Lewy body dementias

The Lancet

Volumn 386, Issue 10004, 2015, Pages 1683-1697

  Walker, Zuzana ^a,b   Possin, Katherine L ^c   Boeve, Bradley F ^d   Aarsland, Dag ^e,f,g  

^a UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^b North Essex Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust ^*  (United Kingdom)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^d Mayo Clinic College of Medicine   (United States)

^e STAVANGER UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Norway)

^f AKERSHUS UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Norway)

^g KAROLINSKA INSTITUTE   (Sweden)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIPARKINSON AGENT; BIOLOGICAL MARKER; CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITOR;

ARTICLE; CEREBROSPINAL FLUID ANALYSIS; CLINICAL GENETICS; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL (TOPIC); DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY; DIFFUSE LEWY BODY DISEASE; EARLY DIAGNOSIS; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY; HUMAN; INCIDENCE; META ANALYSIS (TOPIC); NEUROIMAGING; NEUROPSYCHOLOGY; NONHUMAN; PATHOGENESIS; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PRODROMAL SYMPTOM; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); REM SLEEP DEPRIVATION; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW (TOPIC); DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING; DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS; LEWY BODY DISEASE; PARKINSON DISEASE; SUPRANUCLEAR PALSY, PROGRESSIVE;

BIOMARKERS; DIAGNOSIS, DIFFERENTIAL; DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING; HUMANS; LEWY BODY DISEASE; PARKINSON DISEASE; SUPRANUCLEAR PALSY, PROGRESSIVE;

EID: 84945394119     PISSN: 01406736     EISSN: 1474547X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00462-6     Document Type: Review

References (165)

1. M Emre, D Aarsland, R Brown et al. Clinical diagnostic criteria for dementia associated with Parkinson's disease Mov Disord 22 2007 1689 1707
2. IG McKeith, DW Dickson, J Lowe the Consortium on DLB Diagnosis and management of dementia with Lewy bodies: third report of the DLB Consortium Neurology 65 2005 1863 1872
3. I Litvan, JG Goldman, AI Tröster et al. Diagnostic criteria for mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease: Movement Disorder Society Task Force guidelines Mov Disord 27 2012 349 356
4. American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders DSM-5 5th edn. 2013 American Psychiatric Association Washington, DC
5. I McKeith, J Mintzer, D Aarsland the International Psychogeriatric Association Expert Meeting on DLB Dementia with Lewy bodies Lancet Neurol 3 2004 19 28
6. D Aarsland, J Zaccai, C Brayne A systematic review of prevalence studies of dementia in Parkinson's disease Mov Disord 20 2005 1255 1263
7. CH Williams-Gray, SL Mason, JR Evans et al. The CamPaIGN study of Parkinson's disease: 10-year outlook in an incident population-based cohort J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 84 2013 1258 1264
8. P Svenningsson, E Westman, C Ballard, D Aarsland Cognitive impairment in patients with Parkinson's disease: diagnosis, biomarkers, and treatment Lancet Neurol 11 2012 697 707
9. KF Pedersen, JP Larsen, OB Tysnes, G Alves Prognosis of mild cognitive impairment in early Parkinson disease: the Norwegian ParkWest study JAMA Neurol 70 2013 580 586
10. CH Williams-Gray, JR Evans, A Goris et al. The distinct cognitive syndromes of Parkinson's disease: 5 year follow-up of the CamPaIGN cohort Brain 132 2009 2958 2969
11. D Aarsland, JT Kvaløy, K Andersen et al. The effect of age of onset of PD on risk of dementia J Neurol 254 2007 38 45
12. SA Vann Jones, JT O'Brien The prevalence and incidence of dementia with Lewy bodies: a systematic review of population and clinical studies Psychol Med 44 2014 673 683
