114
    • 0027978876 scopus 로고
    • Delocalization of Vg1 mRNA from the vegetal cortex in Xenopus oocytes after destruction of Xlsirt RNA
    • 114 Kloc M. and Etkin L. D. (1994) Delocalization of Vg1 mRNA from the vegetal cortex in Xenopus oocytes after destruction of Xlsirt RNA. Science 265: 1101-1103
    • (1994) Science , vol.265 , pp. 1101-1103
    • Kloc, M.1    Etkin, L.D.2
  • 115
    • 0030461398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Requirement for a noncoding RNA in Drosophila polar granules for germ cell establishment
    • 115 Nakamura A., Amikura R., Mukai M., Kobayashi S. and Lasko P. F. (1996) Requirement for a noncoding RNA in Drosophila polar granules for germ cell establishment. Science 274: 2075-2079
    • (1996) Science , vol.274 , pp. 2075-2079
    • Nakamura, A.1    Amikura, R.2    Mukai, M.3    Kobayashi, S.4    Lasko, P.F.5
  • 116
    • 0028963383 scopus 로고
    • Two distinct pathways for the localization of RNAs at the vegetal cortex in Xenopus oocytes
    • 116 Kloc M. and Etkin L. D. (1995) Two distinct pathways for the localization of RNAs at the vegetal cortex in Xenopus oocytes. Development 121: 287-297
    • (1995) Development , vol.121 , pp. 287-297
    • Kloc, M.1    Etkin, L.D.2
  • 117
    • 0030602010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elaboration of the messenger transport organizer pathway for localization of RNA to the vegetal cortex of Xenopus oocytes
    • 117 Kloc M., Larabell C. and Etkin L. D. (1996) Elaboration of the messenger transport organizer pathway for localization of RNA to the vegetal cortex of Xenopus oocytes. Dev. Biol. 180: 119-130
    • (1996) Dev. Biol. , vol.180 , pp. 119-130
    • Kloc, M.1    Larabell, C.2    Etkin, L.D.3
  • 118
    • 0030606271 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A kinesin-like protein is required for germ plasm aggregation in Xenopus
    • 118 Robb D. L., Heasman J., Raats J. and Wylie C. (1996) A kinesin-like protein is required for germ plasm aggregation in Xenopus. Cell 87: 823-831
    • (1996) Cell , vol.87 , pp. 823-831
    • Robb, D.L.1    Heasman, J.2    Raats, J.3    Wylie, C.4
  • 119
    • 0031959898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Apparent continuity between the messenger transport organizer and late RNA localization pathways during oogenesis in Xenopus
    • 119 Kloc M. and Etkin L. D. (1998) Apparent continuity between the messenger transport organizer and late RNA localization pathways during oogenesis in Xenopus. Mech. Dev. 73: 95-106
    • (1998) Mech. Dev. , vol.73 , pp. 95-106
    • Kloc, M.1    Etkin, L.D.2
  • 120
    • 0025128938 scopus 로고
    • A two-step model for the localization of maternal mRNA in Xenopus oocytes: Involvement of microtubules and microfilaments in the translocation and anchoring of Vg1 mRNA
    • 120 Yisraeli J. K., Sokol S. and Melton D. A. (1990) A two-step model for the localization of maternal mRNA in Xenopus oocytes: involvement of microtubules and microfilaments in the translocation and anchoring of Vg1 mRNA. Development 108: 289-298
    • (1990) Development , vol.108 , pp. 289-298
    • Yisraeli, J.K.1    Sokol, S.2    Melton, D.A.3
  • 121
    • 0032555692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of maternal VegT in establishing the primary germlayers in Xenopus embryos
    • 121 Zhang J., Houston D. W., King M. L., Payne C., Wylie C. and Heasman J. (1998) The role of maternal VegT in establishing the primary germlayers in Xenopus embryos. Cell 94: 515-524
    • (1998) Cell , vol.94 , pp. 515-524
    • Zhang, J.1    Houston, D.W.2    King, M.L.3    Payne, C.4    Wylie, C.5    Heasman, J.6
  • 122
    • 0030579189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • RNA transport to the vegetal cortex of Xenopus oocytes
    • 122 Zhou Y. and King M. L. (1996) RNA transport to the vegetal cortex of Xenopus oocytes. Dev. Biol. 179: 173-183
    • (1996) Dev. Biol. , vol.179 , pp. 173-183
    • Zhou, Y.1    King, M.L.2
  • 123
    • 0029813914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Localization of Xcal-2 RNA, a putative germ plasm component, to the mitochondrial cloud in Xenopus stage I oocytes
    • 123 Zhou Y. and King M. L. (1996) Localization of Xcal-2 RNA, a putative germ plasm component, to the mitochondrial cloud in Xenopus stage I oocytes. Development 122: 2947-2953
    • (1996) Development , vol.122 , pp. 2947-2953
    • Zhou, Y.1    King, M.L.2
  • 124
    • 0031149814 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The primordial germ cells of mammals: Some current perspectives
    • 124 Buehr M. (1997) The primordial germ cells of mammals: some current perspectives. Exp. Cell Res. 232: 194-207
    • (1997) Exp. Cell Res. , vol.232 , pp. 194-207
    • Buehr, M.1
  • 125
    • 0028724198 scopus 로고
    • Clonal analysis of the origin of primordial germ cells in the mouse
    • 125 Lawson K. A. and Hage W. J. (1994) Clonal analysis of the origin of primordial germ cells in the mouse. Ciba Found. Symp. 182: 68-84
    • (1994) Ciba Found. Symp. , vol.182 , pp. 68-84
    • Lawson, K.A.1    Hage, W.J.2
  • 126
    • 0030601343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The allocation of epiblast cells to ectodermal and germ-line lineages is influenced by the position of the cells in the gastrulating mouse embryo
    • 126 Tam P. P. and Zhou S. X. (1996) The allocation of epiblast cells to ectodermal and germ-line lineages is influenced by the position of the cells in the gastrulating mouse embryo. Dev. Biol. 178: 124-132
    • (1996) Dev. Biol. , vol.178 , pp. 124-132
    • Tam, P.P.1    Zhou, S.X.2
  • 127
    • 0001047032 scopus 로고
    • Gene-induced embryological modifications of primordial germ cells in the mouse
    • 127 Mintz B. and Russell E. S. (1957) Gene-induced embryological modifications of primordial germ cells in the mouse. J. Exp. Zool. 134: 207-230
    • (1957) J. Exp. Zool. , vol.134 , pp. 207-230
    • Mintz, B.1    Russell, E.S.2
  • 128
    • 0025147087 scopus 로고
    • Primordial germ cells in the mouse embryo during gastrulation
    • 128 Ginsburg M., Snow M. H. L. and McLaren A. (1990) Primordial germ cells in the mouse embryo during gastrulation. Development 110: 521-528
    • (1990) Development , vol.110 , pp. 521-528
    • Ginsburg, M.1    Snow, M.H.L.2    McLaren, A.3
