Estrogen turns down "the AIRE"

Journal of Clinical Investigation

Volumn 126, Issue 4, 2016, Pages 1239-1241

  Bakhru, Pearl ^a   Su, Maureen A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AUTOIMMUNE REGULATOR PROTEIN; ESTROGEN; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR;

AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE; DOWN REGULATION; GENE CONTROL; GENE EXPRESSION; HUMAN; INCIDENCE; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROMOTER REGION; REVIEW; ANIMAL; BIOSYNTHESIS; FEMALE; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION; MALE; METABOLISM; SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT;

ANIMALS; AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES; ESTROGENS; FEMALE; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION; HUMANS; MALE; SEX CHARACTERISTICS; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS;

EID: 84964607427     PISSN: 00219738     EISSN: 15588238     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1172/JCI86800     Document Type: Review

References (22)

1. Anderson MS, Su MA. Aire expands: new roles in immune tolerance and beyond. Nat Rev Immunol. In press.
2. Ngo ST, Steyn FJ, McCombe PA. Gender differences in autoimmune disease. Front Neuroendocrinol. 2014;35(3):347-369.
3. Walecki M, et al. Androgen receptor modulates Foxp3 expression in CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T-cells. Mol Biol Cell. 2015;26(15):2845-2857.
4. Kim WU, Min SY, Hwang SH, Yoo SA, Kim KJ, Cho CS. Effect of oestrogen on T cell apoptosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin Exp Immunol. 2010;161(3):453-458.
5. Staples JE, Gasiewicz TA, Fiore NC, Lubahn DB, Korach KS, Silverstone AE. Estrogen receptor alpha is necessary in thymic development and estradiol-induced thymic alterations. J Immunol. 1999;163(8):4168-4174.
6. Olsen NJ, Olson G, Viselli SM, Gu X, Kovacs WJ. Androgen receptors in thymic epithelium modulate thymus size and thymocyte development. Endocrinology. 2001;142(3):1278-1283.
7. Dragin N, et al. Estrogen-mediated downregulation of AIRE influences sexual dimorphism in autoimmune diseases. J Clin Invest. 2016;126(4):1525-1537.
8. LaFlam TN, et al. Identification of a novel cisregulatory element essential for immune tolerance. J Exp Med. 2002;212(12):1993-2002.
9. Haljasorg U, et al. A highly conserved NF-κBresponsive enhancer is critical for thymic expression of Aire in mice. Eur J Immunol. 2015;45(12):3246-3256.
10. Murumägi A, Silvennoinen O, Peterson P. Ets transcription factors regulate AIRE gene promoter. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2006;348(2):768-774.
11. Kont V, et al. DNA methylation signatures of the AIRE promoter in thymic epithelial cells, thymomas and normal tissues. Mol Immunol. 2011;49(3):518-526.
12. Shi JF, et al. ERα positively regulated DNMT1 expression by binding to the gene promoter region in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2012;427(1):47-53.
13. Fernandez-Calero T, Flouriot G, Marin M. The synonymous Ala87 mutation of estrogen receptor alpha modifies transcriptional activation through both ERE and AP1 sites. Methods Mol Biol. 2016;1366:287-296.
14. Oftedal BE, et al. Dominant mutations in the autoimmune regulator AIRE are associated with common organ-specific autoimmune diseases. Immunity. 1196;42(6):1185-1196.
15. Su MA, et al. Mechanisms of an autoimmunity syndrome in mice caused by a dominant mutation in Aire. J Clin Invest. 2008;118(5):1712-1726.
16. Träger U, et al. The immune response to melanoma is limited by thymic selection of selfantigens. PLoS One. 2012;7(4):e35005.
17. Zhu ML, Nagavalli A, Su MA. Aire deficiency promotes TRP-1-specific immune rejection of melanoma. Cancer Res. 2013;73(7):2104-2116.
18. Zhu M, et al. Sex bias in CNS autoimmune disease mediated by androgen control of autoimmune regulator. Nat Commun. In press.
19. Takaba H, et al. Fezf2 orchestrates a thymic program of self-antigen expression for immune tolerance. Cell. 2015;163(4):975-987.
20. Kurtoglu S, Bastug O. Mini puberty and its interpretation. Turk Pediatri Ars. 2014;49(3):186-191.
21. Yang S, Fujikado N, Kolodin D, Benoist C, Mathis D. Immune tolerance. Regulatory T cells generated early in life play a distinct role in maintaining self-tolerance. Science. 2015;348(6234):589-594.
22. Dumont-Lagacé M, St-Pierre C, Perreault C. Sex hormones have pervasive effects on thymic epithelial cells. Sci Rep. 2015;5:12895.