메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 83, Issue 13, 2017, Pages

Laboratory evolution to alternating substrate environments yields distinct phenotypic and genetic adaptive strategies

Author keywords

Adaptive laboratory evolution; Adaptive mutations; Escherichia coli; Phenotypic variation

Indexed keywords

BATCH CELL CULTURE; CARBON; ESCHERICHIA COLI; GENE EXPRESSION; GENES; METABOLISM;

EID: 85020503243     PISSN: 00992240     EISSN: 10985336     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1128/AEM.00410-17     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (70)

References (54)
  • 1
    • 77956501842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Central carbon metabolism as a minimal biochemical walk between precursors for biomass and energy
    • Noor E, Eden E, Milo R, Alon U. 2010. Central carbon metabolism as a minimal biochemical walk between precursors for biomass and energy. Mol Cell 39:809-820. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2010.08.031
    • (2010) Mol Cell , vol.39 , pp. 809-820
    • Noor, E.1    Eden, E.2    Milo, R.3    Alon, U.4
  • 2
    • 47549110972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carbon catabolite repression in bacteria: many ways to make the most out of nutrients
    • Gorke B, Stulke J. 2008. Carbon catabolite repression in bacteria: many ways to make the most out of nutrients. Nat Rev Microbiol 6:613-624. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro1932
    • (2008) Nat Rev Microbiol , vol.6 , pp. 613-624
    • Gorke, B.1    Stulke, J.2
  • 3
    • 0016787183 scopus 로고
    • Effects of varying the carbon source limiting growth on yield and maintenance characteristics of Escherichia coli in continuous culture
    • Hempfling WP, Mainzer SE. 1975. Effects of varying the carbon source limiting growth on yield and maintenance characteristics of Escherichia coli in continuous culture. J Bacteriol 123:1076-1087
    • (1975) J Bacteriol , vol.123 , pp. 1076-1087
    • Hempfling, W.P.1    Mainzer, S.E.2
  • 4
    • 0031927611 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Demand theory of gene regulation. II. Quantitative application to the lactose and maltose operons of Escherichia coli
    • Savageau MA. 1998. Demand theory of gene regulation. II. Quantitative application to the lactose and maltose operons of Escherichia coli. Genetics 149:1677-1691
    • (1998) Genetics , vol.149 , pp. 1677-1691
    • Savageau, M.A.1
  • 5
    • 0034922896 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fuel ethanol production from lignocellulose: a challenge for metabolic engineering and process integration
    • Zaldivar J, Nielsen J, Olsson L. 2001. Fuel ethanol production from lignocellulose: a challenge for metabolic engineering and process integration. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 56:17-34. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002530100624
    • (2001) Appl Microbiol Biotechnol , vol.56 , pp. 17-34
    • Zaldivar, J.1    Nielsen, J.2    Olsson, L.3
  • 6
    • 84924021824 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shifting sugars and shifting paradigms
    • Siegal ML. 2015. Shifting sugars and shifting paradigms. PLoS Biol 13:e1002068. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1002068
    • (2015) PLoS Biol , vol.13
    • Siegal, M.L.1
  • 9
    • 84879489028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adaptive laboratory evolution-principles and applications for biotechnology
    • Dragosits M, Mattanovich D. 2013. Adaptive laboratory evolution-principles and applications for biotechnology. Microb Cell Fact 12:64. https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2859-12-64
    • (2013) Microb Cell Fact , vol.12 , pp. 64
