메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 6, Issue 2, 2018, Pages

New kids on the block: RNA-based influenza virus vaccines

Author keywords

Clinical trial; Infectious disease; Influenza virus; RNA vaccine

Indexed keywords

ANTIGEN; HEMAGGLUTININ; INFLUENZA VACCINE; MATRIX PROTEIN; NUCLEOPROTEIN; POLYETHYLENEIMINE; RNA VACCINE; SOLID LIPID NANOPARTICLE;

EID: 85046470520     PISSN: None     EISSN: 2076393X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3390/vaccines6020020     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (70)

References (73)
  • 2
    • 85038809639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is It Possible to Develop a “Universal” Influenza Virus Vaccine? Immunogenetic Considerations Underlying B-Cell Biology in the Development of a Pan-Subtype Influenza A Vaccine Targeting the Hemagglutinin Stem
    • Andrews, S.F.; Graham, B.S.; Mascola, J.R.; McDermott, A.B. Is It Possible to Develop a “Universal” Influenza Virus Vaccine? Immunogenetic Considerations Underlying B-Cell Biology in the Development of a Pan-Subtype Influenza A Vaccine Targeting the Hemagglutinin Stem. Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Biol. 2017
    • (2017) Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Biol
    • Andrews, S.F.1    Graham, B.S.2    Mascola, J.R.3    McDermott, A.B.4
  • 3
    • 85028548934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From Original Antigenic Sin to the Universal Influenza Virus Vaccine
    • Henry, C.; Palm, A.E.; Krammer, F.; Wilson, P.C. From Original Antigenic Sin to the Universal Influenza Virus Vaccine. Trends Immunol. 2018, 39, 70-79
    • (2018) Trends Immunol , vol.39 , pp. 70-79
    • Henry, C.1    Palm, A.E.2    Krammer, F.3    Wilson, P.C.4
  • 5
    • 85045463733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibody Immunodominance: The Key to Understanding Influenza Virus Antigenic Drift
    • Altman, M.O.; Angeletti, D.; Yewdell, J.W. Antibody Immunodominance: The Key to Understanding Influenza Virus Antigenic Drift. Viral Immunol. 2018
    • (2018) Viral Immunol
    • Altman, M.O.1    Angeletti, D.2    Yewdell, J.W.3
  • 6
    • 43949119092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety and immunogenicity of trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine in infants
    • Halasa, N.B.; Gerber, M.A.; Chen, Q.; Wright, P.F.; Edwards, K.M. Safety and immunogenicity of trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine in infants. J. Infect. Dis. 2008, 197, 1448-1454
    • (2008) J. Infect. Dis , vol.197 , pp. 1448-1454
    • Halasa, N.B.1    Gerber, M.A.2    Chen, Q.3    Wright, P.F.4    Edwards, K.M.5
  • 8
    • 0029839058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dendritic cells pulsed with RNA are potent antigen-presenting cells in vitro and in vivo
    • Boczkowski, D.; Nair, S.K.; Snyder, D.; Gilboa, E. Dendritic cells pulsed with RNA are potent antigen-presenting cells in vitro and in vivo. J. Exp. Med. 1996, 184, 465-472
    • (1996) J. Exp. Med. , vol.184 , pp. 465-472
    • Boczkowski, D.1    Nair, S.K.2    Snyder, D.3    Gilboa, E.4
  • 9
    • 0033989908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vivo application of RNA leads to induction of specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes and antibodies
    • Hoerr, I.; Obst, R.; Rammensee, H.G.; Jung, G. In vivo application of RNA leads to induction of specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes and antibodies. Eur. J. Immunol. 2000, 30, 1-7
    • (2000) Eur. J. Immunol. , vol.30 , pp. 1-7