13. MA Tola-Arribas, MI Yugueros, MJ Garea et al. Prevalence of dementia and subtypes in Valladolid, northwestern Spain: the DEMINVALL study PLoS One 8 2013 e77688
14. W Mok, TW Chow, L Zheng, WJ Mack, C Miller Clinicopathological concordance of dementia diagnoses by community versus tertiary care clinicians Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen 19 2004 161 165
15. JB Toledo, NJ Cairns, X Da the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) Clinical and multimodal biomarker correlates of ADNI neuropathological findings Acta Neuropathol Commun 1 2013 65
16. 123I-FP-CIT SPECT in dementia with Lewy bodies: a phase III, multicentre study Lancet Neurol 6 2007 305 313
17. TJ Ferman, BF Boeve, GE Smith et al. Inclusion of RBD improves the diagnostic classification of dementia with Lewy bodies Neurology 77 2011 875 882
18. T Rahkonen, U Eloniemi-Sulkava, S Rissanen, A Vatanen, P Viramo, R Sulkava Dementia with Lewy bodies according to the consensus criteria in a general population aged 75 years or older J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 74 2003 720 724
19. T Stevens, G Livingston, G Kitchen, M Manela, Z Walker, C Katona Islington study of dementia subtypes in the community Br J Psychiatry 180 2002 270 276
20. R Savica, BR Grossardt, JH Bower, BF Boeve, JE Ahlskog, WA Rocca Incidence of dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson disease dementia JAMA Neurol 70 2013 1396 1402
21. F Perez, C Helmer, JF Dartigues, S Auriacombe, F Tison A 15-year population-based cohort study of the incidence of Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies in an elderly French cohort J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 81 2010 742 746
22. L Parkkinen, T Pirttilä, I Alafuzoff Applicability of current staging/categorization of alpha-synuclein pathology and their clinical relevance Acta Neuropathol 115 2008 399 407
23. H Braak, K Del Tredici, U Rüb, RAI de Vos, EN Jansen Steur, E Braak Staging of brain pathology related to sporadic Parkinson's disease Neurobiol Aging 24 2003 197 211
24. S George, NL Rey, N Reichenbach, JA Steiner, P Brundin α-synuclein: the long distance runner Brain Pathol 23 2013 350 357
25. H Hall, S Reyes, N Landeck et al. Hippocampal Lewy pathology and cholinergic dysfunction are associated with dementia in Parkinson's disease Brain 137 2014 2493 2508
26. J Horvath, FR Herrmann, PR Burkhard, C Bouras, E Kövari Neuropathology of dementia in a large cohort of patients with Parkinson's disease Parkinsonism Relat Disord 19 2013 864 868
27. GM Halliday, YJ Song, AJ Harding Striatal β-amyloid in dementia with Lewy bodies but not Parkinson's disease J Neural Transm 118 2011 713 719
28. DJ Irwin, VM Lee, JQ Trojanowski Parkinson's disease dementia: convergence of α-synuclein, tau and amyloid-β pathologies Nat Rev Neurosci 14 2013 626 636
29. KA Jellinger Prevalence and impact of cerebrovascular lesions in Alzheimer and Lewy body diseases Neurodegener Dis 7 2010 112 115
30. B Meeus, A Verstraeten, D Crosiers et al. DLB and PDD: a role for mutations in dementia and Parkinson disease genes? Neurobiol Aging 33 2012 e5 18
31. CH Hyun, CY Yoon, HJ Lee, SJ Lee LRRK2 as a potential genetic modifier of synucleinopathies: interlacing the two major genetic factors of Parkinson's disease Exp Neurobiol 22 2013 249 257
32. A Nervi, C Reitz, MX Tang et al. Familial aggregation of dementia with Lewy bodies Arch Neurol 68 2011 90 93
33. MA Nalls, R Duran, G Lopez et al. A multicenter study of glucocerebrosidase mutations in dementia with Lewy bodies JAMA Neurol 70 2013 727 735
34. J Bras, R Guerreiro, L Darwent et al. Genetic analysis implicates APOE, SNCA and suggests lysosomal dysfunction in the etiology of dementia with Lewy bodies Hum Mol Genet 23 2014 6139 6146
