Transfusion practices and infectious risks

Expert Review of Hematology

Volumn 9, Issue 6, 2016, Pages 597-605

  Shander, Aryeh ^a   Lobel, Gregg P ^a   Javidroozi, Mazyar ^a  

^a ENGLEWOOD HOSPITAL AND MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

blood testing; infection; iron; outcomes; patient blood management; Transfusion; transfusion complication; transfusion strategy; transfusion related immunomodulation; transfusion transmitted infection

Indexed keywords

BACTERIUM CONTAMINATION; BLOOD COMPONENT; BLOOD TRANSFUSION; CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY; CLIMATE CHANGE; CLINICAL PRACTICE; DISEASE TRANSMISSION; HEART SURGERY; HUMAN; INFECTION RISK; IRON BLOOD LEVEL; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; VASCULARIZATION; ADVERSE EFFECTS; COMMUNICABLE DISEASES; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PROCEDURES; RISK; TRANSMISSION;

BLOOD TRANSFUSION; COMMUNICABLE DISEASES; HUMANS; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT (HEALTH CARE); RISK;

EID: 84964089201     PISSN: 17474086     EISSN: 17474094     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1586/17474086.2016.1164593     Document Type: Review

References (83)

1. H.M.Murphy The transmission of infectious hepatitis by blood transfusion. Gastroenterology. 1945;5:449–456.
2. R.E.Steiner. Jaundice after transfusion of whole blood or human plasma. Br Med J. 1944;1:110–111.
3. I.Anderson. AIDS panic disrupts American blood banks. New Sci. 1983;98:927.
4. S.R.Brailsford, D.Kelly, H.Kohli, et al. Who should donate blood? Policy decisions on donor deferral criteria should protect recipients and be fair to donors. Transfus Med. 2015;25:234–238.
5. S.Hughes, N.Sheon, B.Siedle-Khan, et al. Saving lives, maintaining safety, and science-based policy: qualitative interview findings from the Blood Donation Rules Opinion Study (Blood DROPS). Transfusion. 2015;55:2835–2841.
6. R.W.Lieshout-Krikke, H.L.Zaaijer, T.J.van de Laar. Predonation screening of candidate donors and prevention of window period donations. Transfusion. 2015;55:373–378.
7. M.Spreafico, A.Berzuini, B.Foglieni, et al. Poor efficacy of nucleic acid testing in identifying occult HBV infection and consequences for safety of blood supply in Italy. J Hepatol. 2015;63:1068–1076.
8. P.F.Lindholm, K.Annen, G.Ramsey. Approaches to minimize infection risk in blood banking and transfusion practice. Infect Disord Drug Targets. 2011;11:45–56.
9. T.Ballard, P.Rohrbeck, M.Kania, et al. Transfusion-transmissible infections among U.S. military recipients of emergently transfused blood products, June 2006-December 2012. MSMR. 2014;21:2–6.
10. M.Ziemann, H.Hennig. Prevention of transfusion-transmitted cytomegalovirus infections: which is the optimal strategy? Transfus Med Hemother. 2014;41:40–44.
11. R.Sobata, C.Matsumoto, S.Uchida, et al. Estimation of the infectious viral load required for transfusion-transmitted human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 infection (TT-HTLV-1) and of the effectiveness of leukocyte reduction in preventing TT-HTLV-1. Vox Sang. 2015;109:122–128.
12. J.Y.Douet, R.Bujdoso, O.Andreoletti. Leukoreduction and blood-borne vCJD transmission risk. Curr Opin Hematol. 2015;22:36–40.
13. Use of solvent/detergent-treated human plasma (octaplas): pilot project [Internet]. CADTH Optimal Use Reports 2011.
14. G.M.Liumbruno, M.Franchini. Solvent/detergent plasma: pharmaceutical characteristics and clinical experience. J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2015;39:118–128.
15. P.Schlenke, Pathogen inactivation technologies for cellular blood components: an update. Transfus Med Hemother. 2014;41:309–325.
16. M.B.Funk, M.Heiden, P.Volkers, et al. Evaluation of risk minimisation measures for blood components - based on reporting rates of transfusion-transmitted reactions (1997-2013). Transfus Med Hemother. 2015;42:240–246.•• Large population study on the impact of introducing various measures on the safety of blood supply.
17. B.R.Jackson, M.P.Busch, S.L.Stramer, et al., The cost-effectiveness of NAT for HIV, HCV, and HBV in whole-blood donations. Transfusion. 2003;43:721–729.
18. R.Y.Dodd, G.A.Foster, S.L.Stramer. Keeping blood transfusion safe from West Nile virus: American Red Cross experience, 2003 to 2012. Transfus Med Rev. 2015;29:153–161.• Emergence of West Nile Virus in the US and the reactions to protect the blood supply from it can provide an interesting case study for emerging infections with valuable lessons to learn.
