Approach-Avoidance Goals and Well-Being: One Size Does Not Fit All

Handbook of Approach and Avoidance Motivation

Volumn , Issue , 2013, Pages 415-428

  Tamir, Maya ^a   Diener, Ed ^b  

^a BOSTON COLLEGE   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA CHAMPAIGN   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 85145860114     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.4324/9780203888148-52     Document Type: Chapter

References (85)

1. Ajzen, I. (1985). From intentions to actions: A theory of planned behavior. In J. Kuhl & J. Beckman (Eds.), Action control: From cognition to behavior (pp. 11-39). Berlin:Springer-Verlag.
2. Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review, 84, 191-215.
3. Brunstein, J. C. (1993). Personal goals and subjective wellbeing:A longitudinal study. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65, 1061-1070.
4. Brunstein, J. C., Schultheiss, O. C., & Grassman, R. (1998). Personal goals and emotional well-being: The moderating role of motive dispositions. Journal of Personality and SocialPsychology, 75, 494-508.
5. Brunstein, J. C., Schultheiss, O. C., & Maier, G. W. (1999). The pursuit of personal goals: A motivational approach to well-being and life adjustment. In J. Brandtstadter & R. M. Lerner (Eds.), Action and self-development: Theory and research through the life span (pp. 169-196). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
6. Cantor, N. (1990). From thought to behavior: “having” and “doing” in the study of personality and cognition. American Psychologist, 45, 735-750.
7. Cantor, N., & Sanderson, C. A. (1999). Life task participation and well-being: The importance of taking part in daily life. In D. Kahneman, E. Diener, & N. Schwarz (Eds.), Well-being: The foundations of hedonic psychology (pp. 230-243). New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
8. Cantor, N., Norem, J., Langston, C., Zirkel, S., Fleeson, W., & Cook-Flannagan, C. (1991). Life tasks and daily life experience. Journal of Personality, 59, 425-451.
9. Carver, C. S. (2001). Affect and the functional bases of behavior:On the dimensional structure of affective experience. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 5, 345-356.
10. Carver, C. S. (2004). Negative affects deriving from the behavioral approach system. Emotion, 4, 3-22.
11. Carver, C. S., Avivi, Y. E., & Laurenceau, J.-P. Approach, avoidance, and emotional experiences. In A. J. Elliot (Ed.), Handbook of approach and avoidance motivation. (pp. 385-398). Boca Raton, Florida: Taylor & Francis.
12. Carver, C. S., & Scheier, M. (1990). Principles of self-regulation:Action and emotion. New York: Guilford Press.
13. Carver, C. S., & Scheier, M. F. (1998). On the self-regulation of behavior. New York: Cambridge University Press.
14. Carver, C. S., Sutton, S. K., & Scheier, M. F. (2000). Action, emotion, and personality: Emerging conceptual integration. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 26, 741-751.
15. Coats, E. J., Janoff-Bulman, R., & Alpert, N. (1996). Approach versus avoidance goals: Differences in self-evaluation and well-being. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 22, 1057-1067.
16. Davidson, R. J. (1993). The neuropsychology of emotion and affective style. In M. Lewis & J. M. Haviland (Eds.), Handbook of emotions (pp. 143-154). New York: Guilford Press.
17. Diener, E. (1984). Subjective well-being. Psychological Bulletin, 95, 542-575.
18. Diener, E., & Lucas, R. E. (1999). Personality and subjective well-being. In D. Kahneman, E. Diener, & N. Schwarz (Eds.), Well-being: The foundations of hedonic psychology (pp. 213-229). New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
19. Diener, E., & Lucas, R. E. (2000). Subjective emotional wellbeing. In M. Lewis & J. M. Haviland-Jones (Eds.), Handbook of emotions (2nd ed., pp. 325-337). New York:Guilford Press.
20. Diener, E., Oishi, S., & Lucas, R. E. (2003). Personality, culture, and subjective well-being: Emotional and cognitive evaluations of life. Annual Review of Psychology, 54, 403-425.
21. Diener, E., & Suh, E. M. (2000). Culture and subjective wellbeing. Cambridge, MA: MIT press.
22. Eid, M., & Diener, E. (2001). Norms for experiencing emotions in different cultures: Inter-and intranational differences. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81, 869-885.
23. Elliot, A. J. (2008). Approach and avoidance motivation. In A. J. Elliot (Ed.), Handbook of Approach and Avoidance Motivation (pp. 3-14). Boca Raton, Florida: Taylor & Francis.
24. Elliot, A. J., & Church, M. A. (2002). Client-articulated avoidance goals in the therapy context. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 49, 243-254.
25. Elliot, A. J., & Friedman, R. (2007). Approach-avoidance: A central characteristic of personal goals. In B. R. Little, K. Salmela-Aro, & S. D. Phillips (Eds.), Personal project pursuit: Goals, action, and human flourishing (pp. 97-118). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
26. Elliot, A. J., & Sheldon, K. M. (1997). Avoidance achievement motivation: A personal goals analysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 73, 171-185.
