메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 13, Issue 7, 2016, Pages 963-975

CSF, blood-brain barrier, and brain drug delivery

Author keywords

Blood brain barrier; brain drug delivery; cerebrospinal fluid; choroid plexus; diffusion; microvasculature

Indexed keywords

ATENOLOL; BRAIN DERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR; CHOLECYSTOKININ; CORTICOSTEROID; GLUCOSE TRANSPORTER 1; INTERFERON; NERVE GROWTH FACTOR; PARACETAMOL; PLASMA PROTEIN; SOMATOMEDIN C; SUCROSE; TRANSFERRIN; ZIDOVUDINE;

EID: 84962853255     PISSN: 17425247     EISSN: 17447593     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2016.1171315     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (383)

References (89)
  • 1
    • 0021041669 scopus 로고
    • The vascularization of the human cerebellar cortex
    • Oct
    • H.Duvernoy, S.Delon, J.L.Vannson The vascularization of the human cerebellar cortex. Brain Res Bull. 1983 Oct;11:419–480.• Impressive collection of scanning electron micrographs of the human brain microvasculature.
    • (1983) Brain Res Bull , vol.11 , pp. 419-480
    • Duvernoy, H.1    Delon, S.2    Vannson, J.L.3
  • 2
    • 19444368421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Management of normal pressure hydrocephalus
    • M.Verrees, W.R.Selman. Management of normal pressure hydrocephalus. Am Fam Physician. 2004;70:1071–1078.
    • (2004) Am Fam Physician , vol.70 , pp. 1071-1078
    • Verrees, M.1    Selman, W.R.2
  • 3
    • 0016920764 scopus 로고
    • Review lecture. The blood-brain barrier
    • Feb
    • H.Davson. Review lecture. The blood-brain barrier. J Physiol. 1976 Feb;255:1–28.
    • (1976) J Physiol , vol.255 , pp. 1-28
    • Davson, H.1
  • 4
    • 84920556742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The rights and wrongs of blood-brain barrier permeability studies: a walk through 100 years of history
    • N.R.Saunders, -J.-J.Dreifuss, K.M.Dziegielewska, et al. The rights and wrongs of blood-brain barrier permeability studies: a walk through 100 years of history. Front Neurosci. 2014;8:404.
    • (2014) Front Neurosci , vol.8 , pp. 404
    • Saunders, N.R.1    Dreifuss, -J.-J.2    Dziegielewska, K.M.3
  • 5
    • 50749097850 scopus 로고
    • The process of digestion: illustrated by the action of stains on the living tissues
    • E.E.Goldmann. The process of digestion: illustrated by the action of stains on the living tissues. The Lancet. 1913;185:69–71.
    • (1913) The Lancet , vol.185 , pp. 69-71
    • Goldmann, E.E.1
  • 6
    • 80051710822 scopus 로고
    • The late Professor Edwin Goldmann’s investigations on the central nervous system by vital staining
    • F.W.Mott, The late Professor Edwin Goldmann’s investigations on the central nervous system by vital staining. Brit Med J. 1913;2:871–873.•• Mott reviews the classic experiments of Goldmann on acidic vital dyes and is essential reading for the historical origins of the BBB and the misconceptions with regard to choroid plexus and CSF.
    • (1913) Brit Med J , vol.2 , pp. 871-873
    • Mott, F.W.1
  • 7
    • 84977449550 scopus 로고
    • The factors which govern the penetration of arsenic (salvarsan) and aniline dyes into the brain and their bearin upon the treatment of cerebral syphilis
    • J.McIntosh, P.Fildes, The factors which govern the penetration of arsenic (salvarsan) and aniline dyes into the brain and their bearin upon the treatment of cerebral syphilis. Brain. 1916;39:478–483.•• Early observation that basic vital dyes pass directly from blood to brain without traversing an intermediate CSF compartment.
    • (1916) Brain , vol.39 , pp. 478-483
    • McIntosh, J.1    Fildes, P.2
  • 8
    • 84921479311 scopus 로고
    • The possibilities of the passage of substances from the blood to the central nervous system
    • T.Broman. The possibilities of the passage of substances from the blood to the central nervous system. Acta Psych Et Neurol. 1941;16:1–25.
    • (1941) Acta Psych Et Neurol , vol.16 , pp. 1-25
    • Broman, T.1
  • 9
    • 0006495235 scopus 로고
    • Blood-brain barrier
    • U.Friedemann. Blood-brain barrier. Physiol Rev. 1942;22:125–142.
    • (1942) Physiol Rev , vol.22 , pp. 125-142
    • Friedemann, U.1
  • 10
    • 0142025775 scopus 로고
    • Blood-brain barrier, cerebrospinal fluid, brain edema, and hydrocephalus
    • Kandel E.R., Schwartz J.H., (eds), New York: Elsevier
    • L.P.Rowland. Blood-brain barrier, cerebrospinal fluid, brain edema, and hydrocephalus. In: E.R.Kandel, J.H.Schwartz, editors. Principles of neural science. New York: Elsevier; 1985. p. 837–844.
    • (1985) Principles of neural science , pp. 837-844
    • Rowland, L.P.1
  • 11
    • 84937416363 scopus 로고
    • Address in pathology, on chemiotherapy: delivered before the seventeenth international congress of medicine
    • Aug
    • P.Ehrlich. Address in pathology, on chemiotherapy: delivered before the seventeenth international congress of medicine. Br Med J. 1913 [Aug16];2:353–359.• Reviews the development of a model chemotherapeutic, salvarsan, an organoarsenical compound. The drug was marketed by Hoechst for 30 years for the treatment of syphilis.
