메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 31, Issue 10, 2016, Pages 1444-1454

The best medicine? The influence of physical activity and inactivity on Parkinson's disease

Author keywords

disease modification; exercise; metabolic syndrome; Parkinson's disease; physical activity

Indexed keywords

CELL LEVEL; DISEASE COURSE; EXERCISE; HUMAN; INFLAMMATION; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; OXIDATIVE STRESS; PARKINSON DISEASE; PATHOGENESIS; PHYSICAL ACTIVITY; PHYSICAL INACTIVITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR;

EID: 84991279894     PISSN: 08853185     EISSN: 15318257     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/mds.26728     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (96)

References (118)
  • 1
    • 0032948286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiologic approaches to the study of Parkinson's disease etiology
    • Checkoway H, Nelson LM. Epidemiologic approaches to the study of Parkinson's disease etiology. Epidemiology 1999;10:327–336.
    • (1999) Epidemiology , vol.10 , pp. 327-336
    • Checkoway, H.1    Nelson, L.M.2
  • 2
    • 33745919520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of Parkinson's disease
    • de Lau LM, Breteler MM. Epidemiology of Parkinson's disease. Lancet Neurol 2006;5:525–535.
    • (2006) Lancet Neurol , vol.5 , pp. 525-535
    • de Lau, L.M.1    Breteler, M.M.2
  • 3
    • 0029937494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of Parkinson's disease
    • Tanner CM, Goldman SM. Epidemiology of Parkinson's disease. Neurol Clin 1996;14:317–335.
    • (1996) Neurol Clin , vol.14 , pp. 317-335
    • Tanner, C.M.1    Goldman, S.M.2
  • 4
    • 84898775157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacological treatment of Parkinson disease: a review
    • Connolly BS, Lang AE. Pharmacological treatment of Parkinson disease: a review. JAMA 2014;311:1670–1683.
    • (2014) JAMA , vol.311 , pp. 1670-1683
    • Connolly, B.S.1    Lang, A.E.2
  • 6
    • 0036714747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A meta-analysis of coffee drinking, cigarette smoking, and the risk of Parkinson's disease
    • Hernan MA, Takkouche B, Caamano-Isorna F, Gestal-Otero JJ. A meta-analysis of coffee drinking, cigarette smoking, and the risk of Parkinson's disease. Ann Neurol 2002;52:276–284.
    • (2002) Ann Neurol , vol.52 , pp. 276-284
    • Hernan, M.A.1    Takkouche, B.2    Caamano-Isorna, F.3    Gestal-Otero, J.J.4
  • 7
    • 0034950069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective study of caffeine consumption and risk of Parkinson's disease in men and women
    • Ascherio A, Zhang SM, Hernan MA, et al. Prospective study of caffeine consumption and risk of Parkinson's disease in men and women. Ann Neurol 2001;50:56–63.
    • (2001) Ann Neurol , vol.50 , pp. 56-63
    • Ascherio, A.1    Zhang, S.M.2    Hernan, M.A.3
  • 8
    • 84902475826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The disease intersection of susceptibility and exposure: chemical exposures and neurodegenerative disease risk
    • Tanner CM, Goldman SM, Ross GW, Grate SJ. The disease intersection of susceptibility and exposure: chemical exposures and neurodegenerative disease risk. Alzheimers Dement 2014;10:S213–225.
    • (2014) Alzheimers Dement , vol.10 , pp. S213-225
    • Tanner, C.M.1    Goldman, S.M.2    Ross, G.W.3    Grate, S.J.4
  • 9
    • 0024546234 scopus 로고
    • The role of environmental toxins in the etiology of Parkinson's disease
    • Tanner CM. The role of environmental toxins in the etiology of Parkinson's disease. Trends Neurosci 1989;12:49–54.
    • (1989) Trends Neurosci , vol.12 , pp. 49-54
    • Tanner, C.M.1
  • 10
    • 0021798918 scopus 로고
    • Physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness: definitions and distinctions for health-related research
    • Caspersen CJ, Powell KE, Christenson GM. Physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness: definitions and distinctions for health-related research. Public Health Rep 1985;100:126–131.
    • (1985) Public Health Rep , vol.100 , pp. 126-131
    • Caspersen, C.J.1    Powell, K.E.2    Christenson, G.M.3
  • 11
  • 12
    • 4444265592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship of physical fitness vs body mass index with coronary artery disease and cardiovascular events in women
    • Wessel TR, Arant CB, Olson MB, et al. Relationship of physical fitness vs body mass index with coronary artery disease and cardiovascular events in women. JAMA 2004;292:1179–1187.
    • (2004) JAMA , vol.292 , pp. 1179-1187
    • Wessel, T.R.1    Arant, C.B.2    Olson, M.B.3
  • 13
    • 0033620379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of a first stroke: a review of guidelines and a multidisciplinary consensus statement from the National Stroke Association
    • Gorelick PB, Sacco RL, Smith DB, et al. Prevention of a first stroke: a review of guidelines and a multidisciplinary consensus statement from the National Stroke Association. JAMA 1999;281:1112–1120.
    • (1999) JAMA , vol.281 , pp. 1112-1120
    • Gorelick, P.B.1    Sacco, R.L.2    Smith, D.B.3
  • 14
    • 84886603261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative effectiveness of exercise and drug interventions on mortality outcomes: metaepidemiological study
    • Naci H, Ioannidis JP. Comparative effectiveness of exercise and drug interventions on mortality outcomes: metaepidemiological study. BMJ 2013;347:f5577.