27. Elliot, A. J., & Sheldon, K. M. (1998). Avoidance personal goals and the personality-illness relationship. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 75, 1282-1299
28. Elliot, A. J., & Thrash, T. M. (2002). Approach-avoidance motivation in personality: Approach and avoidance temperaments and goals. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 82, 804-818.
29. Elliot, A. J., Gable, S. L., & Mapes, R. R. (2006). Approach and avoidance motivation in the social domain. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 32, 378-391.
30. Elliot, A. J., Sheldon, K. M., & Church, M. A. (1997). Avoidance personal goals and subjective well-being. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 23, 915-927.
31. Elliot, A. J., Chirkov, V. C., Kim, Y., & Sheldon, K. M. (2001). A cross-cultural analysis of avoidance (relative to approach) personal goals. Psychological Science, 12, 505-510.
32. Emmons, R. A. (1986). Personal strivings: An approach to personality and subjective well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 1058-1068.
33. Emmons, R. A. (1991). Personal strivings, daily life events, and psychological and physical well-being. Journal of Personality, 59, 453-472.
34. Emmons, R. A. (1996). Striving and feeling: Personal goals and subjective well-being. In P. M. Gollwitzer & J. A. Bargh (Eds.), The psychology of action: Linking cognition and motivation to behavior (pp. 313-337). New York: Guilford Press.
35. Förster, J., Higgins, E. T., & Idson, L. C. (1998). Approach and avoidance strength during goal attainment: Regulatory focus and the “goal looms larger” effect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 75, 1115-1131.
36. Freitas, A. L., & Higgins, E. T. (2002). Enjoying goal-directed action: The role of regulatory fit. Psychological Science, 13, 1-6.
37. Frijda, N. H. (1988). The laws of emotion. American Psychologist, 43, 349-358.
38. Gollwitzer, P. M. (1990). Action phases and mind-sets. New York: Guilford Press.
39. Gollwitzer, P. M. (1999). Implementation intentions: Strong effects of simple plans. American Psychologist, 54, 493-503.
40. Gray, J. A. (1990). Brain systems that mediate both emotion and cognition. Cognition and Emotion, 4, 269-288.
41. Harmon-Jones, E., Peterson, C., Gable, P. A., & Harmon-Jones, C. Anger and approach-avoidance motivation. In A. J. Elliot (Ed.), Handbook of approach and avoidance motivation. (pp. 399-414). Boca Raton, Florida: Taylor & Francis.
42. Harter, S. (2002). Authenticity. In C. R. Snyder & S. J. Lopez (Eds.), Handbook of positive psychology (pp. 382-394). New York: Oxford University Press.
43. Heckhausen, H., & Leppmann, P. K. (1991). Motivation and action. New York: Springer-Verlag.
44. Higgins, E. T. (1997). Beyond pleasure and pain. American Psychologist, 52, 1280-1300.
45. Higgins, E. T. (2000). Making a good decision: Value from fit. American Psychologist, 55, 1217-1230.
46. Higgins, T. E., Idson, L. C., Freitas, A. L., Spiegel, S., & Molden, D. C. (2003). Transfer of value from fit. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 45, 20-31.
47. Higgins, E. T., Roney, C. J. R., Crowe, E., & Hymes, C. (1994). Ideal versus ought predilections for approach and avoidance distinct self-regulatory systems. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66, 276-286.
48. Idson, L. C., Liberman, N., & Higgins, E. T. (2000). Distinguishing gains from nonlosses and losses from nongains: A regulatory focus perspective on hedonic intensity. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 36, 252-274.
49. Kahneman, D. (1999). Objective happiness. In D. Kahneman, E. Diener, & N. Schwarz (Eds.), Well-being: The foundations of hedonic psychology (pp. 3-25). New York:Russell Sage Foundation.
50. Klinger, E. (1975). Consequences of commitment to and disengagement from incentives. Psychological Review, 82, 1-25.
51. Kubovy, M. (1999). On the pleasures of the mind. In D. Kahneman, E. Diener, & N. Schwarz (Eds.), Well-being: The foundations of hedonic psychology (pp. 134-154). New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
52. Lang, P. J. (1995). The emotion probe: Studies of motivation and attention. American Psychologist, 50, 372-385.
53. Larsen, R. J. & Augustine, A. A. (2008). Basic personality dispositions related to approach and avoidance: Extraversion/neuroticism, BAS/BIS, and positive/negative affectivity. In A. J. Elliot (Ed.), Handbook of approach and avoidance motivation (pp. 151-164). Boca Raton, Florida: Taylor & Francis.
54. Lauriola, M., & Levin, I. P. (2001). Personality traits and risky decision-making in a controlled experimental task: An exploratory study. Personality and Individual Differences, 31, 215-226.
55. Lee, A. Y., Aaker, J. L., & Gardner, W. L. (2000). The pleasures and pains of distinct self-construals: The role of interdependence in regulatory focus. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 78, 1122-1134.
56. Mann, T.L., Sherman, D. S., & Updegraff, J. A. (2004). Dispositional motivations and message framing: A test of the congruency hypothesis. Health Psychology, 23, 330-334.
