Mendelian randomization analysis in three Japanese populations supports a causal role of alcohol consumption in lowering low-density lipid cholesterol levels and particle numbers

Atherosclerosis

Volumn 254, Issue , 2016, Pages 242-248

  Tabara, Yasuharu ^a,b   Ueshima, Hirotsugu ^c   Takashima, Naoyuki ^c   Hisamatsu, Takashi ^c   Fujiyoshi, Akira ^c   Zaid, Maryam ^c   Sumi, Masaki ^c   Kohara, Katsuhiko ^d   Miki, Tetsuro ^a,b   Miura, Katsuyuki ^c  

^a KYOTO UNIVERSITY GRADUATE SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (Japan)

^b EHIME UNIVERSITY GRADUATE SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (Japan)

^c SHIGA UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCE   (Japan)

^d EHIME UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

Author keywords

Alcohol consumption; Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2; Genotype; LDL cholesterol; LDL particles; Mendelian randomization analysis

Indexed keywords

ALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE ISOENZYME 2; CHOLESTEROL ESTER TRANSFER PROTEIN; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; ALDH2 PROTEIN, HUMAN; CETP PROTEIN, HUMAN; CHOLESTEROL; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN; LIPOPROTEIN;

ADULT; AGED; ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION; ALLELE; ARTICLE; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; GENETIC ASSOCIATION; GENOTYPE; HETEROZYGOTE; HUMAN; JAPANESE (PEOPLE); LIPOPROTEIN BLOOD LEVEL; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MENDELIAN RANDOMIZATION ANALYSIS; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; PLEIOTROPY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUESTIONNAIRE; SEX DIFFERENCE; ASIAN CONTINENTAL ANCESTRY GROUP; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; BLOOD; COHORT ANALYSIS; DRINKING BEHAVIOR; ETHNOLOGY; GENETICS; HOMOZYGOTE; JAPAN; MIDDLE AGED; PARTICLE SIZE;

ADULT; AGED; ALCOHOL DRINKING; ALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE, MITOCHONDRIAL; ALLELES; ASIAN CONTINENTAL ANCESTRY GROUP; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; CHOLESTEROL; CHOLESTEROL ESTER TRANSFER PROTEINS; CHOLESTEROL, LDL; COHORT STUDIES; FEMALE; GENOTYPE; HOMOZYGOTE; HUMANS; JAPAN; LIPOPROTEINS; LIPOPROTEINS, HDL; LIPOPROTEINS, LDL; MALE; MENDELIAN RANDOMIZATION ANALYSIS; MIDDLE AGED; PARTICLE SIZE;

