The management of multidrug-resistant enterobacteriaceae

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases

Volumn 29, Issue 6, 2016, Pages 583-594

  Bassetti, Matteo ^a   Peghin, Maddalena ^a   Pecori, Davide ^a  

^a Servicio de Urologia   (Italy)

Author keywords

Enterobacteriaceae; Extended spectrum b lactamase; Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase; Multidrug resistant; Treatment

Indexed keywords

AMINOGLYCOSIDE ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; CARBAPENEM DERIVATIVE; COLISTIN; EXTENDED SPECTRUM BETA LACTAMASE; FOSFOMYCIN; MEROPENEM; PIPERACILLIN PLUS TAZOBACTAM; TIGECYCLINE; ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT; BETA LACTAMASE; BETA LACTAMASE INHIBITOR;

ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY; ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY; BACTERIAL STRAIN; CARBAPENEM RESISTANT ENTEROBACTERIACEAE; CARBAPENEMASE PRODUCING ENTEROBACTERIACEAE; COMBINATION DRUG THERAPY; DRUG MONITORING; ENTEROBACTERIACEAE; ENTEROBACTERIACEAE INFECTION; HUMAN; IN VITRO STUDY; MINIMUM INHIBITORY CONCENTRATION; MONOTHERAPY; MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE; NONHUMAN; REVIEW; BIOSYNTHESIS; DRUG EFFECTS; ENZYMOLOGY; MICROBIAL SENSITIVITY TEST; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY;

ANTI-BACTERIAL AGENTS; BETA-LACTAMASE INHIBITORS; BETA-LACTAMASES; CARBAPENEMS; DRUG RESISTANCE, MULTIPLE, BACTERIAL; ENTEROBACTERIACEAE; ENTEROBACTERIACEAE INFECTIONS; HUMANS; MICROBIAL SENSITIVITY TESTS; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES;

EID: 84984706279     PISSN: 09517375     EISSN: 14736527     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000000314     Document Type: Review

References (90)