    • Hoerr, I.1    Obst, R.2    Rammensee, H.G.3    Jung, G.4
  • 11
    • 0035341935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Self-replicative RNA vaccines elicit protection against influenza A virus, respiratory syncytial virus, and a tickborne encephalitis virus
    • Fleeton, M.N.; Chen, M.; Berglund, P.; Rhodes, G.; Parker, S.E.; Murphy, M.; Atkins, G.J.; Liljeström, P. Self-replicative RNA vaccines elicit protection against influenza A virus, respiratory syncytial virus, and a tickborne encephalitis virus. J. Infect. Dis. 2001, 183, 1395-1398
    • (2001) J. Infect. Dis , vol.183 , pp. 1395-1398
    • Fleeton, M.N.1    Chen, M.2    Berglund, P.3    Rhodes, G.4    Parker, S.E.5    Murphy, M.6    Atkins, G.J.7    Liljeström, P.8
  • 12
    • 84878664092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro transcription of long RNA containing modified nucleosides
    • Pardi, N.; Muramatsu, H.; Weissman, D.; Kariko, K. In vitro transcription of long RNA containing modified nucleosides. Methods Mol. Biol. 2013, 969, 29-42
    • (2013) Methods Mol. Biol , vol.969 , pp. 29-42
    • Pardi, N.1    Muramatsu, H.2    Weissman, D.3    Kariko, K.4
  • 13
    • 54949112814 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incorporation of pseudouridine into mRNA yields superior nonimmunogenic vector with increased translational capacity and biological stability
    • Kariko, K.; Muramatsu, H.; Welsh, F.A.; Ludwig, J.; Kato, H.; Akira, S.; Weissman, D. Incorporation of pseudouridine into mRNA yields superior nonimmunogenic vector with increased translational capacity and biological stability. Mol. Ther. 2008, 16, 1833-1840
    • (2008) Mol. Ther , vol.16 , pp. 1833-1840
    • Kariko, K.1    Muramatsu, H.2    Welsh, F.A.3    Ludwig, J.4    Kato, H.5    Akira, S.6    Weissman, D.7
  • 16
    • 84945455309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • N(1)-methylpseudouridine-incorporated mRNA outperforms pseudouridine-incorporated mRNA by providing enhanced protein expression and reduced immunogenicity in mammalian cell lines and mice
    • Andries, O.; Mc Cafferty, S.; De Smedt, S.C.; Weiss, R.; Sanders, N.N.; Kitada, T. N(1)-methylpseudouridine-incorporated mRNA outperforms pseudouridine-incorporated mRNA by providing enhanced protein expression and reduced immunogenicity in mammalian cell lines and mice. J. Control. Release 2015, 217, 337-344
    • (2015) J. Control. Release , vol.217 , pp. 337-344
    • Andries, O.1    Mc Cafferty, S.2    De Smedt, S.C.3    Weiss, R.4    Sanders, N.N.5    Kitada, T.6
  • 17
    • 23844464444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Suppression of RNA recognition by Toll-like receptors: The impact of nucleoside modification and the evolutionary origin of RNA
    • Kariko, K.; Buckstein, M.; Ni, H.; Weissman, D. Suppression of RNA recognition by Toll-like receptors: The impact of nucleoside modification and the evolutionary origin of RNA. Immunity 2005, 23, 165-175
    • (2005) Immunity , vol.23 , pp. 165-175
    • Kariko, K.1    Buckstein, M.2    Ni, H.3    Weissman, D.4
  • 18
    • 82255194361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Generating the optimal mRNA for therapy: HPLC purification eliminates immune activation and improves translation of nucleoside-modified, protein-encoding mRNA
    • Kariko, K.; Muramatsu, H.; Ludwig, J.; Weissman, D. Generating the optimal mRNA for therapy: HPLC purification eliminates immune activation and improves translation of nucleoside-modified, protein-encoding mRNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 2011, 39, e142
