메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 7, Issue 2, 1997, Pages 249-258

PcG complexes and chromatin silencing

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DNA; DNA BINDING PROTEIN;

EID: 0031000434     PISSN: 0959437X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0959-437X(97)80135-9     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (208)

References (69)
  • 1
    • 0029741576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Silencing of genes at nontelomeric sites in yeast is controlled by sequestration of silencing factors at telomeres by Rap1 protein
    • Marcand S, Buck SW, Moretti P, Gilson E, Shore D: Silencing of genes at nontelomeric sites in yeast is controlled by sequestration of silencing factors at telomeres by Rap1 protein. Genes Dev 1996, 10:1297-1309. Sir proteins targeted to a GAL4-binding site can initiate silencing in the absence of a functional silencer or of Rap1. Such silencing is effective near telomeres but not at internal chromosome sites unless telomeric silencing is weakened, suggesting that telomeres sequester Sir proteins and control other potential silencers.
    • (1996) Genes Dev , vol.10 , pp. 1297-1309
    • Marcand, S.1    Buck, S.W.2    Moretti, P.3    Gilson, E.4    Shore, D.5
  • 2
    • 0029817763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spreading of transcriptional repressor SIR3 from telomeric heterochromatin
    • Hecht A, Strahl-Bolsinger S, Grunstein M: Spreading of transcriptional repressor SIR3 from telomeric heterochromatin. Nature 1996, 383:92-96.
    • (1996) Nature , vol.383 , pp. 92-96
    • Hecht, A.1    Strahl-Bolsinger, S.2    Grunstein, M.3
  • 3
    • 0028941966 scopus 로고
    • Action of a RAP1 carboxy-terminal silencing domain reveals an underlying competition between HMR and telomeres in yeast
    • Buck SW, Shore D: Action of a RAP1 carboxy-terminal silencing domain reveals an underlying competition between HMR and telomeres in yeast. Genes Dev 1995, 9:370-384.
    • (1995) Genes Dev , vol.9 , pp. 370-384
    • Buck, S.W.1    Shore, D.2
  • 4
    • 0028919756 scopus 로고
    • Histone H3 and H4 N-termini interact with SIR3 and SIR4 proteins: A molecular model for the formation of heterochromatin in yeast
    • Hecht A, Laroche T, Strahl-Bolsinger S, Gasser SM, Grunstein M: Histone H3 and H4 N-termini interact with SIR3 and SIR4 proteins: a molecular model for the formation of heterochromatin in yeast. Cell 1995, 80:583-592. The amino-terminal regions of H3 and H4 bind Sir3 and Sir4 but not Rap1 or Sir2. Mutations in these regions prevent the telomeric association of Sir proteins and the perinuclear positioning of the telomeres. These interactions suggest that, after recruitment by Rap1, the Sir complex spreads by interactions with successive nucleosomes.
    • (1995) Cell , vol.80 , pp. 583-592
    • Hecht, A.1    Laroche, T.2    Strahl-Bolsinger, S.3    Gasser, S.M.4    Grunstein, M.5
  • 5
    • 0027184524 scopus 로고
    • Silent domains are assembled continuously from the telomere and are defined by promoter distance and strength, and by SIR3 dosage
    • Renauld H, Aparicio OM, Zierath PD, Billington BL, Chhablani SK, Gottschling DE: Silent domains are assembled continuously from the telomere and are defined by promoter distance and strength, and by SIR3 dosage. Genes Dev 1993, 7:1133-1145.
    • (1993) Genes Dev , vol.7 , pp. 1133-1145
    • Renauld, H.1    Aparicio, O.M.2    Zierath, P.D.3    Billington, B.L.4    Chhablani, S.K.5    De Gottschling6
  • 6
    • 0029746494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for silencing compartments within the yeast nucleus: A role for telomere proximity and Sir protein concentration in silencer-mediated repression
    • Maillet L, Boscheron C, Gotta M, Marcand S, Gilson E, Gasser SM: Evidence for silencing compartments within the yeast nucleus: a role for telomere proximity and Sir protein concentration in silencer-mediated repression. Genes Dev 1996, 10:1796-1811. Functional enhancers cannot repress when integrated at internal chromosome sites but silencing is restored when a new telomere is created in their vicinity or when Sir proteins are overexpressed. In a normal nucleus, Sir proteins are concentrated around telomeres but are diffused through nucleoplasm when overexpressed, indicating that they normally exist in limiting concentrations.