    • (1913) Br Med J , vol.2 , pp. 353-359
    • Ehrlich, P.1
  • 12
    • 84977450618 scopus 로고
    • The fixation of arsenic by the brain after intravenous injections of salvarsan
    • J.McIntosh, P.Fildes, The fixation of arsenic by the brain after intravenous injections of salvarsan. Proc R Soc Lond B. 1914;88:320–326.• Demonstration that salvarsan does not cross the BBB and not effective in the treatment of neurosyphilis. This was the first indication that the BBB would be a problem in the development of chemotherapeutics for the brain.
    • (1914) Proc R Soc Lond B , vol.88 , pp. 320-326
    • McIntosh, J.1    Fildes, P.2
  • 14
    • 0017736383 scopus 로고
    • A primate model for study of methotrexate pharmacokinetics in the central nervous system
    • Jul
    • D.G.Poplack, W.A.Bleyer, J.H.Wood, et al. A primate model for study of methotrexate pharmacokinetics in the central nervous system. Cancer Res. 1977 Jul;37:1982–1985.
    • (1977) Cancer Res , vol.37 , pp. 1982-1985
    • Poplack, D.G.1    Bleyer, W.A.2    Wood, J.H.3
  • 15
    • 0026063037 scopus 로고
    • Blood-brain barrier glucose transporter is asymmetrically distributed on brain capillary endothelial lumenal and ablumenal membranes: an electron microscopic immunogold study
    • Jul
    • C.L.Farrell, W.M.Pardridge. Blood-brain barrier glucose transporter is asymmetrically distributed on brain capillary endothelial lumenal and ablumenal membranes: an electron microscopic immunogold study. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 [Jul1];88:5779–5783.
    • (1991) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.88 , pp. 5779-5783
    • Farrell, C.L.1    Pardridge, W.M.2
  • 16
    • 0025123704 scopus 로고
    • Brain-type glucose transporter (GLUT-1) is selectively localized to the blood-brain barrier. Studies with quantitative western blotting and in situ hybridization
    • Oct
    • W.M.Pardridge, R.J.Boado, C.R.Farrell. Brain-type glucose transporter (GLUT-1) is selectively localized to the blood-brain barrier. Studies with quantitative western blotting and in situ hybridization. J Biol Chem. 1990 [Oct15];265:18035–18040.
    • (1990) J Biol Chem , vol.265 , pp. 18035-18040
    • Pardridge, W.M.1    Boado, R.J.2    Farrell, C.R.3
  • 17
    • 0026553539 scopus 로고
    • GLUT-1 glucose transporter is present within apical and basolateral membranes of brain epithelial interfaces and in microvascular endothelia with and without tight junctions
    • Feb
    • C.L.Farrell, J.Yang, W.M.Pardridge. GLUT-1 glucose transporter is present within apical and basolateral membranes of brain epithelial interfaces and in microvascular endothelia with and without tight junctions. J Histochem Cytochem. 1992 Feb;40:193–199.
    • (1992) J Histochem Cytochem , vol.40 , pp. 193-199
    • Farrell, C.L.1    Yang, J.2    Pardridge, W.M.3
  • 18
    • 37849000450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morphometry of the human cerebral cortex microcirculation: general characteristics and space-related profiles
    • F.Lauwers, F.Cassot, V.Lauwers-Cances, et al. Morphometry of the human cerebral cortex microcirculation: general characteristics and space-related profiles. NeuroImage. 2008;39:936–948.• Detailed morphometric analysis of the human brain microvasculature.
    • (2008) NeuroImage , vol.39 , pp. 936-948
    • Lauwers, F.1    Cassot, F.2    Lauwers-Cances, V.3
  • 19
    • 0014930828 scopus 로고
    • The choroid plexus: a historical review
    • Mar
    • G.J.Dohrmann. The choroid plexus: a historical review. Brain Res. 1970 [Mar3];18:197–218.
    • (1970) Brain Res , vol.18 , pp. 197-218
    • Dohrmann, G.J.1
  • 20
    • 0025126177 scopus 로고
    • A morphometric study on the development of the lateral ventricle choroid plexus, choroid plexus capillaries and ventricular ependyma in the rat
    • Oct
    • R.F.Keep, H.C.Jones. A morphometric study on the development of the lateral ventricle choroid plexus, choroid plexus capillaries and ventricular ependyma in the rat. Brain Res Dev Brain Res. 1990 [Oct1];56:47–53.• The first quantitative study on the surface area of the choroid plexus in the rat.
    • (1990) Brain Res Dev Brain Res , vol.56 , pp. 47-53
    • Keep, R.F.1    Jones, H.C.2
  • 21
    • 0030801252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial content of choroid plexus epithelium
    • Oct
    • E.M.Cornford, J.B.Varesi, S.Hyman, et al. Mitochondrial content of choroid plexus epithelium. Exp Brain Res. 1997 Oct;116:399–405.
    • (1997) Exp Brain Res , vol.116 , pp. 399-405
    • Cornford, E.M.1    Varesi, J.B.2    Hyman, S.3
  • 22
    • 84924777905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A balanced view of choroid plexus structure and function: focus on adult humans
    • May
    • R.Spector, R.F.Keep, S.Robert Snodgrass, et al. A balanced view of choroid plexus structure and function: focus on adult humans. Exp Neurol. 2015 May;267:78–86.