57. Markus, H. R., & Kitayama, S. (1994). The cultural shaping of emotion: A conceptual framework. In S. Kitayama & H. R. Markus (Ed.), Emotion and culture: Empirical studies of mutual influence (pp. 339-351). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
58. Mogg, K., & Bradley, B. P. (1998). A cognitive-motivational analysis of anxiety. Behavioral Research and Therapy, 36, 809-848.
59. Oatley, K., & Johnson-Laird, P. N. (1987). Towards a cognitive theory of emotions. Cognition and Emotion, 1, 29-50.
60. Oettingen, G., & Gollwitzer, P. M. (2004). Goal setting and goal striving. In M. B. Brewer & M. Hewstone (Eds.), Emotion and motivation (pp. 165-183). Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing.
61. Öhman, A. (2001). Emotion drives attention: Detecting the snake in the grass. Journal of Experimental Psychology:General, 130, 466-478.
62. Oishi, S., & Diener, E. (2001). Goals, culture, and subjective well-being. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 27, 1674-1682.
63. Oishi, S., Diener, E., Suh, E., & Lucas, R. E. (1999). Value as a moderator in subjective well-being. Journal of Personality, 67, 157-184.
64. Oishi, S., Schimmack, U., Diener, E., & Suh, E. M. (1998). The measurement of values and individualism-collectivism. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 24, 1177-1189.
65. Palys, T. S., & Little, B. R. (1983). Perceived life satisfaction and the organization of personal project systems. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 44, 1221-1230.
66. Panksepp, J. (1982). Toward a general psychobiological theory of emotions. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 5, 407-467.
67. Parrott, W. G. (2002). The functional utility of negative emotions. In L. F. Barrett & P. Salovey (Eds.), The wisdom in feeling: Psychological processes in emotional intelligence (pp. 341-359). New York: Guilford Press.
68. Robinson, M. D. (1998). Running from William James’ bear:A review of preattentive mechanisms and their contributions to emotional experience. Cognition and Emotion, 12, 667-696.
69. Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). On happiness and human potentials: A review of research on hedonic and eudaimonic well-being. Annual Review of Psychology, 52, 141-166.
70. Ryff, C. D. (1989). Happiness is everything, or is it? Explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57, 1069-1081.
71. Schimmack, U., Radhakrishnan, P., Oishi, S., Dzokoto, V., & Ahadi, S. (2002). Culture, personality, and subjective well-being: Integrating process models of life satisfaction. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 82, 582-593.
72. Shah, J., Higgins, E. T., & Friedman, R. S. (1998). Performance incentives and means: How regulatory focus influences goal attainment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74, 285-293.
73. Sheldon, K. M., & Elliot, A. J. (1999). Goal striving, need satisfaction, and longitudinal well-being: The self-concordance model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 76, 482-497.
74. Sherman, D. K., Mann, T. L., & Updegraff, J. A. (2006). Approach/avoidance orientation, message framing, and health behavior: Understanding the congruency effect. Motivation and Emotion, 30, 165-169.
75. Tamir, M. (2005). Don’t worry, be happy? Neuroticism, traitconsistent affect regulation, and performance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89, 449-461.
76. Tamir, M., Chiu, C. Y., & Gross, J. J. (2007). Business or pleasure? Utilitarian versus hedonic considerations in emotion regulation. Emotion, 7, 546-554.
77. Tamir, M., & Robinson, M. D. (2007). The happy spotlight:Positive mood and selective attention to rewarding information. To appear in Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 33, 1124-1136.
78. Tamir, M., Robinson, M. D., & Solberg, E. C. (2006). You may worry, but can you recognize threats when you see them?:Neuroticism, threat identifications, and negative affect. Journal of Personality, 74, 1481-1506.
79. Triandis, H. C. (1995). Individualism and collectivism. Boulder, CO: Westview.
80. Tov, W., & Diener, E. (2007). Culture and subjective wellbeing. In S. Kitayama & D. Cohen (Eds.), Handbook of cultural psychology (pp. 691-713). New York: Guilford Press.
81. Tsai, J. L., Knutson, B., & Fung, H. H. (2006). Cultural variation in affect valuation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 90, 288-307.
82. Updegraff, J. A., Gable, S. L., & Taylor, S. E. (2004). What makes experiences satisfying? The interaction of approach-avoidance motivations and emotions in wellbeing. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 86, 496-504.
83. Urry, H. L., Nitschke, J. B., Dolski, I., Jackson, D. C., Dalton, K. M., Mueller, C. J., et al. (2004). Making a life worth living: Neural correlates of well-being. Psychological Science, 15, 367-372.
84. Waterman, A. S. (1993). Two conceptions of happiness: Contrasts of personal expressiveness (eudaimonia) and hedonic enjoyment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64, 678-691.
85. Worth, K. A., Sullivan, H. W., Hertel, A. W., Rothman, A. J., & Jeffery, R. W. (2005). Avoidance goals can be beneficial:A look at smoking cessation. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 27, 107-116.