Regulation of glucose utilization in yeast

Current Opinion in Genetics and Development

Volumn 8, Issue 5, 1998, Pages 560-564

  Carlson, Marian ^a  

^a Och Spine at New York Presbyterian Hospitals   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CARRIER PROTEIN; GLUCOSE; GLUCOSE TRANSPORTER; PROTEIN KINASE;

GENE INDUCTION; GLUCOSE UTILIZATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SENSOR; YEAST;

EUKARYOTA;

EID: 0032190608     PISSN: 0959437X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0959-437X(98)80011-7     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Ronne H. Glucose repression in fungi. Trends Genet. 11:1995;12-17.
2. Gancedo JM. Yeast carbon catabolite repression. of special interest Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 62:1998;334-361 A comprehensive review.
3. Kruckeberg AL. The hexose transporter family of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Arch Microbiol. 166:1996;283-292.
4. Boles E, Hollenberg CP. The molecular genetics of hexose transport in yeasts. FEMS Microbiol Rev. 21:1997;85-111.
5. Ozcan S, Dover J, Rosenwald AG, Wolfl S, Johnston M. Two glucose transporters in Saccharomyces cerevisiae are glucose sensors that generate a signal for induction of gene expression. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 93:1996;12428-12432.
6. Liang H, Gaber RF. A novel signal transduction pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae defined by Snf3-regulated expression of HXT6. Mol Biol Cell. 16:1996;1953-1966.
7. Coons DM, Vagnoli P, Bisson LF. The C-terminal domain of Snf3p is sufficient to complement the growth defect of snf3 null mutations in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: SNF3 functions in glucose recognition. Yeast. 13:1997;9-20.
8. Vagnoli P, Coons DM, Bisson LF. The C-terminal domain of Snf3p mediates glucose-responsive signal transduction in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 160:1998;31-36.
9. Ozcan S, Dover J, Johnston M. Glucose sensing and signaling by two glucose receptors in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. of special interest EMBO J. 17:1998;2566-2573 This paper presents further evidence that the Snf3 and Rgt2 transporter-like proteins play signaling roles in the pathway for glucose induction of HXT genes. These proteins differ from other transporters in having long carboxy-terminal tails, and transfer of the Snf3 tail to the Hxt1 or Hxt2 transporter confers signaling capability to the chimeric protein.
10. Ozcan S, Leong T, Johnston M. Rgt1p of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a key regulator of glucose-induced genes, is both an activator and a repressor or transcription. Mol Cell Biol. 16:1996;6419-6426.
11. Ozcan S, Johnston M. Two different repressors collaborate to restrict expression of the yeast glucose transporter genes HXT2 and HXT4 to low levels of glucose. Mol Cell Biol. 16:1996;5536-5545.
12. Li FN, Johnston M. Grr1 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is connected to the ubiquitin proteolysis machinery through Skp 1: coupling glucose sensing to gene expression and the cell cycle. of special interest EMBO J. 16:1997;5629-5638 Mutations in GRR1 affect glucose induction of HXT genes, the general glucose repression mechanism, and various other cellular processes. This paper presents evidence that Grr1 interacts with the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme complex, suggesting that its regulatory effects are mediated by protein degradation.
13. Ozcan S, Vallier LG, Flick JS, Carlson M, Johnston M. Expression of the SUC2 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is induced by low levels of glucose. Yeast. 13:1997;127-137.
14. Reifenberger E, Boles E, Ciriacy M. Kinetic characterization of individual hexose transporters of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and their relation to the triggering mechanisms of glucose repression. Eur J Biochem. 245:1997;324-333.
15. Jiang H, Medintz I, Michels CA. Two glucose sensing/signaling pathways stimulate glucose-induced inactivation of maltose permease in Saccharomyces. Mol Biol Cell. 8:1997;1293-1304.
16. Wilson WA, Hawley SA, Hardie DG. Glucose repression/derepression in budding yeast: SNF1 protein kinase is activated by phosphorylation under derepressing conditions, and this correlates with a high AMP:ATP ratio. Curr Biol. 6:1996;1426-1434.
17. Teusink B, Diderich JA, Westerhoff HV, van Dam K, Walsh MC. Intracellular glucose concentration in derepressed yeast cells consuming glucose is high enough to reduce the glucose transport rate by 50%. J Bacteriol. 180:1998;556-562.
18. Celenza JL, Carlson M. A yeast gene that is essential for release from glucose repression encodes a protein kinase. Science. 233:1986;1175-1180.
19. Hardie DG, Carling D, Carlson M. The AMP-activated/SNF1 protein kinase subfamily: metabolic sensors of the eukaryotic cell? of special interest Annu Rev Biochem. 67:1998;821-855 A review of the structure, function, and regulation of these protein kinases in mammals, plants and yeast.
20. Woods A, Munday MR, Scott J, Yang X, Carlson M, Carling D. Yeast SNF1 is functionally related to mammalian AMP-activated protein kinase and regulates acetyl-CoA carboxylase in vivo. J Biol Chem. 269:1994;19509-19516.
21. Mitchelhill KI, Stapleton D, Gao G, House C, Mitchell B, Katsis F, Witters LA, Kemp BE. Mammalian AMP-activated protein kinase shares structural and functional homology with the catalytic domain of yeast Snf1 protein kinase. J Biol Chem. 269:1994;2361-2364.
22. Bateman A. The structure of a domain common to archaebacteria and the homocystinuria disease protein. Trends Biochem Sci. 22:1997;12-13.
23. Yang X, Hubbard EJA, Carlson M. A protein kinase substrate identified by the two-hybrid system. Science. 257:1992;680-682.
24. Erickson JR, Johnston M. Genetic and molecular characterization of GAL83: its interaction and similarities with other genes involved in glucose repression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genetics. 135:1993;655-664.
