메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 111, Issue 10, 2016, Pages 1416-1423

Statins Associated with Decreased Risk of New Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENT; ATORVASTATIN; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; MEVINOLIN; ORAL CONTRACEPTIVE AGENT; PRAVASTATIN; ROSUVASTATIN; SIMVASTATIN;

EID: 84990882935     PISSN: 00029270     EISSN: 15720241     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/ajg.2016.233     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (57)

References (53)
  • 1
    • 0033773642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Concordance of infl ammatory bowel disease among Danish twins. Results of a nationwide study
    • Orholm M, Binder V, Sørensen TI et al. Concordance of infl ammatory bowel disease among Danish twins. Results of a nationwide study. Scand J Gastroenterol 2000; 35: 1075-81.
    • (2000) Scand J Gastroenterol , vol.35 , pp. 1075-1081
    • Orholm, M.1    Binder, V.2    Sørensen, T.I.3
  • 2
    • 0038620498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infl ammatory bowel disease in a Swedish twin cohort: A long-term follow-up of concordance and clinical characteristics
    • Halfvarson J, Bodin L, Tysk C et al. Infl ammatory bowel disease in a Swedish twin cohort: a long-term follow-up of concordance and clinical characteristics. Gastroenterology 2003; 124: 1767-73.
    • (2003) Gastroenterology , vol.124 , pp. 1767-1773
    • Halfvarson, J.1    Bodin, L.2    Tysk, C.3
  • 3
    • 79955561083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology and natural history of infl ammatory bowel diseases
    • Cosnes J, Gower-Rousseau C, Seksik P et al. Epidemiology and natural history of infl ammatory bowel diseases. Gastroenterology 2011; 140: 1785-94.
    • (2011) Gastroenterology , vol.140 , pp. 1785-1794
    • Cosnes, J.1    Gower-Rousseau, C.2    Seksik, P.3
  • 4
    • 34249010216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contribution of genetic and environmental factors in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease in a large family with multiple cases
    • Joossens M, Simoens M, Vermeire S et al. Contribution of genetic and environmental factors in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease in a large family with multiple cases. Infl amm Bowel Dis 2007; 13: 580-4.
    • (2007) Infl Amm Bowel Dis , vol.13 , pp. 580-584
    • Joossens, M.1    Simoens, M.2    Vermeire, S.3
  • 5
    • 0035869415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Appendectomy and protection against ulcerative colitis
    • Andersson RE, Olaison G, Tysk C et al. Appendectomy and protection against ulcerative colitis. N Engl J Med 2001; 344: 808-14.
    • (2001) N Engl J Med , vol.344 , pp. 808-814
    • Andersson, R.E.1    Olaison, G.2    Tysk, C.3
  • 6
    • 0037221708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Appendectomy is followed by increased risk of Crohn's disease
    • Andersson RE, Olaison G, Tysk C et al. Appendectomy is followed by increased risk of Crohn's disease. Gastroenterology 2003; 124: 40-6.
    • (2003) Gastroenterology , vol.124 , pp. 40-46
    • Andersson, R.E.1    Olaison, G.2    Tysk, C.3
  • 7
    • 33750610190 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking and infl ammatory bowel disease: A meta-analysis
    • Mahid SS, Minor KS, Soto RE et al. Smoking and infl ammatory bowel disease: a meta-analysis. Mayo Clin Proc 2006; 81: 1462-71.
    • (2006) Mayo Clin Proc , vol.81 , pp. 1462-1471
    • Mahid, S.S.1    Minor, K.S.2    Soto, R.E.3
  • 8
    • 84857533986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Higher predicted Vitamin D status is associated with reduced risk of Crohn's disease
    • Ananthakrishnan AN, Khalili H, Higuchi LM et al. Higher predicted vitamin D status is associated with reduced risk of Crohn's disease. Gastroenterology 2012; 142: 482-9.
    • (2012) Gastroenterology , vol.142 , pp. 482-489
    • Ananthakrishnan, A.N.1    Khalili, H.2    Higuchi, L.M.3
  • 9
    • 84886794916 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective study of long-term intake of dietary fi ber and risk of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis
    • Ananthakrishnan AN, Khalili H, Konijeti GG et al. A prospective study of long-term intake of dietary fi ber and risk of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology 2013; 145: 970-7.