    • Dragosits, M.1    Mattanovich, D.2
  • 10
    • 0026454741 scopus 로고
    • Evolutionary adaptation to temperature. I. Fitness responses of Escherichia coli to changes in its thermal environment
    • Bennett AF, Lenski RE, Mittler JE. 1992. Evolutionary adaptation to temperature. I. Fitness responses of Escherichia coli to changes in its thermal environment. Evolution 46:16-30
    • (1992) Evolution , vol.46 , pp. 16-30
    • Bennett, A.F.1    Lenski, R.E.2    Mittler, J.E.3
  • 11
    • 84885060803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluctuating temperature leads to evolution of thermal generalism and preadaptation to novel environments
    • Ketola T, Mikonranta L, Zhang J, Saarinen K, Ormala AM, Friman VP, Mappes J, Laakso J. 2013. Fluctuating temperature leads to evolution of thermal generalism and preadaptation to novel environments. Evolution 67:2936-2944. https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.12148
    • (2013) Evolution , vol.67 , pp. 2936-2944
    • Ketola, T.1    Mikonranta, L.2    Zhang, J.3    Saarinen, K.4    Ormala, A.M.5    Friman, V.P.6    Mappes, J.7    Laakso, J.8
  • 12
    • 34250871223 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An experimental evolutionary study on adaptation to temporally fluctuating pH in Escherichia coli
    • Hughes BS, Cullum AJ, Bennett AF. 2007. An experimental evolutionary study on adaptation to temporally fluctuating pH in Escherichia coli. Physiol Biochem Zool 80:406-421. https://doi.org/10.1086/518353
    • (2007) Physiol Biochem Zool , vol.80 , pp. 406-421
    • Hughes, B.S.1    Cullum, A.J.2    Bennett, A.F.3
  • 13
    • 6444223584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Divergent adaptation of Escherichia coli to cyclic ultraviolet light exposures
    • Alcantara-Diaz D, Brena-Valle M, Serment-Guerrero J. 2004. Divergent adaptation of Escherichia coli to cyclic ultraviolet light exposures. Mutagenesis 19:349-354. https://doi.org/10.1093/mutage/geh039
    • (2004) Mutagenesis , vol.19 , pp. 349-354
    • Alcantara-Diaz, D.1    Brena-Valle, M.2    Serment-Guerrero, J.3
  • 14
    • 84929711184 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Escherichia coli populations in unpredictably fluctuating environments evolve to face novel stresses through enhanced efflux activity
    • Karve SM, Daniel S, Chavhan YD, Anand A, Kharola SS, Dey S. 2015. Escherichia coli populations in unpredictably fluctuating environments evolve to face novel stresses through enhanced efflux activity. J Evol Biol 28:1131-1143. https://doi.org/10.1111/jeb.12640
    • (2015) J Evol Biol , vol.28 , pp. 1131-1143
    • Karve, S.M.1    Daniel, S.2    Chavhan, Y.D.3    Anand, A.4    Kharola, S.S.5    Dey, S.6
  • 15
    • 0036218182 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The experimental evolution of specialists, generalists, and the maintenance of diversity
    • Kassen R. 2002. The experimental evolution of specialists, generalists, and the maintenance of diversity. J Evol Biol 15:173-190. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1420-9101.2002.00377.x
    • (2002) J Evol Biol , vol.15 , pp. 173-190
    • Kassen, R.1
  • 16
    • 35048822821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of a single niche specialist in variable environments
    • Jasmin JN, Kassen R. 2007. Evolution of a single niche specialist in variable environments. Proc Biol Sci 274:2761-2767. https://doi.org/10 .1098/rspb.2007.0936
    • (2007) Proc Biol Sci , vol.274 , pp. 2761-2767
    • Jasmin, J.N.1    Kassen, R.2
  • 17
    • 78649977942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The repeatability of adaptive radiation during long-term experimental evolution of Escherichia coli in a multiple nutrient environment
