Automotive Cyber-Physical Systems: A Tutorial Introduction

IEEE Design and Test

Volumn 33, Issue 4, 2016, Pages 92-108

  Chakraborty, Samarjit ^a   Al Faruque, Mohammad Abdullah ^b   Chang, Wanli ^a   Goswami, Dip ^c   Wolf, Marilyn ^d   Zhu, Qi ^e  

^a TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF MUNICH   (Germany)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^c EINDHOVEN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Netherlands)

^d GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

^e UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

SEMANTICS;

AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS; CONTROL MODEL; CYBER PHYSICAL SYSTEMS (CPSS); DESIGN APPROACHES; SEMANTIC GAP;

EMBEDDED SYSTEMS;

EID: 84976497403     PISSN: 21682356     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/MDAT.2016.2573598     Document Type: Article

References (60)

1. R. Charette, "This car runs on code," IEEE Spectrum, vol. 46 no. 3, p. 3, 2009.
2. Bosch, CAN Specification, 1991. Version 2.0.
3. Flexray Consortium, The FlexRay Communications System Specifications, 2005. Version 2.1.
4. LIN Consortium, LIN Specification Package, 2010. Revision 2.2A.
5. H. Kopetz, "The rationale for time-triggered Ethernet," in RTSS, 2008.
6. M. Lukasiewycz et al., "Cyber-physical systems design for electric vehicles," in DSD, 2012.
7. D. Goswami et al., "Challenges in automotive cyberphysical systems design," in SAMOS, 2012.
8. D. Goswami, R. Schneider, S. Chakraborty, "Co-design of cyber-physical systems via controllers with flexible delay constraints," in ASP-DAC, 2011.
9. R. Schneider, D. Goswami, S. Zafar, M. Lukasiewycz, S. Chakraborty, "Constraint-driven synthesis and tool-support for FlexRay-based automotive control systems," in CODES+ISSS, 2011.
10. F. Zhang, K. Szwaykowska, W. Wolf, V. J. Mooney III, "Task scheduling for control oriented requirements for cyber-physical systems," in RTSS, 2008.
11. P. Mundhenk, S. Steinhorst, M. Lukasiewycz, S. Fahmy, S. Chakraborty, "Lightweight authentication for secure automotive networks," in DATE, 2015.
12. P. Mundhenk, S. Steinhorst, M. Lukasiewycz, S. A. Fahmy, S. Chakraborty, "Security analysis of automotive architectures using probabilistic model checking," in DAC, 2015.
13. K. Astrom and R. Murray, "Feedback Systems: An Introduction for Scientists and Engineers," Princeton, NJ, USA: Princeton Univ. Press, 2009.
14. J. Ackermann and V. Utkin, "Sliding mode control design based on Ackermann's formula," IEEE Trans. Autom. Control, vol. 43, no. 2, pp. 234-237, 1998.
15. OSEK/VDX Consortium, OSEK/VDX Operating System Specification, 2005. Version 2.2.3.
16. P. Feiler, "Real-Time application development with OSEK: A review of the OSEK standards," Tech. Rep. Carnegie Mellon Univ., 2003.
17. D. Goswami, A. Masrur, R. Schneider, C. J. Xue, S. Chakraborty, "Multirate controller design for resource-and schedule-constrained automotive ECUs," in DATE, 2013.
18. R. Schneider, D. Goswami, A. Masrur, M. Becker, S. Chakraborty, "Multi-layered scheduling of mixed-criticality cyber-physical systems," J. Syst. Architect., Embedded Syst. Design, vol.D, pp. 1215-1230, 2013.
19. R. Wilhelm et al., "The worst-case execution-time problem-Overview of methods and survey of tools," ACM Trans. Embedded Comput. Syst., vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 36:1-53, 2008.
20. R. Wilhelm et al., "Memory hierarchies, pipelines, buses for future architectures in time-critical embedded systems," IEEE Trans. Comput.-Aided Design Integr. Circuits Syst., vol. 28, no. 7, pp. 966-978, 2009.
21. S. Andalam, A. Girault, R. Sinha, P. Roop, J. Reineke, "Precise timing analysis for direct-mapped caches," in DAC, 2013.
22. D. Roy, L. Zhang, W. Chang, D. Goswami, S. Chakraborty, "Multi-objective co-optimization of FlexRay-based distributed control systems," in RTAS, 2016.
23. D. Goswami, R. Schneider, S. Chakraborty, "Re-engineering cyber-physical control applications for hybrid communication protocols," in DATE, 2011.
24. A. Masrur et al., "Timing analysis of cyber-physical applications for hybrid communication protocols," in DATE, 2012.
25. H. Voit, A. Annaswamy, R. Schneider, D. Goswami, S. Chakraborty, "Adaptive switching controllers for systems with hybrid communication protocols," in ACC, 2012.
26. H. Lin and P. Antsaklis, "Stability and stabilizability of switched linear systems: A survey of recent results," IEEE Trans. Autom. Control, vol. 54, no. 2, pp. 308-322, 2009.
27. D. Goswami, R. Schneider, S. Chakraborty, "Relaxing signal delay constraints in distributed embedded controllers," IEEE Trans. Control Syst. Technol., vol. 22, no. 6, pp. 2337-2345, 2014.
28. P. Kumar et al., "A hybrid approach to cyber-physical systems verification," in DAC, 2012.