    • (2015) Exp Neurol , vol.267 , pp. 78-86
    • Spector, R.1    Keep, R.F.2    Robert Snodgrass, S.3
  • 23
    • 78651133453 scopus 로고
    • The permeability of capillaries in various organs as determined by the use of the ‘indicator diffusion’ method
    • C.Crone. The permeability of capillaries in various organs as determined by the use of the ‘indicator diffusion’ method. Acta Physiol Scand. 1963;58:292–305.
    • (1963) Acta Physiol Scand , vol.58 , pp. 292-305
    • Crone, C.1
  • 24
    • 0025329190 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of in vitro and in vivo models of drug transcytosis through the blood-brain barrier
    • W.M.Pardridge, D.Triguero, J.Yang, et al. Comparison of in vitro and in vivo models of drug transcytosis through the blood-brain barrier. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1990;253:884–891.
    • (1990) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.253 , pp. 884-891
    • Pardridge, W.M.1    Triguero, D.2    Yang, J.3
  • 25
    • 0016411957 scopus 로고
    • Permeability changes in the blood-brain barrier: causes and consequences
    • W.M.Pardridge, J.D.Connor, I.L.Crawford. Permeability changes in the blood-brain barrier: causes and consequences. CRC Crit Rev Toxicol. 1975;3:159–199.
    • (1975) CRC Crit Rev Toxicol , vol.3 , pp. 159-199
    • Pardridge, W.M.1    Connor, J.D.2    Crawford, I.L.3
  • 26
    • 0003162952 scopus 로고
    • Tight junctions of brain endothelium and epithelium
    • Pardridge W.M., (ed), New York: Raven
    • M.W.Brightman, J.H.Tao-Cheng. Tight junctions of brain endothelium and epithelium. In: W.M.Pardridge, editor. The blood-brain barrier. New York: Raven; 1993. p. 107–125.
    • (1993) The blood-brain barrier , pp. 107-125
    • Brightman, M.W.1    Tao-Cheng, J.H.2
  • 27
    • 0035354574 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular structure of tight junctions and their role in epithelial transport
    • J.M.Anderson. Molecular structure of tight junctions and their role in epithelial transport. News Physiol Sci. 2001;16:126–130.
    • (2001) News Physiol Sci , vol.16 , pp. 126-130
    • Anderson, J.M.1
  • 28
    • 0016828594 scopus 로고
    • Differential permeability of cerebral capillary and choroid plexus to lanthanum ion
    • T.W.Bouldin, M.R.Krigman. Differential permeability of cerebral capillary and choroid plexus to lanthanum ion. Brain Res. 1975;99:444–448.
    • (1975) Brain Res , vol.99 , pp. 444-448
    • Bouldin, T.W.1    Krigman, M.R.2
  • 29
    • 0019426492 scopus 로고
    • Epithelial potassium transport: tracer and electrophysiological studies in choroid plexus
    • T.Zeuthen, E.M.Wright. Epithelial potassium transport: tracer and electrophysiological studies in choroid plexus. J Membr Biol. 1981;60:105–128.
    • (1981) J Membr Biol , vol.60 , pp. 105-128
    • Zeuthen, T.1    Wright, E.M.2
  • 30
    • 0025048342 scopus 로고
    • Electrical resistance across the blood-brain barrier in anaesthetized rats: a developmental study
    • Oct
    • A.M.Butt, H.C.Jones, N.J.Abbott. Electrical resistance across the blood-brain barrier in anaesthetized rats: a developmental study. J Physiol. 1990 Oct;429:47–62.
    • (1990) J Physiol , vol.429 , pp. 47-62
    • Butt, A.M.1    Jones, H.C.2    Abbott, N.J.3
  • 31
    • 0022621491 scopus 로고
    • Cerebrovascular permeability coefficients to sodium, potassium, and chloride
    • Jun
    • Q.R.Smith, S.I.Rapoport. Cerebrovascular permeability coefficients to sodium, potassium, and chloride. J Neurochem. 1986 Jun;46:1732–1742.
    • (1986) J Neurochem , vol.46 , pp. 1732-1742
    • Smith, Q.R.1    Rapoport, S.I.2
  • 32
    • 0013793526 scopus 로고
    • The permeability of brain capillaries to non-electrolytes
    • C.Crone. The permeability of brain capillaries to non-electrolytes. Acta Physiol Scand. 1965;64:407–417.
    • (1965) Acta Physiol Scand , vol.64 , pp. 407-417
    • Crone, C.1
  • 33
    • 0014461314 scopus 로고
    • Penetration of 14C-inulin and 14C-sucrose into brain, cerebrospinal fluid, and skeletal muscle of developing rats
    • R.K.Ferguson, D.M.Woodbury. Penetration of 14C-inulin and 14C-sucrose into brain, cerebrospinal fluid, and skeletal muscle of developing rats. Exp Brain Res. 1969;7:181–194.
    • (1969) Exp Brain Res , vol.7 , pp. 181-194
    • Ferguson, R.K.1    Woodbury, D.M.2
  • 34
    • 0028944111 scopus 로고
    • Plasma albumin is a potent trigger of calcium signals and DNA synthesis in astrocytes
    • Feb
    • A.Nadal, E.Fuentes, J.Pastor, et al. Plasma albumin is a potent trigger of calcium signals and DNA synthesis in astrocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 [Feb28];92:1426–1430.