  • 129
    • 0029865895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Germline regulatory element of Oct-4 specific for the totipotent cycle of embryonal cells
    • 129 Yeom Y. I., Fuhrmann G., Ovitt C. E., Brehm A., Ohbo K., Gross M. et al. (1996) Germline regulatory element of Oct-4 specific for the totipotent cycle of embryonal cells. Development 122: 881-894
    • (1996) Development , vol.122 , pp. 881-894
    • Yeom, Y.I.1    Fuhrmann, G.2    Ovitt, C.E.3    Brehm, A.4    Ohbo, K.5    Gross, M.6
  • 130
    • 0017225157 scopus 로고
    • Autoradiographic study of protein and RNA formation during early development of Drosophila eggs
    • 130 Zalokar M. (1976) Autoradiographic study of protein and RNA formation during early development of Drosophila eggs. Dev. Biol. 49: 425-437
    • (1976) Dev. Biol. , vol.49 , pp. 425-437
    • Zalokar, M.1
  • 131
    • 0017159662 scopus 로고
    • Increase in nuclear poly(A)-containing RNA at syncytial blastoderm in Drosophila melanogaster embryos
    • 131 Lamb M. M. and Laird C. D. (1976) Increase in nuclear poly(A)-containing RNA at syncytial blastoderm in Drosophila melanogaster embryos. Dev. Biol. 54: 31-42
    • (1976) Dev. Biol. , vol.54 , pp. 31-42
    • Lamb, M.M.1    Laird, C.D.2
  • 132
    • 0029809725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Repression of gene expression in the embryonic germ lineage of C. elegans
    • 132 Seydoux G., Mello C. C., Pettitt J., Wood W. B., Priess J. R. and Fire A. (1996) Repression of gene expression in the embryonic germ lineage of C. elegans. Nature 382: 713-716
    • (1996) Nature , vol.382 , pp. 713-716
    • Seydoux, G.1    Mello, C.C.2    Pettitt, J.3    Wood, W.B.4    Priess, J.R.5    Fire, A.6
  • 133
    • 0030790516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcriptionally repressed germ cells lack a subpopulation of phosphorylated RNA polymerase II in early embryos of Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster
    • 133 Seydoux G. and Dunn M. A. (1997) Transcriptionally repressed germ cells lack a subpopulation of phosphorylated RNA polymerase II in early embryos of Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster. Development 124: 2191-2201
    • (1997) Development , vol.124 , pp. 2191-2201
    • Seydoux, G.1    Dunn, M.A.2
  • 135
    • 0032510041 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of zygotic gene expression in Drosophila primordial germ cells
    • 135 Van Doren M., Williamson A. L. and Lehmann R. (1998) Regulation of zygotic gene expression in Drosophila primordial germ cells. Curr. Biol. 8: 243-246
    • (1998) Curr. Biol. , vol.8 , pp. 243-246
    • Van Doren, M.1    Williamson, A.L.2    Lehmann, R.3
  • 136
    • 0029991202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Essential role of the posterior morphogen nanos for germline development in Drosophila
    • 136 Kobayashi S., Yamada M., Asaoka M. and Kitamura T. (1996) Essential role of the posterior morphogen nanos for germline development in Drosophila. Nature 380: 708-711
    • (1996) Nature , vol.380 , pp. 708-711
    • Kobayashi, S.1    Yamada, M.2    Asaoka, M.3    Kitamura, T.4
  • 137
    • 0032529361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic requirements for PIE-1 localization and inhibition of gene expression in the embryonic germ lineage of Caenorhabditis elegans
    • 137 Tenenhaus C., Schubert C. and Seydoux G. (1998) Genetic requirements for PIE-1 localization and inhibition of gene expression in the embryonic germ lineage of Caenorhabditis elegans. Dev. Biol. 200: 212-224
    • (1998) Dev. Biol. , vol.200 , pp. 212-224
    • Tenenhaus, C.1    Schubert, C.2    Seydoux, G.3
  • 138
    • 0025291459 scopus 로고
    • Oct-4: A germline-specific transcription factor mapping to the mouse t-complex
    • 138 Schöler H. R., Dressler G. R., Balling R., Rohdewohld H. and Gruss P. (1990) Oct-4: a germline-specific transcription factor mapping to the mouse t-complex. EMBO J. 9: 2185-2195
    • (1990) EMBO J. , vol.9 , pp. 2185-2195
    • Schöler, H.R.1    Dressler, G.R.2    Balling, R.3    Rohdewohld, H.4    Gruss, P.5
  • 139
    • 0032582513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Formation of pluripotent stem cells in the mammalian embryo depends on the POU transcription factor Oct4
    • 139 Nichols J., Zevnik B., Anastassiadis K., Niwa H., Klewe-Nebenius D., Chambers I. et al. (1998) Formation of pluripotent stem cells in the mammalian embryo depends on the POU transcription factor Oct4. Cell 95: 379-391
    • (1998) Cell , vol.95 , pp. 379-391
    • Nichols, J.1    Zevnik, B.2    Anastassiadis, K.3    Niwa, H.4    Klewe-Nebenius, D.5    Chambers, I.6
  • 140
    • 0030006923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Silencing of the gene for the beta subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin by the embryonic transcription factor Oct-3/4
    • 140 Liu L. and Roberts R. M. (1996) Silencing of the gene for the beta subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin by the embryonic transcription factor Oct-3/4. J. Biol. Chem. 271: 16683-16689
    • (1996) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.271 , pp. 16683-16689
    • Liu, L.1    Roberts, R.M.2
  • 141
    • 0032008045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential expression of the Oct-4 transcription factor during mouse germ cell differentiation
    • 141 Pesce M., Wang X., Wolgemuth D. J. and Schöler H. (1998) Differential expression of the Oct-4 transcription factor during mouse germ cell differentiation. Mech. Dev. 71: 89-98
    • (1998) Mech. Dev. , vol.71 , pp. 89-98
    • Pesce, M.1    Wang, X.2    Wolgemuth, D.J.3    Schöler, H.4
  • 142
    • 0032170283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In line with our ancestors: Oct-4 and the mammalian germ
    • 142 Pesce M., Gross M. K. and Schöler H. R. (1998) In line with our ancestors: Oct-4 and the mammalian germ. Bioessays 20: 722-732
    • (1998) Bioessays , vol.20 , pp. 722-732
    • Pesce, M.1    Gross, M.K.2    Schöler, H.R.3
  • 143
    • 0030903160 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distinct requirements for somatic and germline expression of a generally expressed Caenorhabditis elegans gene