    • (2011) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.39
    • Kariko, K.1    Muramatsu, H.2    Ludwig, J.3    Weissman, D.4
  • 19
    • 0022219780 scopus 로고
    • Half-lives of beta and gamma globin messenger RNAs and of protein synthetic capacity in cultured human reticulocytes
    • Ross, J.; Sullivan, T.D. Half-lives of beta and gamma globin messenger RNAs and of protein synthetic capacity in cultured human reticulocytes. Blood 1985, 66, 1149-1154
    • (1985) Blood , vol.66 , pp. 1149-1154
    • Ross, J.1    Sullivan, T.D.2
  • 20
    • 33845497677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modification of antigen-encoding RNA increases stability, translational efficacy, and T-cell stimulatory capacity of dendritic cells
    • Holtkamp, S.; Kreiter, S.; Selmi, A.; Simon, P.; Koslowski, M.; Huber, C.; Türeci, Ö.; Sahin, U. Modification of antigen-encoding RNA increases stability, translational efficacy, and T-cell stimulatory capacity of dendritic cells. Blood 2006, 108, 4009-4017
    • (2006) Blood , vol.108 , pp. 4009-4017
    • Holtkamp, S.1    Kreiter, S.2    Selmi, A.3    Simon, P.4    Koslowski, M.5    Huber, C.6    Türeci, Ö.7    Sahin, U.8
  • 21
    • 0016709353 scopus 로고
    • Purification of mRNA guanylyltransferase and mRNA (Guanine-7-) methyltransferase from vaccinia virions
    • Martin, S.A.; Paoletti, E.; Moss, B. Purification of mRNA guanylyltransferase and mRNA (guanine-7-) methyltransferase from vaccinia virions. J. Biol. Chem.1975, 250, 9322-9329
    • (1975) J. Biol. Chem , vol.250 , pp. 9322-9329
    • Martin, S.A.1    Paoletti, E.2    Moss, B.3
  • 22
    • 0034768443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synthesis and properties of mRNAs containing the novel “anti-reverse” cap analogs 7-methyl(3′-O-methyl) GpppG and 7-methyl (3′-deoxy) GpppG
    • Stepinski, J.; Waddell, C.; Stolarski, R.; Darzynkiewicz, E.; Rhoads, R.E. Synthesis and properties of mRNAs containing the novel “anti-reverse” cap analogs 7-methyl(3′-O-methyl) GpppG and 7-methyl (3′-deoxy) GpppG. RNA 2001, 7, 1486-1495
    • (2001) RNA , vol.7 , pp. 1486-1495
    • Stepinski, J.1    Waddell, C.2    Stolarski, R.3    Darzynkiewicz, E.4    Rhoads, R.E.5
  • 23
    • 84954288084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Materials for non-viral intracellular delivery of messenger RNA therapeutics
    • Kauffman, K.J.; Webber, M.J.; Anderson, D.G. Materials for non-viral intracellular delivery of messenger RNA therapeutics. J. Control. Release 2016, 240, 227-234
    • (2016) J. Control. Release , vol.240 , pp. 227-234
    • Kauffman, K.J.1    Webber, M.J.2    Anderson, D.G.3
  • 24
    • 84921357504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lipid-based mRNA vaccine delivery systems
    • Midoux, P.; Pichon, C. Lipid-based mRNA vaccine delivery systems. Expert Rev. Vaccines 2015, 14, 221-234
    • (2015) Expert Rev. Vaccines , vol.14 , pp. 221-234
    • Midoux, P.1    Pichon, C.2
  • 25
    • 84939573509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optimization of influenza A vaccine virus by reverse genetic using chimeric HA and NA genes with an extended PR8 backbone
    • Medina, J.; Boukhebza, H.; De Saint Jean, A.; Sodoyer, R.; Legastelois, I.; Moste, C. Optimization of influenza A vaccine virus by reverse genetic using chimeric HA and NA genes with an extended PR8 backbone. Vaccine 2015, 33, 4221-4227
    • (2015) Vaccine , vol.33 , pp. 4221-4227
    • Medina, J.1    Boukhebza, H.2    De Saint Jean, A.3    Sodoyer, R.4    Legastelois, I.5    Moste, C.6
  • 28
