The stiffening of the cell walls observed during physiological softening of pears

Planta

Volumn 243, Issue 2, 2016, Pages 519-529

  Zdunek, Artur ^a   Kozioł, Arkadiusz ^a   Cybulska, Justyna ^a   Lekka, Małgorzata ^b   Pieczywek, Piotr M ^a  

^a INSTITUTE OF AGROPHYSICS   (Poland)

^b INSTITUTE OF NUCLEAR PHYSICS   (Poland)

Author keywords

Atomic force microscopy (AFM); Cell wall; Firmness; Pear; Stiffness; Young s modulus

Indexed keywords

CARBOXYLESTERASE; GALACTURONIC ACID; HEXURONIC ACID; PECTIN; PECTINESTERASE; POLYGALACTURONASE;

ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY; BIOMECHANICS; CELL WALL; CYTOLOGY; FRUIT; GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND AGING; METABOLISM; PHYSIOLOGY; PYRUS; ULTRASTRUCTURE;

BIOMECHANICAL PHENOMENA; CARBOXYLIC ESTER HYDROLASES; CELL WALL; FRUIT; HEXURONIC ACIDS; MICROSCOPY, ATOMIC FORCE; PECTINS; POLYGALACTURONASE; PYRUS;

EID: 84955420643     PISSN: 00320935     EISSN: 14322048     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00425-015-2423-0     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. Ahmed AE, Labavitch JM (1980) Cell wall metabolism in ripening fruit. II. Changes in carbohydrate degrading enzymes in ripening ‘bartlett’ pears. Plant Physiol 65:1014–1016
2. Albersheim P, Darvill A, Roberts K, Sederoff R, Staehelin A (2011) Plant cell walls. Garland sciences. Taylor and Francis Group, New York
3. Blewett J, Burrows K, Thomas C (2000) A micromanipulation method to measure the mechanical properties of single tomato suspension cells. Biotechnol Lett 22:1877–1883
4. Blumenkrantz N, Asboe-Hansen G (1973) New method for quantitative determination of uronic acid. Anal Biochem 54:484–489
5. Brummell DA, Harpster MH (2001) Cell wall metabolismin fruit softening and quality and itsmanipulation in transgenic plants. Plant Mol Biol 47:311–340
6. Cosgrove DJ (2005) Growth of the plant cell wall. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 6:850–861
7. Cybulska J, Vanstreels E, Ho QT, Courtin CM, Van Craeyveld V, Nicolaï B, Zdunek A, Konstankiewicz K (2010) Mechanical characteristics of artificial cell walls. J Food Eng 96:287–294
8. Cybulska J, Zdunek A, Konstankiewicz K (2011) Calcium effect on mechanical properties of model cell walls and apple tissue. J Food Eng 102:217–223
9. 2+ and cellular structure on apple firmness and acoustic emission. Eur Food Res Technol 235:119–128
10. Cybulska J, Zdunek A, Psonka-Antonczyk KM, Stokke BT (2013) The relation of apple texture with cell wall nanostructure studied using an atomic force microscope. Carbohydr Polym 92:128–137
11. Cybulska J, Zdunek A, Kozioł A (2015) The self-assembled network and physiological degradation of pectins in carrot cell walls. Food Hydrocoll 43:41–50
12. Davies GC, Hiller S, Bruce DM (1998) A membrane model for elastic deflection of individual plant cell walls. J Texture Stud 29:645–667
13. Dintwa E, Jancsók P, Mebatsion HK, Verlinden B, Verboven P, Wang CX, Thomas CR, Tijskens E, Ramon H, Nicolaï B (2011) A finite element model for mechanical deformation of single tomato suspension cells. J Food Eng 103:265–272
14. Dubois MK, Gilles A, Hamilton JK, Rebers PA, Smith F (1956) Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances. Anal Chem 28:350–356
15. Fanta SW, Abera MK, Aregawi WA, Ho QT, Verboven P, Carmeliet J, Nicolai BM (2014) Microscale modeling of coupled water transport and mechanical deformation of fruit tissue during dehydration. J Food Eng 124:86–96
16. Fernandes AN, Chen X, Scotchford CA, Walker J, Wells DM, Roberts CJ, Everitt NM (2012) Mechanical properties of epidermal cells of whole living roots of Arabidopsis thaliana: an atomic force microscopy study. Phys Rev E 85:021916