    • 143 Kelly W. G., Xu S.-Q., Montgomery M. K. and Fire A. (1997) Distinct requirements for somatic and germline expression of a generally expressed Caenorhabditis elegans gene. Genetics 146: 227-238
    • (1997) Genetics , vol.146 , pp. 227-238
    • Kelly, W.G.1    Xu, S.-Q.2    Montgomery, M.K.3    Fire, A.4
  • 144
    • 0031926583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chromatin silencing and the maintenance of a functional germline in Caenorhabditis elegans
    • 144 Kelly W. G. and Fire A. (1998) Chromatin silencing and the maintenance of a functional germline in Caenorhabditis elegans: Development 125: 2451-2456
    • (1998) Development , vol.125 , pp. 2451-2456
    • Kelly, W.G.1    Fire, A.2
  • 145
    • 0026351137 scopus 로고
    • Identification of grandchildless loci whose products are required for normal germ-line development in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans
    • 145 Capowski E. E., Martin P., Garvin C. and Strome S. (1991) Identification of grandchildless loci whose products are required for normal germ-line development in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Genetics 129: 1061-1072
    • (1991) Genetics , vol.129 , pp. 1061-1072
    • Capowski, E.E.1    Martin, P.2    Garvin, C.3    Strome, S.4
  • 146
    • 0028822421 scopus 로고
    • Phenotypic and molecular analysis of mes-3, a maternal-effect gene required for proliferation and viability of the germline in C. elegans
    • 146 Paulson J. E., Capowski E. E. and Strome S. (1995) Phenotypic and molecular analysis of mes-3, a maternal-effect gene required for proliferation and viability of the germline in C. elegans. Genetics 141: 1383-1398
    • (1995) Genetics , vol.141 , pp. 1383-1398
    • Paulson, J.E.1    Capowski, E.E.2    Strome, S.3
  • 147
    • 0031906169 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The phenotype of mes-2, mes-3, mes-4, and mes-6, maternal-effect genes required for the survival of the germline in Caenorhabditis elegans, is sensitive to chromosome dosage
    • 147 Garvin C., Holdeman R. and Strome S. (1998) The phenotype of mes-2, mes-3, mes-4, and mes-6, maternal-effect genes required for the survival of the germline in Caenorhabditis elegans, is sensitive to chromosome dosage. Genetics 148: 167-185
    • (1998) Genetics , vol.148 , pp. 167-185
    • Garvin, C.1    Holdeman, R.2    Strome, S.3
  • 148
    • 0031903190 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MES-2, a maternal protein essential for viability of the germline in Caenorhabditis elegant, is homologous to a Drosophila polycomb group protein
    • 148 Holdeman R., Nehrt S. and Strome S. (1998) MES-2, a maternal protein essential for viability of the germline in Caenorhabditis elegant, is homologous to a Drosophila Polycomb group protein. Development 125: 2457-2467
    • (1998) Development , vol.125 , pp. 2457-2467
    • Holdeman, R.1    Nehrt, S.2    Strome, S.3
  • 149
    • 0031878315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The polycomb group in Caenorhabditis elegans and maternal control of germline development
    • 149 Korf I., Fan Y. and Strome S. (1998) The Polycomb group in Caenorhabditis elegans and maternal control of germline development. Development 125: 2469-2478
    • (1998) Development , vol.125 , pp. 2469-2478
    • Korf, I.1    Fan, Y.2    Strome, S.3
  • 150
    • 0031000434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PcG complexes and chromatin silencing
    • 150 Pirrotta V. (1997) PcG complexes and chromatin silencing. Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev. 7: 249-258
    • (1997) Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev. , vol.7 , pp. 249-258
    • Pirrotta, V.1
  • 151
    • 0025219039 scopus 로고
    • Mutations in polycombeotic, a Drosophila polycomb group gene, cause a wide range of maternal and zygotic phenotypes
    • 151 Phillips M. D. and Shearn A. (1990) Mutations in polycombeotic, a Drosophila polycomb group gene, cause a wide range of maternal and zygotic phenotypes. Genetics 125: 91-101
    • (1990) Genetics , vol.125 , pp. 91-101
    • Phillips, M.D.1    Shearn, A.2
  • 152
    • 0030298416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The vagaries of variegating transgenes
    • 152 Martin D. I. K. and Whitelaw E. (1996) The vagaries of variegating transgenes. Bioessays 18: 919-923
    • (1996) Bioessays , vol.18 , pp. 919-923
    • Martin, D.I.K.1    Whitelaw, E.2
  • 153
    • 0026740497 scopus 로고
    • Developmental pattern of gene-specific DNA methylation in the mouse embryo and germ line
    • 153 Kafri T., Ariel M., Brandeis M., Shemer R., Urven L., McCarrey J. et al. (1992) Developmental pattern of gene-specific DNA methylation in the mouse embryo and germ line. Genes Dev. 6: 705-714
    • (1992) Genes Dev. , vol.6 , pp. 705-714
    • Kafri, T.1    Ariel, M.2    Brandeis, M.3    Shemer, R.4    Urven, L.5    McCarrey, J.6
  • 154
    • 0027518346 scopus 로고
    • Extinction of Oct-3/4 gene expression in embryonal carcinoma × fibroblast somatic cell hybrids is accompanied by changes in the methylation status, chromatin structure and transcriptional activity of the Oct-3/4 upstream region
    • 154 Ben-Shushan E., Pikarsky E., Klar A. and Bergman Y. (1993) Extinction of Oct-3/4 gene expression in embryonal carcinoma × fibroblast somatic cell hybrids is accompanied by changes in the methylation status, chromatin structure and transcriptional activity of the Oct-3/4 upstream region. Mol. Cell. Biol. 13: 891-901
    • (1993) Mol. Cell. Biol. , vol.13 , pp. 891-901
    • Ben-Shushan, E.1    Pikarsky, E.2    Klar, A.3    Bergman, Y.4
  • 155
    • 0030059509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retinoic acid-mediated down-regulation of Oct3/4 coincides with the loss of promoter occupancy in vivo
    • 155 Minucci S., Botquin V., Yeom Y. I., Dey A., Sylvester I., Zand D. J. et al. (1996) Retinoic acid-mediated down-regulation of Oct3/4 coincides with the loss of promoter occupancy in vivo. EMBO J. 15: 888-899
    • (1996) EMBO J. , vol.15 , pp. 888-899
    • Minucci, S.1    Botquin, V.2    Yeom, Y.I.3    Dey, A.4    Sylvester, I.5    Zand, D.J.6
  • 156
    • 0030088078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chromatin diminution in nematodes
    • 156 Muller F., Bernard V. and Tobler H. (1996) Chromatin diminution in nematodes. Bioessays 18: 133-138
    • (1996) Bioessays , vol.18 , pp. 133-138