    • (1996) Genes Dev , vol.10 , pp. 1796-1811
    • Maillet, L.1    Boscheron, C.2    Gotta, M.3    Marcand, S.4    Gilson, E.5    Gasser, S.M.6
  • 7
    • 0029922959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of interactions between the origin recognition complex and SIR1 in transcriptional silencing
    • Triolo T, Sternglanz R: Role of interactions between the origin recognition complex and SIR1 in transcriptional silencing. Nature 1996, 381:251-253.
    • (1996) Nature , vol.381 , pp. 251-253
    • Triolo, T.1    Sternglanz, R.2
  • 8
    • 0029879358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cooperation at a distance between silencers and proto-silencers at the yeast HML locus
    • Boscheron C, Maillet L, Marcand S, Tsai-Pflugfelder M, Gasser SM, Gilson E: Cooperation at a distance between silencers and proto-silencers at the yeast HML locus. EMBO J 1996, 15:2184-2195. Elements that have no silencing activity of their own can cooperate over distances of several kilobases to establish silencing. Binding sites for Rap1, Abf1 or ORC can cooperate to initiate nucleation of a Sir complex.
    • (1996) EMBO J , vol.15 , pp. 2184-2195
    • Boscheron, C.1    Maillet, L.2    Marcand, S.3    Tsai-Pflugfelder, M.4    Gasser, S.M.5    Gilson, E.6
  • 9
    • 0029921392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heterochromatin and gene regulation in Drosophila
    • Elgin SCR: Heterochromatin and gene regulation in Drosophila. Curr Opin Genet Dev 1996, 6:193-202.
    • (1996) Curr Opin Genet Dev , vol.6 , pp. 193-202
    • Elgin, S.C.R.1
  • 10
    • 0029065737 scopus 로고
    • Locking in stable states of gene expression: Transcriptional control during Drosophila development
    • Simon J: Locking in stable states of gene expression: transcriptional control during Drosophila development. Curr Opin Cell Biol 1995, 7:376-385.
    • (1995) Curr Opin Cell Biol , vol.7 , pp. 376-385
    • Simon, J.1
  • 11
    • 0029100039 scopus 로고
    • Chromatin complexes regulating gene expression in Drosophila
    • Pirrotta V: Chromatin complexes regulating gene expression in Drosophila. Curr Opin Genet Dev 1995, 5:466-472.
    • (1995) Curr Opin Genet Dev , vol.5 , pp. 466-472
    • Pirrotta, V.1
  • 12
    • 0029645289 scopus 로고
    • Functional analysis of the chromodomain of HP1
    • Platero JS, Hartnett T, Eissenberg JC: Functional analysis of the chromodomain of HP1. EMBO J 1995, 14:3977-3986. The HP1 chromodomain is replaced by the Pc chromodomain in an HP1-lacz construct. In Drosophila, the hybrid protein is associated correctly with the centric heterochromatin but also with the Pc binding sites in the chromosome arms. The endogenous Pc protein is now also recruited to the heterochromatin, indicating that the chromodomain is a protein-protein interaction motif and implying that both HP1 and Pc have a second protein-protein interaction domain.
    • (1995) EMBO J , vol.14 , pp. 3977-3986
    • Platero, J.S.1    Hartnett, T.2    Eissenberg, J.C.3
  • 13
    • 0029145512 scopus 로고
    • Function of the Polycomb protein is conserved in mice and flies
    • Müller J, Gaunt S, Lawrence PA: Function of the Polycomb protein is conserved in mice and flies. Development 1995, 121:2847-2852. M33, a mouse homologue of Pc, when expressed in Drosophila can rescue embryos that lack Pc function up to the end of embryogenesis though not to adulthood. This indicates that the mouse protein is recognized by the fly PcG proteins.
    • (1995) Development , vol.121 , pp. 2847-2852
    • Müller, J.1    Gaunt, S.2    Lawrence, P.A.3
  • 14
    • 0025914005 scopus 로고
    • Drosophila genes Posterior Sex Combs and Suppressor two of zeste encode proteins with homology to the murine BMI-1 oncogene
    • Brunk BP, Martin EC, Adler PN: Drosophila genes Posterior Sex Combs and Suppressor two of zeste encode proteins with homology to the murine BMI-1 oncogene. Nature 1991, 353:351-353.