    • (1995) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.92 , pp. 1426-1430
    • Nadal, A.1    Fuentes, E.2    Pastor, J.3
  • 35
    • 33947686655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fusion antibody for Alzheimer’s disease with bidirectional transport across the blood-brain barrier and abeta fibril disaggregation
    • Mar-Apr
    • R.J.Boado, Y.Zhang, Y.Zhang, et al. Fusion antibody for Alzheimer’s disease with bidirectional transport across the blood-brain barrier and abeta fibril disaggregation. Bioconjug Chem. 2007 Mar-Apr;18:447–455.
    • (2007) Bioconjug Chem , vol.18 , pp. 447-455
    • Boado, R.J.1    Zhang, Y.2    Zhang, Y.3
  • 36
    • 0142257913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proteins in cerebrospinal fluid and blood: barriers, CSF flow rate and source-related dynamics
    • H.Reiber, Proteins in cerebrospinal fluid and blood: barriers, CSF flow rate and source-related dynamics. Restor Neurol Neurosci. 2003;21:79–96.• Shows that all plasma proteins are freely transported into CSF at a rate inversely related to molecular weight.
    • (2003) Restor Neurol Neurosci , vol.21 , pp. 79-96
    • Reiber, H.1
  • 37
    • 84855780598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gantenerumab: a novel human anti-abeta antibody demonstrates sustained cerebral amyloid-beta binding and elicits cell-mediated removal of human amyloid-beta
    • B.Bohrmann, K.Baumann, J.Benz, et al. Gantenerumab: a novel human anti-abeta antibody demonstrates sustained cerebral amyloid-beta binding and elicits cell-mediated removal of human amyloid-beta. J Alzheimers Dis. 2012;28:49–69.• Recites the classic misconception that therapeutic antibodies have some basal BBB transport, because the CSF/plasma ratio of IgG is 0.1–0.2%.
    • (2012) J Alzheimers Dis , vol.28 , pp. 49-69
    • Bohrmann, B.1    Baumann, K.2    Benz, J.3
  • 38
    • 34548106741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of P-glycoprotein activity at the primate blood-brain barrier increases the distribution of nelfinavir into the brain but not into the cerebrospinal fluid
    • A.Kaddoumi, S.-U.Choi, L.Kinman, et al. Inhibition of P-glycoprotein activity at the primate blood-brain barrier increases the distribution of nelfinavir into the brain but not into the cerebrospinal fluid. Drug Metab Dispos. 2007;35:1459–1462.
    • (2007) Drug Metab Dispos , vol.35 , pp. 1459-1462
    • Kaddoumi, A.1    Choi, S.-U.2    Kinman, L.3
  • 39
    • 0023109808 scopus 로고
    • Development of antiretroviral therapy for the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and related disorders. A progress report
    • Feb
    • R.Yarchoan, S.Broder. Development of antiretroviral therapy for the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and related disorders. A progress report. N Engl J Med. 1987 [Feb26];316:557–564.
    • (1987) N Engl J Med , vol.316 , pp. 557-564
    • Yarchoan, R.1    Broder, S.2
  • 40
    • 0026059353 scopus 로고
    • Comparative disposition and whole-body autoradiographic distribution of [2-14C]azidothymidine and [2-14C]thymidine in mice
    • Apr
    • A.E.Ahmed, S.Jacob, J.P.Loh, et al. Comparative disposition and whole-body autoradiographic distribution of [2-14C]azidothymidine and [2-14C]thymidine in mice. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1991 Apr;257:479–486.
    • (1991) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.257 , pp. 479-486
    • Ahmed, A.E.1    Jacob, S.2    Loh, J.P.3
  • 41
    • 12344322943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How to measure drug transport across the blood-brain barrier
    • U.Bickel. How to measure drug transport across the blood-brain barrier. NeuroRx. 2005;2:15–26.
    • (2005) NeuroRx , vol.2 , pp. 15-26
    • Bickel, U.1
  • 42
    • 12344327823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain-to-blood transporters for endogenous substrates and xenobiotics at the blood-brain barrier: an overview of biology and methodology
    • T.Terasaki, S.Ohtsuki. Brain-to-blood transporters for endogenous substrates and xenobiotics at the blood-brain barrier: an overview of biology and methodology. NeuroRx. 2005;2:63–72.
    • (2005) NeuroRx , vol.2 , pp. 63-72
    • Terasaki, T.1    Ohtsuki, S.2
  • 43
    • 0022151386 scopus 로고
    • Testosterone transport in brain: primary role of plasma protein-bound hormone
    • Nov
    • W.M.Pardridge, E.M.Landaw. Testosterone transport in brain: primary role of plasma protein-bound hormone. Am J Physiol. 1985 Nov;249:E534–42.
    • (1985) Am J Physiol , vol.249 , pp. E534-E542
    • Pardridge, W.M.1    Landaw, E.M.2
  • 44
    • 77957806870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Defining neuropharmacokinetic parameters in CNS drug discovery to determine cross species pharmacologic exposure-response relationships
    • C.L.Shaffer. Defining neuropharmacokinetic parameters in CNS drug discovery to determine cross species pharmacologic exposure-response relationships. Ann Rep Med Chem. 2010;45:55–70.