    • Muller, F.1    Bernard, V.2    Tobler, H.3
  • 157
    • 0028834283 scopus 로고
    • The active migration of Drosophila primordial germ cells
    • 157 Jaglarz M. K. and Howard K. R. (1995) The active migration of Drosophila primordial germ cells. Development 121: 3495-3503
    • (1995) Development , vol.121 , pp. 3495-3503
    • Jaglarz, M.K.1    Howard, K.R.2
  • 158
    • 0028354289 scopus 로고
    • The gene serpeut has homeotic properties and specifies endoderm versus ectoderm within the Drosophila gut
    • 158 Reuter R. (1994) The gene serpeut has homeotic properties and specifies endoderm versus ectoderm within the Drosophila gut. Development 120: 1123-1135
    • (1994) Development , vol.120 , pp. 1123-1135
    • Reuter, R.1
  • 159
    • 0027998044 scopus 로고
    • Primordial germ cell migration and the assembly of the Drosophila embryonic gonad
    • 159 Warrior R. (1994) Primordial germ cell migration and the assembly of the Drosophila embryonic gonad. Dev. Biol. 166: 180-194
    • (1994) Dev. Biol. , vol.166 , pp. 180-194
    • Warrior, R.1
  • 160
    • 0031884894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of genes controlling germ cell migration and embryonic gonad formation in Drosophila
    • 160 Moore L. A., Broihier H. T., Van Doren M., Lunsford L. B. and Lehmann R. (1998) Identification of genes controlling germ cell migration and embryonic gonad formation in Drosophila. Development 125: 667-678
    • (1998) Development , vol.125 , pp. 667-678
    • Moore, L.A.1    Broihier, H.T.2    Van Doren, M.3    Lunsford, L.B.4    Lehmann, R.5
  • 161
    • 0029114326 scopus 로고
    • Pole cell migration through the gut wall of the Drosophila embryo: Analysis of cell interactions
    • 161 Callaini G., Riparbelli M. G. and Dallai R. (1995) Pole cell migration through the gut wall of the Drosophila embryo: analysis of cell interactions. Dev. Biol. 170: 365-375
    • (1995) Dev. Biol. , vol.170 , pp. 365-375
    • Callaini, G.1    Riparbelli, M.G.2    Dallai, R.3
  • 162
    • 0021220727 scopus 로고
    • Experimental evidence for a morphogenetic role in the emergence of primordial germ cells from the endoderm in Rana pipiens
    • 162 Subtelny S. and Penkala J. E. (1984) Experimental evidence for a morphogenetic role in the emergence of primordial germ cells from the endoderm in Rana pipiens. Differentiation 26: 211-219
    • (1984) Differentiation , vol.26 , pp. 211-219
    • Subtelny, S.1    Penkala, J.E.2
  • 163
    • 0028084477 scopus 로고
    • Primordial germ migration in Drosophila melanogaster is controlled by somatic tissue
    • 163 Jaglarz M. K. and Howard K. R. (1994) Primordial germ migration in Drosophila melanogaster is controlled by somatic tissue. Development 120: 83-89
    • (1994) Development , vol.120 , pp. 83-89
    • Jaglarz, M.K.1    Howard, K.R.2
  • 164
    • 0029979153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification and genetic analysis of wunen, a gene guiding Drosophila melanogaster germ cell migration
    • 164 Zhang N., Zhang J., Cheng Y. and Howard K. (1996) Identification and genetic analysis of wunen, a gene guiding Drosophila melanogaster germ cell migration. Genetics 143: 1231-1241
    • (1996) Genetics , vol.143 , pp. 1231-1241
    • Zhang, N.1    Zhang, J.2    Cheng, Y.3    Howard, K.4
  • 165
    • 0031021247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Drosophila protein wunen repels migrating germ cells
    • 165 Zhang N., Zhang J., Purcell K. J., Cheng Y. and Howard K. (1997) The Drosophila protein Wunen repels migrating germ cells. Nature 385: 64-67
    • (1997) Nature , vol.385 , pp. 64-67
    • Zhang, N.1    Zhang, J.2    Purcell, K.J.3    Cheng, Y.4    Howard, K.5
  • 166
    • 0030058659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contact inhibition/collapse and pathfinding of neural crest cells in the zebrafish trunk
    • 166 Jesuthasan S. (1996) Contact inhibition/collapse and pathfinding of neural crest cells in the zebrafish trunk. Development 122: 381-389
    • (1996) Development , vol.122 , pp. 381-389
    • Jesuthasan, S.1
  • 167
    • 0031910221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • zfh-1 is required for germ cell migration and gonadal mesoderm development in Drosophila
    • 167 Broihier H. T., Moore L. A., Van Doren M., Newman S. and Lehmann R. (1998) zfh-1 is required for germ cell migration and gonadal mesoderm development in Drosophila. Development 125: 655-666
    • (1998) Development , vol.125 , pp. 655-666
    • Broihier, H.T.1    Moore, L.A.2    Van Doren, M.3    Newman, S.4    Lehmann, R.5
  • 168
    • 0032482386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organogenesis: Drosophila goes gonadal
    • 168 Howard K. (1998) Organogenesis: Drosophila goes gonadal. Curr. Biol. 8: R415-R417
    • (1998) Curr. Biol. , vol.8
    • Howard, K.1
  • 169
    • 0026645329 scopus 로고
    • Gonad formation and development requires the abd-A domain of the bithorax complex in Drosophila melanogaster
    • 169 Cumberledge S., Szabad J. and Sakonju S. (1992) Gonad formation and development requires the abd-A domain of the bithorax complex in Drosophila melanogaster. Development 115: 395-402
    • (1992) Development , vol.115 , pp. 395-402
    • Cumberledge, S.1    Szabad, J.2    Sakonju, S.3
  • 170
    • 0029023750 scopus 로고
    • Specification, migration and assembly of the somatic cells of the Drosophila gonad
    • 170 Boyle M. and DiNardo S. (1995) Specification, migration and assembly of the somatic cells of the Drosophila gonad. Development 121: 1815-1825
    • (1995) Development , vol.121 , pp. 1815-1825
    • Boyle, M.1    DiNardo, S.2
  • 171
    • 0030614965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression and function of clift in the development of somatic gonadal precursors within the Drosophila mesoderm
    • 171 Boyle M., Bonini N. and DiNardo S. (1997) Expression and function of clift in the development of somatic gonadal precursors within the Drosophila mesoderm. Development 124: 971-982
    • (1997) Development , vol.124 , pp. 971-982
    • Boyle, M.1    Bonini, N.2    DiNardo, S.3
  • 172
    • 0031938290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gonadal mesoderm and fat body initially follow a common developmental path in Drosophila
