Material flow analysis and waste management

Taking Stock of Industrial Ecology

Volumn , Issue , 2015, Pages 247-262

  Moriguchi, Yuichi ^a   Hashimoto, Seiji ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TOKYO   (Japan)

^b RITSUMEIKAN UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

Author keywords

Circular economy; Input output analysis; Material flow accounting; Material flow analysis; MFA; Socio economic metabolism; Statistics; Waste management and recycling

Indexed keywords

EID: 84978350244     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-20571-7_12     Document Type: Chapter

References (126)

1. Alavi, N., Shirmardi, M., Babaei, A., Takdastan, A., & Bagheri, N. (2015). Waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) estimation: A case study of Ahvaz City, Iran. Journal of the Air and Waste Management Association, 65 (3), 298-305.
2. Andarani, P., & Goto, N. (2014). Potential e-waste generated from households in Indonesia using material flow analysis. Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management, 16 (2), 306-320.
3. Aoki-Suziki, C., Bengtsson, M., & Hotta, Y. (2012). Policy application of economy-wide material flow accounting - International comparison and suggestions for capacity development in industrializing countries. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 16 (4), 467-480.
4. Araújo, M. G., Magrini, A., Mahler, C. F., & Bilitewski, B. (2012). A model for estimation of potential generation of waste electrical and electronic equipment in Brazil. Waste Management, 32 (2), 335-342.
5. Ayres, R., & Ayres, L. (1998). Accounting for resources 1 (245 pp). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
6. Ayres, R., & Ayres, L. (1999). Accounting for resources 2 (371 pp). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
7. Ayres, R., & Ayres, L. (Eds.). (2002). A handbook of industrial ecology (680 pp). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
8. Ayres, R., & Kneese, A. (1969). Production, consumption and externalities. American Economic Review, 59 (3), 282-297.
9. Bailey, R., Bras, B., & Allen, J. K. (2008). Measuring material cycling in industrial systems. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 52 (4), 643-652.
10. Bergsdal, H., Bohne, R. A., & Brattebo, H. (2007). Projection of construction and demolition waste in Norway. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 11 (3), 27-39.
11. Bogucka, R., Kosinska, I., & Brunner, P. H. (2008). Setting priorities in plastic waste management - Lessons learned from material flow analysis in Austria and Poland. Polimery, 53 (1), 55-59.
12. Breivik, K., Armitage, J. M., Wania, F., & Jones, K. C. (2014). Tracking the global generation and exports of e-waste. Do existing estimates add up? Environmental Science and Technology, 48 (15), 8735-8743.
13. Bringezu, S., & Moriguchi, Y. (2002). Material flow analysis. In Ayres, R. & Ayres, L. (Eds.), A handbook of industrial ecology (pp. 79-90), Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
14. Bringezu, S., Schqtz, H., Steger, S., & Baudisch, J. (2004). International comparison of resource use and its relation to economic growth - The development of total material requirement, direct material inputs and hidden flows and the structure of TMR. Ecological Economics, 51 (1-2), 97-124.
15. Chancerel, P., Meskers, C. E. M., Hageluken, C., & Rotter, V. S. (2009). Assessment of precious metal flows during preprocessing of waste electrical and electronic equipment. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 13 (5), 791-810.
16. Chang, T. C., You, S. J., Yu, B. S., & Yao, K. F. (2009). A material flow of lithium batteries in Taiwan. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 163, 910-915.
17. Cheah, L., Heywood, J., & Kirchain, R. (2009). Aluminum stock and flows in U.S. passenger vehicles and implications for energy use. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 13 (5), 718-734.
18. Chen, W.-Q., & Graedel, T. E. (2012). Anthropogenic cycles of the elements: A critical review. Environmental Science and Technology, 46 (16), 8574-8586.
19. Chung, S. S. (2012). Projection of waste quantities: The case of e-waste of the People’s Republic of China. Waste Management and Research, 30 (11), 1130-1137.
20. Chung, S. S., Lau, K. Y., & Zhang, C. (2011). Generation of, and control measures for, e-waste in Hong Kong. Waste Management, 31 (3), 544-554.