    • (2010) Ann Rep Med Chem , vol.45 , pp. 55-70
    • Shaffer, C.L.1
  • 45
    • 79951865101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measurement of unbound drug exposure in brain: modeling of pH partitioning explains diverging results between the brain slice and brain homogenate methods
    • M.Friden, F.Bergstrom, H.Wan, et al. Measurement of unbound drug exposure in brain: modeling of pH partitioning explains diverging results between the brain slice and brain homogenate methods. Drug Met Dispos. 2011;39:353–362.
    • (2011) Drug Met Dispos , vol.39 , pp. 353-362
    • Friden, M.1    Bergstrom, F.2    Wan, H.3
  • 46
    • 0028873172 scopus 로고
    • Intracerebral dialysis and the blood-brain barrier
    • Jan
    • I.Westergren, B.Nystrom, A.Hamberger, et al. Intracerebral dialysis and the blood-brain barrier. J Neurochem. 1995 Jan;64:229–234.
    • (1995) J Neurochem , vol.64 , pp. 229-234
    • Westergren, I.1    Nystrom, B.2    Hamberger, A.3
  • 47
    • 0032563719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in blood-brain barrier permeability associated with insertion of brain cannulas and microdialysis probes
    • Aug
    • D.R.Groothuis, S.Ward, K.E.Schlageter, et al. Changes in blood-brain barrier permeability associated with insertion of brain cannulas and microdialysis probes. Brain Res. 1998 [Aug24];803:218–230.
    • (1998) Brain Res , vol.803 , pp. 218-230
    • Groothuis, D.R.1    Ward, S.2    Schlageter, K.E.3
  • 48
    • 0030435368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative assessment of blood-brain barrier damage during microdialysis
    • M.M.Morgan, D.Singhal, B.D.Anderson. Quantitative assessment of blood-brain barrier damage during microdialysis. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1996;277:1167–1176.
    • (1996) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.277 , pp. 1167-1176
    • Morgan, M.M.1    Singhal, D.2    Anderson, B.D.3
  • 49
    • 78651140872 scopus 로고
    • Kinetics of movement of iodide, sucrose, inulin and radio-iodinated serum albumin in the central nervous system and cerebrospinal fluid of the rat
    • Dec
    • D.J.Reed, D.M.Woodbury. Kinetics of movement of iodide, sucrose, inulin and radio-iodinated serum albumin in the central nervous system and cerebrospinal fluid of the rat. J Physiol. 1963 Dec;169:816–850.
    • (1963) J Physiol , vol.169 , pp. 816-850
    • Reed, D.J.1    Woodbury, D.M.2
  • 50
    • 0037935472 scopus 로고
    • Fate of adrenal cortical steroids following intrathecal injection
    • Jan
    • R.A.Fishman, N.P.Christy. Fate of adrenal cortical steroids following intrathecal injection. Neurology. 1965 Jan;15:1–6.• Early work showing that injection of drug into CSF is equivalent to a slow intravenous injection.
    • (1965) Neurology , vol.15 , pp. 1-6
    • Fishman, R.A.1    Christy, N.P.2
  • 51
    • 0021709956 scopus 로고
    • A study of intrathecal, cerebrospinal fluid-to-brain exchange
    • Nov
    • R.B.Aird. A study of intrathecal, cerebrospinal fluid-to-brain exchange. Exp Neurol. 1984 Nov;86:342–358.• Over 30 years ago, Aird reviewed the futility of intrathecal drug delivery for treatment of brain disease, apart from meningeal disease on the surface of the brain.
    • (1984) Exp Neurol , vol.86 , pp. 342-358
    • Aird, R.B.1
  • 52
    • 0019442388 scopus 로고
    • Tissue distribution of human interferons after exogenous administration in rabbits, monkeys, and mice
    • A.Billiau, H.Heremans, D.Ververken, et al. Tissue distribution of human interferons after exogenous administration in rabbits, monkeys, and mice. Arch Virol. 1981;68:19–25.
    • (1981) Arch Virol , vol.68 , pp. 19-25
    • Billiau, A.1    Heremans, H.2    Ververken, D.3
  • 53
    • 0023928939 scopus 로고
    • Delivery of human interferon-alpha to brain by transient osmotic blood-brain barrier modification in the rat
    • May
    • N.H.Greig, W.R.Fredericks, H.W.Holloway, et al. Delivery of human interferon-alpha to brain by transient osmotic blood-brain barrier modification in the rat. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1988 May;245:581–586.
    • (1988) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.245 , pp. 581-586
    • Greig, N.H.1    Fredericks, W.R.2    Holloway, H.W.3
  • 54
    • 0025863685 scopus 로고
    • Centrally administered cholecystokinin suppresses feeding through a peripheral-type receptor mechanism
    • Jun
    • J.N.Crawley, S.M.Fiske, C.Durieux, et al. Centrally administered cholecystokinin suppresses feeding through a peripheral-type receptor mechanism. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1991 Jun;257:1076–1080.
    • (1991) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.257 , pp. 1076-1080
    • Crawley, J.N.1    Fiske, S.M.2    Durieux, C.3
  • 55
    • 0028153040 scopus 로고
    • Critical factors of intracerebral microdialysis as a technique to determine the pharmacokinetics of drugs in rat brain
    • Dec
    • E.C.De Lange, M.Danhof, A.G.De Boer, et al. Critical factors of intracerebral microdialysis as a technique to determine the pharmacokinetics of drugs in rat brain. Brain Res. 1994 [Dec12];666:1–8.