35. D Tsuang, JB Leverenz, OL Lopez et al. APOE ε4 increases risk for dementia in pure synucleinopathies JAMA Neurol 70 2013 223 228
36. G Berge, SB Sando, A Rongve, D Aarsland, LR White Apolipoprotein E ε2 genotype delays onset of dementia with Lewy bodies in a Norwegian cohort J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 85 2014 1227 1231
37. WR Gibb, AJ Lees The relevance of the Lewy body to the pathogenesis of idiopathic Parkinson's disease J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 51 1988 745 752
38. PT Nelson, GA Jicha, RJ Kryscio et al. Low sensitivity in clinical diagnoses of dementia with Lewy bodies J Neurol 257 2010 359 366
39. D Aarsland, A Rongve, SP Nore et al. Frequency and case identification of dementia with Lewy bodies using the revised consensus criteria Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 26 2008 445 452
40. P Tiraboschi, J Attems, A Thomas et al. Clinicians' ability to diagnose dementia with Lewy bodies is not affected by β-amyloid load Neurology 84 2015 496 499
41. D Aarsland, R Perry, JP Larsen et al. Neuroleptic sensitivity in Parkinson's disease and parkinsonian dementias J Clin Psychiatry 66 2005 633 637
42. DR Lee, JP Taylor, AJ Thomas Assessment of cognitive fluctuation in dementia: a systematic review of the literature Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 27 2012 989 998
43. DR Lee, I McKeith, U Mosimann et al. The dementia cognitive fluctuation scale, a new psychometric test for clinicians to identify cognitive fluctuations in people with dementia Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 22 2014 926 935
44. P Tiraboschi, DP Salmon, LA Hansen, RC Hofstetter, LJ Thal, J Corey-Bloom What best differentiates Lewy body from Alzheimer's disease in early-stage dementia? Brain 129 2006 729 735
45. Z Walker, E Jaros, RWH Walker et al. Dementia with Lewy bodies: a comparison of clinical diagnosis, FP-CIT single photon emission computed tomography imaging and autopsy J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 78 2007 1176 1181
46. D Aarsland, K Brønnick, JP Larsen, OB Tysnes, G Alves the Norwegian ParkWest Study Group Cognitive impairment in incident, untreated Parkinson disease: the Norwegian ParkWest study Neurology 72 2009 1121 1126
47. CC Janvin, JP Larsen, D Aarsland, K Hugdahl Subtypes of mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease: progression to dementia Mov Disord 21 2006 1343 1349
48. KT Olde Dubbelink, A Hillebrand, JW Twisk et al. Predicting dementia in Parkinson disease by combining neurophysiologic and cognitive markers Neurology 82 2014 263 270
49. H Fujishiro, S Nakamura, K Sato, E Iseki Prodromal dementia with Lewy bodies Geriatr Gerontol Int 15 2015 817 826
50. GE Smith, B Boeve, S Pankratz, K Jacobson, J Aakre, T Ferman Time course of diagnostic features of Lewy body disease Neurology 72 suppl 3 2009 A246
51. CR Jack Jr, DS Knopman, WJ Jagust et al. Hypothetical model of dynamic biomarkers of the Alzheimer's pathological cascade Lancet Neurol 9 2010 119 128
52. JA Fields, TJ Ferman, BF Boeve, GE Smith Neuropsychological assessment of patients with dementing illness Nat Rev Neurol 7 2011 677 687
53. TJ Ferman, GE Smith, K Kantarci et al. Nonamnestic mild cognitive impairment progresses to dementia with Lewy bodies Neurology 81 2013 2032 2038
54. CM Belden, V Kahlon, M Malek-Ahmadi, A Tsai, MN Sabbagh Clinical characterization of mild cognitive impairment as a prodrome to dementia with lewy bodies Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen 30 2015 173 177
55. L Bonanni, B Perfetti, S Bifolchetti et al. Quantitative electroencephalogram utility in predicting conversion of mild cognitive impairment to dementia with Lewy bodies Neurobiol Aging 36 2015 434 445