EID: 85027926660     PISSN: 00219150     EISSN: 18791484     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.08.021     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. [1] Ronksley, P.E., Brien, S.E., Turner, B.J., Mukamal, K.J., Ghali, W.A., Association of alcohol consumption with selected cardiovascular disease outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ, 342, 2011, d671.
2. [2] Di Castelnuovo, A., Costanzo, S., Bagnardi, V., Donati, M.B., Iacoviello, L., de Gaetano, G., Alcohol dosing and total mortality in men and women: an updated meta-analysis of 34 prospective studies. Arch. Intern. Med. 166 (2006), 2437–2445.
3. [3] Ueshima, H., Mikawa, K., Baba, S., Sasaki, S., Ozawa, H., Tsushima, M., Kawaguchi, A., Omae, T., Katayama, Y., Kayamori, Y., Ito, K., Effect of reduced alcohol consumption on blood pressure in untreated hypertensive men. Hypertension 21 (1993), 248–252.
4. [4] Brinton, E.A., Effects of ethanol intake on lipoproteins and atherosclerosis. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. 21 (2010), 346–351.
5. [5] Choudhury, S.R., Ueshima, H., Kita, Y., Kobayashi, K.M., Okayama, A., Yamakawa, M., Hirao, Y., Ishikawa, M., Miyoshi, Y., Alcohol intake and serum lipids in a Japanese population. Int. J. Epidemiol. 23 (1994), 940–947.
6. [6] Zhou, Y., Yin, R., Deng, Y., Li, Y., Wu, J., Interactions between alcohol intake and the polymorphism of rs708272 on serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in the Guangxi Hei Yi Zhuang population. Alcohol 42 (2008), 583–591.
7. [7] Tolstrup, J.S., Gronbaek, M., Nordestgaard, B.G., Alcohol intake, myocardial infarction, biochemical risk factors, and alcohol dehydrogenase genotypes. Circ. Cardiovasc. Genet. 2 (2009), 507–514.
8. [8] Perissinotto, E., Buja, A., Maggi, S., Enzi, G., Manzato, E., Scafato, E., Mastrangelo, G., Frigo, A.C., Coin, A., Crepaldi, G., Sergi, G., ILSA Working Group. Alcohol consumption and cardiovascular risk factors in older lifelong wine drinkers: the Italian longitudinal study on aging. Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis. 20 (2010), 647–655.
9. [9] Onat, A., Hergenc, G., Dursunoglu, D., Ordu, S., Can, G., Bulur, S., Yüksel, H., Associations of alcohol consumption with blood pressure, lipoproteins, and subclinical inflammation among Turks. Alcohol 42 (2008), 593–601.
10. [10] Lawlor, D.A., Harbord, R.M., Sterne, J.A., Timpson, N., Davey Smith, G., Mendelian randomization: using genes as instruments for making causal inferences in epidemiology. Stat. Med. 27 (2008), 1133–1163.
11. [11] Smith, J.G., Luk, K., Schulz, C.A., Engert, J.C., Do, R., Hindy, G., Rukh, G., Dufresne, L., Almgren, P., Owens, D.S., Harris, T.B., Peloso, G.M., Kerr, K.F., Wong, Q., Smith, A.V., Budoff, M.J., Rotter, J.I., Cupples, L.A., Rich, S., Kathiresan, S., Orho-Melander, M., Gudnason, V., O'Donnell, C.J., Post, W.S., Thanassoulis, G., Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genetic Epidemiology (CHARGE) Extracoronary Calcium Working Group. Association of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol-related genetic variants with aortic valve calcium and incident aortic stenosis. JAMA 312 (2014), 1764–1771.
12. [12] Ahmad, O.S., Morris, J.A., Mujammami, M., Forgetta, V., Leong, A., Li, R., Turgeon, M., Greenwood, C.M., Thanassoulis, G., Meigs, J.B., Sladek, R., Richards, J.B., A Mendelian randomization study of the effect of type-2 diabetes on coronary heart disease. Nat. Commun., 6, 2015, 7060.
13. [13] Elliott, P., Chambers, J.C., Zhang, W., Clarke, R., Hopewell, J.C., Peden, J.F., Erdmann, J., Braund, P., Engert, J.C., Bennett, D., Coin, L., Ashby, D., Tzoulaki, I., Brown, I.J., Mt-Isa, S., McCarthy, M.I., Peltonen, L., Freimer, N.B., Farrall, M., Ruokonen, A., Hamsten, A., Lim, N., Froguel, P., Waterworth, D.M., Vollenweider, P., Waeber, G., Jarvelin, M.R., Mooser, V., Scott, J., Hall, A.S., Schunkert, H., Anand, S.S., Collins, R., Samani, N.J., Watkins, H., Kooner, J.S., Genetic Loci associated with C-reactive protein levels and risk of coronary heart disease. JAMA 302 (2009), 37–48.
14. [14] Palmer, T.M., Nordestgaard, B.G., Benn, M., Tybjærg-Hansen, A., Davey Smith, G., Lawlor, D.A., Timpson, N.J., Association of plasma uric acid with ischaemic heart disease and blood pressure: mendelian randomization analysis of two large cohorts. BMJ, 347, 2013, f4262.
15. [15] Amamoto, K., Okamura, T., Tamaki, S., Kita, Y., Tsujita, Y., Kadowaki, T., Nakamura, Y., Ueshima, H., Epidemiologic study of the association of low-Km mitochondrial acetaldehyde dehydrogenase genotypes with blood pressure level and the prevalence of hypertension in a general population. Hypertens. Res. 25 (2002), 857–864.