    • (2013) BMJ , vol.347 , pp. f5577
    • Naci, H.1    Ioannidis, J.P.2
  • 15
    • 33645096520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for prescribing exercise as therapy in chronic disease
    • Pedersen BK, Saltin B. Evidence for prescribing exercise as therapy in chronic disease. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2006;16(Suppl 1):3–63.
    • (2006) Scand J Med Sci Sports , vol.16 , pp. 3-63
    • Pedersen, B.K.1    Saltin, B.2
  • 16
    • 0028217629 scopus 로고
    • Relation of leisure-time physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness to the risk of acute myocardial infarction
    • Lakka TA, Venalainen JM, Rauramaa R, Salonen R, Tuomilehto J, Salonen JT. Relation of leisure-time physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness to the risk of acute myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 1994;330:1549–1554.
    • (1994) N Engl J Med , vol.330 , pp. 1549-1554
    • Lakka, T.A.1    Venalainen, J.M.2    Rauramaa, R.3    Salonen, R.4    Tuomilehto, J.5    Salonen, J.T.6
  • 17
    • 0022589439 scopus 로고
    • Physical activity, all-cause mortality, and longevity of college alumni
    • Paffenbarger RS Jr, Hyde RT, Wing AL, Hsieh CC. Physical activity, all-cause mortality, and longevity of college alumni. N Engl J Med 1986;314:605–613.
    • (1986) N Engl J Med , vol.314 , pp. 605-613
    • Paffenbarger, R.S.1    Hyde, R.T.2    Wing, A.L.3    Hsieh, C.C.4
  • 18
    • 0034922575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective study of physical activity and cognitive decline in elderly women: women who walk
    • Yaffe K, Barnes D, Nevitt M, Lui LY, Covinsky K. A prospective study of physical activity and cognitive decline in elderly women: women who walk. Arch Intern Med 2001;161:1703–1708.
    • (2001) Arch Intern Med , vol.161 , pp. 1703-1708
    • Yaffe, K.1    Barnes, D.2    Nevitt, M.3    Lui, L.Y.4    Covinsky, K.5
  • 19
    • 84860726725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Total daily physical activity and the risk of AD and cognitive decline in older adults
    • Buchman AS, Boyle PA, Yu L, Shah RC, Wilson RS, Bennett DA. Total daily physical activity and the risk of AD and cognitive decline in older adults. Neurology 2012;78:1323–1329.
    • (2012) Neurology , vol.78 , pp. 1323-1329
    • Buchman, A.S.1    Boyle, P.A.2    Yu, L.3    Shah, R.C.4    Wilson, R.S.5    Bennett, D.A.6
  • 20
    • 84937043295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protective effects of physical exercise in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease: a narrative review
    • Paillard T, Rolland Y, de Souto Barreto P. Protective effects of physical exercise in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease: a narrative review. J Clin Neurol 2015;11:212–219.
    • (2015) J Clin Neurol , vol.11 , pp. 212-219
    • Paillard, T.1    Rolland, Y.2    de Souto Barreto, P.3
  • 21
    • 33644800309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exercise is associated with reduced risk for incident dementia among persons 65 years of age and older
    • Larson EB, Wang L, Bowen JD, et al. Exercise is associated with reduced risk for incident dementia among persons 65 years of age and older. Ann Intern Med 2006;144:73–81.
    • (2006) Ann Intern Med , vol.144 , pp. 73-81
    • Larson, E.B.1    Wang, L.2    Bowen, J.D.3
  • 23
    • 70350245011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Harmonizing the metabolic syndrome: a joint interim statement of the International Diabetes Federation Task Force on Epidemiology and Prevention; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; American Heart Association; World Heart Federation; International Atherosclerosis Society; and International Association for the Study of Obesity
    • Alberti KG, Eckel RH, Grundy SM, et al. Harmonizing the metabolic syndrome: a joint interim statement of the International Diabetes Federation Task Force on Epidemiology and Prevention; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; American Heart Association; World Heart Federation; International Atherosclerosis Society; and International Association for the Study of Obesity. Circulation 2009;120:1640–1645.
    • (2009) Circulation , vol.120 , pp. 1640-1645
    • Alberti, K.G.1    Eckel, R.H.2    Grundy, S.M.3
  • 24
    • 84862234497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lack of exercise is a major cause of chronic diseases
    • Booth FW, Roberts CK, Laye MJ. Lack of exercise is a major cause of chronic diseases. Compr Physiol 2012;2:1143–1211.
    • (2012) Compr Physiol , vol.2 , pp. 1143-1211
    • Booth, F.W.1    Roberts, C.K.2    Laye, M.J.3
  • 25
    • 84952639448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Targeting inflammation in metabolic syndrome
    • Welty FK, Alfaddagh A, Elajami TK. Targeting inflammation in metabolic syndrome. Transl Res 2016;167:257–280.
    • (2016) Transl Res , vol.167 , pp. 257-280
    • Welty, F.K.1    Alfaddagh, A.2    Elajami, T.K.3
  • 27
    • 84901936702 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic syndrome: an important risk factor for Parkinson's disease
    • Zhang P, Tian B. Metabolic syndrome: an important risk factor for Parkinson's disease. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2014;2014:729194.
    • (2014) Oxid Med Cell Longev , vol.2014 , pp. 729194
    • Zhang, P.1    Tian, B.2
  • 28
    • 84883180845 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of oxidative stress in Parkinson's disease
    • Hwang O. Role of oxidative stress in Parkinson's disease. Exp Neurobiol 2013;22:11–17.