    • (1991) Nature , vol.353 , pp. 351-353
    • Brunk, B.P.1    Martin, E.C.2    Adler, P.N.3
  • 15
    • 0025773264 scopus 로고
    • Sequence similarity between the mammalian bmi-1 proto-oncogene and the Drosophila regulatory genes Psc and Su(z)2
    • Van Lohuizen M, Frasch M, Wientjens E, Berns A: Sequence similarity between the mammalian bmi-1 proto-oncogene and the Drosophila regulatory genes Psc and Su(z)2. Nature 1991, 353:353-355.
    • (1991) Nature , vol.353 , pp. 353-355
    • Van Lohuizen, M.1    Frasch, M.2    Wientjens, E.3    Berns, A.4
  • 16
    • 0028840713 scopus 로고
    • Mel18, a Polycomb group-related mammalian gene, encodes a transcriptional negative regulator with tumor suppressive activity
    • Kanno M, Hasegawa M, Ishida A, Isono K, Taniguchi M: mel18, a Polycomb group-related mammalian gene, encodes a transcriptional negative regulator with tumor suppressive activity. EMBO J 1995, 14:5672-5678. PCR-amplified binding-site selection shows that Mel-18 binds to (TTAC)GA-CTNGACT - a sequence found in the regulatory region of myc, Bcl-2 and Hox genes - and can repress a reporter gene. Expression of antisense mel-18 RNA causes 3T3 cells to become tumorigenic.
    • (1995) EMBO J , vol.14 , pp. 5672-5678
    • Kanno, M.1    Hasegawa, M.2    Ishida, A.3    Isono, K.4    Taniguchi, M.5
  • 18
    • 0029891279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A role for mel-18, a Polycomb group-related vertebrate gene, in the anteroposterior specification of the axial skeleton
    • Akasaka T, Kanno M, Balling R, Mieza MA, Taniguchi M, Koseki H: A role for mel-18, a Polycomb group-related vertebrate gene, in the anteroposterior specification of the axial skeleton. Development 1996, 122:1513-1522.
    • (1996) Development , vol.122 , pp. 1513-1522
    • Akasaka, T.1    Kanno, M.2    Balling, R.3    Mieza, M.A.4    Taniguchi, M.5    Koseki, H.6
  • 19
    • 0029896251 scopus 로고
    • The Drosophila Polycomb group gene Sex comb on midleg (Scm) encodes a zinc finger protein with similarity to polyhomeotic protein
    • Bornemann D, Miller E, Simon J: The Drosophila Polycomb group gene Sex comb on midleg (Scm) encodes a zinc finger protein with similarity to polyhomeotic protein. Development 1896, 122:1621-1630.
    • (1896) Development , vol.122 , pp. 1621-1630
    • Bornemann, D.1    Miller, E.2    Simon, J.3
  • 20
    • 0028110864 scopus 로고
    • The protein encoded by the Drosophila position-effect variegation suppressor gene Su(var)3-9 combines domains of antagonistic regulators of homeotic gene complexes
    • Tschiersch B, Hofmann A, Krauss V, Dorn R, Korge G, Reuter G: The protein encoded by the Drosophila position-effect variegation suppressor gene Su(var)3-9 combines domains of antagonistic regulators of homeotic gene complexes. EMBO J 1994, 13:3825-3831.
    • (1994) EMBO J , vol.13 , pp. 3825-3831
    • Tschiersch, B.1    Hofmann, A.2    Krauss, V.3    Dorn, R.4    Korge, G.5    Reuter, G.6
  • 21
    • 0029122551 scopus 로고
    • The Polycomb-group gene, extra sex combs, encodes a nuclear member of the WD-40 repeat family
    • Gutjahr T, Frei E, Spicer C, Baumgartner S, White RAH, Noll M: The Polycomb-group gene, extra sex combs, encodes a nuclear member of the WD-40 repeat family. EMBO J 1995, 14:4296-4306.
    • (1995) EMBO J , vol.14 , pp. 4296-4306
    • Gutjahr, T.1    Frei, E.2    Spicer, C.3    Baumgartner, S.4    Rah, W.5    Noll, M.6
  • 22
    • 0028839176 scopus 로고
    • The extra sex combs product contains WD40 repeats and its time of action implies a role distinct from other Polycomb group products
    • Simon J, Bornemann D, Lunde K, Schwartz C: The extra sex combs product contains WD40 repeats and its time of action implies a role distinct from other Polycomb group products. Mech Dev 1995, 53:197-208.