    • 172 Moore L., Broihier H., Van Doren M. and Lehmann R. (1998) Gonadal mesoderm and fat body initially follow a common developmental path in Drosophila. Development 125: 837-844
    • (1998) Development , vol.125 , pp. 837-844
    • Moore, L.1    Broihier, H.2    Van Doren, M.3    Lehmann, R.4
  • 173
    • 0031885720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nanos and pumilio have critical roles in the development and function of Drosophila germline stem cells
    • 173 Forbes A. and Lehmann R. (1998) Nanos and Pumilio have critical roles in the development and function of Drosophila germline stem cells. Development 125: 679-690
    • (1998) Development , vol.125 , pp. 679-690
    • Forbes, A.1    Lehmann, R.2
  • 174
    • 0025734020 scopus 로고
    • The maternal gene nanos has a central role in posterior pattern formation of the Drosophila embryo
    • 174 Lehmann R. and Nüsslein-Volhard C. (1991) The maternal gene nanos has a central role in posterior pattern formation of the Drosophila embryo. Development 112: 679-691
    • (1991) Development , vol.112 , pp. 679-691
    • Lehmann, R.1    Nüsslein-Volhard, C.2
  • 175
    • 0024319520 scopus 로고
    • A non-radioactive in situ hybridization method for the localization of specific RNAs in Drosophila embryos reveals translational control of the segmentation gene hunchback
    • 175 Tautz D. and Pfeifle C. (1989) A non-radioactive in situ hybridization method for the localization of specific RNAs in Drosophila embryos reveals translational control of the segmentation gene hunchback. Chromosoma 98: 81-85
    • (1989) Chromosoma , vol.98 , pp. 81-85
    • Tautz, D.1    Pfeifle, C.2
  • 176
    • 0024805562 scopus 로고
    • Structure of the Drosophila BicaudalD protein and its role in localizing the posterior determinant nanos
    • 176 Wharton R. P. and Struhl G. (1989) Structure of the Drosophila BicaudalD protein and its role in localizing the posterior determinant nanos. Cell 59: 881-892
    • (1989) Cell , vol.59 , pp. 881-892
    • Wharton, R.P.1    Struhl, G.2
  • 177
    • 0031046736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A CCHC metal-binding domain in nanos is essential for translational regulation
    • 177 Curtis D., Treiber D. K., Tao F., Zamore P. D., Williamson J. R. and Lehmann R. (1997) A CCHC metal-binding domain in Nanos is essential for translational regulation. EMBO J. 16: 834-843
    • (1997) EMBO J. , vol.16 , pp. 834-843
    • Curtis, D.1    Treiber, D.K.2    Tao, F.3    Zamore, P.D.4    Williamson, J.R.5    Lehmann, R.6
  • 178
    • 0032033368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • No premature gene expression in germ cells of embryos deriving from nos females
    • 178 Heller A. and Steinmann-Zwicky M. (1998) No premature gene expression in germ cells of embryos deriving from nos females. Mech. Dev. 72: 169-173
    • (1998) Mech. Dev. , vol.72 , pp. 169-173
    • Heller, A.1    Steinmann-Zwicky, M.2
  • 180
    • 0028690497 scopus 로고
    • Primordial germ cell formation in birds
    • 180 Ginsburg M. (1994) Primordial germ cell formation in birds. Ciba Found. Symp. 182: 52-67
    • (1994) Ciba Found. Symp. , vol.182 , pp. 52-67
    • Ginsburg, M.1
  • 181
    • 0028088915 scopus 로고
    • Interactions between primordial germ cells play a role in their migration in mouse embryos
    • 181 Gomperts M., Garcia-Castro M., Wylie C. and Heasman J. (1994) Interactions between primordial germ cells play a role in their migration in mouse embryos. Development 120: 135-141
    • (1994) Development , vol.120 , pp. 135-141
    • Gomperts, M.1    Garcia-Castro, M.2    Wylie, C.3    Heasman, J.4
  • 182
    • 0019393572 scopus 로고
    • Proliferation and migration of primordial germ cells during compensatory growth in mouse embryos
    • 182 Tam P. P. L. and Snow M. H. L. (1981) Proliferation and migration of primordial germ cells during compensatory growth in mouse embryos. J. Embryol. Exp. Morphol. 64: 133-147
    • (1981) J. Embryol. Exp. Morphol. , vol.64 , pp. 133-147
    • Tam, P.P.L.1    Snow, M.H.L.2
  • 183
    • 0027205442 scopus 로고
    • Stem cell factor and leukemia inhibitory factor promote primordial germ cell survival by suppressing programmed cell death (apoptosis)
    • 183 Pesce M., Farrace M. G., Piacentini M., Dolci S. and De Felici M. (1993) Stem cell factor and leukemia inhibitory factor promote primordial germ cell survival by suppressing programmed cell death (apoptosis). Development 118: 1089-1094
    • (1993) Development , vol.118 , pp. 1089-1094
    • Pesce, M.1    Farrace, M.G.2    Piacentini, M.3    Dolci, S.4    De Felici, M.5
  • 184
    • 0022540262 scopus 로고
    • Migratory and postmigratory mouse primordial germ cells behave differently in culture
    • 184 Donovan P. J., Stott D., Cairns L. A., Heasman J. and Wylie C. C. (1986) Migratory and postmigratory mouse primordial germ cells behave differently in culture. Cell 44: 831-838
    • (1986) Cell , vol.44 , pp. 831-838
    • Donovan, P.J.1    Stott, D.2    Cairns, L.A.3    Heasman, J.4    Wylie, C.C.5
  • 185
    • 0025850522 scopus 로고
    • Embryonic RNA expression patterns of the c-kit receptor and its cognate ligand suggest multiple functional roles in mouse development
    • 185 Keshet E., Lyman S. D., Williams D. E., Anderson D. M., Jenkins N. A., Copeland N. G. et al. (1991) Embryonic RNA expression patterns of the c-kit receptor and its cognate ligand suggest multiple functional roles in mouse development. EMBO J. 10: 2425-2435
    • (1991) EMBO J. , vol.10 , pp. 2425-2435
    • Keshet, E.1    Lyman, S.D.2    Williams, D.E.3    Anderson, D.M.4    Jenkins, N.A.5    Copeland, N.G.6
  • 186
    • 0027218845 scopus 로고
    • From white spots to stem cells: The role of the kit receptor in mammalian development
    • 186 Fleischman R. A. (1993) From white spots to stem cells: the role of the Kit receptor in mammalian development. Trends Genet. 9: 285-290
    • (1993) Trends Genet. , vol.9 , pp. 285-290
    • Fleischman, R.A.1
  • 187
    • 0028083786 scopus 로고
    • Growth factors in mouse primordial germ cell migration and proliferation
    • 187 De Felici M. and Pesce M. (1994) Growth factors in mouse primordial germ cell migration and proliferation. Prog. Growth Factor Res. 5: 135-143
    • (1994) Prog. Growth Factor Res. , vol.5 , pp. 135-143
    • De Felici, M.1    Pesce, M.2
