Belief-desire reasoning as a process of selection

Cognitive Psychology

Volumn 50, Issue 1, 2005, Pages 45-85

  Leslie, Alan M ^a   German, Tim P ^b   Polizzi, Pamela ^a  

^a RUTGERS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Belief desire reasoning theory of mind development inhibition domain specificity

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY; DECISION MAKING; HUMAN; INHIBITION (PSYCHOLOGY); LEARNING; PERCEPTION;

CHOICE BEHAVIOR; CULTURE; DECISION MAKING; HUMANS; INHIBITION (PSYCHOLOGY); LEARNING; SOCIAL PERCEPTION;

EID: 8744232242     PISSN: 00100285     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.cogpsych.2004.06.002     Document Type: Article

References (68)

1. J.W. Astington A. Gopnik Theoretical explanations of children's understanding of the mind British Journal of Develolpmental Psychology 9 1991 7-31
2. S. Baron-Cohen Mindblindness: An essay on autism and theory of mind 1995 MIT Press Cambridge, MA
3. S. Baron-Cohen A.M. Leslie U. Frith Does the autistic child have a "theory of mind"? Cognition 21 1985 37-46
4. K. Bartsch H.M. Wellman Children talk about the mind 1995 Oxford university press
5. P. Bloom T.P. German Two reasons to abandon the false-belief task as a test of theory of mind Cognition 77 2000 B25-B31
6. M.S. Carlson L.J. Moses Individual differences in inhibitory control and children's theory of mind Child Development 72 2001 1032-1053
7. S.M. Carlson L.J. Moses H.R. Hix The role of inhibitory processes in young children's difficulties with deception and false-belief Child Development 69 1998 672-691
8. S.M. Carlson L.J. Moses C. Breton How specific is the relation between executive function and theory of mind? Contributions of inhibitory control and working memory Infant and Child Development 11 2002 73-92
9. K.W. Cassidy Three- and 4-year-old children's ability to use desire-and belief- based reasoning Cognition 66 1998 B1-B11
10. N.A. Chomsky Syntactic structures 1957 Mouton The Hague
11. N.A. Chomsky Reflections on language 1975 Pantheon New York, NY
12. W.A. Clements J. Perner Implicit understanding of belief Cognitive Development 9 1994 377-395
13. H.L. Davis C. Pratt The development of children's theory of mind: The working memory explanation Australian Journal of Psychology 47 1995 25-31
14. J.G. DeVilliers P.A. DeVilliers Linguistic determinism and the understanding of false beliefs In: P. Mitchell & K.J. Riggs (Eds.) Children's reasoning and the mind 2000 Psychology Press Ltd Hove, UK 191-228
15. C. Fine J. Lumsden R.J.R. Blair Dissociations between 'theory of mind' and executive functions in a patient with early left amygdala damage Brain 124 2001 287-298
16. J.A. Fodor A theory of the child's theory of mind Cognition 44 1992 283-296
17. J.A. Fodor Concepts: Where cognitive science went wrong 1998 Clarendon Press Oxford
18. C.D. Frith U. Frith Interacting minds - A biological basis Science 286 1999 1692-1695
19. U. Frith J. Morton A.M. Leslie The cognitive basis of a biological disorder: Autism Trends in Neurosciences 14 1991 433-438
20. D. Frye P.D. Zelazo T. Palfai Theory of mind and rule-based reasoning Cognitive Development 10 1995 483-527
21. H.L. Gallagher C.D. Frith Functional imaging of 'theory of mind' Trends in Cognitive Sciences 7 2003 77-83
22. W.A. Garnham T. Ruffman Doesn't see, doesn't know: Is anticipatory looking really related to understanding of belief? Developmental Science 4 2001 94-100
23. T.P. German A.M. Leslie Attending to and learning about mental states In: P. Mitchell & K.J. Riggs (Eds.) Reasoning and the mind 2000 Psychology Press Hove, East Sussex 229-252
24. T.P. German A.M. Leslie Children's inferences from 'knowing' to 'pretending' and 'believing' British Journal of Developmental Psychology 19 2001 59-83