    • (1995) Mech Dev , vol.53 , pp. 197-208
    • Simon, J.1    Bornemann, D.2    Lunde, K.3    Schwartz, C.4
  • 23
    • 0029114118 scopus 로고
    • The extra sex combs protein contains WD motifs essential for its function as a repressor of the homeotic genes
    • Sathe SS, Harte PJ: The extra sex combs protein contains WD motifs essential for its function as a repressor of the homeotic genes. Mech Dev 1995, 52:77-87.
    • (1995) Mech Dev , vol.52 , pp. 77-87
    • Sathe, S.S.1    Harte, P.J.2
  • 24
    • 0030069667 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • G protein heterodimers: New structures propel new questions
    • Neer EJ, Smith TF: G protein heterodimers: new structures propel new questions. Cell 1996, 84:175-178.
    • (1996) Cell , vol.84 , pp. 175-178
    • Neer, E.J.1    Smith, T.F.2
  • 25
    • 0028034201 scopus 로고
    • The WD repeats of Tup1 interact with the homeodomain protein a2
    • Komachi K, Redd MJ, Johnson AD: The WD repeats of Tup1 interact with the homeodomain protein a2. Genes Dev 1994, 8:2857-2867.
    • (1994) Genes Dev , vol.8 , pp. 2857-2867
    • Komachi, K.1    Redd, M.J.2    Johnson, A.D.3
  • 26
    • 0029841672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Positional cloning of a global regulator of anterior-posterior patterning in mice
    • Schumacher A, Faust C, Magnuson T: Positional cloning of a global regulator of anterior-posterior patterning in mice. Nature 1996, 383:250-253.
    • (1996) Nature , vol.383 , pp. 250-253
    • Schumacher, A.1    Faust, C.2    Magnuson, T.3
  • 28
    • 0026762526 scopus 로고
    • Polycomb and polyhomeotic are constituents of a multimeric protein complex in chromatin of Drosophila melanogaster
    • Franke A, DeCamillis M, Zink D, Cheng N, Brock HW, Paro R: Polycomb and polyhomeotic are constituents of a multimeric protein complex in chromatin of Drosophila melanogaster. EMBO J 1992, 11:2941-2950.
    • (1992) EMBO J , vol.11 , pp. 2941-2950
    • Franke, A.1    DeCamillis, M.2    Zink, D.3    Cheng, N.4    Brock, H.W.5    Paro, R.6
  • 29
    • 0027538330 scopus 로고
    • Related chromosome binding sites for zeste, suppressors of zeste and Polycomb group proteins in Drosophila and their dependence on Enhancer of zeste function
    • Rastelli L, Chan CS, Pirrotta V: Related chromosome binding sites for zeste, suppressors of zeste and Polycomb group proteins in Drosophila and their dependence on Enhancer of zeste function. EMBO J 1993, 12:1513-1522.
    • (1993) EMBO J , vol.12 , pp. 1513-1522
    • Rastelli, L.1    Chan, C.S.2    Pirrotta, V.3
  • 30
    • 0027481925 scopus 로고
    • The Polycomb group gene Posterior Sex Combs encodes a chromosomal protein
    • Martin EC, Adler PN: The Polycomb group gene Posterior Sex Combs encodes a chromosomal protein. Development 1993, 117:641-655.
    • (1993) Development , vol.117 , pp. 641-655
    • Martin, E.C.1    Adler, P.N.2
  • 31
    • 0028088136 scopus 로고
    • Molecular characterisation of the Polycomblike gene of Drosophila melanogaster, a trans-acting negative regulator of homeotic gene expression
    • Lonie A, D'Andrea R, Paro R, Saint R: Molecular characterisation of the Polycomblike gene of Drosophila melanogaster, a trans-acting negative regulator of homeotic gene expression. Development 1994, 120:2629-2636.
    • (1994) Development , vol.120 , pp. 2629-2636
    • Lonie, A.1    D'Andrea, R.2    Paro, R.3    Saint, R.4
  • 32
    • 0028213501 scopus 로고
    • A role of polycomb group genes in the regulation of gap gene expression in Drosophila
    • Pelegri F, Lehmann R: A role of polycomb group genes in the regulation of gap gene expression in Drosophila. Genetics 1994, 136:1341-1353.
    • (1994) Genetics , vol.136 , pp. 1341-1353
    • Pelegri, F.1    Lehmann, R.2
  • 33
    • 0026701037 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of the functional role of the Polycomb chromo domain in Drosophila melanogaster
    • Messmer S, Franke A, Paro R: Analysis of the functional role of the Polycomb chromo domain in Drosophila melanogaster. Genes Dev 1992, 6:1241-1254.