    • 84924060844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advances in the development of influenza virus vaccines
    • Krammer, F.; Palese, P. Advances in the development of influenza virus vaccines. Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. 2015, 14, 167-182
    • (2015) Nat. Rev. Drug Discov , vol.14 , pp. 167-182
    • Krammer, F.1    Palese, P.2
  • 30
    • 84953851839 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of Broad-Based Immunity and Protective Efficacy by Self-amplifying mRNA Vaccines Encoding Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin
    • Brazzoli, M.; Magini, D.; Bonci, A.; Buccato, S.; Giovani, C.; Kratzer, R.; Zurli, V.; Mangiavacchi, S.; Casini, D.; Brito, L.M.; et al. Induction of Broad-Based Immunity and Protective Efficacy by Self-amplifying mRNA Vaccines Encoding Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin. J. Virol. 2015, 90, 332-344
    • (2015) J. Virol , vol.90 , pp. 332-344
    • Brazzoli, M.1    Magini, D.2    Bonci, A.3    Buccato, S.4    Giovani, C.5    Kratzer, R.6    Zurli, V.7    Mangiavacchi, S.8    Casini, D.9    Brito, L.M.10
  • 35
    • 0141521625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An alphavirus replicon particle chimera derived from venezuelan equine encephalitis and sindbis viruses is a potent gene-based vaccine delivery vector
    • Perri, S.; Greer, C.E.; Thudium, K.; Doe, B.; Legg, H.; Liu, H.; Romero, R.E.; Tang, Z.; Bin, Q.; Dubensky, T.W.; et al. An alphavirus replicon particle chimera derived from venezuelan equine encephalitis and sindbis viruses is a potent gene-based vaccine delivery vector. J. Virol. 2003, 77, 10394-10403
    • (2003) J. Virol , vol.77 , pp. 10394-10403
    • Perri, S.1    Greer, C.E.2    Thudium, K.3    Doe, B.4    Legg, H.5    Liu, H.6    Romero, R.E.7    Tang, Z.8    Bin, Q.9    Dubensky, T.W.10
  • 41
    • 84978063234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An mRNA Vaccine Encoding Rabies Virus Glycoprotein Induces Protection against Lethal Infection in Mice and Correlates of Protection in Adult and Newborn Pigs
    • Schnee, M.; Vogel, A.B.; Voss, D.; Petsch, B.; Baumhof, P.; Kramps, T.; Stitz, L. An mRNA Vaccine Encoding Rabies Virus Glycoprotein Induces Protection against Lethal Infection in Mice and Correlates of Protection in Adult and Newborn Pigs. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. 2016, 10, e0004746
    • (2016) Plos Negl. Trop. Dis , vol.10
    • Schnee, M.1    Vogel, A.B.2    Voss, D.3    Petsch, B.4    Baumhof, P.5    Kramps, T.6    Stitz, L.7
  • 44
    • 84940720241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sequence-engineered mRNA Without Chemical Nucleoside Modifications Enables an Effective Protein Therapy in Large Animals
    • Thess, A.; Grund, S.; Mui, B.L.; Hope, M.J.; Baumhof, P.; Fotin-Mleczek, M.; Schlake, T. Sequence-engineered mRNA Without Chemical Nucleoside Modifications Enables an Effective Protein Therapy in Large Animals. Mol. Ther. 2015, 23, 1456-1464
    • (2015) Mol. Ther , vol.23 , pp. 1456-1464
    • Thess, A.1    Grund, S.2    Mui, B.L.3    Hope, M.J.4    Baumhof, P.5    Fotin-Mleczek, M.6    Schlake, T.7
  • 46
    • 85041227397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modified mRNA-Based Vaccines Elicit Robust Immune Responses and Protect Guinea Pigs From Ebola Virus Disease
    • Meyer, M.; Huang, E.; Yuzhakov, O.; Ramanathan, P.; Ciaramella, G.; Bukreyev, A. Modified mRNA-Based Vaccines Elicit Robust Immune Responses and Protect Guinea Pigs From Ebola Virus Disease. J. Infect. Dis. 2018, 217, 451-455
    • (2018) J. Infect. Dis , vol.217 , pp. 451-455