25. T.P. German S. Nichols Children's inferences about long and short causal chains Developmental Science 6 2003 514-523
26. P.S. Goldman-Rakic Development of cortical circuitry and cognitive function Child Development 58 1988 601-622
27. P.S. Goldman-Rakic The prefrontal landscape: Implications of functional architecture for understanding human mentation and the central executive In: A. Roberts & T.W. Robbins (Eds.) The prefrontal cortex: Executive and cognitive functions 1996 Oxford Unversity Press London 87-102
28. A. Gopnik How we know our minds: The illusion of first-person knowledge of intentionality Behavioral and Brain Sciences 16 1993 1-14
29. A.C.L. Gordon D.R. Olson The relation between acquisition of a theory of mind and the capacity to hold in mind Journal of Experimental Child Psychology 68 1998 70-83
30. C.M. Hale H. Tager-Flusberg The influence of language on theory of mind a training study Developmental Science 6 2003 346-359
31. A.M. Leslie Getting development off the ground: Modularity and the infant's perception of causality In: P. van Geert (Ed.) Theory building in development 1986 North Holland Dordrecht 405-437
32. A.M. Leslie Pretense and representation: The origins of theory of mind Psychological Review 94 1987 412-426
33. A.M. Leslie The theory of mind impairment in autism: Evidence for a modular mechanism of development? In: A. Whiten (Ed.) Natural theories of mind: Evolution, development and simulation of everyday mindreading 1991 Blackwell Oxford 63-78
34. Leslie, A. M. (1992). Pretense, Autism, and the Theory of Mind module. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 1, 18-21. (Reprinted in R.P. Honeck (Ed.), Introductory Readings for Cognitive Psychology, 3rd edition, Guilford, CT: Dushkin/McGraw-Hill, 1997)
35. Leslie A.M. (1994). Pretending and believing: Issues in the theory of ToMM. Cognition, 50, 211-238. (Reprinted in J. Mehler & S. Franck (Eds.), COGNITION on cognition, pp. 193-220, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1995)
36. A.M. Leslie ToMM, ToBy, and Agency: Core architecture and domain specificity In: L. Hirschfeld & S. Gelman (Eds.) Mapping the mind: Domain specificity in cognition and culture 1994 Cambridge University Press New York 119-148
37. A.M. Leslie How to acquire a representational theory of mind In: D. Sperber (Ed.) Metarepresentations: A multidisciplinary perspective 2000 Oxford University Press Oxford 197-223
38. Leslie A.M. (2000). 'Theory of mind' as a mechanism of selective attention. In M. Gazzaniga (Ed.), The new cognitive neurosciences, (2nd ed., 1235-1247). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press
39. A.M. Leslie S. Keeble Do six-month-old infants perceive causality? Cognition 25 1987 265-288
40. A.M. Leslie P. Polizzi Inhibitory processing in the false-belief task: Two conjectures Developmental Science 1 1998 247-254
41. A.M. Leslie D. Roth What autism teaches us about metarepresentation In: S. Baron-Cohen H. Tager-Flusberg & D. Cohen (Eds.) Understanding other minds: Perspectives from autism 1993 Oxford University Press Oxford 83-111
42. A.M. Leslie L. Thaiss Domain specificity in conceptual development: Neuropsychological evidence from autism Cognition 43 1992 225-251
43. P. Mitchell Realism and early conception of mind: A synthesis of phylogenetic and ontogenetic issues In: C. Lewis & P. Mitchell (Eds.) Children's early understanding of mind 1994 Cambridge University Press New York 141-172
44. A. Miyake N.P. Friedman M.J. Emerson A.H. Witzki A. Howerter T.D. Wager The unity and diversity of executive functions and their contributions to complex "frontal lobe" tasks: A latent variable analysis Cognitive Psychology 41 2000 49-100