29. D. Doerffel and S. Sharkh, "A critical review of using the peukert equation for determining the remaining capacity of lead-acid and lithium-ion batteries," J. Power Sources, vol. 165, no. 2, pp. 395-400, 2006.
30. T. Kim and W. Qiao, "A hybrid battery model capable of capturing dynamic circuit characteristics and nonlinear capacity effects," IEEE Trans. Energy Conv., vol. 26, no. 4, pp. 1172-1180, 2011.
31. W. Chang, A. Proebstl, D. Goswami, M. Zamani, S. Chakraborty, "Battery-and aging-aware embedded control systems for electric vehicles," in RTSS, 2014.
32. D. Rakhmatov and S. Vrudhula, "An analytical high-level battery model for use in energy management of portable electronic systems," in ICCAD, 2001.
33. A. Kumar, D. Sharma, K. Deb, "A hybrid multi-objective optimization procedure using PCX based NSGA-II and sequential quadratic programming," in CEC, 2007.
34. D. Lorenz, M. Barke, U. Schlichtmann, "Aging analysis at gate and macro cell level," in ICCAD, 2010.
35. A. Masrur et al., "Schedulability analysis for processors with aging-aware autonomic frequency scaling," in RTCSA, 2012.
36. W. Chang, A. Proebstl, D. Goswami, M. Zamani, S. Chakraborty, "Reliable CPS design for mitigating semiconductor and battery aging in electric vehicles," in CPSNA, 2015.
37. K. K. Vatanparvar and M. Al Faruque, "OTEM: Optimized thermal and energy management for hybrid electrical energy storage in electric vehicles," in DATE, 2016.
38. D. Shin, M. Poncino, E. Macii, "Thermal management of batteries using a hybrid supercapacitor architecture," in DATE, 2014.
39. D. Shin et al., "Battery-supercapacitor hybrid system for high-rate pulsed load applications," in DATE, 2011.
40. K. Vatanparvar and M. Al Faruque, "Eco-friendly automotive climate control and navigation system for electric vehicles," in ICCPS, 2016.
41. S. Park, Y. Kim, N. Chang, "Hybrid energy storage systems and battery management for electric vehicles," in DAC, 2013.
42. K. Vatanparvar, J. Wan, M. Al Faruque, "Battery-aware energy-optimal electric vehicle driving management," in ISLPED, 2015.
43. W. Chang, M. Lukasiewycz, S. Steinhorst, S. Chakraborty, "Dimensioning and configuration of EES systems for electric vehicles with boundary-conditioned adaptive scalarization," in CODES+ISSS, 2013.
44. K. Vatanparvar and M. Al Faruque, "Battery lifetime-aware automotive climate control for electric vehicles," in DAC, 2015.
45. M. Al Faruque and K. Vatanparvar, "HVAC system and automotive climate control influence on electric vehicle and battery," in ASPDAC, 2016.
46. K. Koscher et al., "Experimental security analysis of a modern automobile," in EEE Symp. Security Privacy, 2010.
47. S. Checkoway et al., "Comprehensive experimental analyses of automotive attack surfaces," in USENIX Security Symp., 2011.
48. M. Wolf, A. Weimerskirch, C. Paar, "Security in automotive bus systems," in Workshop Embedded Security Cars, 2004.
49. T. Hoppe, S. Kiltz, J. Dittmann, "Security threats to automotive CAN networks | practical examples and selected short-term countermeasures," in SAFECOMP, 2008.
50. D. Nilsson, U. Larson, E. Jonsson, "Efficient in-vehicle delayed data authentication based on compound message authentication codes," in VTC, 2008.
51. A. Herrewege, D. Singelee, I. Verbauwhede, "CANAuth|A simple, backward compatible broadcast authentication protocol for CAN bus," in Workshop Embedded Security Cars, 2011.
52. B. Groza, P. Murvay, A. Herrewege, I. Verbauwhede, "LiBrA-CAN: A lightweight broadcast authentication protocol for controller area networks," in CANS, 2012.
53. C. Szilagyi and P. Koopman, "Flexible multicast authentication for time-triggered embedded control network applications," in DSN, 2009.
54. C. Szilagyi and P. Koopman, "Low cost multicast authentication via validity voting in time-triggered embedded control networks," in WESS, 2010.
55. A. Wasicek, C. El-Salloum, H. Kopetz, "Authentication in time-triggered systems using time-delayed release of keys," in ISORC, 2011.
56. C. Szilagyi, "Low cost multicast network authentication for embedded control systems," PhD dissertation, Carnegie Mellon Univ., 2012.
57. C. Lin, Q. Zhu, C. Phung, A. Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, "Security-aware mapping for CAN-based real-time distributed automotive systems," in ICCAD, 2013.
58. C. Lin, Q. Zhu, A. Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, "Security-aware mapping for TDMA-based real-time distributed systems," in ICCAD, 2014.
59. C. Lin, B. Zheng, Q. Zhu, A. Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, "Security-aware design methodology and optimization for automotive systems," ACM Trans. Design Autom. Electron. Syst., vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 18:1-18:26, 2015.
60. B. Zheng, P. Deng, R. Anguluri, Q. Zhu, F. Pasqualetti, "Cross-layer codesign for secure cyber-physical systems," IEEE Trans. Comput.-Aided Design Integr. Circuits Syst., 2016.