56. A Cagnin, C Bussè, N Jelcic, F Gnoato, M Mitolo, P Caffarra High specificity of MMSE pentagon scoring for diagnosis of prodromal dementia with Lewy bodies Parkinsonism Relat Disord 21 2015 303 305
57. CH Schenck, BF Boeve, MW Mahowald Delayed emergence of a parkinsonian disorder or dementia in 81% of older men initially diagnosed with idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder: a 16-year update on a previously reported series Sleep Med 14 2013 744 748
58. RB Postuma, JF Gagnon, A Pelletier, J Montplaisir Prodromal autonomic symptoms and signs in Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies Mov Disord 28 2013 597 604
59. E Vardy, R Holt, A Gerhard, A Richardson, J Snowden, D Neary History of a suspected delirium is more common in dementia with Lewy bodies than Alzheimer's disease: a retrospective study Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 29 2014 178 181
60. E Auning, A Rongve, T Fladby et al. Early and presenting symptoms of dementia with lewy bodies Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 32 2011 202 208
61. Y Chiba, H Fujishiro, E Iseki et al. Retrospective survey of prodromal symptoms in dementia with Lewy bodies: comparison with Alzheimer's disease Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 33 2012 273 281
62. BP Boot, CF Orr, JE Ahlskog et al. Risk factors for dementia with Lewy bodies: a case-control study Neurology 81 2013 833 840
63. ZS Nasreddine, NA Phillips, V Bédirian et al. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MoCA: a brief screening tool for mild cognitive impairment J Am Geriatr Soc 53 2005 695 699
64. J Pagonabarraga, J Kulisevsky, G Llebaria, C García-Sánchez, B Pascual-Sedano, A Gironell Parkinson's disease-cognitive rating scale: a new cognitive scale specific for Parkinson's disease Mov Disord 23 2008 998 1005
65. E Kalbe, P Calabrese, N Kohn et al. Screening for cognitive deficits in Parkinson's disease with the Parkinson neuropsychometric dementia assessment (PANDA) instrument Parkinsonism Relat Disord 14 2008 93 101
66. J Marinus, M Visser, NA Verwey et al. Assessment of cognition in Parkinson's disease Neurology 61 2003 1222 1228
67. EK Warrington, M James The Visual Object and Space Perception Battery 1991 Thames Valley Test Company Bury St Edmunds, England
68. AL Benton, NR Varney, KD Hamsher Visuospatial judgment. A clinical test Arch Neurol 35 1978 364 367
69. RK Heaton, GJ Chelune, JL Talley, GG Kay, G Curtiss Wisconsin Card Sorting Test manual: revised and expanded 1993 Psychological Assessment Resources Odessa, FL
70. NT Bott, ET Johnson, N Schuff et al. Sensitive measures of executive dysfunction in non-demented Parkinson's disease Parkinsonism Relat Disord 20 2014 1430 1433
71. RM Reitan, D Wolfson The Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery: therapy and clinical interpretation 1985 Neuropsychological Press Tuscon
72. MD Lezak, DB Howieson, ED Bigler, D Tranel Neuropsychological Assessment 5th ed. 2012 OUP USA Oxford, NY
73. A Rey L'examen psychologique dans les cas d'encephalopathie tramatique Arch Psychol 28 1941 286 340
74. DC Delis, JH Kramer, E Kaplan, BA Ober California Verbal Learning Test 2nd edn. 2000 The Psychological Corporation San Antonio
75. H Buschke, MJ Sliwinski, G Kuslansky, RB Lipton Diagnosis of early dementia by the Double Memory Test: encoding specificity improves diagnostic sensitivity and specificity Neurology 48 1997 989 997
76. R Benedict Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised professional manual 1997 Psychological Assessment Resources Odessa, FL
77. K Rascovsky, JR Hodges, D Knopman et al. Sensitivity of revised diagnostic criteria for the behavioural variant of frontotemporal dementia Brain 134 2011 2456 2477