    • (2013) Exp Neurobiol , vol.22 , pp. 11-17
    • Hwang, O.1
  • 29
    • 0026533176 scopus 로고
    • The role of physical exercise in the occurrence of Parkinson's disease
    • Sasco AJ, Paffenbarger RS, Jr., Gendre I, Wing AL. The role of physical exercise in the occurrence of Parkinson's disease. Arch Neurol 1992;49:360–365.
    • (1992) Arch Neurol , vol.49 , pp. 360-365
    • Sasco, A.J.1    Paffenbarger, R.S.2    Gendre, I.3    Wing, A.L.4
  • 30
    • 28044438693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Education and occupations preceding Parkinson disease: a population-based case-control study
    • Frigerio R, Elbaz A, Sanft KR, et al. Education and occupations preceding Parkinson disease: a population-based case-control study. Neurology 2005;65:1575–1583.
    • (2005) Neurology , vol.65 , pp. 1575-1583
    • Frigerio, R.1    Elbaz, A.2    Sanft, K.R.3
  • 31
    • 84974823986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lifetime occupational and leisure time physical activity and risk of Parkinson's disease
    • Shih IF, Liew Z, Krause N, Ritz B. Lifetime occupational and leisure time physical activity and risk of Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2016;28:112–117.
    • (2016) Parkinsonism Relat Disord , vol.28 , pp. 112-117
    • Shih, I.F.1    Liew, Z.2    Krause, N.3    Ritz, B.4
  • 32
    • 39549123445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recreational physical activity and risk of Parkinson's disease
    • Thacker EL, Chen H, Patel AV, et al. Recreational physical activity and risk of Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord 2008;23:69–74.
    • (2008) Mov Disord , vol.23 , pp. 69-74
    • Thacker, E.L.1    Chen, H.2    Patel, A.V.3
  • 33
    • 77955161623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physical activities and future risk of Parkinson disease
    • Xu Q, Park Y, Huang X, et al. Physical activities and future risk of Parkinson disease. Neurology 2010;75:341–348.
    • (2010) Neurology , vol.75 , pp. 341-348
    • Xu, Q.1    Park, Y.2    Huang, X.3
  • 34
    • 84922385846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physical activity and risk of Parkinson's disease in the Swedish National March Cohort
    • Yang F, Trolle Lagerros Y, Bellocco R, et al. Physical activity and risk of Parkinson's disease in the Swedish National March Cohort. Brain 2015;138:269–275.
    • (2015) Brain , vol.138 , pp. 269-275
    • Yang, F.1    Trolle Lagerros, Y.2    Bellocco, R.3
  • 35
    • 84877098618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Barriers to exercise in people with Parkinson disease
    • Ellis T, Boudreau JK, DeAngelis TR, et al. Barriers to exercise in people with Parkinson disease. Phys Ther 2013;93:628–636.
    • (2013) Phys Ther , vol.93 , pp. 628-636
    • Ellis, T.1    Boudreau, J.K.2    DeAngelis, T.R.3
  • 37
    • 84922369082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sexual dimorphism in the effects of exercise on metabolism of lipids to support resting metabolism
    • Henderson GC. Sexual dimorphism in the effects of exercise on metabolism of lipids to support resting metabolism. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2014;5:162.
    • (2014) Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) , vol.5 , pp. 162
    • Henderson, G.C.1
  • 39
    • 84902524497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Moderate-intensity interval training increases serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor level and decreases inflammation in Parkinson's disease patients
    • Zoladz JA, Majerczak J, Zeligowska E, et al. Moderate-intensity interval training increases serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor level and decreases inflammation in Parkinson's disease patients. J Physiol Pharmacol 2014;65:441–448.
    • (2014) J Physiol Pharmacol , vol.65 , pp. 441-448
    • Zoladz, J.A.1    Majerczak, J.2    Zeligowska, E.3
  • 40
    • 83555173195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of exercise on mitochondrial transcription factor expression and damage in the striatum of a chronic mouse model of Parkinson's disease
    • Patki G, Lau YS. Impact of exercise on mitochondrial transcription factor expression and damage in the striatum of a chronic mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Neurosci Lett 2011;505:268–272.
    • (2011) Neurosci Lett , vol.505 , pp. 268-272
    • Patki, G.1    Lau, Y.S.2
  • 41
    • 84907997019 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treadmill exercise activates Nrf2 antioxidant system to protect the nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons from MPP + toxicity
    • Tsou YH, Shih CT, Ching CH, et al. Treadmill exercise activates Nrf2 antioxidant system to protect the nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons from MPP + toxicity. Exp Neurol 2015;263:50–62.
    • (2015) Exp Neurol , vol.263 , pp. 50-62
    • Tsou, Y.H.1    Shih, C.T.2    Ching, C.H.3
  • 42
    • 80051534189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does vigorous exercise have a neuroprotective effect in Parkinson disease?
    • Ahlskog JE. Does vigorous exercise have a neuroprotective effect in Parkinson disease? Neurology 2011;77:288–294.
    • (2011) Neurology , vol.77 , pp. 288-294
    • Ahlskog, J.E.1
  • 43
    • 63649104503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endurance training increases plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor concentration in young healthy men
    • Zoladz JA, Pilc A, Majerczak J, Grandys M, Zapart-Bukowska J, Duda K. Endurance training increases plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor concentration in young healthy men. J Physiol Pharmacol 2008;59(Suppl 7):119–132.
