The happy spotlight: Positive mood and selective attention to rewarding information

Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin

Volumn 33, Issue 8, 2007, Pages 1124-1136

  Tamir, Maya ^a   Robinson, Michael D ^b  

^a BOSTON COLLEGE   (United States)

^b NORTH DAKOTA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Attention; Cognition; Mood; Positive affect

Indexed keywords

AFFECT; ARTICLE; ATTENTION; CLINICAL TRIAL; COGNITION; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; HUMAN; INFORMATION PROCESSING; INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; REWARD; UNITED STATES;

AFFECT; ATTENTION; COGNITION; DATA COLLECTION; DISCLOSURE; HUMANS; ILLINOIS; REWARD;

EID: 34547335918     PISSN: 01461672     EISSN: 15527433     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0146167207301030     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. Berridge, K.C., Robinson, T.E. (1998). What is the role of dopamine in reward: Hedonic impact, reward learning, or incentive salience ? Brain Research Reviews, 28, 309-369.
2. Bower, G.H. (1981). Mood and memory. American Psychologist, 36, 129-148.
3. Bower, G.H., Forgas, J.P. (2000). Affect, memory, and social cognition. In E. Eich, J. F. Kihlstrom, G. H. Bower, J. P. Forgas, P. M. Niedenthal (Eds.), Cognition and emotion (pp. 87-168). New York: Oxford University Press.
4. Bradley, M.M., Lang, P.J. (1999). Affect norms for English words (ANEW). Gainesville: University of Florida, NIMH Center for the Study of Emotion and Attention.
5. Carver, C.S. (2001). Mood and the functional bases of behavior: On the dimensional structure of mood experience. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 5, 345-356.
6. Clark, M.S., Isen, A.M. (1982). Towards understanding the relationship between feeling states and social behavior. In A. H. Hastorf A. M. Isen (Eds.), Cognitive social psychology (pp. 73-108). New York: Elsevier-North Holland.
7. Clore, G.L., Gasper, K., Garvin, E. (2001). Affect as information. In J. P. Forgas (Ed.), Handbook of affect and social cognition (pp. 121-144). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
8. Coats, E.J., Janoff-Bulman, R., Alpert, N. (1996). Approach versus avoidance goals: Differences in self-evaluation and well-being. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 22, 1057-1067.
9. Compton, R.J. (2000). Ability to disengage attention predicts negative mood. Cognition and Emotion, 14, 401-415.
10. Cunningham, M.R. (1988). What do you do when you're happy or blue? Mood, expectancies, and behavioral interest. Motivation and Emotion, 12, 309-331.
11. Cuthbert, B.N., Bradley, M.M., Lang, P.J. (1996). Probing picture perception: Activation and emotion. Psychophysiology, 33, 103-111.
12. Depue, R.A., Collins, P.F. (1999). Neurobiology of the structure of personality: Dopamine, facilitation of incentive motivation, and extraversion. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 22, 491-569.
13. Fazio, R.H., Roskos-Ewoldsen, D.R., Powell, M.C. (1994). Attitudes, perception, and attention. In P. M. Niedenthal S. Kitayama (Eds.), The heart's eye: Emotional influences in perception and attention (pp. 197-216). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
14. Fiske, S.T. (1995). Social cognition. In A. Tesser (Ed.), Advances in social psychology (pp. 149-193). New York: McGraw- Hill.
15. Fiske, S.T., Taylor, S.E. (1991). Social cognition. New York: McGraw-Hill.
16. Forgas, J.P. (1995). Mood and judgment: The affect infusion model (AIM). Psychological Bulletin, 117, 39-66.
17. Fredrickson, B.L. (1998). What good are positive emotions? Review of General Psychology, 2, 300-319.
18. Fredrickson, B.L. (2001). The role of positive emotions in positive psychology: The broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions. American Psychologist, 56, 218-226.
19. Higgins, E.T. (1996). Knowledge activation: Accessibility, applicability, and salience. In E. T. Higgins A. W. Kruglanski (Eds.), Social psychology: Handbook of basic principles (pp. 133-168). New York: Guilford.
20. Kitayama, S., Niedenthal, P.M. (1994). Introduction. In P. M. Niedenthal S. Kitayama (Eds.), The heart's eye: Emotional influences in perception and attention (pp. 1-14). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
21. Larsen, R.J., Ketelaar, T. (1991). Personality and susceptibility to positive and negative mood. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61, 132-140.
22. LeDoux, J. (1996). The emotional brain: The mysterious underpinnings of emotional life. New York: Simon Schuster.
23. Lucas, R.E., Diener, E. (2001). Understanding extraverts' enjoyment of social situations: The importance of pleasantness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81, 343-356.
24. Lyubomirsky, S., King, L., Diener, E. (2005). The benefits of frequent positive affect. Psychological Bulletin, 131, 803-855.
25. MacLeod, C. (1999). Anxiety and anxiety disorders. In T. Dalgleish M. J. Power (Eds.), Handbook of cognition and emotion (pp. 447-477). Chichester, UK: Wiley.
26. MacLeod, C., Mathews, A., Tata, P. (1986). Attentional biases in emotional disorders. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 95, 15-20.
27. MacLeod, C., Rutherford, E., Campbell, L., Ebsworthy, G., Holker, L. (2002). Selective attention and emotional vulnerability: Assessing the causal basis of their association through the experimental manipulation of attentional bias. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 111, 107-123.