16. [16] Idewaki, Y., Iwase, M., Fujii, H., Ohkuma, T., Ide, H., Kaizu, S., Jodai, T., Kikuchi, Y., Hirano, A., Nakamura, U., Kubo, M., Kitazono, T., Association of genetically determined aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 activity with diabetic complications in relation to alcohol consumption in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: the Fukuoka diabetes registry. PLoS One, 10, 2015, e0143288.
17. [17] Maeda, S., Mure, K., Mugitani, K., Watanabe, Y., Iwane, M., Mohara, O., Takeshita, T., Roles of the ALDH2 and ADH1B genotypes on the association between alcohol intake and serum adiponectin levels among Japanese male workers. Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. 38 (2014), 1559–1566.
18. [18] Kato, N., Takeuchi, F., Tabara, Y., Kelly, T.N., Go, M.J., Sim, X., Tay, W.T., Chen, C.H., Zhang, Y., Yamamoto, K., Katsuya, T., Yokota, M., Kim, Y.J., Ong, R.T., Nabika, T., Gu, D., Chang, L.C., Kokubo, Y., Huang, W., Ohnaka, K., Yamori, Y., Nakashima, E., Jaquish, C.E., Lee, J.Y., Seielstad, M., Isono, M., Hixson, J.E., Chen, Y.T., Miki, T., Zhou, X., Sugiyama, T., Jeon, J.P., Liu, J.J., Takayanagi, R., Kim, S.S., Aung, T., Sung, Y.J., Zhang, X., Wong, T.Y., Han, B.G., Kobayashi, S., Ogihara, T., Zhu, D., Iwai, N., Wu, J.Y., Teo, Y.Y., Tai, E.S., Cho, Y.S., He, J., Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies common variants associated with blood pressure variation in east Asians. Nat. Genet. 43 (2011), 531–538.
19. [19] Wada, M., Daimon, M., Emi, M., Iijima, H., Sato, H., Koyano, S., Tajima, K., Kawanami, T., Kurita, K., Hunt, S.C., Hopkins, P.N., Kubota, I., Kawata, S., Kato, T., Genetic association between aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) variation and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) among non-drinkers in two large population samples in Japan. J. Atheroscler. Thromb. 15 (2008), 179–184.
20. [20] Au Yeung, S.L., Jiang, C., Cheng, K.K., Liu, B., Zhang, W., Lam, T.H., Leung, G.M., Schooling, C.M., Is aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 a credible genetic instrument for alcohol use in Mendelian randomization analysis in southern Chinese men?. Int. J. Epidemiol. 42 (2013), 318–328.
21. [21] Zaid, M., Fujiyoshi, A., Miura, K., Abbott, R.D., Okamura, T., Takashima, N., Torii, S., Saito, Y., Hisamatsu, T., Miyagawa, N., Ohkubo, T., Kadota, A., Sekikawa, A., Maegawa, H., Nakamura, Y., Mitsunami, K., Ueshima, H., SESSA Research group. High-density lipoprotein particle concentration and subclinical atherosclerosis of the carotid arteries in Japanese men. Atherosclerosis 239 (2015), 444–450.
22. [22] Ueshima, H., Kadowaki, T., Hisamatsu, T., Fujiyoshi, A., Miura, K., Ohkubo, T., Sekikawa, A., Kadota, A., Kadowaki, S., Nakamura, Y., Miyagawa, N., Okamura, T., Kita, Y., Takashima, N., Kashiwagi, A., Maegawa, H., Horie, M., Yamamoto, T., Kimura, T., Kita, T., ACCESS and SESSA Research Groups. Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 is related to risk of subclinical atherosclerosis but is not supported by Mendelian randomization analysis in a general Japanese population. Atherosclerosis 246 (2016), 141–147.
23. [23] Tabara, Y., Okada, Y., Ohara, M., Uetani, E., Kido, T., Ochi, N., Nagai, T., Igase, M., Miki, T., Matsuda, F., Kohara, K., Association of postural instability with asymptomatic cerebrovascular damage and cognitive decline: the Japan Shimanami health promoting program study. Stroke 46 (2015), 16–22.
24. [24] Kohara, K., Ochi, M., Tabara, Y., Nagai, T., Igase, M., Miki, T., Arterial stiffness in sarcopenic visceral obesity in the elderly: J-SHIPP study. Int. J. Cardiol. 158 (2012), 146–148.
25. [25] Otvos, J.D., Measurement of lipoprotein subclass profiles by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Clin. Lab. 48 (2002), 171–180.
26. [26] Willer, C.J., Li, Y., Abecasis, G.R., METAL: fast and efficient meta-analysis of genomewide association scans. Bioinformatics 26 (2010), 2190–2191.
27. [27] Cho, Y., Shin, S.Y., Won, S., Relton, C.L., Davey Smith, G., Shin, M.J., Alcohol intake and cardiovascular risk factors: a Mendelian randomization study. Sci. Rep., 5, 2015, 18422.
28. [28] Au Yeung, S.L., Jiang, C., Cheng, K.K., Cowling, B.J., Liu, B., Zhang, W., Lam, T.H., Leung, G.M., Schooling, C.M., Moderate alcohol use and cardiovascular disease from Mendelian randomization. PLoS One, 8, 2013, e68054.
29. [29] Husemoen, L.L., Jørgensen, T., Borch-Johnsen, K., Hansen, T., Pedersen, O., Linneberg, A., The association of alcohol and alcohol metabolizing gene variants with diabetes and coronary heart disease risk factors in a white population. PLoS One, 5, 2010, e11735.
