메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 217, Issue 6, 2017, Pages 693.e1-693.e16

Are amniotic fluid neutrophils in women with intraamniotic infection and/or inflammation of fetal or maternal origin?

Author keywords

acute chorioamnionitis; clinical chorioamnionitis; cytokine; fetal inflammatory response; fever; funisitis; human; innate immune cells; interleukin 6; labor; microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity; parturition; phagocytosis; pregnancy; preterm birth; preterm labor; term labor

Indexed keywords

INTERLEUKIN 6; CYTOKINE; IL6 PROTEIN, HUMAN; MICROSATELLITE DNA;

EID: 85031505392     PISSN: 00029378     EISSN: 10976868     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2017.09.013     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (97)

References (126)
  • 1
    • 0014703005 scopus 로고
    • Antimicrobial factors in amniotic fluid
    • Galask, R.P., Snyder, I.S., Antimicrobial factors in amniotic fluid. Am J Obstet Gynecol 106 (1970), 59–65.
    • (1970) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.106 , pp. 59-65
    • Galask, R.P.1    Snyder, I.S.2
  • 2
    • 0016236506 scopus 로고
    • Bacterial growth inhibition by amniotic fluid, I: in vitro evidence for bacterial growth-inhibiting activity
    • Larsen, B., Snyder, I.S., Galask, R.P., Bacterial growth inhibition by amniotic fluid, I: in vitro evidence for bacterial growth-inhibiting activity. Am J Obstet Gynecol 119 (1974), 492–496.
    • (1974) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.119 , pp. 492-496
    • Larsen, B.1    Snyder, I.S.2    Galask, R.P.3
  • 3
    • 0017146184 scopus 로고
    • Isolation of a low-molecular-weight antibacterial system from human amniotic fluid
    • Schlievert, P., Johnson, W., Galask, R.P., Isolation of a low-molecular-weight antibacterial system from human amniotic fluid. Infect Immun 14 (1976), 1156–1166.
    • (1976) Infect Immun , vol.14 , pp. 1156-1166
    • Schlievert, P.1    Johnson, W.2    Galask, R.P.3
  • 4
    • 0017369579 scopus 로고
    • Amniotic fluid antibacterial mechanisms: newer concepts
    • Schlievert, P., Johnson, W., Galask, R.P., Amniotic fluid antibacterial mechanisms: newer concepts. Semin Perinatol 1 (1977), 59–70.
    • (1977) Semin Perinatol , vol.1 , pp. 59-70
    • Schlievert, P.1    Johnson, W.2    Galask, R.P.3
  • 7
    • 84979673391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Collection and characterization of amniotic fluid from scheduled C-section deliveries
    • Pierce, J., Jacobson, P., Benedetti, E., et al. Collection and characterization of amniotic fluid from scheduled C-section deliveries. Cell Tissue Bank 17 (2016), 413–425.
    • (2016) Cell Tissue Bank , vol.17 , pp. 413-425
    • Pierce, J.1    Jacobson, P.2    Benedetti, E.3
  • 8
    • 0026048347 scopus 로고
    • Amniotic fluid white blood cell count: a rapid and simple test to diagnose microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity and predict preterm delivery
    • Romero, R., Quintero, R., Nores, J., et al. Amniotic fluid white blood cell count: a rapid and simple test to diagnose microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity and predict preterm delivery. Am J Obstet Gynecol 165 (1991), 821–830.
    • (1991) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.165 , pp. 821-830
    • Romero, R.1    Quintero, R.2    Nores, J.3
  • 9
    • 0027441704 scopus 로고
    • The diagnostic and prognostic value of amniotic fluid white blood cell count, glucose, interleukin-6, and Gram stain in patients with preterm labor and intact membranes
    • Romero, R., Yoon, B.H., Mazor, M., et al. The diagnostic and prognostic value of amniotic fluid white blood cell count, glucose, interleukin-6, and Gram stain in patients with preterm labor and intact membranes. Am J Obstet Gynecol 169 (1993), 805–816.
    • (1993) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.169 , pp. 805-816
    • Romero, R.1    Yoon, B.H.2    Mazor, M.3
  • 10
    • 0027443961 scopus 로고
    • A comparative study of the diagnostic performance of amniotic fluid glucose, white blood cell count, interleukin-6, and Gram stain in the detection of microbial invasion in patients with preterm premature rupture of membranes
    • Romero, R., Yoon, B.H., Mazor, M., et al. A comparative study of the diagnostic performance of amniotic fluid glucose, white blood cell count, interleukin-6, and Gram stain in the detection of microbial invasion in patients with preterm premature rupture of membranes. Am J Obstet Gynecol 169 (1993), 839–851.
    • (1993) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.169 , pp. 839-851
    • Romero, R.1    Yoon, B.H.2    Mazor, M.3
  • 11
    • 0028566833 scopus 로고
    • The value of amniotic fluid interleukin-6, white blood cell count, and Gram stain in the diagnosis of microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity in patients at term
    • Gomez, R., Romero, R., Galasso, M., Behnke, E., Insunza, A., Cotton, D.B., The value of amniotic fluid interleukin-6, white blood cell count, and Gram stain in the diagnosis of microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity in patients at term. Am J Reprod Immunol 32 (1994), 200–210.
    • (1994) Am J Reprod Immunol , vol.32 , pp. 200-210
    • Gomez, R.1    Romero, R.2    Galasso, M.3    Behnke, E.4    Insunza, A.5    Cotton, D.B.6
  • 12
    • 0343371826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal blood C-reactive protein, white blood cell count, and temperature in preterm labor: a comparison with amniotic fluid white blood cell count
    • Yoon, B.H., Yang, S.H., Jun, J.K., Park, K.H., Kim, C.J., Romero, R., Maternal blood C-reactive protein, white blood cell count, and temperature in preterm labor: a comparison with amniotic fluid white blood cell count. Obstet Gynecol 87 (1996), 231–237.
    • (1996) Obstet Gynecol , vol.87 , pp. 231-237
    • Yoon, B.H.1    Yang, S.H.2    Jun, J.K.3    Park, K.H.4    Kim, C.J.5    Romero, R.6
  • 13
    • 85023166628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical chorioamnionitis at term VII: the amniotic fluid cellular immune response
    • Martinez-Varea, A., Romero, R., Xu, Y., et al. Clinical chorioamnionitis at term VII: the amniotic fluid cellular immune response. J Perinat Med 45 (2017), 523–538.
    • (2017) J Perinat Med , vol.45 , pp. 523-538
    • Martinez-Varea, A.1    Romero, R.2    Xu, Y.3
  • 14
    • 0029553378 scopus 로고
    • Amniotic-fluid lactoferrin: a marker for subclinical intraamniotic infection prior to 32 weeks gestation
    • Heller, K.A., Greig, P.C., Heine, R.P., Amniotic-fluid lactoferrin: a marker for subclinical intraamniotic infection prior to 32 weeks gestation. Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol 3 (1995), 179–183.
    • (1995) Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol , vol.3 , pp. 179-183
    • Heller, K.A.1    Greig, P.C.2    Heine, R.P.3
  • 15
    • 0033106196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amniotic fluid lactoferrin in intrauterine infection
    • Otsuki, K., Yoda, A., Saito, H., et al. Amniotic fluid lactoferrin in intrauterine infection. Placenta 20 (1999), 175–179.
    • (1999) Placenta , vol.20 , pp. 175-179
    • Otsuki, K.1    Yoda, A.2    Saito, H.3
  • 16
    • 0033784640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lactoferrin in intrauterine infection, human parturition, and rupture of fetal membranes
    • Pacora, P., Maymon, E., Gervasi, M.T., et al. Lactoferrin in intrauterine infection, human parturition, and rupture of fetal membranes. Am J Obstet Gynecol 183 (2000), 904–910.