    • (1992) Genes Dev , vol.6 , pp. 1241-1254
    • Messmer, S.1    Franke, A.2    Paro, R.3
  • 34
    • 0029157237 scopus 로고
    • Polycomb and bmi-1 homologs are expressed in overlapping patterns in Xenopus embryos and are able to interact with each other
    • Reijnen MJ, Hamer KM, Den Blaauwen JL, Lambrechts C, Schoneveld I, Van Driel R, Otte AP: Polycomb and bmi-1 homologs are expressed in overlapping patterns in Xenopus embryos and are able to interact with each other. Mech Dev 1995, 53:35-46. Xenopus Pc and bmi-1 homologues are expressed in the embryo in partially overlapping patterns. Pull-down experiments show that Pc interacts with its own amino-terminal and carboxy-terminal halves. The Pc amino-terminal region also interacts with the RING finger region of bmi-1.
    • (1995) Mech Dev , vol.53 , pp. 35-46
    • Reijnen, M.J.1    Hamer, K.M.2    Den Blaauwen, J.L.3    Lambrechts, C.4    Schoneveld, I.5    Van Driel, R.6    Otte, A.P.7
  • 35
    • 0028812044 scopus 로고
    • The chromo shadow domain, a second chromo domain in heterochromatin-binding protein HP1
    • Aasland R, Stewart AF: The chromo shadow domain, a second chromo domain in heterochromatin-binding protein HP1. Nucleic Acids Res 1995, 23:3168-3173.
    • (1995) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.23 , pp. 3168-3173
    • Aasland, R.1    Stewart, A.F.2
  • 36
    • 0029981192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vivo assay for protein-protein interactions using Drosophila chromosomes
    • ••]; the same HP1-Pc hybrid protein can also recruit Psc protein and the amino-terminal peptide of Su(z)2 to the centric heterochromatin. Inactivation of a temperature-sensitive E(z) causes the loss of PcG complexes but does not affect binding of HP1-Pc to heterochromatin. The hybrid protein can no longer recruit Psc or Pc, however, showing that E(z) is required for secondary recruitment.
    • (1996) Chromosoma , vol.104 , pp. 393-404
    • Platero, J.1    Sharp, E.J.2    Adler, P.N.3    Eissenberg, J.C.4
  • 37
    • 0027312789 scopus 로고
    • Polyhomeotic regulatory sequences induce developmental regulator-dependent variegation and targeted P-element insertions in Drosophila
    • Fauvarque M-O, Dura J-M: polyhomeotic regulatory sequences induce developmental regulator-dependent variegation and targeted P-element insertions in Drosophila. Genes Dev 1993, 7:1508-1520.
    • (1993) Genes Dev , vol.7 , pp. 1508-1520
    • Fauvarque, M.-O.1    Dura, J.-M.2
  • 38
    • 0028210606 scopus 로고
    • Unusual properties of regulatory DNa from the Drosophila engrailed gene: Three "pairing-sensitive" sites within a 1.6 kb region
    • Kassis JA: Unusual properties of regulatory DNA from the Drosophila engrailed gene: three "pairing-sensitive" sites within a 1.6 kb region. Genetics 1994, 136:1025-1038.
    • (1994) Genetics , vol.136 , pp. 1025-1038
    • Kassis, J.A.1
  • 39
    • 0028321783 scopus 로고
    • A Polycomb response element in the Ubx gene that determines an epigenetically inherited state of repression
    • Chan CS, Rastelli L, Pirrotta V: A Polycomb response element in the Ubx gene that determines an epigenetically inherited state of repression. EMBO J 1994, 13:2553-2564.
    • (1994) EMBO J , vol.13 , pp. 2553-2564
    • Chan, C.S.1    Rastelli, L.2    Pirrotta, V.3
  • 42
    • 0028985867 scopus 로고
    • Transcriptional silencing by the Polycomb protein in Drosophila embryos
    • Müller J: Transcriptional silencing by the Polycomb protein in Drosophila embryos. EMBO J 1995, 14:1209-1220. Pc fused to the GAL4 DNA-binding domain can silence a reporter gene containing GAL4-binding sites. The silencing requires other PcG genes, including esc, indicating that the targeted Pc recruits other PcG proteins, mimicking the behavior of a normal PRE. Repression caused by a pulse of GAL4-Pc is transient but, if a weak PRE is present, it can persist even after GAL4-Pc is no longer there.