    • (1994) Brain Res , vol.666 , pp. 1-8
    • De Lange, E.C.1    Danhof, M.2    De Boer, A.G.3
  • 56
    • 33646547197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In normal rat, intraventricularly administered insulin-like growth factor-1 is rapidly cleared from CSF with limited distribution into brain
    • Jul
    • T.N.Nagaraja, P.Patel, M.Gorski, et al. In normal rat, intraventricularly administered insulin-like growth factor-1 is rapidly cleared from CSF with limited distribution into brain. Cerebrospinal Fluid Res. 2005 [Jul26];2:5.
    • (2005) Cerebrospinal Fluid Res , vol.2 , pp. 5
    • Nagaraja, T.N.1    Patel, P.2    Gorski, M.3
  • 57
    • 84862940707 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CNS penetration of intrathecal-lumbar idursulfase in the monkey, dog and mouse: implications for neurological outcomes of lysosomal storage disorder
    • P.Calias, M.Papisov, J.Pan, et al. CNS penetration of intrathecal-lumbar idursulfase in the monkey, dog and mouse: implications for neurological outcomes of lysosomal storage disorder. PLoS One. 2012;7:e30341.
    • (2012) PLoS One , vol.7 , pp. 30341
    • Calias, P.1    Papisov, M.2    Pan, J.3
  • 58
    • 84907900752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delivery of an enzyme-IGFII fusion protein to the mouse brain is therapeutic for mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIB
    • Oct
    • S.-H.Kan, M.Aoyagi-Scharber, S.Q.Le, et al. Delivery of an enzyme-IGFII fusion protein to the mouse brain is therapeutic for mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIB. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014 [Oct14];111:14870–14875.
    • (2014) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.111 , pp. 14870-14875
    • Kan, S.-H.1    Aoyagi-Scharber, M.2    Le, S.Q.3
  • 60
    • 0022017514 scopus 로고
    • Kinetic model for disposition of 6-mercaptopurine in monkey plasma and cerebrospinal fluid
    • Feb
    • D.G.Covell, P.K.Narang, D.G.Poplack. Kinetic model for disposition of 6-mercaptopurine in monkey plasma and cerebrospinal fluid. Am J Physiol. 1985 Feb;248:R147–56.
    • (1985) Am J Physiol , vol.248 , pp. R147-R156
    • Covell, D.G.1    Narang, P.K.2    Poplack, D.G.3
  • 61
    • 0014481056 scopus 로고
    • Junctions between intimately apposed cell membranes in the vertebrate brain
    • Mar
    • M.W.Brightman, T.S.Reese. Junctions between intimately apposed cell membranes in the vertebrate brain. J Cell Biol. 1969 Mar;40:648–677.
    • (1969) J Cell Biol , vol.40 , pp. 648-677
    • Brightman, M.W.1    Reese, T.S.2
  • 62
    • 0014884338 scopus 로고
    • Sucrose and inulin space measurements of cerebral cortex in four mammalian species
    • Nov
    • V.A.Levin, J.D.Fenstermacher, C.S.Patlak. Sucrose and inulin space measurements of cerebral cortex in four mammalian species. Am J Physiol. 1970 Nov;219:1528–1533.
    • (1970) Am J Physiol , vol.219 , pp. 1528-1533
    • Levin, V.A.1    Fenstermacher, J.D.2    Patlak, C.S.3
  • 63
    • 0016816050 scopus 로고
    • Intrathecal chemotherapy: brain tissue profiles after ventriculocisternal perfusion
    • Oct
    • R.G.Blasberg, C.Patlak, J.D.Fenstermacher. Intrathecal chemotherapy: brain tissue profiles after ventriculocisternal perfusion. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1975 Oct;195:73–83.•• First quantitative study on the logarithmic decrease in drug concentrations in the primate brain following drug injection into CSF.
    • (1975) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.195 , pp. 73-83
    • Blasberg, R.G.1    Patlak, C.2    Fenstermacher, J.D.3
  • 64
    • 0028289716 scopus 로고
    • Distribution of intracerebral ventricularly administered neurotrophins in rat brain and its correlation with trk receptor expression
    • May
    • Q.Yan, C.Matheson, J.Sun, et al. Distribution of intracerebral ventricularly administered neurotrophins in rat brain and its correlation with trk receptor expression. Exp Neurol. 1994 May;127:23–36.•• Autoradiography of brain after CSF injection of radiolabeled drug illustrates the steep logarithmic decrease in drug distribution into brain from the CSF surface.
    • (1994) Exp Neurol , vol.127 , pp. 23-36
    • Yan, Q.1    Matheson, C.2    Sun, J.3
  • 65
    • 0032587378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of 14C-sucrose delivery to the brain by intravenous, intraventricular, and convection-enhanced intracerebral infusion
    • Feb
    • D.R.Groothuis, S.Ward, A.C.Itskovich, et al. Comparison of 14C-sucrose delivery to the brain by intravenous, intraventricular, and convection-enhanced intracerebral infusion. J Neurosurg. 1999 Feb;90:321–331.