    • (2000) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.183 , pp. 904-910
    • Pacora, P.1    Maymon, E.2    Gervasi, M.T.3
  • 17
    • 12244260749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antimicrobial peptides in amniotic fluid: defensins, calprotectin and bacterial/permeability-increasing protein in patients with microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity, intra-amniotic inflammation, preterm labor and premature rupture of membranes
    • Espinoza, J., Chaiworapongsa, T., Romero, R., et al. Antimicrobial peptides in amniotic fluid: defensins, calprotectin and bacterial/permeability-increasing protein in patients with microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity, intra-amniotic inflammation, preterm labor and premature rupture of membranes. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 13 (2003), 2–21.
    • (2003) J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med , vol.13 , pp. 2-21
    • Espinoza, J.1    Chaiworapongsa, T.2    Romero, R.3
  • 18
    • 34248580011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human beta-defensin-2: a natural antimicrobial peptide present in amniotic fluid participates in the host response to microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity
    • Soto, E., Espinoza, J., Nien, J.K., et al. Human beta-defensin-2: a natural antimicrobial peptide present in amniotic fluid participates in the host response to microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 20 (2007), 15–22.
    • (2007) J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med , vol.20 , pp. 15-22
    • Soto, E.1    Espinoza, J.2    Nien, J.K.3
  • 19
    • 84955272238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence of perturbations of the cytokine network in preterm labor
    • Romero, R., Grivel, J.C., Tarca, A.L., et al. Evidence of perturbations of the cytokine network in preterm labor. Am J Obstet Gynecol 213 (2015), 836.e1–836.e18.
    • (2015) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.213 , pp. 836.e1-836.e18
    • Romero, R.1    Grivel, J.C.2    Tarca, A.L.3
  • 20
    • 84955317692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical chorioamnionitis at term II: the intra-amniotic inflammatory response
    • Romero, R., Chaemsaithong, P., Korzeniewski, S.J., et al. Clinical chorioamnionitis at term II: the intra-amniotic inflammatory response. J Perinat Med 44 (2016), 5–22.
    • (2016) J Perinat Med , vol.44 , pp. 5-22
    • Romero, R.1    Chaemsaithong, P.2    Korzeniewski, S.J.3
  • 21
    • 84940461616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of intraamniotic inflammation in fresh and processed amniotic fluid samples with the interleukin-6 point of care test
    • Kacerovsky, M., Musilova, I., Stepan, M., Andrys, C., Drahosova, M., Jacobsson, B., Detection of intraamniotic inflammation in fresh and processed amniotic fluid samples with the interleukin-6 point of care test. Am J Obstet Gynecol 213 (2015), 435–436.
    • (2015) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.213 , pp. 435-436
    • Kacerovsky, M.1    Musilova, I.2    Stepan, M.3    Andrys, C.4    Drahosova, M.5    Jacobsson, B.6
  • 23
    • 0023547901 scopus 로고
    • Prostaglandin concentrations in amniotic fluid of women with intra-amniotic infection and preterm labor
    • Romero, R., Emamian, M., Wan, M., Quintero, R., Hobbins, J.C., Mitchell, M.D., Prostaglandin concentrations in amniotic fluid of women with intra-amniotic infection and preterm labor. Am J Obstet Gynecol 157 (1987), 1461–1467.
    • (1987) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.157 , pp. 1461-1467
    • Romero, R.1    Emamian, M.2    Wan, M.3    Quintero, R.4    Hobbins, J.C.5    Mitchell, M.D.6
  • 26
    • 0024636255 scopus 로고
    • Prostaglandins, inflammation, and preterm labor
    • Bry, K., Hallman, M., Prostaglandins, inflammation, and preterm labor. J Perinatol 9 (1989), 60–65.
    • (1989) J Perinatol , vol.9 , pp. 60-65
    • Bry, K.1    Hallman, M.2
  • 27
    • 0025130483 scopus 로고
    • Changes in amniotic fluid concentrations of prostaglandins E2 and F2 alpha in women with preterm labor
    • Mazor, M., Wiznitzer, A., Maymon, E., Leiberman, J.R., Cohen, A., Changes in amniotic fluid concentrations of prostaglandins E2 and F2 alpha in women with preterm labor. Isr J Med Sci 26 (1990), 425–428.
    • (1990) Isr J Med Sci , vol.26 , pp. 425-428
    • Mazor, M.1    Wiznitzer, A.2    Maymon, E.3    Leiberman, J.R.4    Cohen, A.5
  • 28
    • 0032446142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dual roles of amniotic fluid nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2 in preterm labor with intra-amniotic infection
    • Hsu, C.D., Meaddough, E., Aversa, K., et al. Dual roles of amniotic fluid nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2 in preterm labor with intra-amniotic infection. Am J Perinatol 15 (1998), 683–687.
    • (1998) Am J Perinatol , vol.15 , pp. 683-687
    • Hsu, C.D.1    Meaddough, E.2    Aversa, K.3
  • 29
    • 70350634024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amniotic fluid prostaglandin F2 increases even in sterile amniotic fluid and is an independent predictor of impending delivery in preterm premature rupture of membranes
    • Lee, S.E., Park, I.S., Romero, R., Yoon, B.H., Amniotic fluid prostaglandin F2 increases even in sterile amniotic fluid and is an independent predictor of impending delivery in preterm premature rupture of membranes. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 22 (2009), 880–886.
    • (2009) J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med , vol.22 , pp. 880-886
    • Lee, S.E.1    Park, I.S.2    Romero, R.3    Yoon, B.H.4
  • 30
    • 84912071097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eicosanomic profiling reveals dominance of the epoxygenase pathway in human amniotic fluid at term in spontaneous labor
    • Maddipati, K.R., Romero, R., Chaiworapongsa, T., et al. Eicosanomic profiling reveals dominance of the epoxygenase pathway in human amniotic fluid at term in spontaneous labor. FASEB J 28 (2014), 4835–4846.
    • (2014) FASEB J , vol.28 , pp. 4835-4846
    • Maddipati, K.R.1    Romero, R.2    Chaiworapongsa, T.3
  • 31
    • 85018158286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elevated prostaglandin F2a concentration in amniotic fluid is an independent risk factor for intra-amniotic inflammation and adverse pregnancy outcome in patients with preterm labor
    • Park, J.Y., Ahn, T.G., Lee, J., Yoon, B.H., Elevated prostaglandin F2a concentration in amniotic fluid is an independent risk factor for intra-amniotic inflammation and adverse pregnancy outcome in patients with preterm labor. Am J Obstet Gynecol, 212, 2015, S360.
    • (2015) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.212 , pp. S360
    • Park, J.Y.1    Ahn, T.G.2    Lee, J.3    Yoon, B.H.4
  • 32
    • 84949779640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An elevated amniotic fluid prostaglandin F2alpha concentration is associated with intra-amniotic inflammation/infection, and clinical and histologic chorioamnionitis, as well as impending preterm delivery in patients with preterm labor and intact membranes
    • Park, J.Y., Romero, R., Lee, J., Chaemsaithong, P., Chaiyasit, N., Yoon, B.H., An elevated amniotic fluid prostaglandin F2alpha concentration is associated with intra-amniotic inflammation/infection, and clinical and histologic chorioamnionitis, as well as impending preterm delivery in patients with preterm labor and intact membranes. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 29 (2016), 2563–2572.