  • 188
    • 0031464879 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The c-kit receptor is involved in the adhesion of mouse primordial germ cells to somatic cells in culture
    • 188 Pesce M., Di Carlo A. and De Felici M. D. (1997) The c-kit receptor is involved in the adhesion of mouse primordial germ cells to somatic cells in culture. Mech. Dev. 68: 37-44
    • (1997) Mech. Dev. , vol.68 , pp. 37-44
    • Pesce, M.1    Di Carlo, A.2    De Felici, M.D.3
  • 189
    • 0032478283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • RNA-binding protein TIAR is essential for primordial germ cell development
    • 189 Beck A. R. P., Miller I. J., Anderson P. and Streuli M. (1998) RNA-binding protein TIAR is essential for primordial germ cell development. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95: 2331-2336
    • (1998) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.95 , pp. 2331-2336
    • Beck, A.R.P.1    Miller, I.J.2    Anderson, P.3    Streuli, M.4
  • 190
    • 0026070057 scopus 로고
    • Germ-cell deficient (gcd), an insertional mutation manifested as infertility in transgenic mice
    • 190 Pellas T. C., Ramachandran B., Duncan M., Pan S. S., Marone M. and Chada K. (1991) Germ-cell deficient (gcd), an insertional mutation manifested as infertility in transgenic mice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88: 8787-8791
    • (1991) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.88 , pp. 8787-8791
    • Pellas, T.C.1    Ramachandran, B.2    Duncan, M.3    Pan, S.S.4    Marone, M.5    Chada, K.6
  • 191
    • 0029384666 scopus 로고
    • The germ cell deficient locus maps to mouse chromosome 11A2-3
    • 191 Duncan M. K., Lieman J. and Chada K. K. (1995) The germ cell deficient locus maps to mouse chromosome 11A2-3. Mamm. Genome 6: 697-699
    • (1995) Mamm. Genome , vol.6 , pp. 697-699
    • Duncan, M.K.1    Lieman, J.2    Chada, K.K.3
  • 192
    • 0032530358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distinct roles of oncostatin M and leukemia inhibitory factor in the development of primordial germ cells and sertoli cells in mice
    • 192 Hara T., Tamura K., de Miguel M. P., Mukouyama Y. S., Kim H. J., Kogo H. et al. (1998) Distinct roles of oncostatin M and leukemia inhibitory factor in the development of primordial germ cells and sertoli cells in mice. Dev. Biol. 201: 144-153
    • (1998) Dev. Biol. , vol.201 , pp. 144-153
    • Hara, T.1    Tamura, K.2    De Miguel, M.P.3    Mukouyama, Y.S.4    Kim, H.J.5    Kogo, H.6
  • 193
    • 0028052532 scopus 로고
    • Growth factor regulation of mouse primordial germ cell development
    • 193 Donovan P. J. (1994) Growth factor regulation of mouse primordial germ cell development. Curr. Top. Dev. Biol. 29: 189-225
    • (1994) Curr. Top. Dev. Biol. , vol.29 , pp. 189-225
    • Donovan, P.J.1
  • 194
    • 0029981875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of interleukin-4 in the regulation of mouse primordial germ cell numbers
    • 194 Cooke J. E., Heasman J. and Wylie C. C. (1996) The role of interleukin-4 in the regulation of mouse primordial germ cell numbers. Dev. Biol. 174: 14-21
    • (1996) Dev. Biol. , vol.174 , pp. 14-21
    • Cooke, J.E.1    Heasman, J.2    Wylie, C.C.3
  • 195
    • 0030025956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) stimulates adenylate cyclase and promotes proliferation of mouse primordial germ cells
    • 195 Pesce M., Canipari R., Ferri G.-L., Siracusa G. and De Felici M. (1996) Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) stimulates adenylate cyclase and promotes proliferation of mouse primordial germ cells. Development 122: 215-221
    • (1996) Development , vol.122 , pp. 215-221
    • Pesce, M.1    Canipari, R.2    Ferri, G.-L.3    Siracusa, G.4    De Felici, M.5
  • 196
    • 0030589603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A receptor tyrosine kinase, sky, and its ligand gas 6 are expressed in gonads and support primordial germ cell growth or survival in culture
    • 196 Matsubara N., Takahashi Y., Nishina Y., Mukouyama Y., Yanagisawa M., Watanabe T. et al. (1996) A receptor tyrosine kinase, Sky, and its ligand Gas 6 are expressed in gonads and support primordial germ cell growth or survival in culture. Dev. Biol. 180: 499-510
    • (1996) Dev. Biol. , vol.180 , pp. 499-510
    • Matsubara, N.1    Takahashi, Y.2    Nishina, Y.3    Mukouyama, Y.4    Yanagisawa, M.5    Watanabe, T.6
  • 197
    • 0026333359 scopus 로고
    • TGFβ1 inhibits proliferation and has a chemotropic effect on mouse primordial germ cells in culture
    • 197 Godin I. and Wylie C. C. (1991) TGFβ1 inhibits proliferation and has a chemotropic effect on mouse primordial germ cells in culture. Development 113: 1451-1457
    • (1991) Development , vol.113 , pp. 1451-1457
    • Godin, I.1    Wylie, C.C.2
  • 198
    • 0031938958 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early stages in male germ cell differentiation in the mouse
    • 198 Anderson R., Garcia-Castro M., Heasman J. and Wylie C. (1998) Early stages in male germ cell differentiation in the mouse. APMIS 106: 127-133
    • (1998) APMIS , vol.106 , pp. 127-133
    • Anderson, R.1    Garcia-Castro, M.2    Heasman, J.3    Wylie, C.4
  • 199
    • 1842327963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interactions between germ cells and extracellular matrix glycoproteins during migration and gonad assembly in the mouse embryo
    • 199 Garcia-Castro M. I., Anderson R., Heasman J. and Wylie C. (1997) Interactions between germ cells and extracellular matrix glycoproteins during migration and gonad assembly in the mouse embryo. J. Cell Biol. 138: 471-480
    • (1997) J. Cell Biol. , vol.138 , pp. 471-480
    • Garcia-Castro, M.I.1    Anderson, R.2    Heasman, J.3    Wylie, C.4
  • 200
    • 0028198723 scopus 로고
    • Genomic imprinting: Lessons from mouse transgenes
    • 200 Chaillet J. R. (1994) Genomic imprinting: lessons from mouse transgenes. Mutat. Res. 307: 441-449
    • (1994) Mutat. Res. , vol.307 , pp. 441-449
    • Chaillet, J.R.1
  • 201
    • 0028859287 scopus 로고
    • Gamete-specific methylation correlates with imprinting of the murine Xist gene
    • 201 Ariel M., Robinson E., McCarrey J. R. and Cedar H. (1995) Gamete-specific methylation correlates with imprinting of the murine Xist gene. Nat. Genet. 9: 312-315
