Event system theory: An event-oriented approach to the organizational sciences

Academy of Management Review

Volumn 40, Issue 4, 2015, Pages 515-537

  Morgeson, Frederick P ^a   Mitchell, Terence R ^b   Liu, Dong ^c  

^a MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

^c GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84942927405     PISSN: 03637425     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5465/amr.2012.0099     Document Type: Article

References (120)

1. Abbott, A. 1984. Event sequence and event duration: Colligation and measurement. Historical Methods, 17: 192-204.
2. Ahrne, G. 1994. Social organizations: Interaction inside, outside and between organizations. London: Sage.
3. Allen, N. J., & Meyer, J. P. 1993. Organizational commitment: Evidence of career stage effects? Journal of Business Research, 26: 49-61.
4. Allport, F. H. 1940. An event-system theory of collective action: With illustrations from economic and political phenomena and the production of war. Journal of Social Psychology, 11: 417-445.
5. Allport, F. H. 1954. The structuring of events: Outline of a general theory with applications to psychology. Psychological Review, 61: 281-303.
6. Allport, F. H. 1967. A theory of enestruence (event-structure theory): Report of progress. American Psychologist, 22: 1-24.
7. Ariely, D. 1998. Combining experiences over time: The effects of duration, intensity changes and on-line measurements on retrospective pain evaluations. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 11: 19-45.
8. Ariely, D., & Carmon, Z. 2003. Summary assessment of experiences: The whole is different from the sum of its parts. In G. Loewenstein, D. Read, & R. F. Baumeister (Eds.), Time and decision: Economic and psychological perspectives on intertemporal choice: 323-349. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
9. Armenakis, A. A., & Bedeian, A. G. 1999. Organizational change: A review of theory and research in the 1990s. Journal of Management, 25: 293-315.
10. Armenakis, A. A., & Harris, S. G. 2009. Reflections: Our journey in organizational change research and practice. Journal of Change Management, 9: 127-142.
11. Aspinwall, L. G., & Taylor, S. E. 1997. A stitch in time: Selfregulation and proactive coping. Psychological Bulletin, 121: 417-436.
12. Aurelius, M. 167. The meditations of Marcus Aurelius. (Translated by G. Long.) Google eBook.
13. Avolio, B. J., & Hannah, S. T. 2008. Developmental readiness: Accelerating leader development. Consulting Psychology Journal: Practice and Research, 60: 331-347.
14. Ballinger, G. A., & Rockmann, K. W. 2010. Chutes versus ladders: Anchoring events and a punctuated-equilibrium perspective on social exchange relationships. Academy of Management Review, 35: 373-391.
15. Bargh, J. A. 1994. The four horsemen of automaticity: Awareness, intention, efficiency, and control in social cognition. In R. S. Wyer Jr. & T. K. Srull (Eds.), Handbook of social cognition: 1-40. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
16. Barley, S. R. 1986. Technology as an occasion for structuring: Evidence from observations of CT scanners and the social order of radiology departments. Administrative Science Quarterly, 31: 78-108.
17. Basch, J., & Fisher, C. D. 1998. Affective events-emotions matrix: A classification of work events and associated emotions. Paper presented at the First Emotions in Organizational Life Conference, San Diego.
18. Bechky, B. A., & Okhuysen, G. A. 2011. Expecting the unexpected? How SWAT officers and film crews handle surprises. Academy of Management Journal, 54: 239-261.
19. Berrien, F. K. 1961. Homeostasis theory of groups: Implications for leadership. In L. Petrullo & B. M. Bass (Eds.), Leadership and interpersonal behavior: 82-99. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
20. Blatt, R., Christianson, M. K., Sutcliffe, K.M., & Rosenthal, M. M. 2006. A sensemaking lens on reliability. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 27: 897-917.
21. Burkhardt, M. E., & Brass, D. J. 1990. Changing patterns or patterns of change: The effects of a change in technology on social network structure and power. Administrative Science Quarterly, 35: 104-127.