19. CDC. Detection of West Nile virus in blood donations–United States, 2003. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2003;52:769–772.• Views of an American Association of Blood Banks panel on the potential emerging infectious risks to blood supply.
20. S.L.Stramer, F.B.Hollinger, L.M.Katz, et al. Emerging infectious disease agents and their potential threat to transfusion safety. Transfusion. 2009;49(Suppl 2):1S–29S.
21. S.L.Stramer. Current perspectives in transfusion-transmitted infectious diseases: emerging and re-emerging infections. ISBT Sci Ser. 2014;9:30–36.• Views of an American Association of Blood Banks panel on the potential emerging infectious risks to blood supply.
22. S.Kleinman, A.Stassinopoulos. Risks associated with red blood cell transfusions: potential benefits from application of pathogen inactivation. Transfusion. 2015;55:2983–3000.
23. C.Atreya, H.Nakhasi, P.Mied, et al. FDA workshop on emerging infectious diseases: evaluating emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) for transfusion safety. Transfusion. 2011;51:1855–1871.
24. B.Lafeuillade, F.Eb, N.Ounnoughene, et al. Residual risk and retrospective analysis of transfusion-transmitted bacterial infection reported by the French National Hemovigilance Network from 2000 to 2008. Transfusion. 2015;55:636–646.
25. S.S.Klausen, T.Hervig, J.Seghatchian, et al. Bacterial contamination of blood components: Norwegian strategies in identifying donors with higher risk of inducing septic transfusion reactions in recipients. Transfus Apher Sci. 2014;51:97–102.
26. V.Salunkhe, P.F.van der Meer, D.de Korte, et al. Development of blood transfusion product pathogen reduction treatments: a review of methods, current applications and demands. Transfus Apher Sci. 2015;52:19–34.
27. C.Butler, C.Doree, L.J.Estcourt, et al. Pathogen-reduced platelets for the prevention of bleeding. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;3:CD009072.
28. J.P.Isbister, A.Shander, D.R.Spahn, et al. Adverse blood transfusion outcomes: establishing causation. Transfus Med Rev. 2011;25:89–101.
29. A.J.Perros, A.M.Christensen, R.L.Flower, et al. Soluble mediators in platelet concentrates modulate dendritic cell inflammatory responses in an experimental model of transfusion. J Interferon Cytokine Res. 2015;35:821–830.
30. J.C.Zimring. Established and theoretical factors to consider in assessing the red cell storage lesion. Blood. 2015;125:2185–2190.
31. D.Orlov, K.Karkouti. The pathophysiology and consequences of red blood cell storage. Anaesthesia. 2015;70(Suppl 1):29–12.
32. L.Qu, D.J.Triulzi. Clinical effects of red blood cell storage. Cancer Control. 2015;22:26–37.• One of two recent clinical trials comparing the impact of transfusion of ‘fresh‘ versus ‘old‘ blood units on a number of clinical outcomes.
33. J.Lacroix, P.C.Hebert, D.A.Fergusson, et al. Age of transfused blood in critically ill adults. N Engl J Med. 2015;372:1410–1418.
34. M.E.Steiner, P.M.Ness, S.F.Assmann, et al. Effects of red-cell storage duration on patients undergoing cardiac surgery. N Engl J Med. 2015;372:1419–1429.• Recent clinical trials comparing the impact of transfusion of ‘fresh’ versus ‘old’ blood units on a number of clinical outcomes.
35. S.J.Brunskill, K.L.Wilkinson, C.Doree, et al. Transfusion of fresher versus older red blood cells for all conditions. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015;5:CD010801.
36. M.S.Mincheff, H.T.Meryman. Blood transfusion, blood storage and immunomodulation. Immunol Invest. 1995;24:303–309.
37. H.E.Kenz, L.P.van der. Transfusion-related acute lung injury. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2014;31:345–350.
38. C.J.Brown, C.V.Navarrete. Clinical relevance of the HLA system in blood transfusion. Vox Sang. 2011;101:93–105.
39. F.Hirayama. Current understanding of allergic transfusion reactions: incidence, pathogenesis, laboratory tests, prevention and treatment. Br J Haematol. 2013;160:434–444.
40. L.D.Fast, Developments in the prevention of transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease. Br J Haematol. 2012;158:563–568.