    • (1995) EMBO J , vol.14 , pp. 1209-1220
    • Müller, J.1
  • 43
    • 0026639922 scopus 로고
    • Segmental determination in Drosophila conferred by hunchback, a direct repressor of the homeotic gene Ultrabithorax
    • Zhang C-C, Bienz M: Segmental determination in Drosophila conferred by hunchback, a direct repressor of the homeotic gene Ultrabithorax. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1992, 89:7511-7515.
    • (1992) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.89 , pp. 7511-7515
    • Zhang, C.-C.1    Bienz, M.2
  • 44
    • 0029790427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hunchback-independent silencing of late Ubx enhancers by a Polycomb Group Response Element
    • Poux S, Kostic C, Pirrotta V: Hunchback-independent silencing of late Ubx enhancers by a Polycomb Group Response Element. EMBO J 1996, 15:4713-4722. The effect of the PRE in silencing different Ubx enhancers depends on when they are activated. Enhancers activated in the early embryo are maintained in repression by the PRE in parts of the embryo where they were not initially activated. Enhancers activated after the PcG complex is formed are silenced in all parts of the embryo, even where hunchback is not expressed. However, when early and late enhancers are combined, the activity of the early enhancer protects the late enhancer from silencing.
    • (1996) EMBO J , vol.15 , pp. 4713-4722
    • Poux, S.1    Kostic, C.2    Pirrotta, V.3
  • 45
    • 0028485216 scopus 로고
    • White gene expression, repressive chromatin domains and homeotic gene regulation
    • Pirrotta V, Rastelli L: white gene expression, repressive chromatin domains and homeotic gene regulation. Bioessays 1994, 16:549-556.
    • (1994) Bioessays , vol.16 , pp. 549-556
    • Pirrotta, V.1    Rastelli, L.2
  • 46
    • 0027139910 scopus 로고
    • Mapping Polycomb-repressed domains in the bithorax complex using in vivo formaldehyde cross-linked chromatin
    • Orlando V, Paro R: Mapping Polycomb-repressed domains in the bithorax complex using in vivo formaldehyde cross-linked chromatin. Cell 1993, 75:1187-1198.
    • (1993) Cell , vol.75 , pp. 1187-1198
    • Orlando, V.1    Paro, R.2
  • 47
    • 0025946527 scopus 로고
    • Long range repression conferring boundaries of Ultrabithorax expression in the Drosophila embryo
    • Müller J, Bienz M: Long range repression conferring boundaries of Ultrabithorax expression in the Drosophila embryo. EMBO J 1991, 10:3147-3155.
    • (1991) EMBO J , vol.10 , pp. 3147-3155
    • Müller, J.1    Bienz, M.2
  • 48
    • 0029937208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic modification of heterochromatic association and nuclear organization in Drosophila
    • D gene causes it to associate with centric heterochromatin. Su(var) mutations that decrease PEV also decrease this association. The authors suggest that heterochromatin complexes play an important role in nuclear organization and the positioning of chromosome regions.
    • (1996) Nature , vol.381 , pp. 529-531
    • Csink, A.K.1    Henikoff, S.2
  • 50
    • 0028260976 scopus 로고
    • Overcoming telomeric silencing: A trans-activator competes to establish gene expression in a cell cycle-dependent way
    • Aparicio OM, Gottschling DE: Overcoming telomeric silencing: a trans-activator competes to establish gene expression in a cell cycle-dependent way. Genes Dev 1994, 8:1133-1146.
    • (1994) Genes Dev , vol.8 , pp. 1133-1146
    • Aparicio, O.M.1    De Gottschling2
  • 51
    • 0028788045 scopus 로고
    • Drosophila Polycomb-group regulated chromatin inhibits the accessibility of a trans-activator to its target DNA
    • Zink D, Paro R: Drosophila Polycomb-group regulated chromatin inhibits the accessibility of a trans-activator to its target DNA. EMBO J 1995, 14:5660-5671. The insertion of a transposon construct containing a PRE and a GAL4-activated reporter gene produces a new Pc-binding site on polytene chromosomes. The binding of Pc to this site is in competition with the binding of GAL4. When GAL4 is strongly induced, GAL4 binding at that site appears and Pc binding disappears without DNA replication or cell cycle progress.
    • (1995) EMBO J , vol.14 , pp. 5660-5671
    • Zink, D.1    Paro, R.2
  • 52
    • 0026552380 scopus 로고
    • Telomere-proximal DNA in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is refractory to methyltransferase activity in vivo
    • Gottschling DE: Telomere-proximal DNA in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is refractory to methyltransferase activity in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1992, 89:4062-4065.