    • (2016) J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med , vol.29 , pp. 2563-2572
    • Park, J.Y.1    Romero, R.2    Lee, J.3    Chaemsaithong, P.4    Chaiyasit, N.5    Yoon, B.H.6
  • 33
    • 84990934066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical chorioamnionitis at term: the amniotic fluid fatty acyl lipidome
    • Maddipati, K.R., Romero, R., Chaiworapongsa, T., et al. Clinical chorioamnionitis at term: the amniotic fluid fatty acyl lipidome. J Lipid Res 57 (2016), 1906–1916.
    • (2016) J Lipid Res , vol.57 , pp. 1906-1916
    • Maddipati, K.R.1    Romero, R.2    Chaiworapongsa, T.3
  • 36
    • 84895781970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A novel molecular microbiologic technique for the rapid diagnosis of microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity and intra-amniotic infection in preterm labor with intact membranes
    • Romero, R., Miranda, J., Chaiworapongsa, T., et al. A novel molecular microbiologic technique for the rapid diagnosis of microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity and intra-amniotic infection in preterm labor with intact membranes. Am J Reprod Immunol 71 (2014), 330–358.
    • (2014) Am J Reprod Immunol , vol.71 , pp. 330-358
    • Romero, R.1    Miranda, J.2    Chaiworapongsa, T.3
  • 37
    • 84908702636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence and clinical significance of sterile intra-amniotic inflammation in patients with preterm labor and intact membranes
    • Romero, R., Miranda, J., Chaiworapongsa, T., et al. Prevalence and clinical significance of sterile intra-amniotic inflammation in patients with preterm labor and intact membranes. Am J Reprod Immunol 72 (2014), 458–474.
    • (2014) Am J Reprod Immunol , vol.72 , pp. 458-474
    • Romero, R.1    Miranda, J.2    Chaiworapongsa, T.3
  • 38
    • 84926646877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sterile intra-amniotic inflammation in asymptomatic patients with a sonographic short cervix: prevalence and clinical significance
    • Romero, R., Miranda, J., Chaiworapongsa, T., et al. Sterile intra-amniotic inflammation in asymptomatic patients with a sonographic short cervix: prevalence and clinical significance. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med, 2014, 1–17.
    • (2014) J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med , pp. 1-17
    • Romero, R.1    Miranda, J.2    Chaiworapongsa, T.3
  • 39
    • 84940783253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sterile and microbial-associated intra-amniotic inflammation in preterm prelabor rupture of membranes
    • Romero, R., Miranda, J., Chaemsaithong, P., et al. Sterile and microbial-associated intra-amniotic inflammation in preterm prelabor rupture of membranes. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 28 (2015), 1394–1409.
    • (2015) J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med , vol.28 , pp. 1394-1409
    • Romero, R.1    Miranda, J.2    Chaemsaithong, P.3
  • 40
    • 0025940386 scopus 로고
    • Neutrophil attractant/activating peptide-1/interleukin-8 in term and preterm parturition
    • Romero, R., Ceska, M., Avila, C., Mazor, M., Behnke, E., Lindley, I., Neutrophil attractant/activating peptide-1/interleukin-8 in term and preterm parturition. Am J Obstet Gynecol 165 (1991), 813–820.
    • (1991) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.165 , pp. 813-820
    • Romero, R.1    Ceska, M.2    Avila, C.3    Mazor, M.4    Behnke, E.5    Lindley, I.6
  • 41
    • 18444382351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amniotic fluid: not just fetal urine anymore
    • Underwood, M.A., Gilbert, W.M., Sherman, M.P., Amniotic fluid: not just fetal urine anymore. J Perinatol 25 (2005), 341–348.
    • (2005) J Perinatol , vol.25 , pp. 341-348
    • Underwood, M.A.1    Gilbert, W.M.2    Sherman, M.P.3
  • 43
    • 0035203828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Value of amniotic fluid neutrophil collagenase concentrations in preterm premature rupture of membranes
    • Maymon, E., Romero, R., Chaiworapongsa, T., et al. Value of amniotic fluid neutrophil collagenase concentrations in preterm premature rupture of membranes. Am J Obstet Gynecol 185 (2001), 1143–1148.
    • (2001) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.185 , pp. 1143-1148
    • Maymon, E.1    Romero, R.2    Chaiworapongsa, T.3
  • 44
    • 0036774793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neutrophil elastase and secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor in prelabor rupture of membranes, parturition and intra-amniotic infection
    • Helmig, B.R., Romero, R., Espinoza, J., et al. Neutrophil elastase and secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor in prelabor rupture of membranes, parturition and intra-amniotic infection. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 12 (2002), 237–246.
    • (2002) J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med , vol.12 , pp. 237-246
    • Helmig, B.R.1    Romero, R.2    Espinoza, J.3
  • 45
    • 3242759883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnosis of intra-amniotic infection by proteomic profiling and identification of novel biomarkers
    • Gravett, M.G., Novy, M.J., Rosenfeld, R.G., et al. Diagnosis of intra-amniotic infection by proteomic profiling and identification of novel biomarkers. JAMA 292 (2004), 462–469.
    • (2004) JAMA , vol.292 , pp. 462-469
    • Gravett, M.G.1    Novy, M.J.2    Rosenfeld, R.G.3
  • 46
    • 85023201110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neutrophil extracellular traps in the amniotic cavity of women with intra-amniotic infection: a new mechanism of host defense
    • Gomez-Lopez, N., Romero, R., Xu, Y., et al. Neutrophil extracellular traps in the amniotic cavity of women with intra-amniotic infection: a new mechanism of host defense. Reprod Sci 24 (2017), 1139–1153.
    • (2017) Reprod Sci , vol.24 , pp. 1139-1153
    • Gomez-Lopez, N.1    Romero, R.2    Xu, Y.3
  • 47
    • 85023187813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amniotic fluid neutrophils can phagocytize bacteria: a mechanism for microbial killing in the amniotic cavity
    • Gomez-Lopez, N., Romero, R., Garcia-Flores, V., et al. Amniotic fluid neutrophils can phagocytize bacteria: a mechanism for microbial killing in the amniotic cavity. Am J Reprod Immunol, 78(4), 2017, 10.1111/aji.12723.
    • (2017) Am J Reprod Immunol , vol.78 , Issue.4
    • Gomez-Lopez, N.1    Romero, R.2    Garcia-Flores, V.3
  • 48
    • 0018685753 scopus 로고
    • Pathology of the placenta and cord in ascending and in hematogenous infection
    • Blanc, W.A., Pathology of the placenta and cord in ascending and in hematogenous infection. Ciba Found Symp, 1979, 17–38.
    • (1979) Ciba Found Symp , pp. 17-38
    • Blanc, W.A.1
  • 49
    • 0030640820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fetal origin of amniotic fluid polymorphonuclear leukocytes
    • Sampson, J.E., Theve, R.P., Blatman, R.N., et al. Fetal origin of amniotic fluid polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Am J Obstet Gynecol 176 (1997), 77–81.
    • (1997) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.176 , pp. 77-81
    • Sampson, J.E.1    Theve, R.P.2    Blatman, R.N.3
  • 50
    • 0035164769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal or fetal origin of rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) amniotic fluid leukocytes can be identified by polymerase chain reaction using the zinc finger Y gene
    • Macias, A.E., Wong, S.W., Sadowsky, D.W., et al. Maternal or fetal origin of rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) amniotic fluid leukocytes can be identified by polymerase chain reaction using the zinc finger Y gene. Am J Primatol 55 (2001), 159–170.