30. [30] Yokoyama, A., Yokoyama, T., Matsui, T., Mizukami, T., Kimura, M., Matsushita, S., Higuchi, S., Maruyama, K., Alcohol dehydrogenase-1B (rs1229984) and aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (rs671) genotypes are strong determinants of the serum triglycerides and cholesterol levels of Japanese alcoholic men. PLoS One, 10, 2015, e0133460.
31. [31] Hidaka, A., Sasazuki, S., Matsuo, K., Ito, H., Sawada, N., Shimazu, T., Yamaji, T., Iwasaki, M., Inoue, M., Tsugane, S., JPHC Study Group. Genetic polymorphisms of ADH1B, ADH1C and ALDH2, alcohol consumption, and the risk of gastric cancer: the Japan public health center-based prospective study. Carcinogenesis 36 (2015), 223–231.
32. [32] Mora, S., Szklo, M., Otvos, J.D., Greenland, P., Psaty, B.M., Goff, D.C. Jr., O'Leary, D.H., Saad, M.F., Tsai, M.Y., Sharrett, A.R., LDL particle subclasses, LDL particle size, and carotid atherosclerosis in the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis (MESA). Atherosclerosis 192 (2007), 211–217.
33. [33] Vishnu, A., Choo, J., Masaki, K.H., Mackey, R.H., Barinas-Mitchell, E., Shin, C., Willcox, B.J., El-Saed, A., Seto, T.B., Fujiyoshi, A., Miura, K., Lee, S., Sutton-Tyrrell, K., Kuller, L.H., Ueshima, H., Sekikawa, A., ERA JUMP Study Group. Particle numbers of lipoprotein subclasses and arterial stiffness among middle-aged men from the ERA JUMP study. J. Hum. Hypertens. 28 (2014), 111–117.
34. [34] Zaid, M., Miura, K., Fujiyoshi, A., Abbott, R.D., Hisamatsu, T., Kadota, A., Arima, H., Kadowaki, S., Torii, S., Miyagawa, N., Suzuki, S., Takashima, N., Ohkubo, T., Sekikawa, A., Maegawa, H., Horie, M., Nakamura, Y., Okamura, T., Ueshima, H., for the SESSA Research group. Associations of serum LDL particle concentration with carotid intima-media thickness and coronary artery calcification. J. Clin. Lipidol., 2016, 10.1016/j.jacl.2015.12.027.
35. [35] K.B. Prado, S. Shugg, J.R. Backstrand. Low-density lipoprotein particle number predicts coronary artery calcification in asymptomatic adults at intermediate risk of cardiovascular disease, J. Clin. Lipidol. 201 (5) 408–413.
36. [36] Otvos, J.D., Collins, D., Freedman, D.S., Shalaurova, I., Schaefer, E.J., McNamara, J.R., Bloomfield, H.E., Robins, S.J., Low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein particle subclasses predict coronary events and are favorably changed by gemfibrozil therapy in the veterans affairs high-density lipoprotein intervention trial. Circulation 113 (2006), 1556–1563.
37. [37] Mäkelä, S.M., Jauhiainen, M., Ala-Korpela, M., Metso, J., Lehto, T.M., Savolainen, M.J., Hannuksela, M.L., HDL2 of heavy alcohol drinkers enhances cholesterol efflux from raw macrophages via phospholipid-rich HDL 2b particles. Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. 32 (2008), 991–1000.
38. [38] Beulens, J.W., Sierksma, A., van Tol, A., Fournier, N., van Gent, T., Paul, J.L., Hendriks, H.F., Moderate alcohol consumption increases cholesterol efflux mediated by ABCA1. J. Lipid Res. 45 (2004), 1716–1723.
39. [39] Hoang, A., Tefft, C., Duffy, S.J., Formosa, M., Henstridge, D.C., Kingwell, B.A., Sviridov, D., ABCA1 expression in humans is associated with physical activity and alcohol consumption. Atherosclerosis 197 (2008), 197–203.
40. [40] Boef, A.G., Dekkers, O.M., le Cessie, S., Mendelian randomization studies: a review of the approaches used and the quality of reporting. Int. J. Epidemiol. 44 (2015), 496–511.
41. [41] Lawlor, D.A., Benn, M., Zuccolo, L., De Silva, N.M., Tybjaerg-Hansen, A., Smith, G.D., Nordestgaard, B.G., ADH1B and ADH1C genotype, alcohol consumption and biomarkers of liver function: findings from a Mendelian randomization study in 58,313 European origin Danes. PLoS One, 9, 2014, e114294.
42. [42] Colditz, G.A., Giovannucci, E., Rimm, E.B., Stampfer, M.J., Rosner, B., Speizer, F.E., Gordis, E., Willett, W.C., Alcohol intake in relation to diet and obesity in women and men. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 54 (1991), 49–55.
43. [43] Maeda, S., Mure, K., Mugitani, K., Watanabe, Y., Iwane, M., Mohara, O., Takeshita, T., Roles of the ALDH2 and ADH1B genotypes on the association between alcohol intake and serum adiponectin levels among Japanese male workers. Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. 38 (2014), 1559–1566.
44. [44] Ala-Korpela, M., Lankinen, N., Salminen, A., Suna, T., Soininen, P., Laatikainen, R., Ingman, P., Jauhiainen, M., Taskinen, M.R., Héberger, K., Kaski, K., The inherent accuracy of 1H NMR spectroscopy to quantify plasma lipoproteins is subclass dependent. Atherosclerosis 190 (2007), 352–358.