28. Matthews, G., Wells, A. (1999). The cognitive science of attention and emotion. In T. Dalgleish M. Power (Eds.), Handbook of cognition and emotion (pp. 171-192). Chichester, UK: Wiley.
29. Mogg, K., Bradley, B.P. (1998). A cognitive-motivational analysis of anxiety. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 36, 809-848.
30. Mogg, K., Bradley, B.P., Williams, R., Mathews, A.M. (1993). Subliminal processing of emotional information in anxiety and depression. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 102, 304-311.
31. Navon, D., Margalit, B. (1983). Allocation of attention according to informativeness in visual recognition. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 35A, 497-512.
32. Niedenthal, P.M., Halberstadt, J.B. (2000). Emotional response as conceptual coherence. In E. Eich, J. F. Kihlstrom, G. H. Bower, J. P. Forgas, P. N. Niedenthal (Eds.), Cognition and emotion (pp. 169-203). New York: Oxford University Press.
33. Niedenthal, P.M., Halberstadt, J.B., Innes-Ker, A.H. (1999). Emotion response categorization. Psychological Review, 106, 337-361.
34. Niedenthal, P.M., Setterlund, M.B., Jones (1994). Emotional organization of perceptual memory. In P. M. Niedenthal S. Kitayama (Eds.), The heart's eye: Emotional influences in perception and attention (pp. 87-113). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
35. hman, A. (1997). As fast as the blink of an eye: Evolutionary preparedness for preattentive processing of threat. In P. J. Lang R. F. Simons (Eds.), Attention and orienting: Sensory and motivational processing (pp. 165-184). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
36. Pashler, H. (1998). Attention. East Essex, UK: Psychology Press.
37. Pashler, H., Johnston, J.C., Ruthruff, E. (2001). Attention and performance. Annual Review of Psychology, 52, 629-651.
38. Peters, E., Vastfjall, D., Garling, T., Slovic, P. (2006). Affect and decision making: A hot topic. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 19, 79-85.
39. Posner, M.I. (1978). Chronometric explorations of mind. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
40. Posner, M.I., Peterson, S.E. (1990). The attention system of the human brain. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 10, 12-17.
41. Posner, M.I., Raichle, M.E. (1994). Images of mind. New York: Scientific American Library.
42. Ratcliff, R. (1993). Methods for dealing with reaction time outliers. Psychological Bulletin, 114, 510-532.
43. Robinson, M.D. (1998). Running from William James' bear: A review of preattentive mechanisms and their contributions to emotional experience. Cognition and Emotion, 12, 667-696.
44. Robinson, M.D. (in press). Lives lived in milliseconds: Using cognitive methods in personality research. In R. W. Robins, R. C. Fraley, R. Krueger (Eds.), Handbook of research methods in personality psychology. New York: Guilford.
45. Robinson, M.D., Clore, G.L. (2002). Belief and feeling: Evidence for an accessibility model of emotional self-report. Psychological Bulletin, 128, 934-960.
46. Roskos-Ewoldsen, D.R., Fazio, R.H. (1992). On the orienting value of attitudes: Attitude accessibility as a determinant of an object's attraction of visual attention. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 63, 198-211.
47. Rueda, M.R., Posner, M.I., Rothbart, M.K. (2004). Attentional control and self-regulation. In R. F. Baumeister K. D. Vohs (Eds.), Handbook of self-regulation: Research, theory, and applications (pp. 283-300). New York: Guilford.
48. Rusting, C.L. (2001). Personality as a moderator of affective influences on cognition. In J. P. Forgas (Ed.), Handbook of affect and social cognition (pp. 371-391). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
49. Schwarz, N., Clore, G.L. (1983). Mood, misattribution, and judgment of well-being: Informative and directive functions of affective states. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 45, 513-523.
50. Schwarz, N., Clore, G.L. (1996). Feelings and phenomenal experience. In E. T. Higgins A. W. Kruglanski (Eds.), Social psychology: Handbook of basic principles (pp. 433-465). New York: Guilford.
51. Tamir, M., Robinson, M.D., Clore, G.L. (2002). The epistemic benefits of trait-consistent mood states: An analysis of extraversion and mood. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83, 663-677.
52. Toglia, M.P., Battig, W.F. (1978). Handbook of semantic word norms. Potomac, MD: Lawrence Erlbaum.
53. Treisman, A.M. (1969). Strategies and models of selective attention. Psychological Review, 75, 522-536.
54. Watson, D. (2000). Mood and temperament. New York: Guilford.
55. Watson, D., Wiese, D., Vaidya, J., Tellegen, A. (1999). The two general activation systems of affect: Structural findings, evolutionary considerations, and psychobiological evidence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 76, 820-838.
56. Wentura, D., Rothermund, K., Bak, P. (2000). Automatic vigilance: The attention-grabbing power of approach- and avoidance-related social information. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 78, 1024-1037.
57. Williams, J.M.G., Watts, F.N., MacLeod.C., Mathews, A. (1997). Cognitive psychology and emotional disorder (2 nd ed.). Chichester, UK: Wiley.