    • (2001) Am J Primatol , vol.55 , pp. 159-170
    • Macias, A.E.1    Wong, S.W.2    Sadowsky, D.W.3
  • 51
    • 3242699459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chorionic plate vessels as an origin of amniotic fluid neutrophils
    • Lee, S.D., Kim, M.R., Hwang, P.G., Shim, S.S., Yoon, B.H., Kim, C.J., Chorionic plate vessels as an origin of amniotic fluid neutrophils. Pathol Int 54 (2004), 516–522.
    • (2004) Pathol Int , vol.54 , pp. 516-522
    • Lee, S.D.1    Kim, M.R.2    Hwang, P.G.3    Shim, S.S.4    Yoon, B.H.5    Kim, C.J.6
  • 52
    • 23344448905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal origin of inflammatory leukocytes in preterm fetal membranes, shown by fluorescence in situ hybridization
    • Steel, J.H., O'Donoghue, K., Kennea, N.L., Sullivan, M.H., Edwards, A.D., Maternal origin of inflammatory leukocytes in preterm fetal membranes, shown by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Placenta 26 (2005), 672–677.
    • (2005) Placenta , vol.26 , pp. 672-677
    • Steel, J.H.1    O'Donoghue, K.2    Kennea, N.L.3    Sullivan, M.H.4    Edwards, A.D.5
  • 53
    • 33746308625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Automated analysis of fluorescence in situ hybridization on fixed, paraffin-embedded whole tissue sections in B-cell lymphoma
    • Reichard, K.K., Hall, B.K., Corn, A., Foucar, M.K., Hozier, J., Automated analysis of fluorescence in situ hybridization on fixed, paraffin-embedded whole tissue sections in B-cell lymphoma. Mod Pathol 19 (2006), 1027–1033.
    • (2006) Mod Pathol , vol.19 , pp. 1027-1033
    • Reichard, K.K.1    Hall, B.K.2    Corn, A.3    Foucar, M.K.4    Hozier, J.5
  • 54
    • 5044225199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Encoded evidence: DNA in forensic analysis
    • Jobling, M.A., Gill, P., Encoded evidence: DNA in forensic analysis. Nat Rev Genet 5 (2004), 739–751.
    • (2004) Nat Rev Genet , vol.5 , pp. 739-751
    • Jobling, M.A.1    Gill, P.2
  • 55
    • 0020059792 scopus 로고
    • Quantitative bacteriology of amniotic fluid from women with clinical intraamniotic infection at term
    • Gibbs, R.S., Blanco, J.D., St Clair, P.J., Castaneda, Y.S., Quantitative bacteriology of amniotic fluid from women with clinical intraamniotic infection at term. J Infect Dis 145 (1982), 1–8.
    • (1982) J Infect Dis , vol.145 , pp. 1-8
    • Gibbs, R.S.1    Blanco, J.D.2    St Clair, P.J.3    Castaneda, Y.S.4
  • 56
    • 0024157149 scopus 로고
    • A randomized trial of intrapartum versus immediate postpartum treatment of women with intra-amniotic infection
    • Gibbs, R.S., Dinsmoor, M.J., Newton, E.R., Ramamurthy, R.S., A randomized trial of intrapartum versus immediate postpartum treatment of women with intra-amniotic infection. Obstet Gynecol 72 (1988), 823–828.
    • (1988) Obstet Gynecol , vol.72 , pp. 823-828
    • Gibbs, R.S.1    Dinsmoor, M.J.2    Newton, E.R.3    Ramamurthy, R.S.4
  • 58
    • 0025872856 scopus 로고
    • Progress in pathogenesis and management of clinical intraamniotic infection
    • Gibbs, R.S., Duff, P., Progress in pathogenesis and management of clinical intraamniotic infection. Am J Obstet Gynecol 164 (1991), 1317–1326.
    • (1991) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.164 , pp. 1317-1326
    • Gibbs, R.S.1    Duff, P.2
  • 59
    • 0035196297 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical significance of intra-amniotic inflammation in patients with preterm labor and intact membranes
    • Yoon, B.H., Romero, R., Moon, J.B., et al. Clinical significance of intra-amniotic inflammation in patients with preterm labor and intact membranes. Am J Obstet Gynecol 185 (2001), 1130–1136.
    • (2001) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.185 , pp. 1130-1136
    • Yoon, B.H.1    Romero, R.2    Moon, J.B.3
  • 60
    • 0024098272 scopus 로고
    • Infection in the pathogenesis of preterm labor
    • Romero, R., Mazor, M., Wu, Y.K., et al. Infection in the pathogenesis of preterm labor. Semin Perinatol 12 (1988), 262–279.
    • (1988) Semin Perinatol , vol.12 , pp. 262-279
    • Romero, R.1    Mazor, M.2    Wu, Y.K.3
  • 61
    • 0023686877 scopus 로고
    • Infection and preterm labor
    • Romero, R., Mazor, M., Infection and preterm labor. Clin Obstet Gynecol 31 (1988), 553–584.
    • (1988) Clin Obstet Gynecol , vol.31 , pp. 553-584
    • Romero, R.1    Mazor, M.2
  • 62
    • 0024449534 scopus 로고
    • Infection and labor, V: prevalence, microbiology, and clinical significance of intraamniotic infection in women with preterm labor and intact membranes
    • Romero, R., Sirtori, M., Oyarzun, E., et al. Infection and labor, V: prevalence, microbiology, and clinical significance of intraamniotic infection in women with preterm labor and intact membranes. Am J Obstet Gynecol 161 (1989), 817–824.
    • (1989) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.161 , pp. 817-824
    • Romero, R.1    Sirtori, M.2    Oyarzun, E.3
  • 63
    • 0025013394 scopus 로고
    • Infection and labor, VI: prevalence, microbiology, and clinical significance of intraamniotic infection in twin gestations with preterm labor
    • Romero, R., Shamma, F., Avila, C., et al. Infection and labor, VI: prevalence, microbiology, and clinical significance of intraamniotic infection in twin gestations with preterm labor. Am J Obstet Gynecol 163 (1990), 757–761.
    • (1990) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.163 , pp. 757-761
    • Romero, R.1    Shamma, F.2    Avila, C.3
  • 64
    • 0025719280 scopus 로고
    • Microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity in premature rupture of membranes
    • Romero, R., Ghidini, A., Mazor, M., Behnke, E., Microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity in premature rupture of membranes. Clin Obstet Gynecol 34 (1991), 769–778.
    • (1991) Clin Obstet Gynecol , vol.34 , pp. 769-778
    • Romero, R.1    Ghidini, A.2    Mazor, M.3    Behnke, E.4
  • 65
    • 0027216880 scopus 로고
    • Microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity during term labor. Prevalence and clinical significance
    • Romero, R., Nores, J., Mazor, M., et al. Microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity during term labor. Prevalence and clinical significance. J Reprod Med 38 (1993), 543–548.
    • (1993) J Reprod Med , vol.38 , pp. 543-548
    • Romero, R.1    Nores, J.2    Mazor, M.3
  • 66
    • 77952143802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The frequency and clinical significance of intra-amniotic infection and/or inflammation in women with placenta previa and vaginal bleeding: an unexpected observation
    • Madan, I., Romero, R., Kusanovic, J.P., et al. The frequency and clinical significance of intra-amniotic infection and/or inflammation in women with placenta previa and vaginal bleeding: an unexpected observation. J Perinat Med 38 (2010), 275–279.
    • (2010) J Perinat Med , vol.38 , pp. 275-279
    • Madan, I.1    Romero, R.2    Kusanovic, J.P.3
  • 67
    • 77749298308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pentraxin 3 in amniotic fluid: a novel association with intra-amniotic infection and inflammation
    • Cruciani, L., Romero, R., Vaisbuch, E., et al. Pentraxin 3 in amniotic fluid: a novel association with intra-amniotic infection and inflammation. J Perinat Med 38 (2010), 161–171.
