메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 1, Issue 4, 2015, Pages

Northwestern Pacific typhoon intensity controlled by changes in ocean temperatures

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CLIMATE CHANGE; GLOBAL WARMING; OCEANOGRAPHY; SURFACE WATERS;

EID: 84942869000     PISSN: None     EISSN: 23752548     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1500014     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (182)

References (90)
  • 4
    • 0024257230 scopus 로고
    • The maximum intensity of hurricanes
    • K. A. Emanuel, The maximum intensity of hurricanes. J. Atmos. Sci. 45, 1143-1155 (1988).
    • (1988) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.45 , pp. 1143-1155
    • Emanuel, K.A.1
  • 5
    • 0031395098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The maximum potential intensity of tropical cyclones
    • G. J. Holland, The maximum potential intensity of tropical cyclones. J. Atmos. Sci. 54, 2519-2541 (1997).
    • (1997) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.54 , pp. 2519-2541
    • Holland, G.J.1
  • 7
    • 0024231681 scopus 로고
    • Environmental influences on hurricane intensification
    • R. T. Merrill, Environmental influences on hurricane intensification. J. Atmos. Sci. 45,1678-1687 (1988).
    • (1988) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.45 , pp. 1678-1687
    • Merrill, R.T.1
  • 8
    • 0033554673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermodynamic control of hurricane intensity
    • K. Emanuel, Thermodynamic control of hurricane intensity. Nature 401, 665-669 (1999).
    • (1999) Nature , vol.401 , pp. 665-669
    • Emanuel, K.1
  • 9
    • 0030424343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of vertical shear on tropical cyclone intensity change
    • M. DeMaria, The effect of vertical shear on tropical cyclone intensity change. J. Atmos. Sci. 53, 2076-2087 (1996).
    • (1996) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.53 , pp. 2076-2087
    • DeMaria, M.1
  • 10
    • 0033913432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of a warm oceanic feature on Hurricane Opal
    • L. K. Shay, G. J. Goni, P. G. Black, Effects of a warm oceanic feature on Hurricane Opal. Mon. Weather Rev. 128, 1366-1383 (2000).
    • (2000) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.128 , pp. 1366-1383
    • Shay, L.K.1    Goni, G.J.2    Black, P.G.3
  • 11
    • 0347744478 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tropical cyclone-ocean interactions
    • W. Perrie, Ed., WIT Press, Southampton, UK
    • J. Ginis, Tropical cyclone-ocean interactions, in Atmosphere-Ocean interactions, W. Perrie, Ed. (WIT Press, Southampton, UK, 2002), vol. 33, pp. 83-114.
    • (2002) Atmosphere-Ocean Interactions , vol.33 , pp. 83-114
    • Ginis, J.1
  • 12
    • 35748980859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of the ocean eddy on tropical cyclone intensity
    • C.-C. Wu, C-Y. Lee, l.-l. Lin, The effect of the ocean eddy on tropical cyclone intensity. J. Atmos. Sci. 64, 3562-3578 (2007).
    • (2007) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.64 , pp. 3562-3578
    • Wu, C.-C.1    Lee, C.-Y.2    Lin, L.-L.3
  • 13
    • 84859600857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of translation speed upon the intensity of tropical cyclones over the tropical ocean
    • W. Mei, C. Pasquero, F. Primeau, The effect of translation speed upon the intensity of tropical cyclones over the tropical ocean. Geophys. Res. Lett. 39, L07801 (2012).
    • (2012) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.39 , pp. L07801
    • Mei, W.1    Pasquero, C.2    Primeau, F.3
  • 15
    • 84893698052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Next season's hurricanes
    • G. A. Vecchi, G. Villarini, Next season's hurricanes. Science 343, 618-619 (2014).
    • (2014) Science , vol.343 , pp. 618-619
    • Vecchi, G.A.1    Villarini, G.2
  • 16
    • 75749091697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulations of global hurricane climatology, interannual variability, and response to global warming using a 50-km resolution GCM
    • M. Zhao, I. M. Held, S.-J. Lin, G. A. Vecchi, Simulations of global hurricane climatology, interannual variability, and response to global warming using a 50-km resolution GCM. J. Climate 22, 6653-6678 (2009).
    • (2009) J. Climate , vol.22 , pp. 6653-6678
    • Zhao, M.1    Held, I.M.2    Lin, S.-J.3    Vecchi, G.A.4
  • 17