78. JM Hamilton, KM Landy, DP Salmon, LA Hansen, E Masliah, D Galasko Early visuospatial deficits predict the occurrence of visual hallucinations in autopsy-confirmed dementia with Lewy bodies Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 20 2012 773 781
79. D Aarsland, K Bronnick, C Williams-Gray et al. Mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson disease: a multicenter pooled analysis Neurology 75 2010 1062 1069
80. AA Kehagia, RA Barker, TW Robbins Neuropsychological and clinical heterogeneity of cognitive impairment and dementia in patients with Parkinson's disease Lancet Neurol 9 2010 1200 1213
81. K Bronnick, U Ehrt, M Emre et al. Attentional deficits affect activities of daily living in dementia-associated with Parkinson's disease J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 77 2006 1136 1142
82. A Nervi, C Reitz, MX Tang et al. Comparison of clinical manifestations in Alzheimer disease and dementia with Lewy bodies Arch Neurol 65 2008 1634 1639
83. H Yoshizawa, JP Vonsattel, LS Honig Early neuropsychological discriminants for Lewy body disease: an autopsy series J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 84 2013 1326 1330
84. JA Schneider, Z Arvanitakis, L Yu, PA Boyle, SE Leurgans, DA Bennett Cognitive impairment, decline and fluctuations in older community-dwelling subjects with Lewy bodies Brain 135 2012 3005 3014
85. N Malek, D Swallow, KA Grosset, O Anichtchik, M Spillantini, DG Grosset Alpha-synuclein in peripheral tissues and body fluids as a biomarker for Parkinson's disease - a systematic review Acta Neurol Scand 130 2014 59 72
86. X Lim, JM Yeo, A Green, S Pal The diagnostic utility of cerebrospinal fluid alpha-synuclein analysis in dementia with Lewy bodies - a systematic review and meta-analysis Parkinsonism Relat Disord 19 2013 851 858
87. T Stewart, C Liu, C Ginghina the Parkinson Study Group DATATOP Investigators Cerebrospinal fluid α-synuclein predicts cognitive decline in Parkinson disease progression in the DATATOP cohort Am J Pathol 184 2014 966 975
88. H Brunnström, O Hansson, H Zetterberg, E Londos, E Englund Correlations of CSF tau and amyloid levels with Alzheimer pathology in neuropathologically verified dementia with Lewy bodies Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 28 2013 738 744
89. B Mollenhauer, C Trenkwalder, N von Ahsen et al. Beta-amlyoid 1-42 and tau-protein in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Parkinson's disease dementia Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 22 2006 200 208
90. A Siderowf, SX Xie, H Hurtig et al. CSF amyloid beta 1-42 predicts cognitive decline in Parkinson disease Neurology 75 2010 1055 1061
91. G Alves, J Lange, K Blennow et al. CSF Aβ42 predicts early-onset dementia in Parkinson disease Neurology 82 2014 1784 1790
92. AS Chen-Plotkin, WT Hu, A Siderowf et al. Plasma epidermal growth factor levels predict cognitive decline in Parkinson disease Ann Neurol 69 2011 655 663
93. BT Klassen, JG Hentz, HA Shill et al. Quantitative EEG as a predictive biomarker for Parkinson disease dementia Neurology 77 2011 118 124
94. C Micanovic, S Pal The diagnostic utility of EEG in early-onset dementia: a systematic review of the literature with narrative analysis J Neural Transm 121 2014 59 69
95. L Bonanni, A Thomas, P Tiraboschi, B Perfetti, S Varanese, M Onofrj EEG comparisons in early Alzheimer's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson's disease with dementia patients with a 2-year follow-up Brain 131 2008 690 705
96. M Filippi, F Agosta, F Barkhof the European Federation of the Neurologic Societies EFNS task force: the use of neuroimaging in the diagnosis of dementia Eur J Neurol 19 2012 e131 e140 1487-501.