    • (2010) J Perinat Med , vol.38 , pp. 161-171
    • Cruciani, L.1    Romero, R.2    Vaisbuch, E.3
  • 68
    • 80955131433 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) in preterm labor with intact membranes and preterm PROM: a study of the alarmin HMGB1
    • Romero, R., Chaiworapongsa, T., Alpay Savasan, Z., et al. Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) in preterm labor with intact membranes and preterm PROM: a study of the alarmin HMGB1. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 24 (2011), 1444–1455.
    • (2011) J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med , vol.24 , pp. 1444-1455
    • Romero, R.1    Chaiworapongsa, T.2    Alpay Savasan, Z.3
  • 69
    • 84861017186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical chorioamnionitis is characterized by changes in the expression of the alarmin HMGB1 and one of its receptors, sRAGE
    • Romero, R., Chaiworapongsa, T., Savasan, Z.A., et al. Clinical chorioamnionitis is characterized by changes in the expression of the alarmin HMGB1 and one of its receptors, sRAGE. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 25 (2012), 558–567.
    • (2012) J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med , vol.25 , pp. 558-567
    • Romero, R.1    Chaiworapongsa, T.2    Savasan, Z.A.3
  • 70
    • 84868661555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Midtrimester amniotic fluid concentrations of interleukin-6 and interferon-gamma-inducible protein-10: evidence for heterogeneity of intra-amniotic inflammation and associations with spontaneous early (<32 weeks) and late (>32 weeks) preterm delivery
    • Gervasi, M.T., Romero, R., Bracalente, G., et al. Midtrimester amniotic fluid concentrations of interleukin-6 and interferon-gamma-inducible protein-10: evidence for heterogeneity of intra-amniotic inflammation and associations with spontaneous early (<32 weeks) and late (>32 weeks) preterm delivery. J Perinat Med 40 (2012), 329–343.
    • (2012) J Perinat Med , vol.40 , pp. 329-343
    • Gervasi, M.T.1    Romero, R.2    Bracalente, G.3
  • 71
    • 84893659120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amniotic fluid infection, inflammation, and colonization in preterm labor with intact membranes
    • Combs, C.A., Gravett, M., Garite, T.J., et al. Amniotic fluid infection, inflammation, and colonization in preterm labor with intact membranes. Am J Obstet Gynecol 210 (2014), 125.e1–125.e15.
    • (2014) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.210 , pp. 125.e1-125.e15
    • Combs, C.A.1    Gravett, M.2    Garite, T.J.3
  • 72
    • 84897426369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prelabor rupture of membranes between 34 and 37 weeks: the intraamniotic inflammatory response and neonatal outcomes
    • Kacerovsky, M., Musilova, I., Andrys, C., et al. Prelabor rupture of membranes between 34 and 37 weeks: the intraamniotic inflammatory response and neonatal outcomes. Am J Obstet Gynecol 210 (2014), 325.e1–325.e10.
    • (2014) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.210 , pp. 325.e1-325.e10
    • Kacerovsky, M.1    Musilova, I.2    Andrys, C.3
  • 73
    • 84921284473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical chorioamnionitis at term I: microbiology of the amniotic cavity using cultivation and molecular techniques
    • Romero, R., Miranda, J., Kusanovic, J.P., et al. Clinical chorioamnionitis at term I: microbiology of the amniotic cavity using cultivation and molecular techniques. J Perinat Med 43 (2015), 19–36.
    • (2015) J Perinat Med , vol.43 , pp. 19-36
    • Romero, R.1    Miranda, J.2    Kusanovic, J.P.3
  • 74
    • 84941206228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A point of care test for the determination of amniotic fluid interleukin-6 and the chemokine CXCL-10/IP-10
    • Chaemsaithong, P., Romero, R., Korzeniewski, S.J., et al. A point of care test for the determination of amniotic fluid interleukin-6 and the chemokine CXCL-10/IP-10. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 28 (2015), 1510–1519.
    • (2015) J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med , vol.28 , pp. 1510-1519
    • Chaemsaithong, P.1    Romero, R.2    Korzeniewski, S.J.3
  • 75
    • 84951073638 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A point of care test for interleukin-6 in amniotic fluid in preterm prelabor rupture of membranes: a step toward the early treatment of acute intra-amniotic inflammation/infection
    • Chaemsaithong, P., Romero, R., Korzeniewski, S.J., et al. A point of care test for interleukin-6 in amniotic fluid in preterm prelabor rupture of membranes: a step toward the early treatment of acute intra-amniotic inflammation/infection. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 29 (2016), 360–367.
    • (2016) J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med , vol.29 , pp. 360-367
    • Chaemsaithong, P.1    Romero, R.2    Korzeniewski, S.J.3
  • 76
    • 84952637061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A rapid interleukin-6 bedside test for the identification of intra-amniotic inflammation in preterm labor with intact membranes
    • Chaemsaithong, P., Romero, R., Korzeniewski, S.J., et al. A rapid interleukin-6 bedside test for the identification of intra-amniotic inflammation in preterm labor with intact membranes. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 29 (2016), 349–359.
    • (2016) J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med , vol.29 , pp. 349-359
    • Chaemsaithong, P.1    Romero, R.2    Korzeniewski, S.J.3
  • 77
    • 0028932937 scopus 로고
    • Amniotic fluid interleukin-6: a sensitive test for antenatal diagnosis of acute inflammatory lesions of preterm placenta and prediction of perinatal morbidity
    • Yoon, B.H., Romero, R., Kim, C.J., et al. Amniotic fluid interleukin-6: a sensitive test for antenatal diagnosis of acute inflammatory lesions of preterm placenta and prediction of perinatal morbidity. Am J Obstet Gynecol 172 (1995), 960–970.
    • (1995) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.172 , pp. 960-970
    • Yoon, B.H.1    Romero, R.2    Kim, C.J.3
  • 78
    • 0242425777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The clinical significance of detecting Ureaplasma urealyticum by the polymerase chain reaction in the amniotic fluid of patients with preterm labor
    • Yoon, B.H., Romero, R., Lim, J.H., et al. The clinical significance of detecting Ureaplasma urealyticum by the polymerase chain reaction in the amniotic fluid of patients with preterm labor. Am J Obstet Gynecol 189 (2003), 919–924.
    • (2003) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.189 , pp. 919-924
    • Yoon, B.H.1    Romero, R.2    Lim, J.H.3
  • 79
    • 52649117166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microbial prevalence, diversity and abundance in amniotic fluid during preterm labor: a molecular and culture-based investigation
    • DiGiulio, D.B., Romero, R., Amogan, H.P., et al. Microbial prevalence, diversity and abundance in amniotic fluid during preterm labor: a molecular and culture-based investigation. PLoS One, 3, 2008, e3056.
    • (2008) PLoS One , vol.3 , pp. e3056
    • DiGiulio, D.B.1    Romero, R.2    Amogan, H.P.3
  • 80
    • 77956458328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity in pregnancies with small-for-gestational-age fetuses
    • DiGiulio, D.B., Gervasi, M.T., Romero, R., et al. Microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity in pregnancies with small-for-gestational-age fetuses. J Perinat Med 38 (2010), 495–502.
    • (2010) J Perinat Med , vol.38 , pp. 495-502
    • DiGiulio, D.B.1    Gervasi, M.T.2    Romero, R.3
  • 81
    • 0025124173 scopus 로고
    • Amniotic fluid glucose concentration: a rapid and simple method for the detection of intraamniotic infection in preterm labor
    • Romero, R., Jimenez, C., Lohda, A.K., et al. Amniotic fluid glucose concentration: a rapid and simple method for the detection of intraamniotic infection in preterm labor. Am J Obstet Gynecol 163 (1990), 968–974.