    • Saxer G, Doebeli M, Travisano M. 2010. The repeatability of adaptive radiation during long-term experimental evolution of Escherichia coli in a multiple nutrient environment. PLoS One 5:e14184. https://doi.org/10 .1371/journal.pone.0014184
    • (2010) PLoS One , vol.5
    • Saxer, G.1    Doebeli, M.2    Travisano, M.3
  • 18
    • 1642388599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental evidence for sympatric ecological diversification due to frequencydependent competition in Escherichia coli
    • Friesen ML, Saxer G, Travisano M, Doebeli M. 2004. Experimental evidence for sympatric ecological diversification due to frequencydependent competition in Escherichia coli. Evolution 58:245-260
    • (2004) Evolution , vol.58 , pp. 245-260
    • Friesen, M.L.1    Saxer, G.2    Travisano, M.3    Doebeli, M.4
  • 20
    • 77649133888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental evolution with E. coli in diverse resource environments. I. Fluctuating environments promote divergence of replicate populations
    • Cooper TF, Lenski RE. 2010. Experimental evolution with E. coli in diverse resource environments. I. Fluctuating environments promote divergence of replicate populations. BMC Evol Biol 10:11. https://doi.org/10 .1186/1471-2148-10-11
    • (2010) BMC Evol Biol , vol.10 , pp. 11
    • Cooper, T.F.1    Lenski, R.E.2
  • 21
    • 84857467293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adaptive evolution of the lactose utilization network in experimentally evolved populations of Escherichia coli
    • Quan S, Ray JC, Kwota Z, Duong T, Balazsi G, Cooper TF, Monds RD. 2012. Adaptive evolution of the lactose utilization network in experimentally evolved populations of Escherichia coli. PLoS Genet 8:e1002444. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1002444
    • (2012) PLoS Genet , vol.8
    • Quan, S.1    Ray, J.C.2    Kwota, Z.3    Duong, T.4    Balazsi, G.5    Cooper, T.F.6    Monds, R.D.7
  • 22
    • 85020555093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adaptation of Escherichia coli to long-term serial passage in complex medium: evidence of parallel evolution
    • Kram KE, Geiger C, Ismail WM, Lee H, Tang H, Foster PL, Finkel SE. 2017. Adaptation of Escherichia coli to long-term serial passage in complex medium: evidence of parallel evolution. mSystems 2:e00192-16. https://doi.org/10.1128/mSystems.00192-16
    • (2017) mSystems , vol.2
    • Kram, K.E.1    Geiger, C.2    Ismail, W.M.3    Lee, H.4    Tang, H.5    Foster, P.L.6    Finkel, S.E.7
  • 23
    • 75349114758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Whole-genome resequencing of Escherichia coli K-12 MG1655 undergoing short-term laboratory evolution in lactate minimal medium reveals flexible selection of adaptive mutations
    • Conrad TM, Joyce AR, Applebee MK, Barrett CL, Xie B, Gao Y, Palsson BO. 2009. Whole-genome resequencing of Escherichia coli K-12 MG1655 undergoing short-term laboratory evolution in lactate minimal medium reveals flexible selection of adaptive mutations. Genome Biol 10:R118. https://doi.org/10.1186/gb-2009-10-10-r118
    • (2009) Genome Biol , vol.10
    • Conrad, T.M.1    Joyce, A.R.2    Applebee, M.K.3    Barrett, C.L.4    Xie, B.5    Gao, Y.6    Palsson, B.O.7
  • 24
    • 84907269737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of Escherichia coli to 42 degrees C and subsequent genetic engineering reveals adaptive mechanisms and novel mutations
    • Sandberg TE, Pedersen M, LaCroix RA, Ebrahim A, Bonde M, Herrgard MJ, Palsson BO, Sommer M, Feist AM. 2014. Evolution of Escherichia coli to 42 degrees C and subsequent genetic engineering reveals adaptive mechanisms and novel mutations. Mol Biol Evol 31:2647-2662. https://doi .org/10.1093/molbev/msu209