    • (1995) Nat. Genet. , vol.9 , pp. 312-315
    • Ariel, M.1    Robinson, E.2    McCarrey, J.R.3    Cedar, H.4
  • 202
    • 0002031074 scopus 로고
    • Developmental genetics of oogenesis
    • Bate M. and Martinez Arias A. (eds), Cold Spring Harbor Press, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
    • 202 Spradling A. C. (1993) Developmental Genetics of Oogenesis. In: The Development of Drosophila melanogaster, vol. 1. pp. 1-70, Bate M. and Martinez Arias A. (eds), Cold Spring Harbor Press, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
    • (1993) The Development of Drosophila Melanogaster , vol.1 , pp. 1-70
    • Spradling, A.C.1
  • 203
    • 0000808485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spermatogenesis
    • Riddle D. L., Blumenthal T., Meyer B. J. and Priess J. R. (eds). Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
    • 203 L'Hernault S. W. (1997) Spermatogenesis. In: C. elegans II, pp. 271-294, Riddle D. L., Blumenthal T., Meyer B. J. and Priess J. R. (eds). Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, New York
    • (1997) C. Elegans , vol.2 , pp. 271-294
    • L'Hernault, S.W.1
  • 204
    • 0031961718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation and execution of meiosis in Drosophila males
    • 204 Maines J. and Wasserman S. (1998) Regulation and execution of meiosis in Drosophila males. Curr. Top. Dev. Biol. 37: 301-332
    • (1998) Curr. Top. Dev. Biol. , vol.37 , pp. 301-332
    • Maines, J.1    Wasserman, S.2
  • 205
    • 0029088061 scopus 로고
    • Diverse spermatogenic defects in humans caused by Y chromosome deletions encompassing a novel RNA-binding protein gene
    • 205 Reijo R., Lee T. Y., Salo P., Alagappan R., Brown L. G., Rosenberg M. et al. (1995) Diverse spermatogenic defects in humans caused by Y chromosome deletions encompassing a novel RNA-binding protein gene. Nature Genet. 10: 383-393
    • (1995) Nature Genet. , vol.10 , pp. 383-393
    • Reijo, R.1    Lee, T.Y.2    Salo, P.3    Alagappan, R.4    Brown, L.G.5    Rosenberg, M.6
  • 206
    • 0030292382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The DAZ gene cluster on the human Y chromosome arose from an autosomal gene that was transposed, repeatedly amplified and pruned
    • 206 Saxena R., Brown L. G., Hawkins T., Alagappan R. K., Skaletsky H., Reeve M. P. et al. (1996) The DAZ gene cluster on the human Y chromosome arose from an autosomal gene that was transposed, repeatedly amplified and pruned. Nature Genet. 14: 292-299
    • (1996) Nature Genet. , vol.14 , pp. 292-299
    • Saxena, R.1    Brown, L.G.2    Hawkins, T.3    Alagappan, R.K.4    Skaletsky, H.5    Reeve, M.P.6
  • 207
    • 0029803595 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A SPGY copy homologous to the mouse gene Dazla and the Drosophila gene boule is autosomal and expressed only in the human male gonad
    • 207 Shan Z., Hirschmann P., Seebacher T., Edelmann A., Jauch A., Morell J. et al. (1996) A SPGY copy homologous to the mouse gene Dazla and the Drosophila gene boule is autosomal and expressed only in the human male gonad. Hum. Mol. Genet. 5: 2005-2011
    • (1996) Hum. Mol. Genet. , vol.5 , pp. 2005-2011
    • Shan, Z.1    Hirschmann, P.2    Seebacher, T.3    Edelmann, A.4    Jauch, A.5    Morell, J.6
  • 208
    • 0029842285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The human autosomal gene DAZLA: Testis specificity and a candidate for male infertility
    • 208 Yen P. H., Chai N. N. and Salido E. C. (1996) The human autosomal gene DAZLA: testis specificity and a candidate for male infertility. Hum. Mol. Genet. 5: 2013-2017
    • (1996) Hum. Mol. Genet. , vol.5 , pp. 2013-2017
    • Yen, P.H.1    Chai, N.N.2    Salido, E.C.3
  • 209
    • 0030885623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mouse Dazla gene encodes a cytoplasmic protein essential for gametogenesis
    • 209 Ruggiu M., Speed R., Taggart M., McKay S. J., Kilanowski F., Saunders P. et al. (1997) The mouse Dazla gene encodes a cytoplasmic protein essential for gametogenesis. Nature 389: 73-77
    • (1997) Nature , vol.389 , pp. 73-77
    • Ruggiu, M.1    Speed, R.2    Taggart, M.3    McKay, S.J.4    Kilanowski, F.5    Saunders, P.6
  • 210
    • 0031932686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Xenopus DAZ-like gene encodes an RNA component of germ plasm and is a functional homologue of Drosophila boule
    • 210 Houston D. W., Zhang J., Maines J. Z., Wasserman S. A. and King M. L. (1998) A Xenopus DAZ-like gene encodes an RNA component of germ plasm and is a functional homologue of Drosophila boule. Development 125: 171-180
    • (1998) Development , vol.125 , pp. 171-180
    • Houston, D.W.1    Zhang, J.2    Maines, J.Z.3    Wasserman, S.A.4    King, M.L.5
  • 211
    • 0029900958 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meiotic cell cycle requirement for a fly homologue of human deleted in Azoospermia
    • 211 Eberhart C. G., Maines J. Z. and Wasserman S. A. (1996) Meiotic cell cycle requirement for a fly homologue of human Deleted in Azoospermia. Nature 381: 783-785
    • (1996) Nature , vol.381 , pp. 783-785
    • Eberhart, C.G.1    Maines, J.Z.2    Wasserman, S.A.3
  • 212
    • 0028027585 scopus 로고
    • GLP-1 is localized to the mitotic region of the C. elegans germ line
    • 212 Crittenden S. L., Troemel E. R., Evans T. C. and Kimble J. (1994) GLP-1 is localized to the mitotic region of the C. elegans germ line. Development 120: 2901-2911
    • (1994) Development , vol.120 , pp. 2901-2911
    • Crittenden, S.L.1    Troemel, E.R.2    Evans, T.C.3    Kimble, J.4
  • 213
    • 0030807094 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Notch signaling in vertebrate development and disease
    • 213 Gridley T. (1997) Notch signaling in vertebrate development and disease. Mol. Cell. Neurosci. 9: 103-108
    • (1997) Mol. Cell. Neurosci. , vol.9 , pp. 103-108
    • Gridley, T.1
  • 214
    • 0030748716 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ins and outs of notch signaling
    • 214 Weinmaster G. (1997) The ins and outs of notch signaling. Mol. Cell. Neurosci. 9: 91-102
    • (1997) Mol. Cell. Neurosci. , vol.9 , pp. 91-102
    • Weinmaster, G.1
  • 215