22. Chen, G., & Kanfer, R. 2006. Toward a systems theory of motivated behavior in work teams. Research in Organizational Behavior, 27: 223-267.
23. Cornelissen, J. P. 2012. Sensemaking under pressure: The influence of professional roles and social accountability on the creation of sense. Organization Science, 23: 118-137.
24. Dewey, J. 1929. Experience and nature. New York: Dover.
25. Dohrenwend, B. P., Raphael, K. G., Schwartz, S., Stueve, A., & Skodol, A. 1993. The structured event probe and narrative rating method for measuring stressful life events. In L. Goldberger & S. Breznitz (Eds.), Handbook of stress: Theoretical and clinical aspects (2nd ed.): 174-199. New York: Free Press.
26. Edwards, J. R. 2008. Person-environment fit in organizations: An assessment of theoretical progress. Academy of Management Annals, 2: 167-230.
27. Elsbach, K. D., & Kramer, R. M. 1996. Members' responses to organizational identity threats: Encountering and countering the Business Week rankings. Administrative Science Quarterly, 41: 442-476.
28. Evans, J. S. B.T., & Stanovich, K. E. 2013. Dual-process theories of higher cognition: Advancing the debate. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 8: 223-241.
29. Felps,W.,Mitchell,T.R.,Hekman, D.R.,Lee,T.W., Holtom,B.C., & Harman,W. S. 2009. Turnover contagion: Howcoworkers' job embeddedness and job search behaviors influence quitting. Academy of Management Journal, 52: 545-561.
30. Flanagan, J. C. 1954. The critical incident technique. Psychological Bulletin, 51: 327-358.
31. Fligstein, N. 1991. The structural transformation of American industry: An institutional account of the causes of diversification in the largest firms, 1919-1979. In W. W. Powell & P. J. DiMaggio (Eds.), The new institutionalism in organizational analysis: 311-336. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
32. Fox-Wolfgramm, S. J., Boal, K. B., & Hunt, J. G. 1998. Organizational adaptation to institutional change: A comparative study of first-order change in prospector and defender banks. Administrative Science Quarterly, 43: 87-126.
33. Gersick, C. J. G. 1988. Time and transition in work teams: Toward a new model of group development. Academy of Management Journal, 31: 9-41.
34. Gersick, C. J. G. 1991. Revolutionary change theories: A multilevel exploration of the punctuated equilibrium paradigm. Academy of Management Review, 16: 10-36.
35. Gersick, C. J. G., & Hackman, J. R. 1990. Habitual routines in task-performing groups. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 47: 65-97.
36. Gioia, D. A., & Thomas, J. B. 1996. Identity, image, and issue interpretation: Sensemaking during strategic change in academia. Administrative Science Quarterly, 41: 370-403.
37. Gioia, D. A., Thomas, J. B., Clark, S. M., & Chittipeddi, K. 1994. Symbolism and strategic change in academia: The dynamics of sensemaking and influence. Organization Science, 5: 363-383.
38. Hannigan, J. A. 1995. Environmental sociology: A social constructionist perspective. Abingdon, UK: Routledge.
39. Hausknecht, J. P., Sturman, M. C., & Roberson, Q. M. 2011. Justice as a dynamic construct: Effects of individual trajectories on distal work outcomes. Journal of Applied Psychology, 96: 872-880.
40. Hektner, J. M., Schmidt, J. A., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. 2007. Experience sampling method: Measuring the quality of everyday life. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
41. Hermann, C. F. 1963. Some consequences of crisis which limit the viability of organizations. Administrative Science Quarterly, 8: 61-82.
42. Hinds, P., & Kiesler, S. 1995. Communication across boundaries: Work, structure, and use of communication technologies in a large organization. Organization Science, 6: 373-393.
43. Hitt, M. A., Beamish, P. W., Jackson, S. E., & Mathieu, J. E. 2007. Building theoretical and empirical bridges across levels: Multilevel research in management. Academy of Management Journal, 50: 1385-1399.