    • (2008) J Physiol Pharmacol , vol.59 , pp. 119-132
    • Zoladz, J.A.1    Pilc, A.2    Majerczak, J.3    Grandys, M.4    Zapart-Bukowska, J.5    Duda, K.6
  • 44
    • 77951255298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor correlate with motor impairment in Parkinson's disease
    • Scalzo P, Kummer A, Bretas TL, Cardoso F, Teixeira AL. Serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor correlate with motor impairment in Parkinson's disease. J Neurol 2010;257:540–545.
    • (2010) J Neurol , vol.257 , pp. 540-545
    • Scalzo, P.1    Kummer, A.2    Bretas, T.L.3    Cardoso, F.4    Teixeira, A.L.5
  • 45
    • 84879929197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treadmill exercise elevates striatal dopamine D2 receptor binding potential in patients with early Parkinson's disease
    • Fisher BE, Li Q, Nacca A, et al. Treadmill exercise elevates striatal dopamine D2 receptor binding potential in patients with early Parkinson's disease. Neuroreport 2013;24:509–514.
    • (2013) Neuroreport , vol.24 , pp. 509-514
    • Fisher, B.E.1    Li, Q.2    Nacca, A.3
  • 46
    • 73949092308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Altered AMPA receptor expression with treadmill exercise in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-lesioned mouse model of basal ganglia injury
    • VanLeeuwen JE, Petzinger GM, Walsh JP, Akopian GK, Vuckovic M, Jakowec MW. Altered AMPA receptor expression with treadmill exercise in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-lesioned mouse model of basal ganglia injury. J Neurosci Res 2010;88:650–668.
    • (2010) J Neurosci Res , vol.88 , pp. 650-668
    • VanLeeuwen, J.E.1    Petzinger, G.M.2    Walsh, J.P.3    Akopian, G.K.4    Vuckovic, M.5    Jakowec, M.W.6
  • 47
    • 0012849885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exercise induces behavioral recovery and attenuates neurochemical deficits in rodent models of Parkinson's disease
    • Tillerson JL, Caudle WM, Reveron ME, Miller GW. Exercise induces behavioral recovery and attenuates neurochemical deficits in rodent models of Parkinson's disease. Neuroscience 2003;119:899–911.
    • (2003) Neuroscience , vol.119 , pp. 899-911
    • Tillerson, J.L.1    Caudle, W.M.2    Reveron, M.E.3    Miller, G.W.4
  • 48
    • 16244423295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treadmill training ameliorates dopamine loss but not behavioral deficits in hemi-parkinsonian rats
    • Poulton NP, Muir GD. Treadmill training ameliorates dopamine loss but not behavioral deficits in hemi-parkinsonian rats. Exp Neurol 2005;193:181–197.
    • (2005) Exp Neurol , vol.193 , pp. 181-197
    • Poulton, N.P.1    Muir, G.D.2
  • 51
  • 52
    • 34249099022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of treadmill exercise on dopaminergic transmission in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-lesioned mouse model of basal ganglia injury
    • Petzinger GM, Walsh JP, Akopian G, et al. Effects of treadmill exercise on dopaminergic transmission in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-lesioned mouse model of basal ganglia injury. J Neurosci 2007;27:5291–5300.
    • (2007) J Neurosci , vol.27 , pp. 5291-5300
    • Petzinger, G.M.1    Walsh, J.P.2    Akopian, G.3
  • 53
    • 84891645843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of oxidative stress in Parkinson's disease
    • Dias V, Junn E, Mouradian MM. The role of oxidative stress in Parkinson's disease. J Parkinsons Dis 2013;3:461–491.
    • (2013) J Parkinsons Dis , vol.3 , pp. 461-491
    • Dias, V.1    Junn, E.2    Mouradian, M.M.3
  • 54
    • 71849084134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinson's disease
    • Winklhofer KF, Haass C. Mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinson's disease. Biochim Biophys Acta 2010;1802:29–44.
    • (2010) Biochim Biophys Acta , vol.1802 , pp. 29-44
    • Winklhofer, K.F.1    Haass, C.2
  • 55
    • 84946495791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • We need to move more: Neurobiological hypotheses of physical exercise as a treatment for Parkinson's disease
    • Monteiro-Junior RS, Cevada T, Oliveira BR, et al. We need to move more: Neurobiological hypotheses of physical exercise as a treatment for Parkinson's disease. Med Hypotheses 2015;85(5):537–541.
    • (2015) Med Hypotheses , vol.85 , Issue.5 , pp. 537-541
    • Monteiro-Junior, R.S.1    Cevada, T.2    Oliveira, B.R.3
  • 56
    • 37849004479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systemic adaptation to oxidative challenge induced by regular exercise
    • Radak Z, Chung HY, Goto S. Systemic adaptation to oxidative challenge induced by regular exercise. Free Radic Biol Med 2008;44:153–159.
    • (2008) Free Radic Biol Med , vol.44 , pp. 153-159
    • Radak, Z.1    Chung, H.Y.2    Goto, S.3
  • 57
    • 84860217651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of exercise and B vitamins on homocysteine and glutathione in Parkinson's disease: a randomized trial
    • DiFrancisco-Donoghue J, Lamberg EM, Rabin E, Elokda A, Fazzini E, Werner WG. Effects of exercise and B vitamins on homocysteine and glutathione in Parkinson's disease: a randomized trial. Neurodegener Dis 2012;10:127–134.
    • (2012) Neurodegener Dis , vol.10 , pp. 127-134
    • DiFrancisco-Donoghue, J.1    Lamberg, E.M.2    Rabin, E.3    Elokda, A.4    Fazzini, E.5    Werner, W.G.6
  • 58
    • 23644432822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of stress and aging on glutathione metabolism
    • Maher P. The effects of stress and aging on glutathione metabolism. Ageing Res Rev 2005;4:288–314.