    • (2014) Mol Biol Evol , vol.31 , pp. 2647-2662
    • Sandberg, T.E.1    Pedersen, M.2    LaCroix, R.A.3    Ebrahim, A.4    Bonde, M.5    Herrgard, M.J.6    Palsson, B.O.7    Sommer, M.8    Feist, A.M.9
  • 27
    • 78650546051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • RNA polymerase mutants found through adaptive evolution reprogram Escherichia coli for optimal growth in minimal media
    • Conrad TM, Frazier M, Joyce AR, Cho BK, Knight EM, Lewis NE, Landick R, Palsson BO. 2010. RNA polymerase mutants found through adaptive evolution reprogram Escherichia coli for optimal growth in minimal media. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 107:20500-20505. https://doi.org/10 .1073/pnas.0911253107
    • (2010) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.107 , pp. 20500-20505
    • Conrad, T.M.1    Frazier, M.2    Joyce, A.R.3    Cho, B.K.4    Knight, E.M.5    Lewis, N.E.6    Landick, R.7    Palsson, B.O.8
  • 28
    • 84967180536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global rebalancing of cellular resources by pleiotropic point mutations illustrates a multi-scale mechanism of adaptive evolution
    • Utrilla J, O'Brien EJ, Chen K, McCloskey D, Cheung J, Wang H, Armenta-Medina D, Feist AM, Palsson BO. 2016. Global rebalancing of cellular resources by pleiotropic point mutations illustrates a multi-scale mechanism of adaptive evolution. Cell Syst 2:260-271. https://doi.org/10 .1016/j.cels.2016.04.003
    • (2016) Cell Syst , vol.2 , pp. 260-271
    • Utrilla, J.1    O'Brien, E.J.2    Chen, K.3    McCloskey, D.4    Cheung, J.5    Wang, H.6    Armenta-Medina, D.7    Feist, A.M.8    Palsson, B.O.9
  • 29
    • 84867182301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resistance to environmental stress requires the RNA chaperones CspC and CspE
    • Shenhar Y, Biran D, Ron EZ. 2012. Resistance to environmental stress requires the RNA chaperones CspC and CspE. Environ Microbiol Rep 4:532-539. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1758-2229.2012.00358.x
    • (2012) Environ Microbiol Rep , vol.4 , pp. 532-539
    • Shenhar, Y.1    Biran, D.2    Ron, E.Z.3
  • 30
    • 84947583295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overflow metabolism in Escherichia coli results from efficient proteome allocation
    • Basan M, Hui S, Okano H, Zhang Z, Shen Y, Williamson JR, Hwa T. 2015. Overflow metabolism in Escherichia coli results from efficient proteome allocation. Nature 528:99-104. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature15765
    • (2015) Nature , vol.528 , pp. 99-104
    • Basan, M.1    Hui, S.2    Okano, H.3    Zhang, Z.4    Shen, Y.5    Williamson, J.R.6    Hwa, T.7
  • 31
    • 84940862296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acetate exposure determines the diauxic behavior of Escherichia coli during the glucose-acetate transition
    • Enjalbert B, Cocaign-Bousquet M, Portais JC, Letisse F. 2015. Acetate exposure determines the diauxic behavior of Escherichia coli during the glucose-acetate transition. J Bacteriol 197:3173-3181. https://doi.org/10 .1128/JB.00128-15
    • (2015) J Bacteriol , vol.197 , pp. 3173-3181
    • Enjalbert, B.1    Cocaign-Bousquet, M.2    Portais, J.C.3    Letisse, F.4
  • 32
    • 15544371346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gene regulation at the single-cell level
    • Rosenfeld N, Young JW, Alon U, Swain PS, Elowitz MB. 2005. Gene regulation at the single-cell level. Science 307:1962-1965. https://doi .org/10.1126/science.1106914
    • (2005) Science , vol.307 , pp. 1962-1965
    • Rosenfeld, N.1    Young, J.W.2    Alon, U.3    Swain, P.S.4    Elowitz, M.B.5
  • 34
    • 77749320898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What is flux balance analysis?