    • (2013) Gastroenterology , vol.145 , pp. 970-977
    • Ananthakrishnan, A.N.1    Khalili, H.2    Konijeti, G.G.3
  • 11
    • 84909958892 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibiotics associated with increased risk of new-onset Crohn's disease but not ulcerative colitis: A meta-analysis
    • Ungaro R, Bernstein CN, Gearry R et al. Antibiotics associated with increased risk of new-onset Crohn's disease but not ulcerative colitis: a meta-analysis. Am J Gastroenterol 2014; 109: 1728-38.
    • (2014) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.109 , pp. 1728-1738
    • Ungaro, R.1    Bernstein, C.N.2    Gearry, R.3
  • 12
    • 50649119301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The risk of oral contraceptives in the etiology of infl ammatory bowel disease: A meta-analysis
    • Cornish JA, Tan E, Simillis C et al. The risk of oral contraceptives in the etiology of infl ammatory bowel disease: a meta-analysis. Am J Gastroenterol 2008; 103: 2394-400.
    • (2008) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.103 , pp. 2394-2400
    • Cornish, J.A.1    Tan, E.2    Simillis, C.3
  • 13
    • 84868103886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hormone therapy increases risk of ulcerative colitis but not Crohn's disease
    • Khalili H, Higuchi LM, Ananthakrishnan AN et al. Hormone therapy increases risk of ulcerative colitis but not crohn's disease. Gastroenterology 2012; 143: 1199-206.
    • (2012) Gastroenterology , vol.143 , pp. 1199-1206
    • Khalili, H.1    Higuchi, L.M.2    Ananthakrishnan, A.N.3
  • 14
    • 77953991788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isotretinoin use and the risk of infl ammatory bowel disease: A case-control study
    • Crockett SD, Porter CQ, Martin CF et al. Isotretinoin use and the risk of infl ammatory bowel disease: a case-control study. Am J Gastroenterol 2010; 105: 1986-93.
    • (2010) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.105 , pp. 1986-1993
    • Crockett, S.D.1    Porter, C.Q.2    Martin, C.F.3
  • 15
    • 84874227785 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isotretinoin and risk for infl ammatory bowel disease: A nested case-control study and meta-analysis of published and unpublished data
    • Etminan M, Bird ST, Delaney JA et al. Isotretinoin and risk for infl ammatory bowel disease: A nested case-control study and meta-analysis of published and unpublished data. JAMA Dermatol. 2013; 149: 216-20.
    • (2013) JAMA Dermatol. , vol.149 , pp. 216-220
    • Etminan, M.1    Bird, S.T.2    Delaney, J.A.3
  • 16
    • 80052030390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aspirin in the aetiology of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis: A european prospective cohort study
    • Chan SS, Luben R, Bergmann MM et al. Aspirin in the aetiology of crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis: A european prospective cohort study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2011; 34: 649-55.
    • (2011) Aliment Pharmacol Ther , vol.34 , pp. 649-655
    • Chan, S.S.1    Luben, R.2    Bergmann, M.M.3
  • 17
    • 84857740500 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aspirin, nonsteroidal anti-infl ammatory drug use, and risk for Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis: A cohort study
    • Ananthakrishnan AN, Higuchi LM, Huang ES et al. Aspirin, nonsteroidal anti-infl ammatory drug use, and risk for crohn disease and ulcerative colitis: A cohort study. Ann Intern Med 2012; 156: 350-9.
    • (2012) Ann Intern Med , vol.156 , pp. 350-359
    • Ananthakrishnan, A.N.1    Higuchi, L.M.2    Huang, E.S.3
  • 18
    • 0030913612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-steroidal anti-infl ammatory drugs are associated wiThemergency admission to hospital for colitis due to infl ammatory bowel disease
    • Evans JM, McMahon AD, Murray FE et al. Non-steroidal anti-infl ammatory drugs are associated wiThemergency admission to hospital for colitis due to infl ammatory bowel disease. Gut 1997; 40: 619-22.
    • (1997) Gut , vol.40 , pp. 619-622
    • Evans, J.M.1    McMahon, A.D.2    Murray, F.E.3
  • 19
    • 0037444883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-steroidal anti-infl ammatory drugs, aspirin and newly diagnosed colitis: A case-control study
    • Gleeson MH, Davis AJ. Non-steroidal anti-infl ammatory drugs, aspirin and newly diagnosed colitis: a case-control study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2003; 17: 817-25.
    • (2003) Aliment Pharmacol Ther , vol.17 , pp. 817-825
    • Gleeson, M.H.1    Davis, A.J.2
  • 20
    • 84904497873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-cardiovascular Effects associated with statins
    • Desai CS, Martin SS, Blumenthal RS. Non-cardiovascular Effects associated with statins. BMJ 2014; 349: g3743.