    • (2005) Ageing Res Rev , vol.4 , pp. 288-314
    • Maher, P.1
  • 60
    • 84928590555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of N-acetylcysteine after oral administration in Parkinson's disease
    • Katz M, Won SJ, Park Y, et al. Cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of N-acetylcysteine after oral administration in Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2015;21:500–503.
    • (2015) Parkinsonism Relat Disord , vol.21 , pp. 500-503
    • Katz, M.1    Won, S.J.2    Park, Y.3
  • 61
    • 84893841038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inosine to increase serum and cerebrospinal fluid urate in Parkinson disease: a randomized clinical trial
    • Parkinson Study Group S-PDI, Schwarzschild MA, Ascherio A, et al. Inosine to increase serum and cerebrospinal fluid urate in Parkinson disease: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Neurol 2014;71:141–150.
    • (2014) JAMA Neurol , vol.71 , pp. 141-150
    • Schwarzschild, M.A.1    Ascherio, A.2
  • 62
    • 0037044236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Midlife adiposity and the future risk of Parkinson's disease
    • Abbott RD, Ross GW, White LR, et al. Midlife adiposity and the future risk of Parkinson's disease. Neurology 2002;59:1051–1057.
    • (2002) Neurology , vol.59 , pp. 1051-1057
    • Abbott, R.D.1    Ross, G.W.2    White, L.R.3
  • 63
    • 84904761024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ketogenic diet in neuromuscular and neurodegenerative diseases
    • Paoli A, Bianco A, Damiani E, Bosco G. Ketogenic diet in neuromuscular and neurodegenerative diseases. Biomed Res Int 2014;2014:474296.
    • (2014) Biomed Res Int , vol.2014 , pp. 474296
    • Paoli, A.1    Bianco, A.2    Damiani, E.3    Bosco, G.4
  • 64
    • 84895119109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meta-analysis: overweight, obesity, and Parkinson's disease
    • Chen J, Guan Z, Wang L, Song G, Ma B, Wang Y. Meta-analysis: overweight, obesity, and Parkinson's disease. Int J Endocrinol 2014;2014:203930.
    • (2014) Int J Endocrinol , vol.2014 , pp. 203930
    • Chen, J.1    Guan, Z.2    Wang, L.3    Song, G.4    Ma, B.5    Wang, Y.6
  • 66
    • 84903785282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced risk of Parkinson's disease associated with lower body mass index and heavy leisure-time physical activity
    • Saaksjarvi K, Knekt P, Mannisto S, et al. Reduced risk of Parkinson's disease associated with lower body mass index and heavy leisure-time physical activity. Eur J Epidemiol 2014;29:285–292.
    • (2014) Eur J Epidemiol , vol.29 , pp. 285-292
    • Saaksjarvi, K.1    Knekt, P.2    Mannisto, S.3
  • 67
    • 84938686338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Body mass index and risk of Parkinson's disease: a dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies
    • Wang YL, Wang YT, Li JF, Zhang YZ, Yin HL, Han B. Body mass index and risk of Parkinson's disease: a dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies. PLoS One 2015;10:e0131778.
    • (2015) PLoS One , vol.10
    • Wang, Y.L.1    Wang, Y.T.2    Li, J.F.3    Zhang, Y.Z.4    Yin, H.L.5    Han, B.6
  • 69
    • 0026854957 scopus 로고
    • The association of diabetes mellitus with dementia in Parkinson's disease
    • Sandyk R, Awerbuch GI. The association of diabetes mellitus with dementia in Parkinson's disease. Int J Neurosci 1992;64:209–212.
    • (1992) Int J Neurosci , vol.64 , pp. 209-212
    • Sandyk, R.1    Awerbuch, G.I.2
  • 70
    • 84922351025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary factors in the etiology of Parkinson's disease
    • Agim ZS, Cannon JR. Dietary factors in the etiology of Parkinson's disease. Biomed Res Int 2015;2015:672838.
    • (2015) Biomed Res Int , vol.2015 , pp. 672838
    • Agim, Z.S.1    Cannon, J.R.2
  • 71
    • 84859847582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary patterns and risk of Parkinson's disease: a case-control study in Japan
    • Okubo H, Miyake Y, Sasaki S, et al. Dietary patterns and risk of Parkinson's disease: a case-control study in Japan. Eur J Neurol 2012;19:681–688.
    • (2012) Eur J Neurol , vol.19 , pp. 681-688
    • Okubo, H.1    Miyake, Y.2    Sasaki, S.3
  • 72
    • 84942500172 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Common pathophysiology affecting diabetic retinopathy and Parkinson's disease
    • Tian T, Li Z, Lu H. Common pathophysiology affecting diabetic retinopathy and Parkinson's disease. Med Hypotheses 2015;85(4):397–398.
    • (2015) Med Hypotheses , vol.85 , Issue.4 , pp. 397-398
    • Tian, T.1    Li, Z.2    Lu, H.3
  • 73
    • 80055084206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obesity, diabetes, and risk of Parkinson's disease
    • Palacios N, Gao X, McCullough ML, et al. Obesity, diabetes, and risk of Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord 2011;26:2253–2259.
    • (2011) Mov Disord , vol.26 , pp. 2253-2259
    • Palacios, N.1    Gao, X.2    McCullough, M.L.3
  • 74
    • 84918804167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diet-induced obesity accelerates the onset of terminal phenotypes in alpha-synuclein transgenic mice
    • Rotermund C, Truckenmuller FM, Schell H, Kahle PJ. Diet-induced obesity accelerates the onset of terminal phenotypes in alpha-synuclein transgenic mice. J Neurochem 2014;131:848–858.