    • Orth JD, Thiele I, Palsson BO. 2010. What is flux balance analysis? Nat Biotechnol 28:245-248. https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt.1614
    • (2010) Nat Biotechnol , vol.28 , pp. 245-248
    • Orth, J.D.1    Thiele, I.2    Palsson, B.O.3
  • 35
    • 65549092780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of randomized sampling for analysis of metabolic networks
    • Schellenberger J, Palsson BO. 2009. Use of randomized sampling for analysis of metabolic networks. J Biol Chem 284:5457-5461. https://doi .org/10.1074/jbc.R800048200
    • (2009) J Biol Chem , vol.284 , pp. 5457-5461
    • Schellenberger, J.1    Palsson, B.O.2
  • 37
    • 84885367114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genomescale models of metabolism and gene expression extend and refine growth phenotype prediction
    • O'Brien EJ, Lerman JA, Chang RL, Hyduke DR, Palsson BO. 2013. Genomescale models of metabolism and gene expression extend and refine growth phenotype prediction. Mol Syst Biol 9:693. https://doi.org/10 .1038/msb.2013.52
    • (2013) Mol Syst Biol , vol.9 , pp. 693
    • O'Brien, E.J.1    Lerman, J.A.2    Chang, R.L.3    Hyduke, D.R.4    Palsson, B.O.5
  • 38
    • 79959256040 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Repression of xylose-specific enzymes by ethanol in Scheffersomyces (Pichia) stipitis and utility of repitching xylose-grown populations to eliminate diauxic lag
    • Slininger PJ, Thompson SR, Weber S, Liu ZL, Moon J. 2011. Repression of xylose-specific enzymes by ethanol in Scheffersomyces (Pichia) stipitis and utility of repitching xylose-grown populations to eliminate diauxic lag. Biotechnol Bioeng 108:1801-1815. https://doi.org/10.1002/bit .23119
    • (2011) Biotechnol Bioeng , vol.108 , pp. 1801-1815
    • Slininger, P.J.1    Thompson, S.R.2    Weber, S.3    Liu, Z.L.4    Moon, J.5
  • 40
    • 84861969435 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simultaneous utilization of glucose, xylose and arabinose in the presence of acetate by a consortium of Escherichia coli strains
    • Xia T, Eiteman MA, Altman E. 2012. Simultaneous utilization of glucose, xylose and arabinose in the presence of acetate by a consortium of Escherichia coli strains. Microb Cell Fact 11:77. https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2859-11-77
    • (2012) Microb Cell Fact , vol.11 , pp. 77
    • Xia, T.1    Eiteman, M.A.2    Altman, E.3
  • 41
    • 85011072524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamic substrate preferences predict metabolic properties of a simple microbial consortium
    • Erbilgin O, Bowen BP, Kosina SM, Jenkins S, Lau RK, Northen TR. 2017. Dynamic substrate preferences predict metabolic properties of a simple microbial consortium. BMC Bioinformatics 18:57. https://doi.org/10 .1186/s12859-017-1478-2
    • (2017) BMC Bioinformatics , vol.18 , pp. 57
    • Erbilgin, O.1    Bowen, B.P.2    Kosina, S.M.3    Jenkins, S.4    Lau, R.K.5    Northen, T.R.6
  • 42
    • 84954384044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temporal variation in antibiotic environments slows down resistance evolution in pathogenic Pseudomonas aeruginosa
    • Roemhild R, Barbosa C, Beardmore RE, Jansen G, Schulenburg H. 2015. Temporal variation in antibiotic environments slows down resistance evolution in pathogenic Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Evol Appl 8:945-955. https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12330
    • (2015) Evol Appl , vol.8 , pp. 945-955
    • Roemhild, R.1    Barbosa, C.2    Beardmore, R.E.3    Jansen, G.4    Schulenburg, H.5
  • 43
    • 84911470344 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Targeting bacterial central metabolism for drug development
    • Murima P, McKinney JD, Pethe K. 2014. Targeting bacterial central metabolism for drug development. Chem Biol 21:1423-1432. https://doi .org/10.1016/j.chembiol.2014.08.020
    • (2014) Chem Biol , vol.21 , pp. 1423-1432