    • (2014) BMJ , vol.349 , pp. g3743
    • Desai, C.S.1    Martin, S.S.2    Blumenthal, R.S.3
  • 21
    • 0034948339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statins selectively inhibit leukocyte function antigen-1 by binding to a novel regulatory integrin site
    • Weitz-Schmidt G, Welzenbach K, Brinkmann V et al. Statins selectively inhibit leukocyte function antigen-1 by binding to a novel regulatory integrin site. Nat Med 2001; 7: 687-92.
    • (2001) Nat Med , vol.7 , pp. 687-692
    • Weitz-Schmidt, G.1    Welzenbach, K.2    Brinkmann, V.3
  • 23
    • 84860672665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statins are associated with reduced use of steroids in infl ammatory bowel disease: A retrospective cohort study
    • Crockett SD, Hansen R, Stürmer T et al. Statins are associated with reduced use of steroids in infl ammatory bowel disease: a retrospective cohort study. Infl amm Bowel Dis 2012; 18: 1048-56.
    • (2012) Infl Amm Bowel Dis , vol.18 , pp. 1048-1056
    • Crockett, S.D.1    Hansen, R.2    Stürmer, T.3
  • 24
    • 56749161704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of atorvastatin as an antiinfl ammatory treatment in Crohn's disease
    • Grip O, Janciauskiene S, Bredberg A. Use of atorvastatin as an antiinfl ammatory treatment in Crohn's disease. Br J Pharmacol 2008; 155: 1085-92.
    • (2008) Br J Pharmacol , vol.155 , pp. 1085-1092
    • Grip, O.1    Janciauskiene, S.2    Bredberg, A.3
  • 25
    • 65549131046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atorvastatin reduces plasma levels of chemokine (CXCL10) in patients with Crohn's disease
    • Grip O, Janciauskiene S. Atorvastatin reduces plasma levels of chemokine (CXCL10) in patients with Crohn's disease. PLoS One 2009; 4: 1-6.
    • (2009) PLoS One , vol.4 , pp. 1-6
    • Grip, O.1    Janciauskiene, S.2
  • 26
    • 33748945482 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atorvastatin decreases Seo Index in patients with short duration of disease in ulcerative colitis: A randomized placebo-controlled clinical\trial
    • Higgins PD, Khan T, Mapili J et al. Atorvastatin decreases Seo Index in patients with short duration of disease in ulcerative colitis: A randomized placebo-controlled clinical\trial. Gastroenterology 2006; 130: A120.
    • (2006) Gastroenterology , vol.130 , pp. A120
    • Higgins, P.D.1    Khan, T.2    Mapili, J.3
  • 27
    • 84922703915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A nationwide 2010-2012 analysis of U. S. Health care utilization in infl ammatory bowel diseases
    • vanDeen WK, van Oijen MGH, Myers KD et al. A nationwide 2010-2012 analysis of U. S. health care utilization in infl ammatory bowel diseases. Infl amm Bowel Dis 2014; 20: 1747-53.
    • (2014) Infl Amm Bowel Dis , vol.20 , pp. 1747-1753
    • VanDeen, W.K.1    Van Oijen, M.G.H.2    Myers, K.D.3
  • 28
    • 82955251005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between the use of antibiotics and new diagnoses of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis
    • Shaw SY, Blanchard JF, Bernstein CN. Association between the use of antibiotics and new diagnoses of crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Am J Gastroenterol 2011; 106: 2133-42.
    • (2011) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.106 , pp. 2133-2142
    • Shaw, S.Y.1    Blanchard, J.F.2    Bernstein, C.N.3
  • 29
    • 84869788946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metformin and the risk of cancer: Time-related biases in observational studies
    • Suissa S, Azoulay L. Metformin and the risk of cancer: time-related biases in observational studies. Diabetes Care 2012; 35: 2665-73.
    • (2012) Diabetes Care , vol.35 , pp. 2665-2673
    • Suissa, S.1    Azoulay, L.2
  • 30
    • 84951569622 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding and avoiding immortal-time bias in gastrointestinal observational research
    • Targownik LE, Suissa S. Understanding and avoiding immortal-time bias in gastrointestinal observational research. Am J Gastroenterol 2015; 110: 1647-50.
    • (2015) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.110 , pp. 1647-1650
    • Targownik, L.E.1    Suissa, S.2
  • 31
    • 84867173210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibiotic exposure and IBD development among children: A population-based cohort study
    • Kronman MP, Zaoutis TE, Haynes K et al. Antibiotic exposure and IBD development among children: a population-based cohort study. Pediatrics 2012; 130: e794-803.
