Tuning the mind: Exploring the connections between musical ability and executive functions

Cognition

Volumn 152, Issue , 2016, Pages 199-211

  Slevc, L Robert ^a   Davey, Nicholas S ^a   Buschkuehl, Martin ^b   Jaeggi, Susanne M ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND   (United States)

^b MIND Research Institute   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Executive functions; Individual differences; Musical ability; Working memory

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; AUDITORY SYSTEM FUNCTION; BILINGUALISM; EXECUTIVE FUNCTION; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; MUSIC; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SOCIAL STATUS; TASK PERFORMANCE; ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AUDITORY STIMULATION; INDIVIDUALITY; INHIBITION (PSYCHOLOGY); PHOTOSTIMULATION; REACTION TIME; SHORT TERM MEMORY; STROOP TEST; YOUNG ADULT;

ACOUSTIC STIMULATION; ADOLESCENT; ADULT; EXECUTIVE FUNCTION; FEMALE; HUMANS; INDIVIDUALITY; INHIBITION (PSYCHOLOGY); MALE; MEMORY, SHORT-TERM; MUSIC; PHOTIC STIMULATION; REACTION TIME; STROOP TEST; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84963860083     PISSN: 00100277     EISSN: 18737838     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2016.03.017     Document Type: Article

References (107)

1. Adler N., Stewart J. The MacArthur scale of subjective social status 2007, Retrieved from. http://www.macses.ucsf.edu/research/psychosocial/subjective.php.
2. Aggleton J.P., Kentridge R.W., Good J.M.M. Handedness and musical ability: A study of professional orchestral players, composers, and choir members. Psychology of Music 1994, 22(2):148-156. 10.1177/0305735694222004.
3. Amer T., Kalender B., Hasher L., Trehub S.E., Wong Y. Do older professional musicians have cognitive advantages?. PLoS ONE 2013, 8(8):1-8. 10.1371/journal.pone.0071630.
4. Beaty R.E., Smeekens B.A., Silvia P.J., Hodges D.A., Kane M.J. A first look at the role of domain-general cognitive and creative abilities in Jazz improvisation. Psychomusicology: Music, Mind & Brain 2013, 23(4):262-268. 10.1037/a0034968.
5. Beratis I.N., Rabavilas A.D., Kyprianou M., Papadimitriou G.N., Papageorgiou C. Investigation of the link between higher order cognitive functions and handedness. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology 2013, 35(4):393-403. 10.1080/13803395.2013.778231.
6. Bialystok E., Craik F., Green D., Gollan T. Bilingual minds. Psychological Science in the Public Interest 2009, 10(3):89-129. 10.1177/1529100610387084.
7. Bialystok E., DePape A.-M. Musical expertise, bilingualism, and executive functioning. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 2009, 35(2):565-574. 10.1037/a0012735.
8. Boot W.R., Simons D.J., Stothart C., Stutts C. The pervasive problem with placebos in psychology: Why active control groups are not sufficient to rule out placebo effects. Perspectives on Psychological Science 2013, 8(4):445-454. 10.1177/1745691613491271.
9. Bugos J., Perlstein W., McCrae C., Brophy T., Bedenbaugh P. Individualized piano instruction enhances executive functioning and working memory in older adults. Aging & Mental Health 2007, 11(4):464-471. 10.1080/13607860601086504.
10. Calvo A., Bialystok E. Independent effects of bilingualism and socioeconomic status on language ability and executive functioning. Cognition 2014, 130(3):278-288. 10.1016/j.cognition.2013.11.015.
11. Carey D., Rosen S., Krishnan S., Pearce M.T., Shepherd A., Aydelott J., Dick F. Generality and specificity in the effects of musical expertise on perception and cognition. Cognition 2015, 137:81-105. 10.1016/j.cognition.2014.12.005.