17. Gu J, Catchmark JM (2014) Roles of xyloglucan and pectin on the mechanical properties of bacterial cellulose composite films. Cellulose 21:275–289
18. Gwanpua SG, Van Buggenhout S, Verlinden BE, Christiaens S, Shpigelman A, Vicent V, Kermani ZJ, Nicolai BM, Hendrickx MC, Geeraerd A (2014) Pectin modifications and the role of pectin-degrading enzymes during postharvest softening of Jonagold apples. Food Chem 158:283–291
19. Harker FR, Hallett IC (1992) Physiological changes associated with development of mealiness of apple fruit during cool storage. HortsScience 27:1291–1294
20. Harker FR, Redgwell RJ, Hallett IC, Murray SH (1997a) Texture of fresh fruit. In: Janick J (ed) Horticultural reviews, vol 20. Wiley, New York, pp 122–202
21. Harker FR, Stec MGH, Hallett IC, Bennett CL (1997b) Texture of parenchymatous plant tissue: a comparison between tensile and other instrumental and sensory measurements of tissue strength and juiciness. Postharvest Biol Technol 11:63–72
22. Hayot CM, Forouzesh E, Goel A, Avramova Z, Turner JA (2012) Viscoelastic properties of cell walls of single living plant cells determined by dynamic nanoindentation. J Exp Bot 63:2525–2540
23. Hiller S, Bruce DM, Jeronimidis G (1996) A micro-penetration technique for mechanical testing of plant cell walls. J Texture Stud 27:559–587
24. Jarvis MC (2011) Plant cell walls: supramolecular assemblies. Food Hydrocoll 25:257–262
25. Jarvis MC, Briggs SPH, Knox JP (2003) Intercellular adhesion and cell separation in plants. Plant, Cell Environ 26:977–989
26. Kurland NE, Drira Z, Yadavall NK (2012) Measurement of nanomechanical properties of biomolecules using atomic force microscopy. Micron 43:116–128
27. Kuznetsova TG, Starodubtseva MN, Yegorenkov NI, Chizhik SA, Zhdanov RI (2007) Atomic force microscopy probing of cell elasticity. Micron 38:824–833
28. Lekka M (2012) Atomic force microscopy: a tip for diagnosing cancer. Nat Nanotechnol 7:691–692
29. Lekka M, Laidler P (2009) Applicability of AFM in cancer detection. Nat Nanotechnol 4:72–73
30. Lekka M, Pogoda K, Gostek J, Klymenko O, Prauzner-Bechcicki S, Wiltowska-Zuber J, Jaczewska J, Lekki J, Stachura Z (2012) Cancer cell recognition—mechanical phenotype. Micron 43:1259–1266
31. Lesniewska E, Adrian M, Klinguer A, Pugin A (2004) Cell wall modification in grapevine cells in response to UV stress investigated by atomic force microscopy. Ultramicroscopy 100:171–178
32. Loparic M, Wirz D, Daniels AU, Raiteri R, VanLandingham MR, Guex G, Martin I, Aebi U, Stolz M (2010) Micro- and nanomechanical analysis of articular cartilage by indentation-type atomic force microscopy: validation with a gel-microfiber composite. Biophys J 98:2731–2740
33. Marry M, McCann MC, Kolpak F, White AR, Stacey NJ, Roberts K (2000) Extraction of pectic polysaccharides from sugar-beet cell walls. J Sci Food Agr 80:17–28
34. Mashmoushy H, Zhang Z, Thomas CR (1998) Micromanipulation measurement of the mechanical properties of baker’s yeast cells. Biotechnol Tech 12:925–929
35. Milani P, Gholamirad M, Traas J, Arneódo A, Boudaoud A, Argoul F, Hamant O (2011) In vivo analysis of local wall stiffness at the shoot apical meristem in Arabidopsis using atomic force microscopy. Plant J 67:1116–1123
36. Murayama H, Takahashi T, Honda R, Fukushima T (1998) Cell wall changes in pear fruit softening on and off the tree. Postharvest Biol Tech 14:143–149
37. Murayama H, Katsumata T, Horiuchi O, Fukushima T (2002) Relationship between fruit softening and cell wall polysaccharides in pears after different storage periods. Postharvest Biol Tech 26:15–21