41. A.Shander, M.Javidroozi, S.Ozawa, et al. What is really dangerous: anaemia or transfusion? Br J Anaesth. 2011;107(Suppl 1):i41–i59.• A review of the risks of transfusion and the interaction between transfusion and its risk factors (anemia and comorbidities) in worsening the outcomes of the patients.
42. S.Chatterjee, J.Wetterslev, A.Sharma, et al. Association of blood transfusion with increased mortality in myocardial infarction: a meta-analysis and diversity-adjusted study sequential analysis. JAMA Intern Med. 2013;173:132–139.
43. N.N.Patel, V.S.Avlonitis, H.E.Jones, et al. Indications for red blood cell transfusion in cardiac surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Haematol. 2015;2:e543–e553.
44. P.A.Carless, D.A.Henry, J.L.Carson, et al. Transfusion thresholds and other strategies for guiding allogeneic red blood cell transfusion. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010;CD002042. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD002042.pub2
45. J.L.Carson, P.A.Carless, P.C.Hebert, Transfusion thresholds and other strategies for guiding allogeneic red blood cell transfusion. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012;4:CD002042.• One of two recent comprehensive meta-analyses of the studies on restrictive versus liberal transfusion strategies.
46. L.B.Holst, M.W.Petersen, N.Haase, et al. Restrictive versus liberal transfusion strategy for red blood cell transfusion: systematic review of randomised trials with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis. BMJ. 2015;350:h1354.• Two comprehensive meta-analyses of the studies on restrictive versus liberal transfusion strategies.
47. G.F.Curley, N.Shehata, C.D.Mazer, et al. Transfusion triggers for guiding RBC transfusion for cardiovascular surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Care Med. 2014;42:2611–2624.
48. G.J.Murphy, K.Pike, C.A.Rogers, et al. Liberal or restrictive transfusion after cardiac surgery. N Engl J Med. 2015;372:997–1008.
49. A.C.Salisbury, K.J.Reid, S.P.Marso, et al. Blood transfusion during acute myocardial infarction: association with mortality and variability across hospitals. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;64:811–819.
50. M.J.Ripolles, F.R.Casans, A.Espinosa, et al. Restrictive versus liberal transfusion strategy for red blood cell transfusion in critically ill patients and in patients with acute coronary syndrome: a systematic review, meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis. Minerva Anestesiol. 2015. [Epub ahead of print]
51. E.Fominskiy, A.Putzu, F.Monaco, et al. Liberal transfusion strategy improves survival in perioperative but not in critically ill patients. A meta-analysis of randomised trials. Br J Anaesth. 2015;115:511–519.
52. L.A.Hajjar, J.L.Vincent, F.R.Galas, et al. Transfusion requirements after cardiac surgery: the TRACS randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2010;304:1559–1567.
53. G.Imberger, C.Gluud, J.Boylan, et al. Systematic reviews of anesthesiologic interventions reported as statistically significant: problems with power, precision, and type 1 error protection. Anesth Analg. 2015;121:1611–1622.• An informative review on the pitfalls and power limitations faced by systematic review and meta-analyses.
54. J.B.Dossetor, K.J.MacKinnon, M.H.Gault, et al. Cadaver kidney transplants. Transplantation. 1967;5:844-53.
55. P.Michielsen, Y.C.van. Experiences with kidney transplantation. Folia Med Neerl. 1966;9:98–106.
56. M.A.Refaai, N.Blumberg. Transfusion immunomodulation from a clinical perspective: an update. Expert Rev Hematol. 2013;6:653–663.
57. S.Hart, C.M.Cserti-Gazdewich, S.A.McCluskey. Red cell transfusion and the immune system. Anaesthesia. 2015;70(Suppl 1):38–6.
58. P.C.Fragkou, H.D.Torrance, R.M.Pearse, et al. Perioperative blood transfusion is associated with a gene transcription profile characteristic of immunosuppression: a prospective cohort study. Crit Care. 2014;18:541.
59. H.D.Torrance, K.Brohi, R.M.Pearse, et al. Association between gene expression biomarkers of immunosuppression and blood transfusion in severely injured polytrauma patients. Ann Surg. 2015;261:751–759.
60. H.D.Torrance, M.E.Vivian, K.Brohi, et al. Changes in gene expression following trauma are related to the age of transfused packed red blood cells. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2015;78:535–542.