12. Chanda M.L., Levitin D.J. The neurochemistry of music. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 2013, 17(4):179-193. 10.1016/j.tics.2013.02.007.
13. Corrigall K.A., Schellenberg E.G. Predicting who takes music lessons: Parent and child characteristics. Frontiers in Psychology 2015, 6:1-8. 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00282.
14. Corrigall K.A., Schellenberg E.G., Misura N.M. Music training, cognition, and personality. Frontiers in Psychology 2013, 4:222. 10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00222.
15. Costa A., Hernández M., Costa-Faidella J., Sebastián-Gallés N. On the bilingual advantage in conflict processing: Now you see it, now you don't. Cognition 2009, 113(2):135-149. 10.1016/j.cognition.2009.08.001.
16. Degé F., Kubicek C., Schwarzer G. Music lessons and intelligence: A relation mediated by Executive Functions. Music Perception 2011, 29(2):195-201.
17. Diamond A. Executive functions. Annual Review of Psychology 2013, 64:135-168. 10.1146/annurev-psych-113011-143750.
18. Drake C., Palmer C. Skill acquisition in music performance: Relations between planning and temporal control. Cognition 2000, 74(1):1-32.
19. Elpus K. is it the music or is it selection bias? A nationwide analysis of music and non-music students' SAT scores. Journal of Research in Music Education 2013, 61(2):175-194. 10.1177/0022429413485601.
20. Engle R. Working memory capacity as executive attention. Current Directions in Psychological Science 2002, 11(1):19-23.
21. Friedman N.P., Miyake A., Corley R.P., Young S.E., Defries J.C., Hewitt J.K. Not all executive functions are related to intelligence. Psychological Science 2006, 17(2):172-179. 10.1111/j.1467-9280.2006.01681.x.
22. Furneaux S., Land M.F. The effects of skill on the eye-hand span during musical sight-reading. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 1999, 266(1436):2435-2440. 10.1098/rspb.1999.0943.
23. George E.M., Coch D. Music training and working memory: An ERP study. Neuropsychologia 2011, 49(5):1083-1094. 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2011.02.001.
24. Gordon E. Learning sequences in music: A contemporary music learning theory 2007, GIA Publications, Chicago, IL.
25. Goschke T. Intentional reconfiguration and involuntary persistence in task set switching. Control of cognitive processes 2000, 331-355. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, http://doi.org/10.2337/db11-0571. S. Monsell, J. Driver (Eds.).
26. Gunstad J., Spitznagel M.B., Luyster F., Cohen R.A., Paul R.H. Handedness and cognition across the healthy lifespan. The International Journal of Neuroscience 2007, 117(4):477-485. 10.1080/00207450600773483.
27. Hackman D.A., Farah M.J. Socioeconomic status and the developing brain. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 2009, 13(2):65-73. 10.1016/j.tics.2008.11.003.
28. Hamers J.F., Lambert W.E. Bilingual interdependencies in auditory perception. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior 1972, 11(3):303-310. 10.1016/S0022-5371(72)80091-4.
29. Hanna-Pladdy B., MacKay A. The relation between instrumental musical activity and cognitive aging. Neuropsychology 2011, 25(3):378-386. 10.1037/a0021895.
30. Hansen M., Wallentin M., Vuust P. Working memory and musical competence of musicians and non-musicians. Psychology of Music 2013, 41(3):779-793. 10.1177/0305735612452186.
31. Hering R., Catarci T., Steiner T. Handedness in musicians. Functional Neurology 1995, 10(1):23-26. 10.1111/j.2044-8295.1969.tb01181.x.
32. Huron D.B. Sweet anticipation: Music and the psychology of expectation 2006, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
33. Jackendoff R. Musical parsing and musical affect. Music Perception 1991, 9(2):199-229.
34. Jaeggi S.M., Buschkuehl M., Perrig W.J., Meier B. The concurrent validity of the N-back task as a working memory measure. Memory 2010, 18(4):394-412. 10.1080/09658211003702171.