    • (1990) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.163 , pp. 968-974
    • Romero, R.1    Jimenez, C.2    Lohda, A.K.3
  • 82
    • 0023676087 scopus 로고
    • The value and limitations of the Gram stain examination in the diagnosis of intraamniotic infection
    • Romero, R., Emamian, M., Quintero, R., et al. The value and limitations of the Gram stain examination in the diagnosis of intraamniotic infection. Am J Obstet Gynecol 159 (1988), 114–119.
    • (1988) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.159 , pp. 114-119
    • Romero, R.1    Emamian, M.2    Quintero, R.3
  • 83
    • 68149164687 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Widespread microbial invasion of the chorioamniotic membranes is a consequence and not a cause of intra-amniotic infection
    • Kim, M.J., Romero, R., Gervasi, M.T., et al. Widespread microbial invasion of the chorioamniotic membranes is a consequence and not a cause of intra-amniotic infection. Lab Invest 89 (2009), 924–936.
    • (2009) Lab Invest , vol.89 , pp. 924-936
    • Kim, M.J.1    Romero, R.2    Gervasi, M.T.3
  • 84
    • 0028870055 scopus 로고
    • Mid-trimester fetal sex determination from maternal peripheral blood by fluorescence in situ hybridization without enrichment of fetal cells
    • Hamada, H., Arinami, T., Sohda, S., Hamaguchi, H., Kubo, T., Mid-trimester fetal sex determination from maternal peripheral blood by fluorescence in situ hybridization without enrichment of fetal cells. Prenat Diagn 15 (1995), 78–81.
    • (1995) Prenat Diagn , vol.15 , pp. 78-81
    • Hamada, H.1    Arinami, T.2    Sohda, S.3    Hamaguchi, H.4    Kubo, T.5
  • 85
    • 0033983677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of prenatal chromosomal analysis using multicolor fluorescent in situ hybridization
    • Thilaganathan, B., Sairam, S., Ballard, T., Peterson, C., Meredith, R., Effectiveness of prenatal chromosomal analysis using multicolor fluorescent in situ hybridization. BJOG 107 (2000), 262–266.
    • (2000) BJOG , vol.107 , pp. 262-266
    • Thilaganathan, B.1    Sairam, S.2    Ballard, T.3    Peterson, C.4    Meredith, R.5
  • 86
    • 77949387273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sensitivity of fluorescence in situ hybridization for melanoma diagnosis using RREB1, MYB, Cep6, and 11q13 probes in melanoma subtypes
    • Gerami, P., Mafee, M., Lurtsbarapa, T., Guitart, J., Haghighat, Z., Newman, M., Sensitivity of fluorescence in situ hybridization for melanoma diagnosis using RREB1, MYB, Cep6, and 11q13 probes in melanoma subtypes. Arch Dermatol 146 (2010), 273–278.
    • (2010) Arch Dermatol , vol.146 , pp. 273-278
    • Gerami, P.1    Mafee, M.2    Lurtsbarapa, T.3    Guitart, J.4    Haghighat, Z.5    Newman, M.6
  • 87
    • 84942586832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute chorioamnionitis and funisitis: definition, pathologic features, and clinical significance
    • Kim, C.J., Romero, R., Chaemsaithong, P., Chaiyasit, N., Yoon, B.H., Kim, Y.M., Acute chorioamnionitis and funisitis: definition, pathologic features, and clinical significance. Am J Obstet Gynecol 213 (2015), S29–S52.
    • (2015) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.213 , pp. S29-S52
    • Kim, C.J.1    Romero, R.2    Chaemsaithong, P.3    Chaiyasit, N.4    Yoon, B.H.5    Kim, Y.M.6
  • 88
    • 84942596721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Classification of placental lesions
    • Redline, R.W., Classification of placental lesions. Am J Obstet Gynecol 213 (2015), S21–S28.
    • (2015) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.213 , pp. S21-S28
    • Redline, R.W.1
  • 89
    • 0142249967 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amniotic infection syndrome: nosology and reproducibility of placental reaction patterns
    • Redline, R.W., Faye-Petersen, O., Heller, D., et al. Amniotic infection syndrome: nosology and reproducibility of placental reaction patterns. Pediatr Dev Pathol 6 (2003), 435–448.
    • (2003) Pediatr Dev Pathol , vol.6 , pp. 435-448
    • Redline, R.W.1    Faye-Petersen, O.2    Heller, D.3
  • 90
    • 33745848849 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammatory responses in the placenta and umbilical cord
    • Redline, R.W., Inflammatory responses in the placenta and umbilical cord. Semin Fetal Neonatal Med 11 (2006), 296–301.
    • (2006) Semin Fetal Neonatal Med , vol.11 , pp. 296-301
    • Redline, R.W.1
  • 91
    • 84965059195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sampling and definitions of placental lesions: Amsterdam Placental Workshop Group Consensus Statement
    • Khong, T.Y., Mooney, E.E., Ariel, I., et al. Sampling and definitions of placental lesions: Amsterdam Placental Workshop Group Consensus Statement. Arch Pathol Lab Med 140 (2016), 698–713.
    • (2016) Arch Pathol Lab Med , vol.140 , pp. 698-713
    • Khong, T.Y.1    Mooney, E.E.2    Ariel, I.3
  • 92
    • 0028598869 scopus 로고
    • Induction of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in rhesus monkeys after intraamniotic infection with group B streptococci or interleukin-1 infusion
    • Witkin, S.S., Gravett, M.G., Haluska, G.J., Novy, M.J., Induction of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in rhesus monkeys after intraamniotic infection with group B streptococci or interleukin-1 infusion. Am J Obstet Gynecol 171 (1994), 1668–1672.
    • (1994) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.171 , pp. 1668-1672
    • Witkin, S.S.1    Gravett, M.G.2    Haluska, G.J.3    Novy, M.J.4
  • 93
    • 0029877627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-1 beta intra-amniotic infusion induces tumor necrosis factor-alpha, prostaglandin production, and preterm contractions in pregnant rhesus monkeys
    • Baggia, S., Gravett, M.G., Witkin, S.S., Haluska, G.J., Novy, M.J., Interleukin-1 beta intra-amniotic infusion induces tumor necrosis factor-alpha, prostaglandin production, and preterm contractions in pregnant rhesus monkeys. J Soc Gynecol Investig 3 (1996), 121–126.
    • (1996) J Soc Gynecol Investig , vol.3 , pp. 121-126
    • Baggia, S.1    Gravett, M.G.2    Witkin, S.S.3    Haluska, G.J.4    Novy, M.J.5
  • 94
    • 0031839610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amniotic fluid prolactin is decreased by experimental intrauterine infection or interleukin-1beta infusion but not via prostaglandins in pregnant rhesus macaques
    • Bethea, C.L., Gravett, M.G., Sadowsky, D.W., Haluska, G.J., Axthelm, M.K., Novy, M.J., Amniotic fluid prolactin is decreased by experimental intrauterine infection or interleukin-1beta infusion but not via prostaglandins in pregnant rhesus macaques. Biol Reprod 58 (1998), 1385–1393.