44. Hoffman, A. J. 1999. Institutional evolution and change: Environmentalism and the U.S. chemical industry. Academy of Management Journal, 42: 351-371.
45. Hoffman, A. J., & Ocasio, W. 2001. Not all events are attended equally: Toward a middle-range theory of industry attention to external events. Organization Science, 12: 414-434.
46. Holmes, T. H., & Rahe, R. H. 1967. The social readjustment rating scale. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 11: 213-218.
47. Humphrey, S. E., Morgeson, F. P., & Mannor, M. J. 2009. Developing a theory of the strategic core of teams: A role composition model of team performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 94: 48-61.
48. Humphrey, S. E., Nahrgang, J. D., & Morgeson, F. P. 2007. Integrating motivational, social, and contextual work design features: A meta-analytic summary and theoretical extension of the work design literature. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92: 1332-1356.
49. Ilies, R., Keeney, J., & Scott, B. A. 2011. Work-family interpersonal capitalization: Sharing positive work events at home. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 114: 115-126.
50. Ipe, M. 2003. Knowledge sharing in organizations: A conceptual framework. Human Resource Development Review, 2: 337-359.
51. Isabella, L. A. 1990. Evolving interpretations as a change unfolds: How managers construe key organizational events. Academy of Management Journal, 33: 7-41.
52. Johns, G. 2006. The essential impact of context on organizational behavior. Academy of Management Review, 31: 386-408.
53. Kahneman, D. 2003. A perspective on judgment and choice: Mapping bounded rationality. American Psychologist, 58: 697-720.
54. Kahneman, D. 2011. Thinking, fast and slow. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
55. Katz, D., & Kahn, R. L. 1978. The social psychology of organizations (2nd ed.). New York: Wiley.
56. Kozlowski, S. W. J., & Klein, K. J. 2000. A multilevel approach to theory and research in organizations: Contextual, temporal, and emergent processes. In K. J. Klein & S.W. J. Kozlowski (Eds.), Multilevel theory, research, and methods in organizations: 3-90. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
57. Langley, A. 1999. Strategies for theorizing from process data. Academy of Management Review, 24: 691-710.
58. Langley, A., Smallman, C., Tsoukas, H., & Van de Ven, A. H. 2013. Process studies of change in organization and management: Unveiling temporality, activity, and flow. Academy of Management Journal, 56: 1-13.
59. Langston, C. A. 1994. Capitalizing on and coping with dailylife events: Expressive responses to positive events. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67: 1112-1125.
60. Latané, B., & Darley, J. M. 1969. Bystander "apathy." American Scientist, 57: 244-268.
61. Lavallee, L. F., & Campbell, J. D. 1995. Impact of personal goals on self-regulation processes elicited by daily negative events. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69: 341-352.
62. Lee, T. W., & Mitchell, T. R. 1994. An alternative approach: The unfolding model of voluntary employee turnover. Academy of Management Review, 19: 51-89.
63. Lewin, K. 1947. Frontiers in group dynamics: Concept, method and reality in social science; social equilibria and social change. Human Relations, 1: 5-41.
64. Ligon, G. S., Hunter, S. T., & Mumford, M. D. 2008. Development of outstanding leadership: A life narrative approach. Leadership Quarterly, 19: 312-334.
65. Liu, D., Kwan, H. K., & Fisher, G. 2014. Founders' core selfevaluations and new venture performance: A longitudinal multilevel examination. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Academy of Management, Philadelphia.
66. Liu, D., Mitchell, T. R., Lee, T. W., Holtom, B. C., & Hinkin, T. R. 2012. When employees are out of step with coworkers: How job satisfaction trajectory and dispersion influence individual- and unit-level voluntary turnover. Academy of Management Journal, 55: 1360-1380.
67. Louis, M. R. 1980. Surprise and sense making: What newcomers experience in entering unfamiliar organizational settings. Administrative Science Quarterly, 25: 226-251.
68. Louis, M. R., & Sutton, R. I. 1991. Switching cognitive gears: From habits of mind to active thinking. Human Relations, 44: 55-76.