61. A.Shander, K.Sazama. Clinical consequences of iron overload from chronic red blood cell transfusions, its diagnosis, and its management by chelation therapy. Transfusion. 2010;50:1144–1155.
62. J.B.Porter, M.Garbowski. The pathophysiology of transfusional iron overload. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 2014;28:683–701, vi.
63. E.Litton, J.Xiao, K.M.Ho. Safety and efficacy of intravenous iron therapy in reducing requirement for allogeneic blood transfusion: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials. BMJ. 2013;347:f4822.
64. M.Munoz, S.Gomez-Ramirez, J.Cuenca, et al. Very-short-term perioperative intravenous iron administration and postoperative outcome in major orthopedic surgery: a pooled analysis of observational data from 2547 patients. Transfusion. 2014;54:289–299.
65. Y.Yang, H.Li, B.Li, et al. Efficacy and safety of iron supplementation for the elderly patients undergoing hip or knee surgery: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Surg Res. 2011;171:e201–e207.
66. P.E.Marik, H.L.Corwin. Efficacy of red blood cell transfusion in the critically ill: a systematic review of the literature. Crit Care Med. 2008;36:2667–2674.
67. S.Kato, H.Chikuda, J.Ohya, et al. Risk of infectious complications associated with blood transfusion in elective spinal surgery-a propensity score matched analysis. Spine J. 2016;16:55–60.
68. S.J.Janssen, Y.Braun, K.B.Wood, et al. Allogeneic blood transfusions and postoperative infections after lumbar spine surgery. Spine J. 2015;15:901–909.
69. R.Friedman, M.Homering, G.Holberg, et al. Allogeneic blood transfusions and postoperative infections after total hip or knee arthroplasty. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2014;96:272–278.
70. K.A.Horvath, M.A.Acker, H.Chang, et al. Blood transfusion and infection after cardiac surgery. Ann Thorac Surg. 2013;95:2194–2201.
71. M.A.Rogers, D.Micic, N.Blumberg, et al. Storage duration of red blood cell transfusion and Clostridium difficile infection: a within person comparison. PLoS One. 2014;9:e89332.
72. N.P.Vranken, P.W.Weerwind, P.J.Barenbrug, et al., The role of patient’s profile and allogeneic blood transfusion in development of post-cardiac surgery infections: a retrospective study. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. 2014;19:232–238.
73. J.M.Rohde, D.E.Dimcheff, N.Blumberg, et al. Health care-associated infection after red blood cell transfusion: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA. 2014;311:1317–1326.•• A recent systematic review and meta-analysis of risk of nosocomial infection following transfusion.
74. S.R.Salpeter, J.S.Buckley, S.Chatterjee. Impact of more restrictive blood transfusion strategies on clinical outcomes: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Am J Med. 2014;127:124–131.
75. S.J.Brunskill, S.L.Millette, A.Shokoohi, et al. Red blood cell transfusion for people undergoing hip fracture surgery. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015;4:CD009699.
76. Z.Teng, Y.Zhu, Y.Liu, et al. Restrictive blood transfusion strategies and associated infection in orthopedic patients: a meta-analysis of 8 randomized controlled trials. Sci Rep. 2015;5:13421.
77. WHO. Towards 100% voluntary blood donation: a global framework for action. WHO Guidelines Approved by the Guidelines Review Committee. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2010.
78. A.Shander, I.Gross, S.Hill, et al. A new perspective on best transfusion practices. Blood Transfus. 2013;11:193–202.
79. L.T.Goodnough, A.Shander, Current status of pharmacologic therapies in patient blood management. Anesth Analg. 2013;116: 15–34.
80. A.Shander, M.Javidroozi, S.Perelman, et al. From bloodless surgery to patient blood management. Mt Sinai J Med. 2012;79:56–65.
81. A.Shander, A.Hofmann, J.Isbister, et al. Patient blood management–the new frontier. Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol. 2013;27:5–10.• An overview of Patient Blood Management strategies that can contribute to more judicious use of blood components, and, more importantly, improved outcome of patients.
82. G.P.Lobel, M.Javidroozi, A.Shander. Risks of anemia in cardiac surgery patients. Semin Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2015;19:288–292.
83. I.Gross, A.Shander, J.Sweeney. Patient blood management and outcome, too early or not? Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol. 2013;27:161–172.