    • (2012) Pediatrics , vol.130 , pp. e794-803
    • Kronman, M.P.1    Zaoutis, T.E.2    Haynes, K.3
  • 32
    • 84859728797 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of repeated exposure to antibiotics with the development of pediatric Crohn's disease-a nationwide, register-based Finnish case-control study
    • Virta L, Auvinen A, Helenius H et al. Association of repeated exposure to antibiotics with the development of pediatric Crohn's disease-a nationwide, register-based Finnish case-control study. Am J Epidemiol 2012; 175: 775-84.
    • (2012) Am J Epidemiol , vol.175 , pp. 775-784
    • Virta, L.1    Auvinen, A.2    Helenius, H.3
  • 33
    • 84902576469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2013 ACC/AHA guideline on the treatment of blood cholesterol to reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk in adults: A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines
    • Stone NJ, Robinson JG, Lichtenstein AH et al. 2013 ACC/AHA guideline on the treatment of blood cholesterol to reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk in adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol 2014; 63: 2889-934.
    • (2014) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.63 , pp. 2889-2934
    • Stone, N.J.1    Robinson, J.G.2    Lichtenstein, A.H.3
  • 35
    • 84868103886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hormone therapy increases risk of ulcerative colitis but not Crohn's disease
    • Khalili H, Higuchi LM, Ananthakrishnan AN et al. Hormone therapy increases risk of ulcerative colitis but not Crohn's disease. Gastroenterology 2012; 143: 1199-206.
    • (2012) Gastroenterology , vol.143 , pp. 1199-1206
    • Khalili, H.1    Higuchi, L.M.2    Ananthakrishnan, A.N.3
  • 36
    • 84880321582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral contraceptives, reproductive factors and risk of infl ammatory bowel disease
    • Khalili H, Higuchi LM, Ananthakrishnan AN et al. Oral contraceptives, reproductive factors and risk of infl ammatory bowel disease. Gut 2013; 62: 1153-9.
    • (2013) Gut , vol.62 , pp. 1153-1159
    • Khalili, H.1    Higuchi, L.M.2    Ananthakrishnan, A.N.3
  • 37
    • 84928584490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of frequency of infl ammatory bowel disease and noninfectious gastroenteritis among statin users versus nonusers
    • Khalil D, Boktor M, Mortensen EM et al. Comparison of frequency of infl ammatory bowel disease and noninfectious gastroenteritis among statin users versus nonusers. Am J Cardiol 2015; 115: 1396-401.
    • (2015) Am J Cardiol , vol.115 , pp. 1396-1401
    • Khalil, D.1    Boktor, M.2    Mortensen, E.M.3
  • 38
    • 84906789715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statins: From cholesterol-lowering drugs to novel immunomodulators for the treatment of Th 17-mediated autoimmune diseases
    • Ulivieri C, Baldari CT. Statins: from cholesterol-lowering drugs to novel immunomodulators for the treatment of Th 17-mediated autoimmune diseases. Pharacol Res 2014; 88: 41-52.
    • (2014) Pharacol Res , vol.88 , pp. 41-52
    • Ulivieri, C.1    Baldari, C.T.2
  • 39
    • 84928609082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of statins therapy on disease activity and infl ammatory factor in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A metaanalysis
    • Lv S, Liu Y, Zou Z et al. The impact of statins therapy on disease activity and infl ammatory factor in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a metaanalysis. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2015; 33: 69-76.
    • (2015) Clin Exp Rheumatol , vol.33 , pp. 69-76
    • Lv, S.1    Liu, Y.2    Zou, Z.3
  • 40
    • 2442561768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral simvastatin treatment in relapsingremitting multiple sclerosis
    • Vollmer T, Key L, Durkalski V et al. Oral simvastatin treatment in relapsingremitting multiple sclerosis. The Lancet 2004; 363: 1607-8.
    • (2004) The Lancet , vol.363 , pp. 1607-1608
    • Vollmer, T.1    Key, L.2    Durkalski, V.3
  • 41
    • 84906790536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atorvastatin Effect on systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity: A double-blind randomized clinical trial
    • Fatemi A, Moosavi M, Sayedbonakdar Z et al. Atorvastatin Effect on systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity: a double-blind randomized clinical trial. Clin Rheumatol 2014; 33: 1273-8.