    • (1999) J Neurosurg , vol.90 , pp. 321-331
    • Groothuis, D.R.1    Ward, S.2    Itskovich, A.C.3
  • 67
    • 84977439615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Michigan State University Brain Biodiversity Bank Human Brain Atlas. [cited 2016 Jan 6]. Available from: https://www.msu.edu/user/brains/brains/human/coronal/1840_cell.html
    • (2016)
  • 68
    • 84977443087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative Mammalian Brain Collections. [cited 2016 Jan 6]. Available from: http://www.brainmuseum.org/
    • (2016)
  • 69
    • 84861865997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The evolution of the brain, the human nature of cortical circuits, and intellectual creativity
    • J.Defelipe. The evolution of the brain, the human nature of cortical circuits, and intellectual creativity. Front Neuroanat. 2011;5:29.
    • (2011) Front Neuroanat , vol.5 , pp. 29
    • Defelipe, J.1
  • 70
    • 0027768971 scopus 로고
    • Microdialysis study of zidovudine (AZT) transport in rat brain
    • Dec
    • K.H.Dykstra, A.Arya, D.M.Arriola, et al. Microdialysis study of zidovudine (AZT) transport in rat brain. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1993 Dec;267:1227–1236.
    • (1993) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.267 , pp. 1227-1236
    • Dykstra, K.H.1    Arya, A.2    Arriola, D.M.3
  • 71
    • 0028144703 scopus 로고
    • High-flow microinfusion: tissue penetration and pharmacodynamics
    • Jan
    • P.F.Morrison, D.W.Laske, H.Bobo, et al. High-flow microinfusion: tissue penetration and pharmacodynamics. Am J Physiol. 1994 Jan;266:R292–305.
    • (1994) Am J Physiol , vol.266 , pp. R292-R305
    • Morrison, P.F.1    Laske, D.W.2    Bobo, H.3
  • 72
    • 0029045339 scopus 로고
    • Distribution of nerve growth factor following direct delivery to brain interstitium
    • C.E.Krewson, M.L.Klarman, W.M.Saltzman. Distribution of nerve growth factor following direct delivery to brain interstitium. Brain Res. 1995;680:196–206.
    • (1995) Brain Res , vol.680 , pp. 196-206
    • Krewson, C.E.1    Klarman, M.L.2    Saltzman, W.M.3
  • 73
    • 0029582767 scopus 로고
    • Distribution of drugs following controlled delivery to the brain interstitium
    • Nov
    • M.Mak, L.Fung, J.F.Strasser, et al. Distribution of drugs following controlled delivery to the brain interstitium. J Neurooncol. 1995 Nov;26:91–102.
    • (1995) J Neurooncol , vol.26 , pp. 91-102
    • Mak, M.1    Fung, L.2    Strasser, J.F.3
  • 74
    • 80052517346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution of acid sphingomyelinase in rodent and non-human primate brain after intracerebroventricular infusion
    • Oct
    • R.J.Ziegler, E.A.Salegio, J.C.Dodge, et al. Distribution of acid sphingomyelinase in rodent and non-human primate brain after intracerebroventricular infusion. Exp Neurol. 2011 Oct;231:261–271.
    • (2011) Exp Neurol , vol.231 , pp. 261-271
    • Ziegler, R.J.1    Salegio, E.A.2    Dodge, J.C.3
  • 75
    • 0025868787 scopus 로고
    • Basic fibroblast growth factor prevents thalamic degeneration after cortical infarction
    • May
    • K.Yamada, A.Kinoshita, E.Kohmura, et al. Basic fibroblast growth factor prevents thalamic degeneration after cortical infarction. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 1991 May;11:472–478.
    • (1991) J Cereb Blood Flow Metab , vol.11 , pp. 472-478
    • Yamada, K.1    Kinoshita, A.2    Kohmura, E.3
  • 76
    • 0031149479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyperplastic changes within the leptomeninges of the rat and monkey in response to chronic intracerebroventricular infusion of nerve growth factor
    • May
    • P.A.Day-Lollini, G.R.Stewart, M.J.Taylor, et al. Hyperplastic changes within the leptomeninges of the rat and monkey in response to chronic intracerebroventricular infusion of nerve growth factor. Exp Neurol. 1997 May;145:24–37.
    • (1997) Exp Neurol , vol.145 , pp. 24-37
    • Day-Lollini, P.A.1    Stewart, G.R.2    Taylor, M.J.3
  • 77
    • 0016365833 scopus 로고
    • Penetration and removal of horseradish peroxidase injected into the cerebrospinal fluid: role of cerebral perivascular spaces, endothelium and microglia
    • H.J.Wagner, C.Pilgrim, J.Brandl. Penetration and removal of horseradish peroxidase injected into the cerebrospinal fluid: role of cerebral perivascular spaces, endothelium and microglia. Acta Neuropath. 1974;27:299–315.
    • (1974) Acta Neuropath , vol.27 , pp. 299-315
    • Wagner, H.J.1    Pilgrim, C.2    Brandl, J.3
  • 78
    • 0021959647 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for a ‘paravascular’ fluid circulation in the mammalian central nervous system, provided by the rapid distribution of tracer protein throughout the brain from the subarachnoid space
    • Feb
    • M.L.Rennels, T.F.Gregory, O.R.Blaumanis, et al. Evidence for a ‘paravascular’ fluid circulation in the mammalian central nervous system, provided by the rapid distribution of tracer protein throughout the brain from the subarachnoid space. Brain Res. 1985 [Feb4];326:47–63.