69. Luenberger, D. G. 1979. Introduction to dynamic systems: Theory, models, and applications. New York: Wiley.
70. Maitlis, S. 2005. The social processes of organizational sensemaking. Academy of Management Journal, 48: 21-49.
71. McAdams, D. P., & Bowman, P. J. 2001. Narrating life's turning points: Redemption and contamination. In D. P. McAdams, R. Josselson, & A. Lieblich (Eds.), Turns in the road: Narrative studies of lives in transition: 3-34. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
72. Meyer, A. D. 1982. Adapting to environmental jolts. Administrative Science Quarterly, 27: 515-537.
73. Mignonac, K., & Herrbach, O. 2004. Linking work events, affective states, and attitudes: An empirical study of managers' emotions. Journal of Business and Psychology, 19: 221-240.
74. Miller, E. J., & Rice, A. K. 2013. Systems of organization: The control of task and sentient boundaries. Abingdon, UK: Routledge.
75. Mischel, W. 1969. Continuity and change in personality. American Psychologist, 24: 1012-1018.
76. Mohr, L. B. 1982. Explaining organizational behavior: The limits and possibilities of theory and research. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
77. Monin, P., Noorderhaven, N., Vaara, E., & Kroon, D. 2013. Giving sense to and making sense of justice in postmerger integration. Academy of Management Journal, 56: 256-284.
78. Morgeson, F. P. 2005. The external leadership of selfmanaging teams: Intervening in the context of novel and disruptive events. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90: 497-508.
79. Morgeson, F. P., & DeRue, D. S. 2006. Event criticality, urgency, and duration: Understanding how events disrupt teams and influence team leader intervention. Leadership Quarterly, 17: 271-287.
80. Morgeson, F. P., & Hofmann, D. A. 1999. The structure and function of collective constructs: Implications for multilevel research and theory development. Academy of Management Review, 24: 249-265.
81. Mowday, R. T., & Sutton, R. I. 1993. Organizational behavior: Linking individuals and groups to organizational contexts. Annual Review of Psychology, 44: 195-229.
82. Nigam, A., & Ocasio, W. 2010. Event attention, environmental sensemaking, and change in institutional logics: An inductive analysis of the effects of public attention to Clinton's health care reform initiative. Organization Science, 21: 823-841.
83. O'Boyle, E., Jr., & Aguinis, H. 2012. The best and the rest: Revisiting the norm of normality of individual performance. Personnel Psychology, 65: 79-119.
84. Orbuch, T. L. 1997. People's accounts count: The sociology of accounts. Annual Review of Sociology, 23: 455-478.
85. Patriotta, G. 2003. Sensemaking on the shop floor: Narratives of knowledge in organizations. Journal of Management Studies, 40: 349-375.
86. Patton, M. Q. 2010. Developmental evaluation: Applying complexity concepts to enhance innovation and use. New York: Guilford Press.
87. Pentland, B. T. 1999. Building process theory with narrative: From description to explanation. Academy of Management Review, 24: 711-724.
88. Pepper, S. C. 1948. World hypotheses: A study in evidence. Berkeley: University of California Press.
89. Perkins, D. V. 1982. The assessment of stress using life event scales. In L. Goldberger & S. Breznitz (Eds.), Handbook of stress: Theoretical and clinical aspects: 320-331. New York: Free Press.
90. Peterson, M. F. 1998. Embedded organizational events: The units of process in organization science. Organization Science, 9: 16-33.
91. Petty, R. E., & Cacioppo, J. T. 1986. The elaboration likelihood model of persuasion. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 19: 123-205.
92. Pillemer, D. B. 2001. Momentous events and the life story. Review of General Psychology, 5: 123-134.
93. Pirola-Merlo, A., Härtel, C., Mann, L., & Hirst, G. 2002. How leaders influence the impact of affective events on team climate and performance in R&D teams. Leadership Quarterly, 13: 561-581.