38. Ng JKT, Schröder R, Sutherland PW, Hallett IC, Hall MI, Prakash R, Smith BG, Melton LD, Johnston JW (2013) Cell wall structures leading to cultivar differences in softening rates develop early during apple (Malus × domestica) fruit growth. BMC Plant Biol 13:183
39. Niklas KJ (1992) Plant biomechanics. An engineering approach to plant form and function. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, London
40. Peaucelle A, Braybrook SA, le Guillou L, Bron E, Kuhlemeier C, Ho H (2011) Pectin-induced changes in cell wall mechanics underlie organ initiation in Arabidopsis. Curr Biol 21:1720–1726
41. Pieczywek MP, Zdunek A (2014) Finite element modelling of the mechanical behaviour of onion epidermis with incorporation of nonlinear properties of cell walls and real tissue geometry. J Food Eng 123:50–59
42. Radmacher M, Cleveland JP, Fritz M, Hansma HG, Hansma PK (1994) Mapping interaction forces with the atomic force microscope. Biophys J 66:2159–2165
43. Radmacher M, Fritz M, Hansma PK (1995) Imaging soft samples with the atomic force microscope: gelatin in water and propanol. Biophys J 69:264–270
44. Radotić K, Roduit C, Simonović J, Hornitschek P, Fankhauser C, Mutavdzić D, Steinbach G, Dietler G, Kasas S (2012) Atomic force microscopy stiffness tomography on living Arabidopsis thaliana cells reveals the mechanical properties of surface and deep cell-wall layers during growth. Biophys J 103:386–394
45. Redgwell RJ, Melton LD, Brasch DJ (1988) Cell-wall polysaccharides of kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa): chemical features in different tissue zones of the fruit at harvest. Carbohydr Res 182:241–258
46. Renard CMGC (2005) Variability in cell wall preparations: quantification and comparison of common methods. Carbohydr Polym 60:515–522
47. Routier-Kierzkowska AL, Smith RS (2013) Measuring the mechanics of morphogenesis. Curr Opin Plant Biol 16:25–32
48. Routier-Kierzkowska AL, Weber A, Kochova P, Felekis D, Nelson BJ, Kuhlemeier C, Smith RS (2012) Cellular force microscopy for in vivo measurements of plant tissue mechanics. Plant Physiol 158:1514–1522
49. Saladie M, Matas AJ, Isaacson T, Jenks MA, Goodwin SM, Niklas KJ, Xiaolin R, Labavitch JM, Shackel KA, Fernie AR, Lytovchenko A, O’Neill MA, Watkins CB, Rose JK (2007) A reevaluation of the key factors that influence tomato fruit softening and integrity. Plant Physiol 144:1012–1028
50. Shiu C, Zhang Z, Thomas CR (1999) A novel technique for the study of bacterial cell mechanical properties. Biotechnol Tech 13:707–713
51. Sneddon IN (1965) The relation between load and penetration in the axisymmetric Boussinesq problem for a punch of arbitrary profile. Int J Eng Sci 3:47–57
52. Thomas CR, Zhang Z, Cowen C (2000) Micromanipulation measurements of biological materials. Biotechnol Lett 22:531–537
53. Vicente AR, Saladie′ M, Rose JKC, Labavitch JM (2007) The linkage between cell wall metabolism and fruit softening: looking to the future. J Sci Food Agr 87:1435–1448
54. Wang CX, Pritchard J, Thomas CR (2006) Investigations of the mechanics of single tomato fruit cells. J Texture Stud 37:597–606
55. Wei J, Ma F, Shi S, Qi X, Zhu X, Yuan J (2010) Changes and postharvest regulation of activity and gene expression of enzymes related to cell wall degradation in ripening apple fruit. Postharvest Biol Tech 56:147–154
56. Zdunek A, Kurenda A (2013) Determination of the elastic properties of tomato fruit cells with an atomic force microscope. Sensors 13:12175–12191
57. Zdunek A, Kozioł A, Pieczywek PM, Cybulska J (2014) Evaluation of the nanostructure of pectin, hemicellulose and cellulose in the cell walls of pears of different texture and firmness. Food Bioprocess Tech 7(12):3525–3535