1. Kazmierczak KM, Rabine S, Hackel M, et al. Multiyear, multinational survey of the incidence and global distribution of metallo-b-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2015; 60: 1067-1078.
2. Albiger B, Glasner C, Struelens MJ, et al., European Survey of Carbapenemase- Producing Enterobacteriaceae (EuSCAPE) Working Group. Carbapenemase- producing Enterobacteriaceae in Europe: Assessment by national experts from 38 countries, May 2015. Euro Surveill 2015; 20. doi: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2015.20.45.30062.
3. Center for Disease Dynamics EP. State of the World's Antibiotics, 2015. Washington, DC: CDDEP; 2015.
4. Viale P, Giannella M, Tedeschi S, Lewis R. Treatment of MDR-gram negative infections in the 21st century: A never ending threat for clinicians. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2015; 24: 30-37.
5. Falcone M, Russo A, Iacovelli A, et al. Predictors of outcome in ICU patients with septic shock caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae. Clini Microbiol Infect 2016; 22: 444-445.
6. Tumbarello M, Viale P, Bassetti M, et al. Infections caused by KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae: Differences in therapy and mortality in a multicentre study: Authors' response. J Antimicrob Chemother 2015; 70: 2922.
7. Kantele A, Laaveri T, Mero S, et al. Antimicrobials increase travelers' risk of colonization by extended-spectrum betalactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Clin Infect Dis 2015; 60: 837-846.
8. Heudorf U, Krackhardt B, Karathana M, et al. Multidrug-resistant bacteria in unaccompanied refugee minors arriving in Frankfurt am Main, Germany, October to November 2015. Euro Surveill 2016; 21. doi: 10.2807/1560- 7917.ES.2016.21.2.30109.
9. Karanika S, Karantanos T, Arvanitis M, et al. Fecal colonization with extendedspectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae and risk factors among healthy individuals: A systematic review and metaanalysis. Clin Infect Dis 2016; 63: 310-318.
10. Kengkla K, Charoensuk N, Chaichana M, et al. Clinical risk scoring system for predicting extended-spectrum b-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli infection in hospitalized patients. J Hosp Infect 2016; 93: 49-56.
11. Miller BM, Johnson SW. Demographic and infection characteristics of patients with carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in a community hospital: Development of a bedside clinical score for risk assessment. Am J Infect Control 2016; 44: 134-137.
12. Tumbarello M, Trecarichi EM, Bassetti M, et al. Identifying patients harboring extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae on hospital admission: Derivation and validation of a scoring system. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2011; 55: 3485-3490.
13. Lew KY, Ng TM, Tan M, et al. Safety and clinical outcomes of carbapenem deescalation as part of an antimicrobial stewardship programme in an ESBLendemic setting. J Antimicrob Chemother 2015; 70: 1219-1225.
14. Gutierrez-Gutierrez B, Bonomo RA, Carmeli Y, et al. Ertapenem for the treatment of bloodstream infections due to ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae: A multinational preregistered cohort study. J Antimicrob Chemother 2016; 71: 1672-1680.
15. Rodriguez-Bano J, Cisneros JM, Cobos-Trigueros N, et al. Diagnosis and antimicrobial treatment of invasive infections due to multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. Guidelines of the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology. Enferm Infect Microbiol Clin 2015; 33: 337.e1- 337.e21.
16. Harris PN, Tambyah PA, Paterson DL. b-lactam and b-lactamase inhibitor combinations in the treatment of extended-spectrum b-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae: Time for a reappraisal in the era of few antibiotic options? Lancet Infect Dis 2015; 15: 475-485.
17. Ng TM, Khong WX, Harris PN, et al. Empiric piperacillin-tazobactam versus carbapenems in the treatment of bacteraemia due to extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae. PLoS One 2016; 11: E0153696.
18. Tamma PD, Han JH, Rock C, et al. Carbapenem therapy is associated with improved survival compared with piperacillin-tazobactam for patients with extended-spectrum b-lactamase bacteremia. Clin Infect Dis 2015; 60: 1319-1325.
19. Gutierrez-Gutierrez B, Perez-Galera S, Salamanca E, et al. A multinational, preregistered cohort study of b-lactam/b-lactamase inhibitor combinations for treatment of bloodstream infections due to extended-spectrum-b-lactamaseproducing Enterobacteriaceae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2016; 60: 4159-4169.
20. Harris PN, Peleg AY, Iredell J, et al. Meropenem versus piperacillin-tazobactam for definitive treatment of bloodstream infections due to ceftriaxone nonsusceptible Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp (the MERINO trial): Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. Trials 2015; 16: 24.
21. van Duin D, Bonomo RA. Ceftazidime/avibactam and ceftolozane/tazobactam: Second-generation b-lactam/b-lactamase combinations. Clin Infect Dis 2016; 63: 234-241.