    • (1992) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.89 , pp. 4062-4065
    • Gottschling, D.E.1
  • 53
    • 0028304836 scopus 로고
    • Silencers and domains of generalized repression
    • Loo S, Rine J: Silencers and domains of generalized repression. Science 1994, 264:1768-1771.
    • (1994) Science , vol.264 , pp. 1768-1771
    • Loo, S.1    Rine, J.2
  • 54
    • 0029066360 scopus 로고
    • Position effect variegation in Drosophila is associated with an altered chromatin structure
    • Wallrath LL, Elgin SCR: Position effect variegation in Drosophila is associated with an altered chromatin structure. Genes Dev 1995, 9:1263-1277.
    • (1995) Genes Dev , vol.9 , pp. 1263-1277
    • Wallrath, L.L.1    Elgin, S.C.R.2
  • 55
    • 0028304615 scopus 로고
    • Gene inactivation in Drosophila mediated by the Polycomb gene product or by position-effect variegation does not involve major changes in the accessibility of the chromatin fibre
    • Schlossherr J, Eggert H, Paro R, Cremer S, Hack RS: Gene inactivation in Drosophila mediated by the Polycomb gene product or by position-effect variegation does not involve major changes in the accessibility of the chromatin fibre. Mol Gen Gener 1994, 243:453-465.
    • (1994) Mol Gen Gener , vol.243 , pp. 453-465
    • Schlossherr, J.1    Eggert, H.2    Paro, R.3    Cremer, S.4    Hack, R.S.5
  • 56
    • 0030024356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Probes for chromatin accessibility in the Drosophila bithorax complex respond differently to Polycomb-mediated repression
    • McCall K, Bender W: Probes for chromatin accessibility in the Drosophila bithorax complex respond differently to Polycomb-mediated repression. EMBO J 1996, 15:559-590. A comparison of the activity of a GAL4-activated promoter or of a phage T7 promoter introduced within the Ubx gene. Although GAL4 activation occurs in the early embryo, it is later blocked by PcG silencing. T7 polymerase is inhibited by nucleosomes but is not specifically repressed by PcG silencing. These findings contradict the simple block to accessibility by PcG proteins coating the chromatin.
    • (1996) EMBO J , vol.15 , pp. 559-590
    • McCall, K.1    Bender, W.2
  • 57
    • 0028131434 scopus 로고
    • Transcriptional repression directed by the yeast α2 protein in vitro
    • Herschbach BM, Arnaud MB, Johnson AD: Transcriptional repression directed by the yeast α2 protein in vitro. Nature 1994, 370:309-311.
    • (1994) Nature , vol.370 , pp. 309-311
    • Herschbach, B.M.1    Arnaud, M.B.2    Johnson, A.D.3
  • 58
    • 0030003051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Repression domain of the yeast global repressor Tup1 interacts directly with histones H3 and H4
    • Edmondson DG, Smith MM, Roth SY: Repression domain of the yeast global repressor Tup1 interacts directly with histones H3 and H4. Genes Dev 1996, 10:1247-1259. Tup1 interacts in vitro with histonss H3 and H4. The interaction requires underacetylated histone amino-terminal tails and the Tup1 repression domain. This may provide a basis for the positioning of an array of nucleosomes that would prevent the access of the transcriptional machinery.
    • (1996) Genes Dev , vol.10 , pp. 1247-1259
    • Edmondson, D.G.1    Smith, M.M.2    Roth, S.Y.3
  • 59
    • 0028264386 scopus 로고
    • The global transcriptional regulators, SSN6 and TUP1, play distinct roles in the establishment of a repressive chromatin structure
    • Cooper JP, Roth SY, Simpson RT: The global transcriptional regulators, SSN6 and TUP1, play distinct roles in the establishment of a repressive chromatin structure. Genes Dev 1994, 8:1400-1410.
    • (1994) Genes Dev , vol.8 , pp. 1400-1410
    • Cooper, J.P.1    Roth, S.Y.2    Simpson, R.T.3
  • 60
    • 0027431478 scopus 로고
    • Topography of the histone octamer surface: Repeating structural motifs utilized in the docking of nucleosomal DNA
    • Arents G, Moudrianakis EN: Topography of the histone octamer surface: repeating structural motifs utilized in the docking of nucleosomal DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1993, 90:10469-10493.