    • (1998) Biol Reprod , vol.58 , pp. 1385-1393
    • Bethea, C.L.1    Gravett, M.G.2    Sadowsky, D.W.3    Haluska, G.J.4    Axthelm, M.K.5    Novy, M.J.6
  • 95
    • 0036155685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in amniotic fluid and amniochorion in spontaneous labor and after experimental intrauterine infection or interleukin-1 beta infusion in pregnant rhesus monkeys
    • Vadillo-Ortega, F., Sadowsky, D.W., Haluska, G.J., et al. Identification of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in amniotic fluid and amniochorion in spontaneous labor and after experimental intrauterine infection or interleukin-1 beta infusion in pregnant rhesus monkeys. Am J Obstet Gynecol 186 (2002), 128–138.
    • (2002) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.186 , pp. 128-138
    • Vadillo-Ortega, F.1    Sadowsky, D.W.2    Haluska, G.J.3
  • 96
    • 33751251422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preterm labor is induced by intraamniotic infusions of interleukin-1beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha but not by interleukin-6 or interleukin-8 in a nonhuman primate model
    • Sadowsky, D.W., Adams, K.M., Gravett, M.G., Witkin, S.S., Novy, M.J., Preterm labor is induced by intraamniotic infusions of interleukin-1beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha but not by interleukin-6 or interleukin-8 in a nonhuman primate model. Am J Obstet Gynecol 195 (2006), 1578–1589.
    • (2006) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.195 , pp. 1578-1589
    • Sadowsky, D.W.1    Adams, K.M.2    Gravett, M.G.3    Witkin, S.S.4    Novy, M.J.5
  • 97
    • 84955138835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intra-amniotic administration of hmgb1 induces spontaneous preterm labor and birth
    • Gomez-Lopez, N., Romero, R., Plazyo, O., et al. Intra-amniotic administration of hmgb1 induces spontaneous preterm labor and birth. Am J Reprod Immunol 75 (2016), 3–7.
    • (2016) Am J Reprod Immunol , vol.75 , pp. 3-7
    • Gomez-Lopez, N.1    Romero, R.2    Plazyo, O.3
  • 98
    • 85015407320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hmgb1 induces an inflammatory response in the chorioamniotic membranes that is partially mediated by the inflammasome
    • Plazyo, O., Romero, R., Unkel, R., et al. Hmgb1 induces an inflammatory response in the chorioamniotic membranes that is partially mediated by the inflammasome. Biol Reprod, 95, 2016, 130.
    • (2016) Biol Reprod , vol.95 , pp. 130
    • Plazyo, O.1    Romero, R.2    Unkel, R.3
  • 99
    • 0032898441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elevated concentrations of interleukin-6 in intra-amniotic infection with Ureaplasma urealyticum in asymptomatic women during genetic amniocentesis
    • Bashiri, A., Horowitz, S., Huleihel, M., Hackmon, R., Dukler, D., Mazor, M., Elevated concentrations of interleukin-6 in intra-amniotic infection with Ureaplasma urealyticum in asymptomatic women during genetic amniocentesis. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 78 (1999), 379–382.
    • (1999) Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand , vol.78 , pp. 379-382
    • Bashiri, A.1    Horowitz, S.2    Huleihel, M.3    Hackmon, R.4    Dukler, D.5    Mazor, M.6
  • 100
    • 0037312463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of Ureaplasma urealyticum in second-trimester amniotic fluid by polymerase chain reaction correlates with subsequent preterm labor and delivery
    • Gerber, S., Vial, Y., Hohlfeld, P., Witkin, S.S., Detection of Ureaplasma urealyticum in second-trimester amniotic fluid by polymerase chain reaction correlates with subsequent preterm labor and delivery. J Infect Dis 187 (2003), 518–521.
    • (2003) J Infect Dis , vol.187 , pp. 518-521
    • Gerber, S.1    Vial, Y.2    Hohlfeld, P.3    Witkin, S.S.4
  • 101
    • 0037901179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microbial invasion and cytokine response in amniotic fluid in a Swedish population of women with preterm prelabor rupture of membranes
    • Jacobsson, B., Mattsby-Baltzer, I., Andersch, B., et al. Microbial invasion and cytokine response in amniotic fluid in a Swedish population of women with preterm prelabor rupture of membranes. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 82 (2003), 423–431.
    • (2003) Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand , vol.82 , pp. 423-431
    • Jacobsson, B.1    Mattsby-Baltzer, I.2    Andersch, B.3
  • 102
    • 84931561323 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of a gene in Mycoplasma hominis associated with preterm birth and microbial burden in intraamniotic infection
    • Allen-Daniels, M.J., Serrano, M.G., Pflugner, L.P., et al. Identification of a gene in Mycoplasma hominis associated with preterm birth and microbial burden in intraamniotic infection. Am J Obstet Gynecol 212 (2015), 779.e1–779.e13.
    • (2015) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.212 , pp. 779.e1-779.e13
    • Allen-Daniels, M.J.1    Serrano, M.G.2    Pflugner, L.P.3
  • 103
    • 84956780858 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polymicrobial amniotic fluid infection with Mycoplasma/ureaplasma and other bacteria induces severe intra-amniotic inflammation associated with poor perinatal prognosis in preterm labor
    • Yoneda, N., Yoneda, S., Niimi, H., et al. Polymicrobial amniotic fluid infection with Mycoplasma/ureaplasma and other bacteria induces severe intra-amniotic inflammation associated with poor perinatal prognosis in preterm labor. Am J Reprod Immunol 75 (2016), 112–125.
    • (2016) Am J Reprod Immunol , vol.75 , pp. 112-125
    • Yoneda, N.1    Yoneda, S.2    Niimi, H.3
  • 104
    • 85017477175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Twenty-four percent of patients with clinical chorioamnionitis in preterm gestations have no evidence of either culture-proven intraamniotic infection or intraamniotic inflammation
    • Oh, K.J., Kim, S.M., Hong, J.S., et al. Twenty-four percent of patients with clinical chorioamnionitis in preterm gestations have no evidence of either culture-proven intraamniotic infection or intraamniotic inflammation. Am J Obstet Gynecol 216 (2017), 604.e1–604.e11.
    • (2017) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.216 , pp. 604.e1-604.e11
    • Oh, K.J.1    Kim, S.M.2    Hong, J.S.3
  • 106
    • 84906089611 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preterm labor: one syndrome, many causes
    • Romero, R., Dey, S.K., Fisher, S.J., Preterm labor: one syndrome, many causes. Science 345 (2014), 760–765.
    • (2014) Science , vol.345 , pp. 760-765
    • Romero, R.1    Dey, S.K.2    Fisher, S.J.3
  • 108
    • 77953510768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnosis and management of clinical chorioamnionitis
    • Tita, A.T., Andrews, W.W., Diagnosis and management of clinical chorioamnionitis. Clin Perinatol 37 (2010), 339–354.
    • (2010) Clin Perinatol , vol.37 , pp. 339-354
    • Tita, A.T.1    Andrews, W.W.2
  • 109
    • 84905244848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chorioamnionitis: epidemiology of newborn management and outcome United States 2008
    • Malloy, M.H., Chorioamnionitis: epidemiology of newborn management and outcome United States 2008. J Perinatol 34 (2014), 611–615.
    • (2014) J Perinatol , vol.34 , pp. 611-615
    • Malloy, M.H.1
  • 110
    • 85045219942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chorioamnionitis and its effect on neonatal correction of acidemia in the very low birthweight infant
    • Johnson, C., Burd, I., Northington, F., Graham, E., Chorioamnionitis and its effect on neonatal correction of acidemia in the very low birthweight infant. Am J Obstet Gynecol, 212, 2015, S160.
    • (2015) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.212 , pp. S160
    • Johnson, C.1    Burd, I.2    Northington, F.3    Graham, E.4
  • 111
    • 84948082102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy and outcome in term neonates with chorioamnionitis
    • Johnson, C.B., Jenkins, D.D., Bentzley, J.P., et al. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy and outcome in term neonates with chorioamnionitis. J Perinatol 35 (2015), 1030–1036.