45. L.J. Moses Executive accounts of theory of mind development Child Development 72 2001 688-690
46. Onishi K. Baillargeon R. (2004). False-belief understanding in infancy. Paper presented at symposium on Non-verbal measures of theory of mind, Biennial International Conference on Infant Studies, Chicago, IL, May 2004
47. J. Perner Understanding the representational mind 1991 MIT Press Cambridge, MA
48. J. Perner The many faces of belief: Reflections on Fodor's and the child's theory of mind Cognition 57 1995 241-269
49. J. Perner B. Lang Development of theory of mind and executive control Trends in Cognitive Science 3 1999 337-344
50. J. Perner S.R. Leekam H. Wimmer Three-year-olds' diffculty with false belief: The case for a conceptual deficit British Journal of Developmental Psychology 5 1987 125-137
51. J. Perner H. Wimmer "John thinks that Mary thinks that...": Attribution of second-order false beliefs by 5-to 10-year-old children Journal of Exprimental Child Psychology 39 1985 437-471
52. M.I. Posner Y. Cohen Components of visual orienting In: H. Bouma & D.G. Bouwhuis (Eds.) Attention and performance, X 1984 Erlbaum Hillsdale, NJ 531-556
53. R. Rafal A. Henik The neurology of inhibition: Integrating controlled and automatic processes In: D. Dagenbach & T.H. Carr (Eds.) Inhibitory processes in attention, memory and language 1994 Academic Press New York 1-51
54. J.T.E. Richardson Variants of chi-square for 2 × 2 contingency tables British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology 43 1990 309-326
55. K.J. Riggs P. Mitchell Making judgements about mental states: Processes and inferences In: P. Mitchell & K.J. Riggs (Eds.) Children's reasoning and the mind 2000 Psychology Press Hove, East Sussex 1-10
56. D. Roth A.M. Leslie Solving belief problems: Toward a task analysis Cognition 66 1998 1-31
57. J. Russell N. Mauthner S. Sharpe T. Tidswell The 'windows task' as a measure of strategic deception in preschoolers and autistic subjects British Journal of Developmental Psychology 9 1991 331-349
58. J. Russell R. Saltmarsh E. Hill What do executive factors contribute to the failure of false-belief tasks by children with autism? Journal of Child Psychiatry and Psychology 40 1999 859-868
59. B.J. Scholl A.M. Leslie Modularity, development and 'theory of mind' Mind and Language 14 1999 131-153
60. B.J. Scholl A.M. Leslie Minds, modules, and meta-analysis Child Development 72 2001 696-701
61. T. Shallice P. Burgess Higher-order cognitive impairments and frontal lobe lesions in man In: H.S. Levin H.M. Eisenberg & A.L. Benton (Eds.) Frontal lobe function and dysfucntion 1991 Oxford University Press Oxford 125-138
62. M. Siegal K. Beattie Where to look first for children's knowledge of false beliefs Cognition 38 1991 1-12
63. H.A. Simon Rational choice and the structure of the environment Psychological Review 63 1956 129-138
64. V.E. Stone S. Baron-Cohen A. Calder J. Keane A. Young Acquired theory of mind impairments in individuals with bilateral amygdala impairments Neuropsychologia 41 2003 209-220
65. L. Surian A.M. Leslie Competence and performance in false-belief understanding: A comparison of autistic and 3-year-old children British Journal of Developmental Psychology 17 1999 141-155
66. R. Varley M. Siegal S.C. Want Severe impairment in grammar does not preclude theory of mind Neurocase 7 2001 489-493
67. H.M. Wellman D. Cross J. Watson Meta-analysis of theory mind development: The truth about false-belief Child Development 72 2001 655-684
68. H. Wimmer J. Perner Beliefs about beliefs: Representation and constraining function of wrong beliefs in young children's understanding of deception Cognition 13 1983 103-128