21. Cordell, D., Rosemarin, A., Schroder, J.-J., & Smit, A. L. (2011). Towards global phosphorus security: A systematic framework for phosphorus recovery and reuse options. Chemosphere, 84, 747-758.
22. Daniels, P. (2002). Approaches for quantifying the metabolism of physical economies - Part II review of individual approaches. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 6 (1), 65-88.
23. Daniels, P., & Moore, S. (2001). Approaches for quantifying the metabolism of physical economies - Part I methodological overview. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 5 (4), 69-93.
24. Deschenes, P. J., & Chertow, M. (2004). An island approach to industrial ecology: Towards sustainability in the island context. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 47 (2), 201-217.
25. Dietzenbacher, E. (2005). Waste treatment in physical input-output analysis. Ecological Economics, 55, 11-23.
26. Dwivedy, M., & Mittal, R. K. (2010a). Estimation of future outflows of e-waste in India. Waste Management, 30 (3), 483-491.
27. Dwivedy, M., & Mittal, R. K. (2010b). Future trends in computer waste generation in India. Waste Management, 30 (11), 2265-2277.
28. Eckelman, M. J., & Chertow, M. R. (2009). Using material flow analysis to illuminate long-term waste management solutions in Oahu, Hawaii. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 13 (5), 758-774.
29. Eckelman, M., & Daigo, I. (2008). Markov chain modeling of the technological lifetime of copper. Ecological Economics, 67 (2), 265-273.
30. Eckelman, M. J., Reck, B. K., & Graedel, T. E. (2012). Exploring the global journey of nickel with Markov chain models. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 16 (3), 334-342.
31. Eckelman, M. J., Ashton, W., Arakaki, Y., Hanaki, K., Nagashima, S., & Malone-Lee, L. C. (2014). Island waste management systems - Statistics, challenges, and opportunities for applied industrial ecology. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 18 (2), 306-317.
32. Eurostat. (2001). Economy-wide material flow accounts and derived indicators - A methodological guide. Luxembourg: European Communities.
33. Fisher-Kowalski, M., Krausmann, F., Giljum, S., Lutter, S., Mayer, A., Bringezu, S., Moriguchi, Y., Schütz, H., Schandl, H., & Weisz, H. (2011). Methodology and indicators of economy-wide material flow accounting. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 15 (6), 855-876.
34. Fuse, M., Nakajima, K., & Yagita, H. (2009). Global flow of metal resources in the used automobile trade. Materials Transactions, 50 (4), 703-710.
35. Gerst, M. D., & Graedel, T. E. (2008). In-use stocks of metals - Status and implications. Environmental Science and Technology, 42 (19), 7038-7045.
36. Graedel, T. E., Allwood, J., Birat, J.-P., Buchert, M., Hagelueken, C., Reck, B. K., Sibley, S. F., & Sonnemann, G. (2011). What do we know about metal recycling rates? Journal of Industrial Ecology, 15 (3), 355-366.
37. Gutiérrez, E., Adenso-Díaz, B., Lozano, S., & González-Torre, P. (2010). A competing risks approach for time estimation of household WEEE disposal. Waste Management, 30, 1643-1652.
38. Habuer, Nakatani, J., & Moriguchi, Y. (2014). Time-series product and substance flow analyses of end-of-life electrical and electronic equipment in China. Waste Management, 34 (02), 489-497.
39. Hashimoto, S. (2009). A Junkan-Gata Society - Concept and progress in material flow analysis in Japan. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 13 (5), 655-657.
40. Hashimoto, S., & Moriguchi, Y. (2004). Proposal of six indicators of material cycles for describing society’s metabolism: From the viewpoint of material flow analysis. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 40 (3), 185-200.
41. Hashimoto, S., Tanikawa, H., & Moriguchi, Y. (2007). Where will the large amounts of materials accumulated within the economy go? - A material flow analysis of construction minerals for Japan. Waste Management, 27 (12), 1725-1738.
42. Hashimoto, S., Daigo, I., Murakami, S., Matsubae-Yokoyama, K., Fuse, M., Nakajima, K., Oguchi, M., Tanikawa, H., Tasaki, T., Yamasue, E., & Umezawa, O. (2008). Framework of material stock accounts - Toward assessment of material accumulation in the economic sphere. In Proceedings of the eighth international conference on ecobalance, C-08, Tokyo.