97. Z Nedelska, TJ Ferman, BF Boeve et al. Pattern of brain atrophy rates in autopsy-confirmed dementia with Lewy bodies Neurobiol Aging 36 2015 452 461
98. LC Silbert, J Kaye Neuroimaging and cognition in Parkinson's disease dementia Brain Pathol 20 2010 646 653
99. Z Nedelska, CG Schwarz, BF Boeve et al. White matter integrity in dementia with Lewy bodies: a voxel-based analysis of diffusion tensor imaging Neurobiol Aging 36 2015 2010 2017
100. JP Taylor, J O'Brien Neuroimaging of dementia with Lewy bodies Neuroimaging Clin N Am 22 2012 67 81
101. P Donaghy, AJ Thomas, JT O'Brien Amyloid PET Imaging in Lewy body disorders Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 23 2015 23 37
102. M Petrou, BA Dwamena, BR Foerster et al. Amyloid deposition in Parkinson's disease and cognitive impairment: A systematic review Mov Disord 30 2015 928 935
103. S Minoshima, NL Foster, AAF Sima, KA Frey, RL Albin, DE Kuhl Alzheimer's disease versus dementia with Lewy bodies: cerebral metabolic distinction with autopsy confirmation Ann Neurol 50 2001 358 365
104. LK Teune, AL Bartels, BM de Jong et al. Typical cerebral metabolic patterns in neurodegenerative brain diseases Mov Disord 25 2010 2395 2404
105. K Kantarci, VJ Lowe, BF Boeve et al. Multimodality imaging characteristics of dementia with Lewy bodies Neurobiol Aging 33 2012 2091 2105
106. RJ Cordery, PJ Tyrrell, PL Lantos, MN Rossor Dementia with Lewy bodies studied with positron emission tomography Arch Neurol 58 2001 505 508
107. J Graff-Radford, ME Murray, VJ Lowe et al. Dementia with Lewy bodies: basis of cingulate island sign Neurology 83 2014 801 809
108. SM Lim, A Katsifis, VL Villemagne et al. The 18F-FDG PET cingulate island sign and comparison to 123I-beta-CIT SPECT for diagnosis of dementia with Lewy bodies J Nucl Med 50 2009 1638 1645
109. P Jokinen, N Scheinin, S Aalto et al. [(11)C]PIB-, [(18)F]FDG-PET and MRI imaging in patients with Parkinson's disease with and without dementia Parkinsonism Relat Disord 16 2010 666 670
110. AE King, J Mintz, DR Royall Meta-analysis of 123I-MIBG cardiac scintigraphy for the diagnosis of Lewy body-related disorders Mov Disord 26 2011 1218 1224
111. M Yoshita, H Arai, H Arai et al. Diagnostic accuracy of 123I-meta-iodobenzylguanidine myocardial scintigraphy in dementia with Lewy bodies: a multicenter study PLoS One 10 2015 e0120540
112. JT O'Brien, IG McKeith, Z Walker the DLB Study Group Diagnostic accuracy of 123I-FP-CIT SPECT in possible dementia with Lewy bodies Br J Psychiatry 194 2009 34 39
113. RWH Walker, Z Walker Dopamine transporter single photon emission computerized tomography in the diagnosis of dementia with Lewy bodies Mov Disord 24 suppl 2 2009 S754 S759
114. Z Walker, E Moreno, A Thomas the DaTSCAN DLB Phase 4 Study Group Clinical usefulness of dopamine transporter SPECT imaging with 123I-FP-CIT in patients with possible dementia with Lewy bodies: randomised study Br J Psychiatry 206 2015 145 152
115. ND Papathanasiou, A Boutsiadis, J Dickson, JB Bomanji Diagnostic accuracy of 123I-FP-CIT (DaTSCAN) in dementia with Lewy bodies: a meta-analysis of published studies Parkinsonism Relat Disord 18 2012 225 229
116. J McCleery, S Morgan, KM Bradley, AH Noel-Storr, O Ansorge, C Hyde Dopamine transporter imaging for the diagnosis of dementia with Lewy bodies Cochrane Database Syst Rev 1 2015 CD010633.