    • (2015) J Perinatol , vol.35 , pp. 1030-1036
    • Johnson, C.B.1    Jenkins, D.D.2    Bentzley, J.P.3
  • 113
    • 84958225681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chorioamnionitis and neonatal outcome in preterm infants: a clinical overview
    • Pugni, L., Pietrasanta, C., Acaia, B., et al. Chorioamnionitis and neonatal outcome in preterm infants: a clinical overview. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 29 (2016), 1525–1529.
    • (2016) J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med , vol.29 , pp. 1525-1529
    • Pugni, L.1    Pietrasanta, C.2    Acaia, B.3
  • 114
    • 85045213948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abnormal brain imaging in infants exposed to chorioamnionitis and sepsis
    • Haar, E.M., Gyamfi-Bannerman, C., Randis, T.M., Abnormal brain imaging in infants exposed to chorioamnionitis and sepsis. Am J Obstet Gynecol 214 (2016), S11–S12.
    • (2016) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.214 , pp. S11-S12
    • Haar, E.M.1    Gyamfi-Bannerman, C.2    Randis, T.M.3
  • 115
    • 85045198444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retrospective review of maternal and neonatal outcomes with discordant histologic and clinical chorioamnionitis in labor
    • Rushing, N., Pippin, L., Black, L., Fortner, K., Retrospective review of maternal and neonatal outcomes with discordant histologic and clinical chorioamnionitis in labor. Am J Obstet Gynecol 215 (2016), S823–S824.
    • (2016) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.215 , pp. S823-S824
    • Rushing, N.1    Pippin, L.2    Black, L.3    Fortner, K.4
  • 116
    • 58249119470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ureaplasma parvum or Mycoplasma hominis as sole pathogens cause chorioamnionitis, preterm delivery, and fetal pneumonia in rhesus macaques
    • Novy, M.J., Duffy, L., Axthelm, M.K., et al. Ureaplasma parvum or Mycoplasma hominis as sole pathogens cause chorioamnionitis, preterm delivery, and fetal pneumonia in rhesus macaques. Reprod Sci 16 (2009), 56–70.
    • (2009) Reprod Sci , vol.16 , pp. 56-70
    • Novy, M.J.1    Duffy, L.2    Axthelm, M.K.3
  • 117
    • 84859422743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of the microbial load of genital mycoplasmas and gestational age on the intensity of intraamniotic inflammation
    • Kacerovsky, M., Pliskova, L., Bolehovska, R., et al. The impact of the microbial load of genital mycoplasmas and gestational age on the intensity of intraamniotic inflammation. Am J Obstet Gynecol 206 (2012), 342.e1–342.e8.
    • (2012) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.206 , pp. 342.e1-342.e8
    • Kacerovsky, M.1    Pliskova, L.2    Bolehovska, R.3
  • 118
    • 85029333677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chorioamnionitis induced by intraamniotic injection of IL1, LPS or Ureaplasma parvum is associated with an altered microbiome in a primate model of inflammatory preterm birth (PTB)
    • Prince, A., Ma, J., Miller, L., et al. Chorioamnionitis induced by intraamniotic injection of IL1, LPS or Ureaplasma parvum is associated with an altered microbiome in a primate model of inflammatory preterm birth (PTB). Am J Obstet Gynecol, 212, 2015, S153.
    • (2015) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.212 , pp. S153
    • Prince, A.1    Ma, J.2    Miller, L.3
  • 119
    • 85006371844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intra-amniotic Ureaplasma parvum-induced maternal and fetal inflammation and immune responses in rhesus macaques
    • Senthamaraikannan, P., Presicce, P., Rueda, C.M., et al. Intra-amniotic Ureaplasma parvum-induced maternal and fetal inflammation and immune responses in rhesus macaques. J Infect Dis 214 (2016), 1597–1604.
    • (2016) J Infect Dis , vol.214 , pp. 1597-1604
    • Senthamaraikannan, P.1    Presicce, P.2    Rueda, C.M.3
  • 120
    • 85045217714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel ex vivo system to evaluate inflammation of gestational membranes in response to U parvum
    • Potts, L.C., Feng, L., Jayes, F.L., Murtha, A.P., Novel ex vivo system to evaluate inflammation of gestational membranes in response to U parvum. Am J Obstet Gynecol 214 (2016), S192–S193.
    • (2016) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.214 , pp. S192-S193
    • Potts, L.C.1    Feng, L.2    Jayes, F.L.3    Murtha, A.P.4
  • 121
    • 85045208065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is maternal genital Mycoplasma colonization associated with histologic chorioamnionitis?
    • Horowitz, J., Hussain, N., Sanders, M., Campbell, W., Is maternal genital Mycoplasma colonization associated with histologic chorioamnionitis?. Am J Obstet Gynecol, 212, 2015, S394.
    • (2015) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.212 , pp. S394
    • Horowitz, J.1    Hussain, N.2    Sanders, M.3    Campbell, W.4
  • 122
    • 84955315719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical chorioamnionitis at term VI: acute chorioamnionitis and funisitis according to the presence or absence of microorganisms and inflammation in the amniotic cavity
    • Romero, R., Chaemsaithong, P., Docheva, N., et al. Clinical chorioamnionitis at term VI: acute chorioamnionitis and funisitis according to the presence or absence of microorganisms and inflammation in the amniotic cavity. J Perinat Med 44 (2016), 33–51.
    • (2016) J Perinat Med , vol.44 , pp. 33-51
    • Romero, R.1    Chaemsaithong, P.2    Docheva, N.3
  • 123
    • 84959377822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meconium aspiration syndrome: a role for fetal systemic inflammation
    • Lee, J., Romero, R., Lee, K.A., et al. Meconium aspiration syndrome: a role for fetal systemic inflammation. Am J Obstet Gynecol 214 (2016), 366.e1–366.e9.
    • (2016) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.214 , pp. 366.e1-366.e9
    • Lee, J.1    Romero, R.2    Lee, K.A.3
  • 124
    • 84962595211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytokines in noninvasively obtained amniotic fluid as predictors of fetal inflammatory response syndrome
    • Kunze, M., Klar, M., Morfeld, C.A., et al. Cytokines in noninvasively obtained amniotic fluid as predictors of fetal inflammatory response syndrome. Am J Obstet Gynecol 215 (2016), 96.e1–96.e8.
    • (2016) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.215 , pp. 96.e1-96.e8
    • Kunze, M.1    Klar, M.2    Morfeld, C.A.3
  • 125
    • 0031431365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determining the maternal and fetal cellular immunologic contributions in preterm deliveries with clinical or subclinical chorioamnionitis
    • McNamara, M.F., Wallis, T., Qureshi, F., Jacques, S.M., Gonik, B., Determining the maternal and fetal cellular immunologic contributions in preterm deliveries with clinical or subclinical chorioamnionitis. Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol 5 (1997), 273–279.
    • (1997) Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol , vol.5 , pp. 273-279
    • McNamara, M.F.1    Wallis, T.2    Qureshi, F.3    Jacques, S.M.4    Gonik, B.5
  • 126
    • 85007574288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neutrophil extracellular traps in acute chorioamnionitis: a mechanism of host defense
    • Gomez-Lopez, N., Romero, R., Leng, Y., et al. Neutrophil extracellular traps in acute chorioamnionitis: a mechanism of host defense. Am J Reprod Immunol, 2017, 77.
    • (2017) Am J Reprod Immunol , pp. 77
    • Gomez-Lopez, N.1    Romero, R.2    Leng, Y.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.