43. Hashimoto, S., Tanikawa, H., & Moriguchi, Y. (2009). Framework for estimating potential wastes and secondary resources accumulated within an economy - A case study of construction minerals in Japan. Waste Management, 29 (11), 2859-2866.
44. Hashimoto, S., Daigo, I., Eckelman, M., & Reck, B. (2010). Measuring the status of stainless steel use in the Japanese socio-economic system. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 54 (10), 737-743.
45. Hatayama, H., Daigo, I., Matsuno, Y., & Adachi, Y. (2012). Evolution of aluminum recycling initiated by the introduction of next-generation vehicles and scrap sorting technology. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 66, 8-14.
46. Hsiao, T. Y., Huang, Y. T., Yu, Y. H., & Wernick, I. K. (2002). Modeling materials flow of waste concrete from construction and demolition wastes in Taiwan. Resources Policy, 28 (1-2), 39-47.
47. Hsu, F.-C., Elvidge, C. D., & Matsuno, Y. (2013). Exploring and estimating in-use steel stocks in civil engineering and buildings from night-time lights. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 34 (2), 490-504.
48. Hu, D., You, F., Zhao, Y., Yuan, Y., Liu, T., Cao, A., Wang, Z., & Zhang, J. (2010a). Input, stocks and output flows of urban residential building system in Beijing city, China from 1949 to 2008. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 54 (12), 1177-1188.
49. Hu, M., van der Voet, E., & Huppes, G. (2010b). Dynamic material flow analysis for strategic construction and demolition waste management in Beijing. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 14 (3), 440-456.
50. Huang, T., Shi, F., Tanikawa, H., Fei, J., & Han, J. (2013). Materials demand and environmental impact of buildings construction and demolition in China based on dynamic material flow analysis. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 72, 91-101.
51. Jacob, P., Kashyap, P., Suparat, T., & Visvanathan, C. (2014). Dealing with emerging waste streams - Used tyre assessment in Thailand using material flow analysis. Waste Management and Research, 32, 918-926.
52. Joosten, L. A. J., Hekkert, M. P., Worrell, E., & Turkenburg, W. C. (2000). Assessment of the plastic flows in The Netherlands using STREAMS. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 30, 135-161.
53. Kahhat, R., & Williams, E. (2009). Product or waste? Importation and end-of-life processing of computers in Peru. Environmental Science and Technology, 43 (15), 6010-6016.
54. Kahhat, R., & Williams, E. (2012). Materials flow analysis of e-waste - Domestic flows and exports of used computers from the United States. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 67, 67-74.
55. Kalmykova, Y., Harder, R., Borgestedt, H., & Svanang, I. (2012). Pathways and management of phosphorus in urban areas. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 16 (6), 928-939.
56. Kang, H. Y., & Schoenung, J. M. (2006). Estimation of future outflows and infrastructure needed to recycle personal computer systems in California. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 137 (2), 1165-1174.
57. Kim, S., Oguchi, M., Yoshida, A., & Terazono, A. (2013). Estimating the amount of WEEE generated in South Korea by using the population balance model. Waste Management, 33 (2), 474-483.
58. Kleijn, R., Huele, R., & van der Voet, E. (2000). Dynamic substance flow analysis - The delaying mechanism of stocks, with the case of PVC in Sweden. Ecological Economics, 32 (2), 241-254.
59. Kovanda, J., Weinzettel, J., & Hák, T. (2010). Material flow indicators in the Czech Republic in light of the accession to the European Union. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 14 (4), 650-665.
60. Kuczenski, B., & Geyer, R. (2010). Material flow analysis of polyethylene terephthalate in the US, 1996-2007. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 54 (12), 1161-1169.
61. Lam, C. W., Lim, S.-R., & Schoenung, J. M. (2013). Linking material flow analysis with environmental impact potential - Dynamic technology transition effects on projected e-waste in the United States. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 17 (2), 299-309.
62. Lau, W. K.-Y., Chung, S.-S., & Zhang, C. (2013). A material flow analysis on current electrical and electronic waste disposal from Hong Kong households. Waste Management, 33 (3), 714-721.