117. S Morgan, P Kemp, J Booij et al. Differentiation of frontotemporal dementia from dementia with Lewy bodies using FP-CIT SPECT J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 83 2012 1063 1070
118. K Kantarci, C Yang, JA Schneider et al. Antemortem amyloid imaging and β-amyloid pathology in a case with dementia with Lewy bodies Neurobiol Aging 33 2012 878 885
119. EJ Olson, BF Boeve, MH Silber Rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder: demographic, clinical and laboratory findings in 93 cases Brain 123 2000 331 339
120. CH Schenck, MW Mahowald REM sleep behavior disorder: clinical, developmental, and neuroscience perspectives 16 years after its formal identification in SLEEP Sleep 25 2002 120 138
121. BF Boeve, JR Molano, TJ Ferman et al. Validation of the Mayo Sleep Questionnaire to screen for REM sleep behavior disorder in an aging and dementia cohort Sleep Med 12 2011 445 453
122. BF Boeve, MH Silber, TJ Ferman et al. Clinicopathologic correlations in 172 cases of rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder with or without a coexisting neurologic disorder Sleep Med 14 2013 754 762
123. MJ Howell, CH Schenck Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder and neurodegenerative disease JAMA Neurol 72 2015 707 712
124. A Iranzo, A Fernández-Arcos, E Tolosa et al. Neurodegenerative disorder risk in idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder: study in 174 patients PLoS One 9 2014 e89741
125. RB Postuma, JF Gagnon, JA Bertrand, D Génier Marchand, JY Montplaisir Parkinson risk in idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder: preparing for neuroprotective trials Neurology 84 2015 1104 1113
126. H Braak, E Ghebremedhin, U Rüb, H Bratzke, K Del Tredici Stages in the development of Parkinson's disease-related pathology Cell Tissue Res 318 2004 121 134
127. BF Boeve REM sleep behavior disorder: Updated review of the core features, the REM sleep behavior disorder-neurodegenerative disease association, evolving concepts, controversies, and future directions Ann N Y Acad Sci 1184 2010 15 54
128. BF Boeve Idiopathic REM sleep behaviour disorder in the development of Parkinson's disease Lancet Neurol 12 2013 469 482
129. BP Boot, EM McDade, SM McGinnis, BF Boeve Treatment of dementia with lewy bodies Curr Treat Options Neurol 15 2013 738 764
130. K Seppi, D Weintraub, M Coelho et al. The Movement Disorder Society Evidence-Based Medicine Review Update: Treatments for the non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease Mov Disord 26 suppl 3 2011 S42 S80
131. C Ballard, D Aarsland, P Francis, A Corbett Neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with dementias associated with cortical Lewy bodies: pathophysiology, clinical features, and pharmacological management Drugs Aging 30 2013 603 611
132. M Rolinski, C Fox, I Maidment, R McShane Cholinesterase inhibitors for dementia with Lewy bodies, Parkinson's disease dementia and cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease Cochrane Database Syst Rev 3 2012 CD006504.
133. HF Wang, JT Yu, SW Tang et al. Efficacy and safety of cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine in cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease, Parkinson's disease dementia, and dementia with Lewy bodies: systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 86 2015 135 143
134. M Emre, D Aarsland, A Albanese et al. Rivastigmine for dementia associated with Parkinson's disease N Engl J Med 351 2004 2509 2518
135. B Dubois, E Tolosa, R Katzenschlager et al. Donepezil in Parkinson's disease dementia: a randomized, double-blind efficacy and safety study Mov Disord 27 2012 1230 1238
136. I McKeith, T Del Ser, P Spano et al. Efficacy of rivastigmine in dementia with Lewy bodies: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled international study Lancet 356 2000 2031 2036
137. E Mori, M Ikeda, K Kosaka the Donepezil-DLB Study Investigators Donepezil for dementia with Lewy bodies: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial Ann Neurol 72 2012 41 52
138. M Ikeda, E Mori, K Matsuo, M Nakagawa, K Kosaka Donepezil for dementia with Lewy bodies: a randomized, placebo-controlled, confirmatory phase III trial Alzheimers Res Ther 7 2015 4
139. M Ikeda, E Mori, K Kosaka the Donepezil-DLB Study Investigators Long-term safety and efficacy of donepezil in patients with dementia with Lewy bodies: results from a 52-week, open-label, multicenter extension study Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 36 2013 229 241