35. Jaeggi S.M., Studer-Luethi B., Buschkuehl M., Su Y.-F., Jonides J., Perrig W.J. The relationship between n-back performance and matrix reasoning - Implications for training and transfer. Intelligence 2010, 38(6):625-635. 10.1016/j.intell.2010.09.001.
36. Jäncke L., Schlaug G., Steinmetz H. Hand skill asymmetry in professional musicians. Brain and Cognition 1997, 34(3):424-432. 10.1006/brcg.1997.0922.
37. Jentzsch I., Mkrtchian A., Kansal N. Improved effectiveness of performance monitoring in amateur instrumental musicians. Neuropsychologia 2014, 52:117-124. 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2013.09.025.
38. Jonides J., Schumacher E.H., Smith E.E., Lauber E.J., Awh E., Minoshima S., Koeppe R.A. Verbal working memory load affects regional brain activation as measured by PET. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 1997, 9(4):462-475. 10.1162/jocn.1997.9.4.462.
39. Khng K.H., Lee K. The relationship between stroop and stop-signal measures of inhibition in adolescents: Influences from variations in context and measure estimation. PLoS ONE 2014, 9(7):e101356. 10.1371/journal.pone.0101356.
40. Kirchner W.K. Age differences in short-term retention of rapidly changing information. Journal of Experimental Psychology 1958, 55(4):352-358.
41. Kirschner S., Tomasello M. Joint music making promotes prosocial behavior in 4-year-old children. Evolution and Human Behavior 2010, 31(5):354-364. 10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2010.04.004.
42. Koelsch S., Rohrmeier M., Torrecuso R., Jentschke S. Processing of hierarchical syntactic structure in music. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2013, 110(38):15443-15448. 10.1073/pnas.1300272110.
43. Kopiez R., Galley N., Lee J.I. The advantage of a decreasing right-hand superiority: The influence of laterality on a selected musical skill (sight reading achievement). Neuropsychologia 2006, 44(7):1079-1087. 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2005.10.023.
44. Kopiez R., Lee J.I. Towards a general model of skills involved in sight reading music. Music Education Research 2008, 10(1):41-62. 10.1080/14613800701871363.
45. Kroll J.F., Bialystok E. Understanding the consequences of bilingualism for language processing and cognition. Journal of Cognitive Psychology 2013, 25(5):497-514. 10.1080/20445911.2013.799170.
46. Laukka P. Uses of music and psychological well-being among the elderly. Journal of Happiness Studies 2007, 8:215-241. 10.1007/s10902-006-9024-3.
47. Law L.N.C., Zentner M. Assessing musical abilities objectively: Construction and validation of the profile of music perception skills. PLoS ONE 2012, 7(12):e52508. 10.1371/journal.pone.0052508.
48. Lerdahl F., Jackendoff R. A generative theory of tonal music 1983, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
49. Loehr J.D., Kourtis D., Vesper C., Sebanz N., Knoblich G. Monitoring individual and joint action outcomes in duet music performance. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 2013, 25(7):1049-1061. 10.1162/jocn_a_00388.
50. Loehr J.D., Palmer C. Temporal coordination between performing musicians. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 2011, 64(11):2153-2167. 10.1080/17470218.2011.603427.
51. Logue S.F., Gould T.J. The neural and genetic basis of executive function: Attention, cognitive flexibility, and response inhibition. Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior 2013, 123:45-54. 10.1016/j.pbb.2013.08.007.
52. MacLeod C.M., Dodd M.D., Sheard E.D., Wilson D.E., Bibi U. In opposition to inhibition. The psychology of learning and motivation 2003, 163-214. Elsevier, New York, NY. B.H. Ross (Ed.).