63. Lederer, J., & Rechberger, H. (2010). Comparative goal-oriented assessment of conventional and alternative sewage sludge treatment options. Waste Management, 30, 1043-1056.
64. Lee, J. C., Song, H. T., & Yoo, J. M. (2007). Present status of the recycling of waste electrical and electronic equipment in Korea. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 50, 380-397.
65. Leigh, N. G., Realff, M. J., Ai, N., French, S. P., Ross, C. L., & Bras, B. (2007). Modeling obsolete computer stock under regional data constraints: An Atlanta case study. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 51 (4), 847-869.
66. Lenzen, M., & Reynolds, C. (2010). A supply-use approach to waste input-output analysis. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 18 (2), 212-226.
67. Li, B., Yang, J., Lu, B., & Song, X. (2015). Estimation of retired mobile phones generation in China: A comparative study on methodology. Waste Management, 35, 247-254.
68. Liang, S., & Zhang, T. (2011). Data acquisition for applying physical input-output tables in Chinese cities. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 15 (6), 825-835.
69. Liu, X., Tanaka, M., & Matsui, Y. (2006). Generation amount prediction and material flow analysis of electronic waste: A case study in Beijing, China. Waste Management and Research, 24 (5), 434-445.
70. Lyons, D. (2007). A spatial analysis of loop closing among recycling, remanufacturing, and waste treatment firms in Texas. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 11 (1), 43-54.
71. Mathieux, F., & Brissaud, D. (2010). End-of-life product-specific material flow analysis -Application to aluminum coming from end-of-life commercial vehicles in Europe. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 55 (2), 92-105.
72. Matsubae-Yokoyama, K., Kubo, H., Nakajima, K., & Nagasaka, T. (2009). A material flow analysis of phosphorus in Japan. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 13 (5), 687-705.
73. Matsuno, Y., Daigo, I., & Adachi, Y. (2007). Application of Markov chain model to calculate the average number of times of use of a material in society. International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 12 (1), 34-39.
74. McKelvey, V. E. (1972). Mineral resource estimates and public policy. American Scientist, 60 (1), 32-40.
75. Modaresi, R., & Muller, D. B. (2012). The role of automobiles for the future of aluminum recycling. Environmental Science and Technology, 46 (16), 8587-8594.
76. Moriguchi, Y. (2007). Material flow indicators to measure progress toward a sound material-cycle society. Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management, 9 (2), 112-120.
77. Müller, D. B. (2006). Stock dynamics for forecasting material flows - Case study for housing in The Netherlands. Ecological Economics, 59 (1), 142-156.
78. Muñoz, P., Giljum, S., & Roca, J. (2009). The raw material equivalents of international trade -Empirical evidence for Latin America. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 13 (6), 881-897.
79. Mutha, N. H., Patel, M., & Premnath, V. (2006). Plastics materials flow analysis for India. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 47, 222-244.
80. Nakajima, K., Takeda, O., Miki, T., Matsubae, K., & Nagasaka, T. (2011). Thermodynamic analysis for the controllability of elements in the recycling process of metals. Environmental Science and Technology, 45 (11), 4929-4936.
81. Nakajima, K., Ohno, H., Kondo, Y., Matsubae, K., Takeda, O., Miki, T., Nakamura, S., & Nagasaka, T. (2013). Simultaneous material flow analysis of nickel, chromium, and molybdenum used in alloy steel by means of input-output analysis. Environmental Science and Technology, 47 (9), 4653-4660.
82. Nakamura, S., & Kondo, Y. (2002). Input-output analysis of waste management. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 6 (1), 39-63.
83. Nakamura, S., Nakajima, K., Kondo, Y., & Nagasaka, T. (2007). The waste input-output approach to materials flow analysis - Concepts and application to base metals. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 11 (4), 50-63.
84. Nakamura, S., Murakami, S., Nakajima, K., & Nagasaka, T. (2008). Hybrid input-output approach to metal production and its application to the introduction of lead-free solders. Environmental Science and Technology, 42 (10), 3843-3848.
85. Nakamura, S., Nakajima, K., Yoshizawa, Y., Matsubae-Yokoyama, K., & Nagasaka, T. (2009). Analyzing polyvinyl chloride in Japan with the waste input-output material flow analysis model. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 13 (5), 706-717.