    • (1985) Brain Res , vol.326 , pp. 47-63
    • Rennels, M.L.1    Gregory, T.F.2    Blaumanis, O.R.3
  • 79
    • 84865123660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A paravascular pathway facilitates CSF flow through the brain parenchyma and the clearance of interstitial solutes, including amyloid beta
    • Aug
    • J.J.Iliff, M.Wang, Y.Liao, et al. A paravascular pathway facilitates CSF flow through the brain parenchyma and the clearance of interstitial solutes, including amyloid beta. Sci Transl Med. 2012 [Aug15];4:147ra11.
    • (2012) Sci Transl Med , vol.4 , pp. 147ra11
    • Iliff, J.J.1    Wang, M.2    Liao, Y.3
  • 80
    • 0019556901 scopus 로고
    • Efflux of radiolabeled polyethylene glycols and albumin from rat brain
    • Apr
    • H.F.Cserr, D.N.Cooper, P.K.Suri, et al. Efflux of radiolabeled polyethylene glycols and albumin from rat brain. Am J Physiol. 1981 Apr;240:F319–28.
    • (1981) Am J Physiol , vol.240 , pp. F319-F328
    • Cserr, H.F.1    Cooper, D.N.2    Suri, P.K.3
  • 81
    • 0032562483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vasopressin mediates the inhibitory effect of central angiotensin II on cerebrospinal fluid formation
    • Apr
    • A.Chodobski, J.Szmydynger-Chodobska, C.E.Johanson. Vasopressin mediates the inhibitory effect of central angiotensin II on cerebrospinal fluid formation. Eur J Pharmacol. 1998 [Apr24];347:205–209.
    • (1998) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.347 , pp. 205-209
    • Chodobski, A.1    Szmydynger-Chodobska, J.2    Johanson, C.E.3
  • 82
    • 84887817787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of baclofen on mechanical noxious and innocuous transmission in the spinal dorsal horn of the adult rat: in vivo patch-clamp analysis
    • K.Fukuhara, T.Katafuchi, M.Yoshimura. Effects of baclofen on mechanical noxious and innocuous transmission in the spinal dorsal horn of the adult rat: in vivo patch-clamp analysis. Eur J Neurosci. 2013;38:3398–3407.
    • (2013) Eur J Neurosci , vol.38 , pp. 3398-3407
    • Fukuhara, K.1    Katafuchi, T.2    Yoshimura, M.3
  • 83
    • 84861474501 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2+ channels contribute to the generation of after-discharges in the spinal ventral root after cessation of noxious mechanical stimulation
    • 2+ channels contribute to the generation of after-discharges in the spinal ventral root after cessation of noxious mechanical stimulation. J Pharmacol Sci. 2012;119:82–90.
    • (2012) J Pharmacol Sci , vol.119 , pp. 82-90
    • Yamamoto, S.1    Tanabe, M.2    Ono, H.3
  • 84
    • 0343144796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Localization and regulation of the delta-opioid receptor in dorsal root ganglia and spinal cord of the rat and monkey: evidence for association with the membrane of large dense-core vesicles
    • X.Zhang, L.Bao, U.Arvidsson, et al. Localization and regulation of the delta-opioid receptor in dorsal root ganglia and spinal cord of the rat and monkey: evidence for association with the membrane of large dense-core vesicles. Neurosci. 1998;4:1225–1242.
    • (1998) Neurosci , vol.4 , pp. 1225-1242
    • Zhang, X.1    Bao, L.2    Arvidsson, U.3
  • 85
    • 84910348647 scopus 로고
    • Subcutaneous reservoir and pump for sterile access to ventricular cerebrospinal fluid
    • Nov
    • A.K.Ommaya. Subcutaneous reservoir and pump for sterile access to ventricular cerebrospinal fluid. Lancet. 1963 [Nov9];2(7315):983–984.
    • (1963) Lancet , vol.2 , Issue.7315 , pp. 983-984
    • Ommaya, A.K.1
  • 86
    • 84929138470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Targeted delivery of protein and gene medicines through the blood-brain barrier
    • Apr
    • W.M.Pardridge. Targeted delivery of protein and gene medicines through the blood-brain barrier. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2015 Apr;97:347–361.
    • (2015) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.97 , pp. 347-361
    • Pardridge, W.M.1
  • 87
    • 0034461768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug-like properties and the causes of poor solubility and poor permeability
    • C.A.Lipinski. Drug-like properties and the causes of poor solubility and poor permeability. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods. 2000;44:235–249.
    • (2000) J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods , vol.44 , pp. 235-249
    • Lipinski, C.A.1
  • 88
    • 34347403252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug development for CNS disorders: strategies for balancing risk and reducing attrition
    • Jul
    • M.N.Pangalos, L.E.Schechter, O.Hurko. Drug development for CNS disorders: strategies for balancing risk and reducing attrition. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2007 Jul;6:521–532.
    • (2007) Nat Rev Drug Discov , vol.6 , pp. 521-532
    • Pangalos, M.N.1    Schechter, L.E.2    Hurko, O.3
  • 89
    • 84937121327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blood-brain barrier endogenous transporters as therapeutic targets: a new model for small molecule CNS drug discovery
    • W.M.Pardridge. Blood-brain barrier endogenous transporters as therapeutic targets: a new model for small molecule CNS drug discovery. Expert Opin Ther Targets. 2015;19:1059–1072.
    • (2015) Expert Opin Ther Targets , vol.19 , pp. 1059-1072
    • Pardridge, W.M.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.