    • Meyer, M.1    Huang, E.2    Yuzhakov, O.3    Ramanathan, P.4    Ciaramella, G.5    Bukreyev, A.6
  • 49
    • 85029684223 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficient Targeting and Activation of Antigen-Presenting Cells In Vivo after Modified mRNA Vaccine Administration in Rhesus Macaques
    • Liang, F.; Lindgren, G.; Lin, A.; Thompson, E.A.; Ols, S.; Röhss, J.; John, S.; Hassett, K.; Yuzhakov, O.; Bahl, K.; et al. Efficient Targeting and Activation of Antigen-Presenting Cells In Vivo after Modified mRNA Vaccine Administration in Rhesus Macaques. Mol. Ther. 2017, 25, 2635-2647
    • (2017) Mol. Ther , vol.25 , pp. 2635-2647
    • Liang, F.1    Lindgren, G.2    Lin, A.3    Thompson, E.A.4    Ols, S.5    Röhss, J.6    John, S.7    Hassett, K.8    Yuzhakov, O.9    Bahl, K.10
  • 50
    • 85038583616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rhesus Macaque Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Demonstrate T Cell Inhibitory Functions and Are Transiently Increased after Vaccination
    • Lin, A.; Liang, F.; Thompson, E.A.; Vono, M.; Ols, S.; Lindgren, G.; Hassett, K.; Salter, H.; Ciaramella, G.; Loré, K. Rhesus Macaque Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Demonstrate T Cell Inhibitory Functions and Are Transiently Increased after Vaccination. J. Immunol. 2018, 200, 286-294
    • (2018) J. Immunol , vol.200 , pp. 286-294
    • Lin, A.1    Liang, F.2    Thompson, E.A.3    Vono, M.4    Ols, S.5    Lindgren, G.6    Hassett, K.7    Salter, H.8    Ciaramella, G.9    Loré, K.10
  • 51
    • 85034057681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of Robust B Cell Responses after Influenza mRNA Vaccination Is Accompanied by Circulating Hemagglutinin-Specific ICOS+ PD-1+ CXCR3+ T Follicular Helper Cells
    • Lindgren, G.; Ols, S.; Liang, F.; Thompson, E.; Lin, A.; Hellgren, F.; Bahl, K.; John, S.; Yuzhakov, O.; Hassett, K.; et al. Induction of Robust B Cell Responses after Influenza mRNA Vaccination Is Accompanied by Circulating Hemagglutinin-Specific ICOS+ PD-1+ CXCR3+ T Follicular Helper Cells. Front. Immunol. 2017, 8, 1539
    • (2017) Front. Immunol. , vol.8 , pp. 1539
    • Lindgren, G.1    Ols, S.2    Liang, F.3    Thompson, E.4    Lin, A.5    Hellgren, F.6    Bahl, K.7    John, S.8    Yuzhakov, O.9    Hassett, K.10
  • 52
    • 85017333605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advancing new vaccines against pandemic influenza in low-resource countries
    • Berlanda Scorza, F. Advancing new vaccines against pandemic influenza in low-resource countries. Vaccine 2017, 35, 5397-5402
    • (2017) Vaccine , vol.35 , pp. 5397-5402
    • Berlanda Scorza, F.1
  • 53
    • 54249154153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety and immunogenicity of an inactivated influenza A/H5N1 vaccine given with or without aluminum hydroxide to healthy adults: Results of a phase I-II randomized clinical trial
    • Keitel, W.A.; Campbell, J.D.; Treanor, J.J.; Walter, E.B.; Patel, S.M.; He, F.; Noah, D.L.; Hill, H. Safety and immunogenicity of an inactivated influenza A/H5N1 vaccine given with or without aluminum hydroxide to healthy adults: Results of a phase I-II randomized clinical trial. J. Infect. Dis. 2008, 198, 1309-1316
    • (2008) J. Infect. Dis , vol.198 , pp. 1309-1316
    • Keitel, W.A.1    Campbell, J.D.2    Treanor, J.J.3    Walter, E.B.4    Patel, S.M.5    He, F.6    Noah, D.L.7    Hill, H.8
  • 54
    • 85042231990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • H5N1 influenza vaccine induces a less robust neutralizing antibody response than seasonal trivalent and H7N9 influenza vaccines