53. Margulis E.H. A model of melodic expectation. Music Perception 2005, 22(4):663-714. 10.1525/mp.2005.22.4.663.
54. Marian V., Blumenfeld H.K., Kaushanskaya M. The language experience and proficiency questionnaire (LEAP-Q): Assessing language profiles in bilinguals and multilinguals. Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research 2007, 50:940-967.
55. Mehr S.A., Schachner A., Katz R.C., Spelke E.S. Two randomized trials provide no consistent evidence for nonmusical cognitive benefits of brief preschool music enrichment. PLoS ONE 2013, 8(12):e82007. 10.1371/journal.pone.0082007.
56. Meinz E.J., Hambrick D.Z. Deliberate practice is necessary but not sufficient to explain individual differences in piano sight-reading skill: The role of working memory capacity. Psychological Science 2010, 21(7):914-919. 10.1177/0956797610373933.
57. Merrett D.L., Peretz I., Wilson S.J. Moderating variables of music training-induced neuroplasticity: A review and discussion. Frontiers in Psychology 2013, 4:606. 10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00606.
58. Meyer L.B. Emotion and meaning in music 1956, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL.
59. Miyake A., Friedman N.P. The nature and organization of individual differences in executive functions: Four general conclusions. Current Directions in Psychological Science 2012, 21(1):8-14. 10.1177/0963721411429458.
60. Miyake A., Friedman N.P., Emerson M.J., Witzki A.H., Howerter A., Wager T.D. The unity and diversity of executive functions and their contributions to complex "Frontal Lobe" tasks: A latent variable analysis. Cognitive Psychology 2000, 41(1):49-100. 10.1006/cogp.1999.0734.
61. Moore G.P., Chen J. Timings and interactions of skilled musicians. Biological Cybernetics 2010, 103(5):401-414. 10.1007/s00422-010-0407-5.
62. Moradzadeh L., Blumenthal G., Wiseheart M. Musical training, bilingualism, and executive function: A closer look at task switching and dual-task performance. Cognitive Science 2014, n/a-n/a. 10.1111/cogs.12183.
63. Moreno S., Bialystok E., Barac R., Schellenberg E.G., Cepeda N.J., Chau T. Short-term music training enhances verbal intelligence and executive function. Psychological Science 2011, 22(11):1425-1433. 10.1177/0956797611416999.
64. Moreno S., Farzan F. Music training and inhibitory control: A multidimensional model. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 2015, 1337(1):147-152. 10.1111/nyas.12674.
65. Moreno S., Wodniecka Z., Tays W., Alain C., Bialystok E. Inhibitory control in bilinguals and musicians: Event related potential (ERP) evidence for experience-specific effects. PLoS ONE 2014, 9(4):e94169. 10.1371/journal.pone.0094169.
66. Müllensiefen D., Gingras B., Musil J., Stewart L. The musicality of non-musicians: An index for assessing musical sophistication in the general population. PLoS ONE 2014, 9(2):e89642. 10.1371/journal.pone.0089642.
67. Nettle D. Hand laterality and cognitive ability: A multiple regression approach. Brain and Cognition 2003, 52(3):390-398. 10.1016/S0278-2626(03)00187-8.
68. Norton A., Winner E., Cronin K., Overy K., Lee D.J., Schlaug G. Are there pre-existing neural, cognitive, or motoric markers for musical ability?. Brain & Cognition 2005, 59(2):124-134. 10.1016/j.bandc.2005.05.009.
69. Oechslin M.S., Van De Ville D., Lazeyras F., Hauert C.-A., James C.E. Degree of musical expertise modulates higher order brain functioning. Cerebral Cortex 2013, 23(9):2213-2224. 10.1093/cercor/bhs206.
70. Okada B.M., Slevc L.R. Music training: Contributions to executive function. An integrative approach to cognitive and working memory training: Perspectives from psychology, neuroscience, and human development 2016, Oxford University Press, New York, NY, (in press). M.F. Bunting, J.M. Novick, M.R. Dougherty, R.W. Engle (Eds.).