94. Quinn, R. E., & Cameron, K. 1983. Organizational life cycles and shifting criteria of effectiveness: Some preliminary evidence. Management Science, 29: 33-51.
95. Rescher, N. 1962. The revolt against process. Journal of Philosophy, 59: 410-417.
96. Rescher, N. 1996. Process metaphysics: An introduction to process philosophy. Albany: State University of New York Press.
97. Rice, A. L. 2013. The enterprise and its environment: A system theory of management organization. Abingdon, UK: Routledge.
98. Rice, R. E., & Aydin, C. 1991. Attitudes toward new organizational technology: Network proximity as a mechanism for social information processing. Administrative Science Quarterly, 36: 219-244.
99. Rousseau, D. M., & Fried, Y. 2001. Location, location, location: Contextualizing organizational research. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 22: 1-13.
100. Rupp, D. E., & Paddock, E. L. 2010. From justice events to justice climate: A multi-level temporal model of information aggregation and judgment. Research on Managing Groups and Teams, 13: 245-273.
101. Schneider, W., & Shiffrin, R. M. 1977. Controlled and automatic human information processing: I. Detection, search, and attention. Psychological Review, 84: 1-66.
102. Shane, S., & Venkataraman, S. 2000. The promise of entrepreneurship as a field of research. Academy of Management Review, 25: 217-226.
103. Shipp, A. J., & Jansen, K. J. 2011. Reinterpreting time in fit theory: Crafting and recrafting narratives of fit in medias res. Academy of Management Review, 36: 76-101.
104. Smith, K. G., Mitchell, T. R., & Summer, C. E. 1985. Top level management priorities in different stages of the organizational life cycle. Academy of Management Journal, 28: 799-820.
105. Sonenshein, S. 2007. The role of construction, intuition, and justification in responding to ethical issues at work: The sensemaking-intuition model. Academy of Management Review, 32: 1022-1040.
106. Staw, B. M., Sandelands, L. E., & Dutton, J. E. 1981. Threatrigidity effects in organizational behavior: A multilevel analysis. Administrative Science Quarterly, 26: 501-524.
107. Stigliani, I., & Ravasi, D. 2012. Organizing thoughts and connecting brains: Material practices and the transition from individual to group-level prospective sensemaking. Academy of Management Journal, 55: 1232-1259.
108. Tilcsik, A., & Marquis, C. 2013. Punctuated generosity: How mega-events and natural disasters affect corporate philanthropy in U.S. communities. Administrative Science Quarterly, 58: 111-148.
109. Trope, Y., & Liberman, N. 2003. Temporal construal. Psychological Review, 110: 403-421.
110. Tuckman, B. W. 1965. Developmental sequence in small groups. Psychological Bulletin, 63: 384-399.
111. Tuckman, B. W., & Jensen, M. A. C. 1977. Stages of small-group development revisited. Group and Organization Studies, 2: 419-427.
112. Vaara, E. 2003. Post-acquisition integration as sensemaking: Glimpses of ambiguity, confusion, hypocrisy, and politicization. Journal of Management Studies, 40: 859-894.
113. von Bertalanffy, L. 1950. An outline of general system theory. British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, 1: 134-165.
114. Weick, K. E. 1979. The social psychology of organizing. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
115. Weick, K. E. 1987. Organizational culture as a source of high reliability. California Management Review, 29(2): 112-127.
116. Weick, K. E. 1988. Enacted sensemaking in crisis situations. Journal of Management Studies, 25: 305-317.
117. Weick, K. E. 1995. Sensemaking in organizations. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
118. Weiss, H. M., & Cropanzano, R. 1996. Affective events theory: A theoretical discussion of the structure, causes and consequences of affective experiences at work. Research in Organizational Behavior, 18: 1-74.
119. Weiss, H. M., Suckow, K., & Cropanzano, R. 1999. Effects of justice conditions on discrete emotions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 84: 786-794.
120. Zellmer-Bruhn, M. E. 2003. Interruptive events and team knowledge acquisition. Management Science, 49: 514-528.