    • (2014) J Neurochem , vol.131 , pp. 848-858
    • Rotermund, C.1    Truckenmuller, F.M.2    Schell, H.3    Kahle, P.J.4
  • 75
    • 84893723792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exercise induced adipokine changes and the metabolic syndrome
    • Golbidi S, Laher I. Exercise induced adipokine changes and the metabolic syndrome. J Diabetes Res 2014;2014:726861.
    • (2014) J Diabetes Res , vol.2014 , pp. 726861
    • Golbidi, S.1    Laher, I.2
  • 76
    • 35148886207 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma levels of interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein are associated with physical inactivity independent of obesity
    • Fischer CP, Berntsen A, Perstrup LB, Eskildsen P, Pedersen BK. Plasma levels of interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein are associated with physical inactivity independent of obesity. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2007;17:580–587.
    • (2007) Scand J Med Sci Sports , vol.17 , pp. 580-587
    • Fischer, C.P.1    Berntsen, A.2    Perstrup, L.B.3    Eskildsen, P.4    Pedersen, B.K.5
  • 77
    • 79956218430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diabetes and risk of Parkinson's disease
    • Xu Q, Park Y, Huang X, et al. Diabetes and risk of Parkinson's disease. Diabetes Care 2011;34:910–915.
    • (2011) Diabetes Care , vol.34 , pp. 910-915
    • Xu, Q.1    Park, Y.2    Huang, X.3
  • 79
    • 84863625218 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical features of Parkinson disease when onset of diabetes came first: A case-control study
    • Cereda E, Barichella M, Cassani E, Caccialanza R, Pezzoli G. Clinical features of Parkinson disease when onset of diabetes came first: A case-control study. Neurology 2012;78:1507–1511.
    • (2012) Neurology , vol.78 , pp. 1507-1511
    • Cereda, E.1    Barichella, M.2    Cassani, E.3    Caccialanza, R.4    Pezzoli, G.5
  • 80
    • 84874208932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diabetes and risk of Parkinson's disease
    • Cereda E, Barichella M, Pedrolli C, et al. Diabetes and risk of Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord 2013;28:257.
    • (2013) Mov Disord , vol.28 , pp. 257
    • Cereda, E.1    Barichella, M.2    Pedrolli, C.3
  • 81
    • 0025847968 scopus 로고
    • Insulin receptors in the central nervous system: localization, signalling mechanisms and functional aspects
    • Unger JW, Livingston JN, Moss AM. Insulin receptors in the central nervous system: localization, signalling mechanisms and functional aspects. Prog Neurobiol 1991;36:343–362.
    • (1991) Prog Neurobiol , vol.36 , pp. 343-362
    • Unger, J.W.1    Livingston, J.N.2    Moss, A.M.3
  • 82
    • 0032497504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parkinson's disease. First of two parts
    • Lang AE, Lozano AM. Parkinson's disease. First of two parts. N Engl J Med 1998;339:1044–1053.
    • (1998) N Engl J Med , vol.339 , pp. 1044-1053
    • Lang, A.E.1    Lozano, A.M.2
  • 83
    • 0028344810 scopus 로고
    • Loss of insulin receptor immunoreactivity from the substantia nigra pars compacta neurons in Parkinson's disease
    • Moroo I, Yamada T, Makino H, et al. Loss of insulin receptor immunoreactivity from the substantia nigra pars compacta neurons in Parkinson's disease. Acta Neuropathol 1994;87:343–348.
    • (1994) Acta Neuropathol , vol.87 , pp. 343-348
    • Moroo, I.1    Yamada, T.2    Makino, H.3
  • 84
    • 0030047594 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin receptor mRNA in the substantia nigra in Parkinson's disease
    • Takahashi M, Yamada T, Tooyama I, et al. Insulin receptor mRNA in the substantia nigra in Parkinson's disease. Neurosci Lett 1996;204:201–204.
    • (1996) Neurosci Lett , vol.204 , pp. 201-204
    • Takahashi, M.1    Yamada, T.2    Tooyama, I.3
  • 85
    • 0031808220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tyrosine hydroxylase and Parkinson's disease
    • Haavik J, Toska K. Tyrosine hydroxylase and Parkinson's disease. Mol Neurobiol 1998;16:285–309.
    • (1998) Mol Neurobiol , vol.16 , pp. 285-309
    • Haavik, J.1    Toska, K.2
  • 86
    • 84909590793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • System-based approaches to decode the molecular links in Parkinson's disease and diabetes
    • Santiago JA, Potashkin JA. System-based approaches to decode the molecular links in Parkinson's disease and diabetes. Neurobiol Dis 2014;72 Pt A:84–91.
    • (2014) Neurobiol Dis , vol.72 , pp. 84-91
    • Santiago, J.A.1    Potashkin, J.A.2
  • 87
    • 84855164438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of exercise in diabetic patients
    • Golbidi S, Badran M, Laher I. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of exercise in diabetic patients. Exp Diabetes Res 2012;2012:941868.
    • (2012) Exp Diabetes Res , vol.2012 , pp. 941868
    • Golbidi, S.1    Badran, M.2    Laher, I.3
  • 88
    • 84941167046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Colonic bacterial composition in Parkinson's disease
    • Keshavarzian A, Green SJ, Engen PA, et al. Colonic bacterial composition in Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord 2015;30:1351–1360.