    • (1993) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.90 , pp. 10469-10493
    • Arents, G.1    Moudrianakis, E.N.2
  • 61
    • 0026566417 scopus 로고
    • Histone H4 isoforms acetylated at specific lysine residues define individual chromosomes and chromatin domains in Drosophila polytene nuclei
    • Turner BM, Birley AJ, Lavender J: Histone H4 isoforms acetylated at specific lysine residues define individual chromosomes and chromatin domains in Drosophila polytene nuclei. Cell 1992, 69:375-384.
    • (1992) Cell , vol.69 , pp. 375-384
    • Turner, B.M.1    Birley, A.J.2    Lavender, J.3
  • 62
    • 0029953722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficient transcriptional silencing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae requires heterochromatin histone acetylation pattern
    • Braunstein M, Sobel RE, Allis CD, Turner BM, Broach JR. Efficient transcriptional silencing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae requires heterochromatin histone acetylation pattern. Mol Cell Biol 1996, 16:4349-4356.
    • (1996) Mol Cell Biol , vol.16 , pp. 4349-4356
    • Braunstein, M.1    Sobel, R.E.2    Allis, C.D.3    Turner, B.M.4    Broach, J.R.5
  • 63
    • 0029856225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HDA1 and RPD3 are members of distinct yeast histone deacetylase complexes that regulate silencing and transcription
    • Rundlett SE, Carmen AA, Kobayashi R, Bavykin S, Turner BM, Grunstein M: HDA1 and RPD3 are members of distinct yeast histone deacetylase complexes that regulate silencing and transcription. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1996, 93:14503-14508.
    • (1996) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.93 , pp. 14503-14508
    • Rundlett, S.E.1    Carmen, A.A.2    Kobayashi, R.3    Bavykin, S.4    Turner, B.M.5    Grunstein, M.6
  • 64
    • 0029805633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The histone deacetylase RPD3 counteracts genomic silencing in Drosophila and yeast
    • De Rubertis F, Kadosh D, Henchoz S, Pauli D, Reuter G, Spierer P: The histone deacetylase RPD3 counteracts genomic silencing in Drosophila and yeast. Nature 1996, 384:589-591.
    • (1996) Nature , vol.384 , pp. 589-591
    • De Rubertis, F.1    Kadosh, D.2    Henchoz, S.3    Pauli, D.4    Reuter, G.5    Spierer, P.6
  • 65
    • 0028847955 scopus 로고
    • Conservation of deposition-related acetylation sites in newly synthesized histones H3 and H4
    • Sobel RE, Cook RG, Perry CA, Annunziato AT, Allis CD: Conservation of deposition-related acetylation sites in newly synthesized histones H3 and H4. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1995, 92:1237-1241.
    • (1995) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.92 , pp. 1237-1241
    • Sobel, R.E.1    Cook, R.G.2    Perry, C.A.3    Annunziato, A.T.4    Allis, C.D.5
  • 66
    • 0030598895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A deubiquinating enzyme interacts with SIR4 and regulates silencing in S. cerevisiae
    • Moazed D, Johnson AD: A deubiquinating enzyme interacts with SIR4 and regulates silencing in S. cerevisiae. Cell 1996, 86:667-677. The authors of this paper identify one of the components of the Sir complex as UBP3, a deubiquitination enzyme. Loss of UBP3 function improves silencing. Histones H2A and H2B are major ubiquitinated proteins in the nucleus. Together with [64], this paper suggests that ubiquitination, probably of these histones, normally contributes to assembly of the silencing complex.
    • (1996) Cell , vol.86 , pp. 667-677
    • Moazed, D.1    Johnson, A.D.2
  • 67
    • 0029791553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The dose of a putative ubiquitin-specific protease affects position-effect variegation in Drosophila melanogaster
    • Henchoz S, De Rubertis F, Pauli D, Spierer P: The dose of a putative ubiquitin-specific protease affects position-effect variegation in Drosophila melanogaster. Mol Cell Biol 1996, 16:5717-5725.
    • (1996) Mol Cell Biol , vol.16 , pp. 5717-5725
    • Henchoz, S.1    De Rubertis, F.2    Pauli, D.3    Spierer, P.4
  • 68
    • 0028408190 scopus 로고
    • The RADS repair pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: What does it do, and how does it do it?
    • Lawrence C: The RADS repair pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: what does it do, and how does it do it? Bioessays 1994, 16:253-258.
    • (1994) Bioessays , vol.16 , pp. 253-258
    • Lawrence, C.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.