22. Matsumura Y, Yamamoto M, NagaoM, et al. Multicenter retrospective study of cefmetazole and flomoxef for treatment of extended-spectrum-b-lactamaseproducing Escherichia coli bacteremia. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2015; 59: 5107-5113.
23. Soubirou JF, Rossi B, Couffignal C, et al. Activity of temocillin in a murine model of urinary tract infection due to Escherichia coli producing or not producing the ESBL CTX-M-15. J Antimicrob Chemother 2015; 70: 1466-1472.
24. Pournaras S, Koumaki V, Spanakis N, et al. Current perspectives on tigecycline resistance in Enterobacteriaceae: Susceptibility testing issues and mechanisms of resistance. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2016; 48: 11-18.
25. Eckmann C, Heizmann WR, Leitner E, et al. Prospective, noninterventional, multicentre trial of tigecycline in the treatment of severely ill patients with complicated infections: New insights into clinical results and treatment practice. Chemotherapy 2011; 57: 275-284.
26. Heizmann WR, Loschmann PA, Eckmann C, et al. Clinical efficacy of tigecycline used as monotherapy or in combination regimens for complicated infections with documented involvement of multiresistant bacteria. Infection 2015; 43: 37-43.
27. Cha MK, Kang CI, Kim SH, et al. In vitro activities of 21 antimicrobial agents alone and in combination with aminoglycosides or fluoroquinolones against extended-spectrum-b-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolates causing bacteremia. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2015; 59: 5834-5837.
28. Veve MP, Wagner JL, Kenney RM, et al. Comparison of fosfomycin to ertapenem for outpatient or step-down therapy of extended-spectrum blactamase urinary tract infections. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2016; 48: 56-60.
29. Vardakas KZ, Legakis NJ, Triarides N, Falagas ME. Susceptibility of contemporary isolates to fosfomycin: A systematic review of the literature. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2016; 47: 269-285.
30. Linsenmeyer K, Strymish J, Weir S, et al. Activity of fosfomycin against extended-spectrum-b-lactamase-producing uropathogens in patients in the community and hospitalized patients. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2015; 60: 1134-1136.
31. Docobo-Perez F, Drusano GL, Johnson A, et al. Pharmacodynamics of fosfomycin: Insights into clinical use for antimicrobial resistance. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2015; 59: 5602-5610.
32. Rosso-Fernandez C, Sojo-Dorado J, Barriga A, et al. Fosfomycin versus meropenem in bacteraemic urinary tract infections caused by extendedspectrum b-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (FOREST): Study protocol for an investigator-driven randomised controlled trial. BMJ open 2015; 5: E007363.
33. Nguyen HM, Shier KL, Graber CJ. Determining a clinical framework for use of cefepime and b-lactam/b-lactamase inhibitors in the treatment of infections caused by extended-spectrum-b-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae. J Antimicrob Chemother 2014; 69: 871-880.
34. Delgado-Valverde M, Torres E, Valiente-Mendez A, et al. Impact of the MIC of piperacillin/tazobactam on the outcome for patients with bacteraemia due to Enterobacteriaceae: The Bacteraemia-MIC project. J Antimicrob Chemother 2016; 71: 521-530.
35. Falagas ME, Lourida P, Poulikakos P, et al. Antibiotic treatment of infections due to carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae: Systematic evaluation of the available evidence. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2014; 58: 654-663.
36. Tumbarello M, Viale P, Viscoli C, et al. Predictors of mortality in bloodstream infections caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae: Importance of combination therapy. Clin Infect Dis 2012; 55: 943-950.
37. Qureshi ZA, Paterson DL, Potoski BA, et al. Treatment outcome of bacteremia due to KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae: Superiority of combination antimicrobial regimens. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2012; 56: 2108-2113.
38. Zarkotou O, Pournaras S, Tselioti P, et al. Predictors of mortality in patients with bloodstream infections caused by KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and impact of appropriate antimicrobial treatment. Clin Microbiol Infect 2011; 17: 1798-1803.
39. Tumbarello M, Trecarichi EM, De Rosa FG, et al. Infections caused by KPCproducing Klebsiella pneumoniae: Differences in therapy and mortality in a multicentre study. J Antimicrob Chemother 2015; 70: 2133-2143.
40. Daikos GL, Tsaousi S, Tzouvelekis LS, et al. Carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infections: Lowering mortality by antibiotic combination schemes and the role of carbapenems. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2014; 58: 2322-2328.
41. Tzouvelekis LS,Markogiannakis A, Piperaki E, et al. Treating infections caused by carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Clin Microbiol Infect 2014; 20: 862-872.
42. Gonzalez-Padilla M, Torre-Cisneros J, Rivera-Espinar F, et al. Gentamicin therapy for sepsis due to carbapenem-resistant and colistin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. J Antimicrob Chemother 2015; 70: 905-913.