140. E Mori, M Ikeda, R Nagai, K Matsuo, M Nakagawa, K Kosaka Long-term donepezil use for dementia with Lewy bodies: results from an open-label extension of Phase III trial Alzheimers Res Ther 7 2015 5
141. D Aarsland, C Ballard, Z Walker et al. Memantine in patients with Parkinson's disease dementia or dementia with Lewy bodies: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial Lancet Neurol 8 2009 613 618
142. M Emre, M Tsolaki, U Bonuccelli the 11018 Study Investigators Memantine for patients with Parkinson's disease dementia or dementia with Lewy bodies: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial Lancet Neurol 9 2010 969 977
143. V Larsson, D Aarsland, C Ballard, L Minthon, E Londos The effect of memantine on sleep behaviour in dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson's disease dementia Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 25 2010 1030 1038
144. S Matsunaga, T Kishi, N Iwata Memantine for Lewy body disorders: systematic review and meta-analysis Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 23 2015 373 383
145. K Stubendorff, V Larsson, C Ballard, L Minthon, D Aarsland, E Londos Treatment effect of memantine on survival in dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson's disease with dementia: a prospective study BMJ Open 4 2014 e005158
146. P Pollak, F Tison, O Rascol et al. Clozapine in drug induced psychosis in Parkinson's disease: a randomised, placebo controlled study with open follow up J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 75 2004 689 695
147. The French Parkinson Study Group Clozapine in drug-induced psychosis in Parkinson's disease Lancet 353 1999 2041 2042
148. The Parkinson Study Group Low-dose clozapine for the treatment of drug-induced psychosis in Parkinson's disease N Engl J Med 340 1999 757 763
149. R Kurlan, J Cummings, R Raman, L Thal the Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study Group Quetiapine for agitation or psychosis in patients with dementia and parkinsonism Neurology 68 2007 1356 1363
150. J Cummings, S Isaacson, R Mills et al. Pimavanserin for patients with Parkinson's disease psychosis: a randomised, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial Lancet 383 2014 533 540
151. D Burn, M Emre, I McKeith et al. Effects of rivastigmine in patients with and without visual hallucinations in dementia associated with Parkinson's disease Mov Disord 21 2006 1899 1907
152. IH Richard, MP McDermott, R Kurlan the SAD-PD Study Group A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of antidepressants in Parkinson disease Neurology 78 2012 1229 1236
153. C Ballard, Z Kahn, A Corbett Treatment of dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson's disease dementia Drugs Aging 28 2011 769 777
154. SJ McCarter, CL Boswell, EK St Louis et al. Treatment outcomes in REM sleep behavior disorder Sleep Med 14 2013 237 242
155. RD Dobkin, M Menza, LA Allen et al. Cognitive-behavioral therapy for depression in Parkinson's disease: a randomized, controlled trial Am J Psychiatry 168 2011 1066 1074
156. KM Al-Mansoori, MY Hasan, A Al-Hayani, OM El-Agnaf The role of α-synuclein in neurodegenerative diseases: from molecular pathways in disease to therapeutic approaches Curr Alzheimer Res 10 2013 559 568
157. DR Jones, S Moussaud, P McLean Targeting heat shock proteins to modulate α-synuclein toxicity Ther Adv Neurol Disord 7 2014 33 51
158. X Fan, WY Jin, J Lu, J Wang, YT Wang Rapid and reversible knockdown of endogenous proteins by peptide-directed lysosomal degradation Nat Neurosci 17 2014 471 480
159. MB Youdim, YJ Oh Promise of neurorestoration and mitochondrial biogenesis in Parkinson's disease with multi target drugs: an alternative to stem cell therapy Exp Neurobiol 22 2013 167 172
160. F Stocchi, CW Olanow Obstacles to the development of a neuroprotective therapy for Parkinson's disease Mov Disord 28 2013 3 7
161. PS Sachdev, D Blacker, DG Blazer et al. Classifying neurocognitive disorders: the DSM-5 approach Nat Rev Neurol 10 2014 634 642
162. TJ Montine, WJ Koroshetz, D Babcock the ADRD 2013 Conference Organizing Committee Recommendations of the Alzheimer's disease-related dementias conference Neurology 83 2014 851 860
163. JK Qiang, YC Wong, A Siderowf et al. Plasma apolipoprotein A1 as a biomarker for Parkinson disease Ann Neurol 74 2013 119 127
164. HJ Lee, EJ Bae, SJ Lee Extracellular α-synuclein-a novel and crucial factor in Lewy body diseases Nat Rev Neurol 10 2014 92 98
165. E Masliah, E Rockenstein, M Mante et al. Passive immunization reduces behavioral and neuropathological deficits in an alpha-synuclein transgenic model of Lewy body disease PLoS One 6 2011 e19338