71. Oldfield R.C. Handedness in musicians. British Journal of Psychology 1969, 60(1):91-99. 10.1111/j.2044-8295.1969.tb01181.x.
72. Oldfield R.C. The assessment and analysis of handedness: The Edinburgh inventory. Neuropsychologia 1971, 9(1):97-113. 10.1016/0028-3932(71)90067-4.
73. Ollen J. A criterion-related validity test of selected indicators of musical sophistication using expert ratings 2006, (Doctoral dissertation), Ohio State University, Retrieved from. https://etd.ohiolink.edu/.
74. Owen A.M., McMillan K.M., Laird A.R., Bullmore E. N-back working memory paradigm: A meta-analysis of normative functional neuroimaging studies. Human Brain Mapping 2005, 25(1):46-59.
75. Paap K.R., Greenberg Z.I. There is no coherent evidence for a bilingual advantage in executive processing. Cognitive Psychology 2013, 66(2):232-258. 10.1016/j.cogpsych.2012.12.002.
76. Pallesen K.J., Brattico E., Bailey C.J., Korvenoja A., Koivisto J., Gjedde A., Carlson S. Cognitive control in auditory working memory is enhanced in musicians. PLoS ONE 2010, 5(6):e11120. 10.1371/journal.pone.0011120.
77. Palmer C. Music performance: Movement and coordination. The psychology of music 2013, 405-422. Academic Press. 3rd ed. D. Deutsch (Ed.).
78. Palmer C., Pfordresher P.Q. Incremental planning in sequence production. Psychological Review 2003, 110(4):683-712. 10.1037/0033-295X.110.4.683.
79. Patel A.D. Music, language, and the brain 2008, Oxford University Press, New York, NY.
80. Piro J., Ortiz C. No association between music ability and hand preference in children. Journal of Motor Behavior 2010, 42(5):269-275. 10.1080/00222895.2010.502550.
81. Potter M.C., Lombardi L. Syntactic priming in immediate recall of sentences. Journal of Memory and Language 1998, 38(3):265-282. 10.1006/jmla.1997.2546.
82. Powell J.L., Kemp G.J., García-Finaña M. Association between language and spatial laterality and cognitive ability: An fMRI study. NeuroImage 2012, 59(2):1818-1829. 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.08.040.
83. Rickard N.S., Bambrick C.J., Gill A. Absence of widespread psychosocial and cognitive effects of school-based music instruction in 10-13-year-old students. International Journal of Music Education 2012, 30(1):57-78. 10.1177/0255761411431399.
84. Roden I., Grube D., Bongard S., Kreutz G. Does music training enhance working memory performance? Findings from a quasi-experimental longitudinal study. Psychology of Music 2014, 42(2):284-298. 10.1177/0305735612471239.
85. Rogers R.D., Monsell S. Costs of a predictible switch between simple cognitive tasks. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 1995, 124(2):207-231. 10.1037/0096-3445.124.2.207.
86. Rohrmeier M.A., Koelsch S. Predictive information processing in music cognition. A critical review. International Journal of Psychophysiology 2012, 83(2):164-175. 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2011.12.010.
87. Schellenberg E.G. Music lessons enhance IQ. Psychological Science 2004, 15(8):511-514. 10.1111/j.0956-7976.2004.00711.x.
88. Schellenberg E.G. Examining the association between music lessons and intelligence. British Journal of Psychology 2011, 102(3):283-302. 10.1111/j.2044-8295.2010.02000.x.
89. Schellenberg E.G. Music training and speech perception: A gene-environment interaction. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 2015, 1337:170-177. 10.1111/nyas.12627.
90. Schellenberg E.G., Stalinski S.M., Marks B.M. Memory for surface features of unfamiliar melodies: Independent effects of changes in pitch and tempo. Psychological Research Psychologische Forschung 2014, 78(1):84-95. 10.1007/s00426-013-0483-y.