43. Doi Y, Paterson DL. Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2015; 36: 74-84.
44. Tascini C, Tagliaferri E, Giani T, et al. Synergistic activity of colistin plus rifampin against colistin-resistant KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2013; 57: 3990-3993.
45. Lee GC, Burgess DS. Treatment of Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC) infections: A review of published case series and case reports. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2012; 11: 32.
46. de Oliveira MS, de Assis DB, Freire MP, et al. Treatment of KPC-producing Enterobacteriaceae: Suboptimal efficacy of polymyxins. Clin Microbiol Infect 2015; 21: 179.e1-179.e7.
47. Falcone M, Russo A, Iacovelli A, et al. Predictors of outcome in ICU patients with septic shock caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae. Clin Microbiol Infect 2016; 22: 444-450.
48. Huttner A, Harbarth S, Hope WW, et al. Therapeutic drug monitoring of the blactam antibiotics: What is the evidence and which patients should we be using it for? J Antimicrob Chemother 2015; 70: 3178-3183.
49. Pea F, Viale P, Cojutti P, Furlanut M. Dosing nomograms for attaining optimum concentrations ofmeropenem by continuous infusion in critically ill patients with severe gram-negative infections: A pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamicsbased approach. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2012; 56: 6343-6348.
50. Lee CS, Doi Y. Therapy of infections due to carbapenem-resistant gramnegative pathogens. Infect Chemother 2014; 46: 149-164.
51. Morrill HJ, Pogue JM, Kaye KS, LaPlante KL. Treatment options for carbapenem- resistant Enterobacteriaceae infections. Open Forum Infect Dis 2015; 2: Ofv050.
52. Daikos GL, Markogiannakis A. Carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae: (when) might we still consider treating with carbapenems? Clin Microbiol Infect 2011; 17: 1135-1141.
53. Perez F, El Chakhtoura NG, Papp-Wallace K, et al. Treatment options for infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae: Can we apply 'precision medicine' to antimicrobial chemotherapy? Exp Opin Pharmacother 2016; 17: 761-781.
54. Oliva A, Gizzi F, Mascellino MT, et al. Bactericidal and synergistic activity of double-carbapenem regimen for infections caused by carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae. Clin Microbiol Infect 2015; 22: 147-153.
55. Poirel L, Kieffer N, Nordmann P. In vitro evaluation of dual carbapenem combinations against carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae. J Antimicrob Chemother 2016; 71: 156-161.
56. Cprek JB, Gallagher JC. Ertapenem-containing double-carbapenem therapy for treatment of infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2015; 60: 669-673.
57. Bassetti M, McGovern PC, Wenisch C, et al. Clinical response and mortality in tigecycline complicated intra-abdominal infection and complicated skin and soft-tissue infection trials. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2015; 46: 346-350.
58. Poulakou G, Bassetti M, Righi E, Dimopoulos G. Current and future treatment options for infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens. Future Microbiol 2014; 9: 1053-1069.
59. Sader HS, Castanheira M, Flamm RK, et al. Tigecycline activity tested against carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae from 18 European nations: Results from the SENTRY surveillance program (2010-2013). Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2015; 83: 183-186.
60. De Rosa FG, Corcione S, Di Perri G, Scaglione F. Re-defining tigecycline therapy. New Microbiol 2015; 38: 121-136.
61. van Duin D, Cober ED, Richter SS, et al. Tigecycline therapy for carbapenemresistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) bacteriuria leads to tigecycline resistance. Clin Microbiol Infect 2014; 20: O1117-O1120.
62. Sbrana F, Malacarne P, Viaggi B, et al. Carbapenem-sparing antibiotic regimens for infections caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae in intensive care unit. Clin Infect Dis 2013; 56: 697-700.
63. Forrest GN, Tamura K. Rifampin combination therapy for nonmycobacterial infections. Clin Microbiol Rev 2010; 23: 14-34.
64. Rocco M, Montini L, Alessandri E, et al. Risk factors for acute kidney injury in critically ill patients receiving high intravenous doses of colistin methanesulfonate and/or other nephrotoxic antibiotics: A retrospective cohort study. Crit Care 2013; 17: R174.
65. Rizek C, Ferraz JR, van der Heijden IM, et al. In vitro activity of potential old and new drugs against multidrug-resistant gram-negatives. J Infect Chemother 2015; 21: 114-117.
66. Albiero J, Sy SK, Mazucheli J, et al. Pharmacodynamic evaluation of the potential clinical utility of fosfomycin and meropenem in combination therapy against KPC-2-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2016; 60: 4128-4139.
67. Pontikis K, Karaiskos I, Bastani S, et al. Outcomes of critically ill intensive care unit patients treated with fosfomycin for infections due to pandrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2014; 43: 52-59.