    • Murima, P.1    McKinney, J.D.2    Pethe, K.3
  • 44
    • 84962602150 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of E. coli on [U-13C]glucose reveals a negligible isotopic influence on metabolism and physiology
    • Sandberg TE, Long CP, Gonzalez JE, Feist AM, Antoniewicz MR, Palsson BO. 2016. Evolution of E. coli on [U-13C]glucose reveals a negligible isotopic influence on metabolism and physiology. PLoS One 11: e0151130. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0151130
    • (2016) PLoS One , vol.11
    • Sandberg, T.E.1    Long, C.P.2    Gonzalez, J.E.3    Feist, A.M.4    Antoniewicz, M.R.5    Palsson, B.O.6
  • 45
    • 84917686994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of mutations in laboratory-evolved microbes from next-generation sequencing data using breseq
    • Deatherage DE, Barrick JE. 2014. Identification of mutations in laboratory-evolved microbes from next-generation sequencing data using breseq. Methods Mol Biol 1151:165-188. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0554-6_12
    • (2014) Methods Mol Biol , vol.1151 , pp. 165-188
    • Deatherage, D.E.1    Barrick, J.E.2
  • 46
    • 84859210032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fast gapped-read alignment with Bowtie. 2
    • Langmead B, Salzberg SL. 2012. Fast gapped-read alignment with Bowtie. 2. Nat Methods 9:357-359. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.1923
    • (2012) Nat Methods , vol.9 , pp. 357-359
    • Langmead, B.1    Salzberg, S.L.2
  • 47
    • 77952123055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcript assembly and quantification by RNA-Seq reveals unannotated transcripts and isoform switching during cell differentiation
    • Trapnell C, Williams BA, Pertea G, Mortazavi A, Kwan G, van Baren MJ, Salzberg SL, Wold BJ, Pachter L. 2010. Transcript assembly and quantification by RNA-Seq reveals unannotated transcripts and isoform switching during cell differentiation. Nat Biotechnol 28:511-515. https://doi .org/10.1038/nbt.1621
    • (2010) Nat Biotechnol , vol.28 , pp. 511-515
    • Trapnell, C.1    Williams, B.A.2    Pertea, G.3    Mortazavi, A.4    Kwan, G.5    van Baren, M.J.6    Salzberg, S.L.7    Wold, B.J.8    Pachter, L.9
  • 48
  • 49
  • 50
    • 34347258175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative prediction of cellular metabolism with constraint-based models: the COBRA Toolbox
    • Becker SA, Feist AM, Mo ML, Hannum G, Palsson BO, Herrgard MJ. 2007. Quantitative prediction of cellular metabolism with constraint-based models: the COBRA Toolbox. Nat Protoc 2:727-738. https://doi.org/10 .1038/nprot.2007.99
    • (2007) Nat Protoc , vol.2 , pp. 727-738
    • Becker, S.A.1    Feist, A.M.2    Mo, M.L.3    Hannum, G.4    Palsson, B.O.5    Herrgard, M.J.6
  • 51
    • 84940751701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Escher: a web application for building, sharing, and embedding data-rich visualizations of biological pathways
    • King ZA, Drager A, Ebrahim A, Sonnenschein N, Lewis NE, Palsson BO. 2015. Escher: a web application for building, sharing, and embedding data-rich visualizations of biological pathways. PLoS Comput Biol 11: e1004321. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004321
    • (2015) PLoS Comput Biol , vol.11
    • King, Z.A.1    Drager, A.2    Ebrahim, A.3    Sonnenschein, N.4    Lewis, N.E.5    Palsson, B.O.6
  • 54
    • 85010036575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reliable and efficient solution of genome-scale models of metabolism and macromolecular expression
    • Ma D, Yang L, Fleming RM, Thiele I, Palsson BO, Saunders MA. 2017. Reliable and efficient solution of genome-scale models of metabolism and macromolecular expression. Sci Rep 7:40863. https://doi.org/10 .1038/srep40863
    • (2017) Sci Rep , vol.7 , pp. 40863
    • Ma, D.1    Yang, L.2    Fleming, R.M.3    Thiele, I.4    Palsson, B.O.5    Saunders, M.A.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.