86. Nakamura, S., Kondo, Y., Matsubae, K., Nakajima, K., Tasaki, T., & Nagasaka, T. (2012). Quality and dilution losses in the recycling of ferrous materials from end-of-life passenger cars - Inputoutput analysis under explicit consideration of scrap quality. Environmental Science and Technology, 46 (17), 9266-9273.
87. Nnorom, I. C., & Osibanjo, O. (2008). Electronic waste (e-waste) - Material flows and management practices in Nigeria. Waste Management, 28 (8), 1472-1479.
88. OECD. (2005). OECD environmental data compendium 2004. OECD, Paris.
89. OECD. (2008). Measuring material flows and resource productivity, Volume I The OECD Guide, Volume II The Accounting Framework, Volume III Inventory of Country Activities. OECD, Paris.
90. Oguchi, M., Kameya, T., Yagi, S., & Urano, K. (2008). Product flow analysis of various consumer durables in Japan. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 52 (3), 463-480.
91. Ohno, H., Matsubae, K., Nakajima, K., Nakamura, S., & Nagasaka, T. (2014). Unintentional flow of alloying elements in steel during recycling of end-of-life vehicles. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 18 (2), 242-253.
92. Osibanjo, O., & Nnorom, I. C. (2008). Material flows of mobile phones and accessories in Nigeria - Environmental implications and sound end-of-life management options. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 28 (2-3), 198-213.
93. Patel, M. K., Jochem, E., Radgen, P., & Worrell, E. (1998). Plastics streams in Germany - An analysis of production, consumption and waste generation. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 24, 191-215.
94. Pedersen, G., & de Haan, M. (2006). The system of environmental and economic accounts-2003 and the economic relevance of physical flow accounting. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 10 (1-2), 19-42.
95. Polak, M., & Drapalova, L. (2012). Estimation of end of life mobile phones generation - The case study of the Czech Republic. Waste Management, 32 (8), 1583-1591.
96. Rahmani, M., Nabizadeh, R., Yaghmaeian, K., Mahvi, A. H., & Yunesian, M. (2014). Estimation of waste from computers and mobile phones in Iran. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 87, 21-29.
97. Richa, K., Babbitt, C. W., Gaustad, G., & Wang, X. (2014). A future perspective on lithium-ion battery waste flows from electric vehicles. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 83, 63-76.
98. Rochat, D., Binder, C. R., Diaz, J., & Jolliet, O. (2013). Combining material flow analysis, life cycle assessment, and multiattribute utility theory - Assessment of end-of-life scenarios for polyethylene terephthalate in Tunja, Colombia. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 17 (5), 642-655.
99. Sarkar, S., Chamberlain, J. F., & Miller, S. A. (2011). A comparison of two methods to conduct material flow analysis on waste tires in a small island developing state. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 15 (2), 300-314.
100. Schor, K., Wood, R., Arto, I., & Weinzettel, J. (2013). Estimating raw material equivalents on a macro-level - Comparison of multi-regional input-output analysis and hybrid LCI-IO. Environmental Science and Technology, 47 (24), 14282-14289.
101. Schumacher, K. A., Schumacher, T., & Agbemabiese, L. (2014). Quantification and probabilistic modeling of CRT obsolescence for the State of Delaware. Waste Management, 34 (11), 2321-2326.
102. Shi, H., Moriguichi, Y., & Yang, J. (2002). Industrial ecology in China, part I: Research. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 6 (3-4), 7-11.
103. Shi, F., Huang, T., Tanikawa, H., Han, J., Hashimoto, S., & Moriguchi, Y. (2012). Toward a low carbon-dematerialization society - Measuring the materials demand and CO2 emissions of building and transport infrastructure construction in China. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 16 (4), 493-505.
104. Steubing, B., Boeni, H., Schluep, M., Silva, U., & Ludwig, C. (2010). Assessing computer waste generation in Chile using material flow analysis. Waste Management, 30 (3), 473-482.
105. Streicher-Porte, M., Marthaler, C., Boni, H., Schluep, M., Camacho, A., & Hilty, L. M. (2009). One laptop per child, local refurbishment or overseas donations? Sustainability assessment of computer supply scenarios for schools in Colombia. Journal of Environmental Management, 90, 3498-3511.