68. Parker S, Lipman J, Koulenti D, et al. What is the relevance of fosfomycin pharmacokinetics in the treatment of serious infections in critically ill patients? A systematic review. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2013; 42: 289-293.
69. Sastry S, Doi Y. Fosfomycin: Resurgence of an old companion. J Infect Chemother 2016; 22: 273-280.
70. Landersdorfer CB, Nation RL. Colistin: How should it be dosed for the critically ill? Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2015; 36: 126-135.
71. Ordooei Javan A, Shokouhi S, Sahraei Z. A review on colistin nephrotoxicity. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2015; 71: 801-810.
72. Lefebvre B, Levesque S, Bourgault AM, et al. Carbapenem nonsusceptible enterobacteriaceae in Quebec, Canada: Results of a laboratory surveillance program (2010-2012). PLoS One 2015; 10: E0125076.
73. Parisi SG, Bartolini A, Santacatterina E, et al. Prevalence of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains producing carbapenemases and increase of resistance to colistin in an Italian teaching hospital from January 2012 to December 2014. BMC Infect Dis 2015; 15: 244.
74. Bonura C, Giuffre M, Aleo A, et al. An update of the evolving epidemic of blaKPC carrying Klebsiella pneumoniae in Sicily, Italy, 2014: Emergence of multiple non-ST258 clones. PLoS One 2015; 10: E0132936.
75. Giacobbe DR, Del Bono V, Trecarichi EM, et al. Risk factors for bloodstream infections due to colistin-resistant KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae: Results from a multicenter case-control-control study. Clin Microbiol Infect 2015; 21: 1106.e1-1106.e8.
76. Wright MS, Suzuki Y, Jones MB, et al. Genomic and transcriptomic analyses of colistin-resistant clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae reveal multiple pathways of resistance. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2015; 59: 536-543.
77. Mohamed AF, Karaiskos I, Plachouras D, et al. Application of a loading dose of colistin methanesulfonate in critically ill patients: Population pharmacokinetics, protein binding, and prediction of bacterial kill. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2012; 56: 4241-4249.
78. Tuon FF, Santos TA, Almeida R, et al. Colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae bacteraemia: Real-life challenges and options. Clin Microbiol Infect 2015; 22: E.9-e.10.
79. Gaibani P, Lombardo D, Lewis RE, et al. In vitro activity and postantibiotic effects of colistin in combination with other antimicrobials against colistinresistant KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream isolates. J Antimicrob Chemother 2014; 69: 1856-1865.
80. Lee GC, Burgess DS. Polymyxins and doripenem combination against KPCproducing Klebsiella pneumoniae. J Clin Med Res 2013; 5: 97-100.
81. Liscio JL, Mahoney MV, Hirsch EB. Ceftolozane/tazobactam and ceftazidime/avibactam: Two novel b-lactam/b-lactamase inhibitor combination agents for the treatment of resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2015; 46: 266-271.
82. Wagenlehner FM, Umeh O, Steenbergen J, et al. Ceftolozane-tazobactam compared with levofloxacin in the treatment of complicated urinary-tract infections, including pyelonephritis: A randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial (ASPECT-cUTI). Lancet 2015; 385: 1949-1956.
83. Solomkin J, Hershberger E, Miller B, et al. Ceftolozane/tazobactam plus metronidazole for complicated intra-abdominal infections in an era of multidrug resistance: Results from a randomized, double-blind, phase 3 trial (ASPECT-cIAI). Clin Infect Dis 2015; 60: 1462-1471.
84. Xiao AJ, Miller BW, Huntington JA, Nicolau DP. Ceftolozane/tazobactam pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic-derived dose justification for phase 3 studies in patients with nosocomial pneumonia. J Clin Pharmacol 2016; 56: 56-66.
85. Lucasti C, Popescu I, Ramesh MK, et al. Comparative study of the efficacy and safety of ceftazidime/avibactam plus metronidazole versus meropenem in the treatment of complicated intra-abdominal infections in hospitalized adults: Results of a randomized, double-blind, phase II trial. J Antimicrob Chemother 2013; 68: 1183-1192.
86. Pelat C, Kardas-Sloma L, Birgand G, et al. Hand hygiene, cohorting, or antibiotic restriction to control outbreaks of multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2016; 37: 272-280.
87. De Rosa FG, Corcione S, Cavallo R, et al. Critical issues for Klebsiella pneumoniae KPC-carbapenemase producing K. pneumoniae infections: A critical agenda. Future Microbiol 2015; 10: 283-294.
88. Hayden MK, LinMY, Lolans K, et al. Prevention of colonization and infection by Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae in long-term acute-care hospitals. Clin Infect Dis 2015; 60: 1153-1161.
89. Viale P, Tumietto F, Giannella M, et al. Impact of a hospital-wide multifaceted programme for reducing carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae infections in a large teaching hospital in northern Italy. Clin Microbiol Infect 2015; 21: 242-247.
90. Bar-Yoseph H, Hussein K, Braun E, Paul M. Natural history and decolonization strategies for ESBL/carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae carriage: Systematic review and meta-analysis. J Antimicrob Chemother 2016. [Epub ahead of print]