    • 0030693882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Punt and schnurri regulate a somatically derived signal that restricts proliferation of committed progenitors in the germline
    • 215 Matunis E., Tran J., Gonczy P., Caldwell K. and DiNardo S. (1997) punt and schnurri regulate a somatically derived signal that restricts proliferation of committed progenitors in the germline. Development 124: 4383-4391
    • (1997) Development , vol.124 , pp. 4383-4391
    • Matunis, E.1    Tran, J.2    Gonczy, P.3    Caldwell, K.4    DiNardo, S.5
  • 216
    • 0031194426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Entry of mouse embryonic germ cells into meiosis
    • 216 McLaren A. and Southee D. (1997) Entry of mouse embryonic germ cells into meiosis. Dev. Biol. 187: 107-113
    • (1997) Dev. Biol. , vol.187 , pp. 107-113
    • McLaren, A.1    Southee, D.2
  • 217
    • 0014246353 scopus 로고
    • Polar granules of Drosophila. II. Ultrastructural changes during early embryogenesis
    • 217 Mahowald A. P. (1968) Polar granules of Drosophila. II. Ultrastructural changes during early embryogenesis. J. Exp. Zool. 167: 237-261
    • (1968) J. Exp. Zool. , vol.167 , pp. 237-261
    • Mahowald, A.P.1
  • 218
    • 0030928578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Zebrafish vasa homologue RNA is localized to the cleavage planes of 2-and 4-cell-stage embryos and is expressed in the primordial germ cells
    • 218 Yoon C., Kawakami K. and Hopkins N. (1997) Zebrafish vasa homologue RNA is localized to the cleavage planes of 2-and 4-cell-stage embryos and is expressed in the primordial germ cells. Development 124: 3157-3166
    • (1997) Development , vol.124 , pp. 3157-3166
    • Yoon, C.1    Kawakami, K.2    Hopkins, N.3
  • 219
    • 0030930112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A vasa-like gene in zebrafish identifies putative primordial germ cells
    • 219 Olsen L. C., Aasland R. and Fjose A. (1997) A vasa-like gene in zebrafish identifies putative primordial germ cells. Mech. Dev. 66: 95-105
    • (1997) Mech. Dev. , vol.66 , pp. 95-105
    • Olsen, L.C.1    Aasland, R.2    Fjose, A.3
  • 220
    • 0028985338 scopus 로고
    • Cloning of a gene of the DEAD box protein family which is specifically expressed in germ cells in rats
    • 220 Komiya T. and Tanigawa Y. (1995) Cloning of a gene of the DEAD box protein family which is specifically expressed in germ cells in rats. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. 207: 405-410
    • (1995) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. , vol.207 , pp. 405-410
    • Komiya, T.1    Tanigawa, Y.2
  • 221
    • 0029022885 scopus 로고
    • Nanos is an evolutionarily conserved organizer of anterior-posterior polarity
    • 221 Curtis D., Apfeld J. and Lehmann R. (1995) nanos is an evolutionarily conserved organizer of anterior-posterior polarity. Development 121: 1899-1910
    • (1995) Development , vol.121 , pp. 1899-1910
    • Curtis, D.1    Apfeld, J.2    Lehmann, R.3
  • 222
    • 0030976420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A nanos homolog in leech
    • 222 Pilon M. and Weisblat D. A. (1997) A nanos homolog in leech. Development 124: 1771-1780
    • (1997) Development , vol.124 , pp. 1771-1780
    • Pilon, M.1    Weisblat, D.A.2
  • 223
    • 0030886559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mugo nashi mediates the posterior follicle cell-to-oocyte signal to organize axis formation in Drosophila
    • 223 Newmark P. A., Mohr S. E., Gong L. and Boswell R. E. (1997) mugo nashi mediates the posterior follicle cell-to-oocyte signal to organize axis formation in Drosophila. Development 124: 3197-3207
    • (1997) Development , vol.124 , pp. 3197-3207
    • Newmark, P.A.1    Mohr, S.E.2    Gong, L.3    Boswell, R.E.4
  • 225
    • 0028988725 scopus 로고
    • Dorsal-ventral patterning and differentiation of noggin-induced neural tissue in the absence of mesoderm
    • 225 Knecht A. K., Good P. J., Dawid I. B. and Harland R. M. (1995) Dorsal-ventral patterning and differentiation of noggin-induced neural tissue in the absence of mesoderm. Development 121: 1927-1935
    • (1995) Development , vol.121 , pp. 1927-1935
    • Knecht, A.K.1    Good, P.J.2    Dawid, I.B.3    Harland, R.M.4
  • 227
    • 0031452082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A conserved RNA-binding protein that regulates sexual fates in the C. elegans hermaphrodite germ line
    • 227 Zhang B., Gallegos M., Puoti A., Durkin E., Fields S., Kimble J. et al. (1997) A conserved RNA-binding protein that regulates sexual fates in the C. elegans hermaphrodite germ line. Nature 390: 477-484
    • (1997) Nature , vol.390 , pp. 477-484
    • Zhang, B.1    Gallegos, M.2    Puoti, A.3    Durkin, E.4    Fields, S.5    Kimble, J.6
  • 228
    • 0031440357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Pumilio protein binds RNA through a conserved domain that defines a new class of RNA-binding proteins
    • 228 Zamore P. D., Williamson J. R. and Lehmann R. (1997) The Pumilio protein binds RNA through a conserved domain that defines a new class of RNA-binding proteins. RNA 3: 1421-1433
    • (1997) RNA , vol.3 , pp. 1421-1433
    • Zamore, P.D.1    Williamson, J.R.2    Lehmann, R.3
  • 229
    • 0030587411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Localization of a human double-stranded RNA-binding protein gene (STAU) to band 20q13.1 by fluorescence in situ hybridization
    • 229 DesGroseillers L. and Lemicux N. (1996) Localization of a human double-stranded RNA-binding protein gene (STAU) to band 20q13.1 by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Genomics 36: 527-529
    • (1996) Genomics , vol.36 , pp. 527-529
    • DesGroseillers, L.1    Lemicux, N.2
  • 230
    • 0031027360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The human EBNA-2 coactivator p100: Multidomain organization and relationship to the staphylococcal nuclease fold and to the tudor protein involved in Drosophila melanogaster development
    • 230 Callebaut I. and Mornon J. P. (1997) The human EBNA-2 coactivator p100: multidomain organization and relationship to the staphylococcal nuclease fold and to the tudor protein involved in Drosophila melanogaster development. Biochem. J. 321: 125-132
    • (1997) Biochem. J. , vol.321 , pp. 125-132
    • Callebaut, I.1    Mornon, J.P.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.