    • (2015) Mov Disord , vol.30 , pp. 1351-1360
    • Keshavarzian, A.1    Green, S.J.2    Engen, P.A.3
  • 89
    • 84925368160 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased urinary indoxyl sulfate (indican): new insights into gut dysbiosis in Parkinson's disease
    • Cassani E, Barichella M, Cancello R, et al. Increased urinary indoxyl sulfate (indican): new insights into gut dysbiosis in Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2015;21:389–393.
    • (2015) Parkinsonism Relat Disord , vol.21 , pp. 389-393
    • Cassani, E.1    Barichella, M.2    Cancello, R.3
  • 90
    • 84873687718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of exercise on the cardiovascular risk factors constituting the metabolic syndrome: a meta-analysis of controlled trials
    • Pattyn N, Cornelissen VA, Eshghi SR, Vanhees L. The effect of exercise on the cardiovascular risk factors constituting the metabolic syndrome: a meta-analysis of controlled trials. Sports Med 2013;43:121–133.
    • (2013) Sports Med , vol.43 , pp. 121-133
    • Pattyn, N.1    Cornelissen, V.A.2    Eshghi, S.R.3    Vanhees, L.4
  • 91
    • 84868684984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of lifestyle modification on metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Yamaoka K, Tango T. Effects of lifestyle modification on metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Med 2012;10:138.
    • (2012) BMC Med , vol.10 , pp. 138
    • Yamaoka, K.1    Tango, T.2
  • 92
    • 84925884314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of exercise training on the traditional lipid profile and beyond
    • Gordon B, Chen S, Durstine JL. The effects of exercise training on the traditional lipid profile and beyond. Curr Sports Med Rep 2014;13:253–259.
    • (2014) Curr Sports Med Rep , vol.13 , pp. 253-259
    • Gordon, B.1    Chen, S.2    Durstine, J.L.3
  • 93
    • 84865721752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiotherapy versus placebo or no intervention in Parkinson's disease
    • Tomlinson CL, Patel S, Meek C, et al. Physiotherapy versus placebo or no intervention in Parkinson's disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013;9:CD002817.
    • (2013) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , vol.9 , pp. CD002817
    • Tomlinson, C.L.1    Patel, S.2    Meek, C.3
  • 95
    • 84918812259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dance as an intervention for people with Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Sharp K, Hewitt J. Dance as an intervention for people with Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2014;47:445–456.
    • (2014) Neurosci Biobehav Rev , vol.47 , pp. 445-456
    • Sharp, K.1    Hewitt, J.2
  • 96
    • 84856786739 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tai chi and postural stability in patients with Parkinson's disease
    • Li F, Harmer P, Fitzgerald K, et al. Tai chi and postural stability in patients with Parkinson's disease. N Engl J Med 2012;366:511–519.
    • (2012) N Engl J Med , vol.366 , pp. 511-519
    • Li, F.1    Harmer, P.2    Fitzgerald, K.3
  • 97
    • 84941600942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonpharmacological treatments for patients with Parkinson's disease
    • Bloem BR, de Vries NM, Ebersbach G. Nonpharmacological treatments for patients with Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord 2015;30:1504–1520.
    • (2015) Mov Disord , vol.30 , pp. 1504-1520
    • Bloem, B.R.1    de Vries, N.M.2    Ebersbach, G.3
  • 98
    • 45849121443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of exercise training in improving motor performance and corticomotor excitability in people with early Parkinson's disease
    • Fisher BE, Wu AD, Salem GJ, et al. The effect of exercise training in improving motor performance and corticomotor excitability in people with early Parkinson's disease. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2008;89:1221–1229.
    • (2008) Arch Phys Med Rehabil , vol.89 , pp. 1221-1229
    • Fisher, B.E.1    Wu, A.D.2    Salem, G.J.3
  • 99
    • 84883555841 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A two-year randomized controlled trial of progressive resistance exercise for Parkinson's disease
    • Corcos DM, Robichaud JA, David FJ, et al. A two-year randomized controlled trial of progressive resistance exercise for Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord 2013;28:1230–1240.
    • (2013) Mov Disord , vol.28 , pp. 1230-1240
    • Corcos, D.M.1    Robichaud, J.A.2    David, F.J.3
  • 100
    • 84944515199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exercise improves cognition in Parkinson's disease: The PRET-PD randomized, clinical trial
    • David FJ, Robichaud JA, Leurgans SE, et al. Exercise improves cognition in Parkinson's disease: The PRET-PD randomized, clinical trial. Mov Disord 2015;30:1657–1663.
    • (2015) Mov Disord , vol.30 , pp. 1657-1663
    • David, F.J.1    Robichaud, J.A.2    Leurgans, S.E.3
  • 101
    • 84919961650 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intensive rehabilitation treatment in early Parkinson's disease: a randomized pilot study with a 2-year follow-up
    • Frazzitta G, Maestri R, Bertotti G, et al. Intensive rehabilitation treatment in early Parkinson's disease: a randomized pilot study with a 2-year follow-up. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2015;29:123–131.
    • (2015) Neurorehabil Neural Repair , vol.29 , pp. 123-131
    • Frazzitta, G.1    Maestri, R.2    Bertotti, G.3
  • 102
    • 84892720670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intensive rehabilitation increases BDNF serum levels in parkinsonian patients: a randomized study
    • Frazzitta G, Maestri R, Ghilardi MF, et al. Intensive rehabilitation increases BDNF serum levels in parkinsonian patients: a randomized study. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2014;28:163–168.