106. Takahashi, K. I., Terakado, R., Nakamura, J., Daigo, I., Matsuno, Y., & Adachi, Y. (2009). In-use stock of copper analysis using satellite night-time light observation data. Materials Transactions, 50 (7), 1871-1874.
107. Takiguchi, H., & Takemoto, K. (2008). Japanese 3R policies based on material flow analysis. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 12 (5), 792-798.
108. Tanikawa, H., Managi, S., & Lwin, C. M. (2014). Estimates of lost material stock of buildings and roads due to the great east Japan earthquake and tsunami. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 18 (3), 421-431.
109. Tukker, A., Kleijn, R., van Oers, L., & Smeets, E. (1997). Combining SFA and LCA - The Swedish PVC analysis. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 1 (4), 93-116.
110. Van der Voet, E., van Oers, L., & Nikolic, I. (2005). Dematerialization - Not just a matter of weight. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 8 (4), 121-137.
111. Vujic, G. V., Jovicic, N. M., Babic, M. J., Stanisavljevic, N. S., Batinic, B. J., & Pavlovic, A. R. (2010). Assessment of plastic flows and stocks in Serbia using material flow analysis. Thermal Science, 14 (Suppl), S89-S95.
112. Walk, W. (2009). Forecasting quantities of disused household CRT appliances - A regional case study approach and its application to Baden-Wurttemberg. Waste Management, 29 (2), 945-951.
113. Wang, F., Huisman, J., Stevels, A., & Balde, C. P. (2013). Enhancing e-waste estimates: Improving data quality by multivariate input-output analysis. Waste Management, 33 (11), 2397-2407.
114. Weisz, H., & Duchin, H. (2006). Physical and monetary input-output analysis: What makes the difference? Ecological Economics, 57, 534-541.
115. Weisz, H., Krausmann, F., Amann, C., Eisenmenger, N., Erb, K.-H., Hubacek, K., & Fischer-Kowalski, M. (2006). The physical economy of the European Union: Cross-country comparison and determinants of material consumption. Ecological Economics, 58 (4), 676-698.
116. Wen, Z., & Li, R. (2010). Materials metabolism analysis of China’s highway traffic system (HTS) for promoting circular economy. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 14 (4), 641-649.
117. Yamasue, E., Nakajima, K., Daigo, I., Hashimoto, S., Okumura, H., & Ishihara, K. N. (2007). Evaluation of the potential amounts of dissipated rare metals from WEEE in Japan. Materials Transaction, 48 (9), 2353-2357.
118. Yang, J., Lu, B., & Xu, C. (2008). WEEE flow and mitigating measures in China. Waste Management, 28, 1589-1597.
119. Yang, N., Chen, D., Hu, S., Li, Y., & Jin, Y. (2010). Evaluation of the tire industry of China based on physical input-output analysis. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 14 (3), 457-466.
120. Yano, J., Hirai, Y., Okamoto, K., & Sakai, S. (2014). Dynamic flow analysis of current and future end-of-life vehicles generation and lead content in automobile shredder residue. Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management, 16, 52-61.
121. Yoshida, A., & Terazono, A. (2010). Reuse of secondhand TVs exported from Japan to the Philippines. Waste Management, 30 (6), 1063-1072.
122. Yoshida, A., Tasaki, T., & Terazono, A. (2009). Material flow analysis of used personal computers in Japan. Waste Management, 29 (5), 1602-1614.
123. Yu, J., Williams, E., Ju, M., & Yang, Y. (2010). Forecasting global generation of obsolete personal computers. Environmental Science and Technology, 44 (9), 3232-3237.
124. Yuan, Z., Bi, J., & Moriguchi, Y. (2006). The circular economy - A new development strategy in China. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 10 (1-2), 4-8.
125. Zhang, L., Yuan, Z., Bi, J., & Huang, L. (2012). Estimating future generation of obsolete household appliances in China. Waste Management and Research, 30 (11), 1160-1168.
126. Zhou, Y., Yang, N., & Hu, S. (2013). Industrial metabolism of PVC in China: A dynamic material flow analysis. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 73, 33-40.