    • Wong, S.S.; DeBeauchamp, J.; Zanin, M.; Sun, Y.; Tang, L.; Webby, R. H5N1 influenza vaccine induces a less robust neutralizing antibody response than seasonal trivalent and H7N9 influenza vaccines. NPJ Vaccines 2017, 2, 16
    • (2017) NPJ Vaccines , vol.2 , pp. 16
    • Wong, S.S.1    Debeauchamp, J.2    Zanin, M.3    Sun, Y.4    Tang, L.5    Webby, R.6
  • 55
    • 85025815073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety and immunogenicity of a mRNA rabies vaccine in healthy adults: An open-label, non-randomised, prospective, first-in-human phase 1 clinical trial
    • Alberer, M.; Gnad-Vogt, U.; Hong, H.S.; Mehr, K.T.; Backert, L.; Finak, G.; Gottardo, R.; Bica, M.A.; Garofano, A.; Koch, S.D.; et al. Safety and immunogenicity of a mRNA rabies vaccine in healthy adults: An open-label, non-randomised, prospective, first-in-human phase 1 clinical trial. Lancet 2017, 390, 1511-1520
    • (2017) Lancet , vol.390 , pp. 1511-1520
    • Alberer, M.1    Gnad-Vogt, U.2    Hong, H.S.3    Mehr, K.T.4    Backert, L.5    Finak, G.6    Gottardo, R.7    Bica, M.A.8    Garofano, A.9    Koch, S.D.10
  • 56
    • 85046396648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (accessed on 20 February 2018)
    • Mass General News. Mass. Available online: http://www.massgeneral.org/News/pressrelease.aspx?id=1816 (accessed on 20 February 2018).
    • Mass
  • 61
    • 84955298270 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accelerating Influenza Research: Vaccines, Antivirals, Immunomodulators and Monoclonal Antibodies. The Manufacture of a New Wild-Type H3N2 Virus for the Human Viral Challenge Model
    • Fullen, D.J.; Noulin, N.; Catchpole, A.; Fathi, H.; Murray, E.J.; Mann, A.; Eze, K.; Balaratnam, G.; Borley, D.W.; Gilbert, A.; et al. Accelerating Influenza Research: Vaccines, Antivirals, Immunomodulators and Monoclonal Antibodies. The Manufacture of a New Wild-Type H3N2 Virus for the Human Viral Challenge Model. PLoS ONE 2016, 11, e0145902
    • (2016) Plos ONE , vol.11
    • Fullen, D.J.1    Noulin, N.2    Catchpole, A.3    Fathi, H.4    Murray, E.J.5    Mann, A.6    Eze, K.7    Balaratnam, G.8    Borley, D.W.9    Gilbert, A.10
  • 63
    • 85046492138 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (accessed on 20 February 2018)
    • U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Available online: https://www.fda.gov/downloads/biologicsbloodvaccines/vaccines/approvedproducts/ucm294307.pdf (accessed on 20 February 2018).
  • 64
    • 85010219814 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adjuvant effects of a sequence-engineered mRNA vaccine: Translational profiling demonstrates similar human and murine innate response
    • Edwards, D.K.; Jasny, E.; Yoon, H.; Horscroft, N.; Schanen, B.; Geter, T.; Fotin-Mleczek, M.; Petsch, B.; Wittman, V. Adjuvant effects of a sequence-engineered mRNA vaccine: Translational profiling demonstrates similar human and murine innate response. J. Transl. Med. 2017, 15, 1
    • (2017) J. Transl. Med , vol.15 , pp. 1
    • Edwards, D.K.1    Jasny, E.2    Yoon, H.3    Horscroft, N.4    Schanen, B.5    Geter, T.6    Fotin-Mleczek, M.7    Petsch, B.8    Wittman, V.9
  • 69
  • 72
    • 84959349464 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel universal influenza virus vaccine approaches
    • Krammer, F. Novel universal influenza virus vaccine approaches. Curr. Opin. Virol. 2016, 17, 95-103
    • (2016) Curr. Opin. Virol , vol.17 , pp. 95-103
    • Krammer, F.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.