    • (2014) Neurorehabil Neural Repair , vol.28 , pp. 163-168
    • Frazzitta, G.1    Maestri, R.2    Ghilardi, M.F.3
  • 103
    • 84856321318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized controlled trial of community-based dancing to modify disease progression in Parkinson disease
    • Duncan RP, Earhart GM. Randomized controlled trial of community-based dancing to modify disease progression in Parkinson disease. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2012;26:132–143.
    • (2012) Neurorehabil Neural Repair , vol.26 , pp. 132-143
    • Duncan, R.P.1    Earhart, G.M.2
  • 105
    • 84982748100 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Economic evaluation of a tai ji quan intervention to reduce falls in people with Parkinson disease, Oregon, 2008-2011
    • Li F, Harmer P. Economic evaluation of a tai ji quan intervention to reduce falls in people with Parkinson disease, Oregon, 2008-2011. Prev Chronic Dis 2015;12:E120.
    • (2015) Prev Chronic Dis , vol.12
    • Li, F.1    Harmer, P.2
  • 106
    • 0037435524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of comorbid disease and injuries on resource use and expenditures in parkinsonism
    • Pressley JC, Louis ED, Tang MX, et al. The impact of comorbid disease and injuries on resource use and expenditures in parkinsonism. Neurology 2003;60:87–93.
    • (2003) Neurology , vol.60 , pp. 87-93
    • Pressley, J.C.1    Louis, E.D.2    Tang, M.X.3
  • 107
    • 0036721026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protection and reversal of excitotoxic neuronal damage by glucagon-like peptide-1 and exendin-4
    • Perry T, Haughey NJ, Mattson MP, Egan JM, Greig NH. Protection and reversal of excitotoxic neuronal damage by glucagon-like peptide-1 and exendin-4. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2002;302:881–888.
    • (2002) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.302 , pp. 881-888
    • Perry, T.1    Haughey, N.J.2    Mattson, M.P.3    Egan, J.M.4    Greig, N.H.5
  • 108
    • 84936871959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroprotective effects of lixisenatide and liraglutide in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine mouse model of Parkinson's disease
    • Liu W, Jalewa J, Sharma M, Li G, Li L, Holscher C. Neuroprotective effects of lixisenatide and liraglutide in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Neuroscience 2015;303:42–50.
    • (2015) Neuroscience , vol.303 , pp. 42-50
    • Liu, W.1    Jalewa, J.2    Sharma, M.3    Li, G.4    Li, L.5    Holscher, C.6
  • 109
    • 84878542289 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exenatide and the treatment of patients with Parkinson's disease
    • Aviles-Olmos I, Dickson J, Kefalopoulou Z, et al. Exenatide and the treatment of patients with Parkinson's disease. J Clin Invest 2013;123:2730–2736.
    • (2013) J Clin Invest , vol.123 , pp. 2730-2736
    • Aviles-Olmos, I.1    Dickson, J.2    Kefalopoulou, Z.3
  • 110
    • 84897848264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exenatide as a potential treatment for patients with Parkinson's disease: first steps into the clinic
    • Foltynie T, Aviles-Olmos I. Exenatide as a potential treatment for patients with Parkinson's disease: first steps into the clinic. Alzheimers Dement 2014;10:S38–S46.
    • (2014) Alzheimers Dement , vol.10 , pp. S38-S46
    • Foltynie, T.1    Aviles-Olmos, I.2
  • 111
    • 84887625913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phase II safety, tolerability, and dose selection study of isradipine as a potential disease-modifying intervention in early Parkinson's disease (STEADY-PD)
    • Parkinson Study G. Phase II safety, tolerability, and dose selection study of isradipine as a potential disease-modifying intervention in early Parkinson's disease (STEADY-PD). Mov Disord 2013;28:1823–1831.
    • (2013) Mov Disord , vol.28 , pp. 1823-1831
  • 112
    • 84867369703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age, statin use, and the risk for incident Parkinson disease-reply
    • Gao X, Simon KC, Schwarzschild MA, Ascherio A. Age, statin use, and the risk for incident Parkinson disease-reply. Arch Neurol 2012;69:1381.
    • (2012) Arch Neurol , vol.69 , pp. 1381
    • Gao, X.1    Simon, K.C.2    Schwarzschild, M.A.3    Ascherio, A.4
  • 113
    • 20144382073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Consumption of milk and calcium in midlife and the future risk of Parkinson disease
    • Park M, Ross GW, Petrovitch H, et al. Consumption of milk and calcium in midlife and the future risk of Parkinson disease. Neurology 2005;64:1047–1051.
    • (2005) Neurology , vol.64 , pp. 1047-1051
    • Park, M.1    Ross, G.W.2    Petrovitch, H.3
  • 115
    • 84956772534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Economic evaluation of a falls prevention exercise program among people With Parkinson's disease
    • Farag I, Sherrington C, Hayes A, et al. Economic evaluation of a falls prevention exercise program among people With Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord 2016;31:53–61.
    • (2016) Mov Disord , vol.31 , pp. 53-61
    • Farag, I.1    Sherrington, C.2    Hayes, A.3
  • 118
    • 84884901205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Targeting dysregulation of brain iron homeostasis in Parkinson's disease by iron chelators
    • Weinreb O, Mandel S, Youdim MB, Amit T. Targeting dysregulation of brain iron homeostasis in Parkinson's disease by iron chelators. Free Radic Biol Med 2013;62:52–64.
    • (2013) Free Radic Biol Med , vol.62 , pp. 52-64
    • Weinreb, O.1    Mandel, S.2    Youdim, M.B.3    Amit, T.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.