    • (2014) Clin Rheumatol , vol.33 , pp. 1273-1278
    • Fatemi, A.1    Moosavi, M.2    Sayedbonakdar, Z.3
  • 42
    • 78649918795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anti-infl ammatory Effects of Resveratrol, Curcumin and Simvastatin in acute small intestinal infl ammation
    • Bereswill S, Muñoz M, Fischer A et al. Anti-infl ammatory Effects of Resveratrol, Curcumin and Simvastatin in acute small intestinal infl ammation. PLoS One 2010; 5: e15099.
    • (2010) PLoS One , vol.5 , pp. e15099
    • Bereswill, S.1    Muñoz, M.2    Fischer, A.3
  • 43
    • 0037038402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, atorvastatin, promotes a Th 2 bias and reverses paralysis in central nervous system autoimmune disease
    • Youssef S, Stüve O, Patarroyo JC et al. The HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, atorvastatin, promotes a Th 2 bias and reverses paralysis in central nervous system autoimmune disease. Nature 2002; 420: 78-84.
    • (2002) Nature , vol.420 , pp. 78-84
    • Youssef, S.1    Stüve, O.2    Patarroyo, J.C.3
  • 44
    • 33745684509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of statins on experimental colitis in normocholesterolemic rats
    • Jahovic N, Gedik N, Ercan F et al. Effects of statins on experimental colitis in normocholesterolemic rats. Scand J Gastroenterol 2006; 41: 954-62.
    • (2006) Scand J Gastroenterol , vol.41 , pp. 954-962
    • Jahovic, N.1    Gedik, N.2    Ercan, F.3
  • 45
    • 80755143841 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Effect of atorvastatin and its role on systemic cytokine network in treatment of acute experimental colitis
    • Aktunc E, Kayhan B, Arasli M et al. The Effect of atorvastatin and its role on systemic cytokine network in treatment of acute experimental colitis. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2011; 33: 667-75.
    • (2011) Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol , vol.33 , pp. 667-675
    • Aktunc, E.1    Kayhan, B.2    Arasli, M.3
  • 46
    • 0037382469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitor pravastatin reduces disease activity and infl ammation in dextran-sulfate induced colitis
    • Sasaki M, Bharwani S, Jordan P et al. The 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitor pravastatin reduces disease activity and infl ammation in dextran-sulfate induced colitis. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2003; 305: 78-85.
    • (2003) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.305 , pp. 78-85
    • Sasaki, M.1    Bharwani, S.2    Jordan, P.3
  • 47
    • 84857694797 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statins as anti-infl ammatory agents in atherogenesis: Molecular mechanisms and lessons from the recent clinical trials
    • Antonopoulos S, Margaritis M, Lee R et al. Statins as anti-infl ammatory agents in atherogenesis: molecular mechanisms and lessons from the recent clinical trials. Curr Pharm Des 2012; 18: 1519-30.
    • (2012) Curr Pharm des , vol.18 , pp. 1519-1530
    • Antonopoulos, S.1    Margaritis, M.2    Lee, R.3
  • 48
    • 77949515552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the role of ischemia in the pathogenesis of IBD. A review
    • Ibrahim CB, Aroniadis OC, Brandt LJ. On the role of ischemia in the pathogenesis of IBD. A review. Infl amm Bowel Dis 2010; 16: 696-702.
    • (2010) Infl Amm Bowel Dis , vol.16 , pp. 696-702
    • Ibrahim, C.B.1    Aroniadis, O.C.2    Brandt, L.J.3
  • 50
    • 44449134283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simvastatin attenuates trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colitis, but not oxazalone-induced colitis
    • Ikeda M, Takeshima F, Isomoto H et al. Simvastatin attenuates trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colitis, but not oxazalone-induced colitis. D ig Dis Sci 2 008; 5 3: 1 869-7 5.
    • (2008) Dig Dis Sci , vol.53 , pp. 1869-1875
    • Ikeda, M.1    Takeshima, F.2    Isomoto, H.3
  • 51
    • 84990987860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America
    • Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America. The Facts About Infl ammatory Bowel Disease, 2014. Accessed at http://www. ccfa. org/assets/pdfs/updatedibdfactbook. pdf.
    • (2014) The Facts about Infl Ammatory Bowel Disease
  • 53
    • 0031661402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing the sensitivity of regression results to unmeasured confounders in observational studies
    • Lin DY, Psaty BM, Kronmal RA. Assessing the sensitivity of regression results to unmeasured confounders in observational studies. Biometrics 1998; 54: 948-63.
    • (1998) Biometrics , vol.54 , pp. 948-963
    • Lin, D.Y.1    Psaty, B.M.2    Kronmal, R.A.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.