25. Yang X, Jiang R, Carlson M. A family of proteins containing a conserved domain that mediates interaction with the yeast SNF1 protein kinase complex. EMBO J. 13:1994;5878-5886.
26. Jiang R, Carlson M. The Snf1 protein kinase and its activating subunit, Snf4, interact with distinct domains of the Sip1/Sip2/Gal83 component in the kinase complex. of special interest Mol Cell Biol. 17:1997;2099-2106 This paper shows that the Sip1, Sip2 and Gal83 proteins serve a scaffolding function in the Snf1 kinase complex, maintaining the association of Snf1 and Snf4.
27. Jiang R, Carlson M. Glucose regulates protein interactions within the yeast SNF1 protein kinase complex. Genes Dev. 10:1996;3105-3115.
28. Estruch F, Treitel MA, Yang X, Carlson M. N-terminal mutations modulate yeast SNF1 protein kinase function. Genetics. 132:1992;639-650.
29. Ludin K, Jiang R, Carlson M. Glucose-regulated interaction of a regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 1 with the Snf1 protein kinase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. of special interest Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 95:1998;6245-6250 This paper uses the two-hybrid system to show that Reg1, a regulatory subunit that directs the participation of PP1 in the glucose repression mechanism, interacts with the catalytic domain of Snf1 when the kinase is activated. These findings, together with previous genetic evidence, indicate that PP1 has a direct role in modulating protein interactions within the kinase complex.
30. Tu J, Carlson M. REG1 binds to protein phosphatase type 1 and regulates glucose repression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. EMBO J. 14:1995;5939-5946.
31. Sherwood PW, Carlson M. Mutations in GSF1 and GSF2 alter glucose signaling in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genetics. 147:1997;557-566.
32. Nehlin JO, Ronne H. Yeast MIG1 repressor is related to the mammalian early growth response and Wilms' tumour finger proteins. EMBO J. 9:1990;2891-2898.
33. Klein CJL, Olsson L, Nielsen J. Glucose control in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: the role of MIG1 in metabolic functions. Microbiol. 144:1998;13-24.
34. Treitel MA, Carlson M. Repression by SSN6-TUP1 is directed by MIG1, a repressor/activator protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 92:1995;3132-3136.
35. Tzamarias D, Struhl K. Distinct TPR motifs of Cyc8 are involved in recruiting the Cyc8-Tup1 corepressor complex to differentially regulated promoters. Genes Dev. 9:1995;821-831.
36. Wang J, Sirenko O, Needleman R. Genomic footprinting of Mig1p in the MAL62 promoter. J Biol Chem. 272:1997;4613-4622.
37. Bu Y, Schmidt MC. Identification of cis-acting elements in the SUC2 promoter of Saccharomyces cerevisiae required for activation of transcription. Nucleic Acids Res. 26:1998;1002-1009.
38. DeVit MJ, Waddle JA, Johnston M. Regulated nuclear translocation of the Mig1 glucose repressor. of special interest Mol Biol Cell. 8:1997;1603-1618 Green fluorescent protein was fused to Mig1 in this study to monitor the regulation of its subcellular localization by glucose. MigI is rapidly imported into the nucleus upon addition of glucose and transported back to the cytoplasm upon removal of glucose. Regulated nuclear localization requires the Snf1 kinase and correlates temporally with the differential phosphorylation of Mig1 that occurs in response to changes in glucose levels.
39. Ostling J, Ronne H. Negative control of the Mig1p repressor by Snf1p-dependent phosphorylation in the absence of glucose. of special interest Eur J Biochem. 252:1998;162-168 Evidence that the Snf1 kinase is responsible for phosphorylation of Mig1. A Mig1-VP16 fusion protein was used to identify target sites for phosphorylation that mediate Snf1-dependent inhibition of Mig1 activity when glucose is limiting.
40. Treitel MA, Kuchin S, Carlson M. Snf1 protein kinase regulates phosphorylation of the Mig1 repressor in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. of special interest Mol Cell Biol. 18:1998; Genetic and biochemical evidence that the Snf1 kinase phosphorylates specific sites in Mig1 in response to glucose limitation.
41. 6 zinc cluster transcriptional activator: a new role for SNF1 in the glucose response. Mol Cell Biol. 16:1996;1921-1928.
42. Hedges D, Proft M, Entian K-D. CAT8, a new zinc cluster-encoding gene necessary for derepression of gluconeogenic enzymes in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol. 15:1995;1915-1922.
43. Rahner A, Scholer A, Martens E, Gollwitzer B, Schuller H-J. Dual influence of the yeast Cat1p (Snf1p) protein kinase on carbon source-dependent transcriptional activation of gluconeogenic genes by the regulatory gene CAT8. Nucleic Acids Res. 24:1996;2331-2337.
44. Randez-Gil F, Bojunga N, Proft M, Entian K-D. Glucose derepression of gluconeogenic enzymes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae correlates with phosphorylation of the gene activator Cat8p. of special interest Mol Cell Biol. 17:1997;2502-2510 Evidence that the Snf1 kinase controls function of the Cat8 activator, and is required for appearance of the most extensively phosphorylated form of Cat8 in derepressed cells. The occurrence of this form was shown to correlate with derepression of gluconeogenic gene expression. Related experiments are reported in [41,43].
45. DeRisi JL, Iyer VR, Brown PO. Exploring the metabolic and genetic control of gene expression on a genomic scale. of outstanding interest Science. 278:1997;680-686 The first use of DNA microarrays to analyze gene expression during the diauxic shift. Changes in expression of genes with known metabolic functions correlate with the metabolic changes that accompany the shift from fermentation to respiration. The similar expression profiles observed for functionally related genes reflect the regulatory mechanisms responsible for adaptation to changing glucose levels.