91. Schellenberg E.G., Weiss M.W. Music and cognitive abilities. The psychology of music 2013, Vol. 14:499-550. Elsevier, San Diego, CA. 3rd ed.
92. Schön D., François C. Musical expertise and statistical learning of musical and linguistic structures. Frontiers in Psychology 2011, 2:167. 10.3389/fpsyg.2011.00167.
93. Seinfeld S., Figueroa H., Ortiz-Gil J., Sanchez-Vives M.V. Effects of music learning and piano practice on cognitive function, mood and quality of life in older adults. Frontiers in Psychology 2013, 4:1-13. 10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00810.
94. Simon J.R., Rudell A.P. Auditory S-R compatibility: The effect of an irrelevant cue on information processing. Journal of Applied Psychology 1967, 51:300-304.
95. Singh-Manoux A., Marmot M.G., Adler N.E. Does subjective social status predict health and change in health status better than objective status?. Psychosomatic Medicine 2005, 67(6):855-861. 10.1097/01.psy.0000188434.52941.a0.
96. Skoe E., Krizman J., Kraus N. The impoverished brain: Disparities in maternal education affect the neural response to sound. The Journal of Neuroscience 2013, 33(44):17221-17231. 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2102-13.2013.
97. Slevc L.R., Okada B.M. Processing structure in language and music: A case for shared reliance on cognitive control. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 2015, 22:637-652. 10.3758/s13423-014-0712-4.
98. Strait D.L., Kraus N. Biological impact of auditory expertise across the life span: Musicians as a model of auditory learning. Hearing Research 2014, 308:109-121. 10.1016/j.heares.2013.08.004.
99. Strait D.L., Kraus N., Parbery-Clark A., Ashley R. Musical experience shapes top-down auditory mechanisms: Evidence from masking and auditory attention performance. Hearing Research 2010, 261(1-2):22-29. 10.1016/j.heares.2009.12.021.
100. Strait D.L., O'Connell S., Parbery-Clark A., Kraus N. Musicians' enhanced neural differentiation of speech sounds arises early in life: Developmental evidence from ages 3 to 30. Cerebral Cortex 2014, 24(9):2512-2521. 10.1093/cercor/bht103.
101. Travis F., Harung H.S., Lagrosen Y. Moral development, executive functioning, peak experiences and brain patterns in professional and amateur classical musicians: Interpreted in light of a Unified Theory of Performance. Consciousness and Cognition 2011, 20(4):1256-1264. 10.1016/j.concog.2011.03.020.
102. Vuust P., Roepstorff A., Wallentin M., Mouridsen K., Østergaard L. It don't mean a thing. Keeping the rhythm during polyrhythmic tension, activates language areas (BA47). NeuroImage 2006, 31(2):832-841. 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.12.037.
103. Vuust P., Wallentin M., Mouridsen K., Ostergaard L., Roepstorff A. Tapping polyrhythms in music activates language areas. Neuroscience Letters 2011, 494(3):211-216. 10.1016/j.neulet.2011.03.015.
104. Wallentin M., Nielsen A.H., Friis-Olivarius M., Vuust C., Vuust P. The Musical Ear Test, a new reliable test for measuring musical competence. Learning and Individual Differences 2010, 20(3):188-196. 10.1016/j.lindif.2010.02.004.
105. Zatorre R.J. Predispositions and plasticity in music and speech learning: Neural correlates and implications. Science 2013, 342:585-589. 10.1126/science.1238414.
106. Zhang L., Peng W., Chen J., Hu L. Electrophysiological evidences demonstrating differences in brain functions between nonmusicians and musicians. Scientific Reports 2015, 5:13796. 10.1038/srep13796.
107. Zuk J., Benjamin C., Kenyon A., Gaab N. Behavioral and neural correlates of executive functioning in musicians and non-musicians. PLoS ONE 2014, 9(6):e99868. 10.1371/journal.pone.0099868.