    • 84903388714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variability of tropical cyclone track density in the North Atlantic: Observations and high-resolution simulations
    • W. Mei, S.-P. Xie, M. Zhao, Variability of tropical cyclone track density in the North Atlantic: Observations and high-resolution simulations. J. Climate 27, 4797-4814 (2014).
    • (2014) J. Climate , vol.27 , pp. 4797-4814
    • Mei, W.1    Xie, S.-P.2    Zhao, M.3
  • 18
    • 84920285700 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Forced and internal variability in tropical cyclone track density in the western North Pacific
    • W. Mei, S.-P. Xie, M. Zhao, Y. Wang, Forced and internal variability in tropical cyclone track density in the western North Pacific. J. Climate 28, 143-167 (2015).
    • (2015) J. Climate , vol.28 , pp. 143-167
    • Mei, W.1    Xie, S.-P.2    Zhao, M.3    Wang, Y.4
  • 21
    • 23644453661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increasing destructiveness of tropical cyclones over the past 30 years
    • K. A. Emanuel, Increasing destructiveness of tropical cyclones over the past 30 years. Nature 436, 686-688 (2005).
    • (2005) Nature , vol.436 , pp. 686-688
    • Emanuel, K.A.1
  • 22
    • 24944475541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in tropical cyclone number, duration, and intensity in a warming environment
    • P. J. Webster, G. J. Holland, J. A. Curry, H.-R. Chang, Changes in tropical cyclone number, duration, and intensity in a warming environment. Science 309, 1844-1846 (2005).
    • (2005) Science , vol.309 , pp. 1844-1846
    • Webster, P.J.1    Holland, G.J.2    Curry, J.A.3    Chang, H.-R.4
  • 23
    • 33645693579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deconvolution of the factors contributing to the increase in global hurricane intensity
    • C. D. Hoyos, P. A. Agudelo, P. J. Webster, J. A. Curry, Deconvolution of the factors contributing to the increase in global hurricane intensity. Science 312, 94-97 (2006).
    • (2006) Science , vol.312 , pp. 94-97
    • Hoyos, C.D.1    Agudelo, P.A.2    Webster, P.J.3    Curry, J.A.4
  • 24
    • 51349091443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The increasing intensity of the strongest tropical cyclones
    • J. B. Eisner, J. P. Kossin, T. H. Jagger, The increasing intensity of the strongest tropical cyclones. Nature 455, 92-95 (2008).
    • (2008) Nature , vol.455 , pp. 92-95
    • Eisner, J.B.1    Kossin, J.P.2    Jagger, T.H.3
  • 25
    • 84870051014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Consensus on climate trends in the western North Pacific tropical cyclones
    • N.-Y. Kang, J. B. Eisner, Consensus on climate trends in the western North Pacific tropical cyclones. J. Climate 25, 7564-7573 (2012).
    • (2012) J. Climate , vol.25 , pp. 7564-7573
    • Kang, N.-Y.1    Eisner, J.B.2
  • 26
    • 84895010612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent intense hurricane response to global climate change
    • G. J. Holland, C. L. Bruyere, Recent intense hurricane response to global climate change. Clim. Dyn. 42, 617-627 (2014).
    • (2014) Clim. Dyn. , vol.42 , pp. 617-627
    • Holland, G.J.1    Bruyere, C.L.2
  • 27
    • 0019727607 scopus 로고
    • Observational analysis of tropical cyclone formation. Part II: Comparison of non-developing versus developing systems
    • J. L. McBride, R. Zehr, Observational analysis of tropical cyclone formation. Part II: Comparison of non-developing versus developing systems. J. Atmos. Sci. 38, 1132-1151 (1981).
    • (1981) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.38 , pp. 1132-1151
    • McBride, J.L.1    Zehr, R.2
  • 29
    • 47149108752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decadal variations of intense typhoon occurrence in the western North Pacific
    • J. C. L. Chan, Decadal variations of intense typhoon occurrence in the western North Pacific. Proc. R. Soc. A 464, 249-272 (2008).
    • (2008) Proc. R. Soc. A , vol.464 , pp. 249-272
    • Chan, J.C.L.1
  • 30
    • 79955003725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Observational evidence for oceanic controls on hurricane intensity
    • I. D. Lloyd, G. A. Vecchi, Observational evidence for oceanic controls on hurricane intensity. J. Climate 24, 1138-1153 (2011).
    • (2011) J. Climate , vol.24 , pp. 1138-1153
    • Lloyd, I.D.1    Vecchi, G.A.2
  • 31
    • 84859944248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TC-permitting GCM simulations of hurricane frequency response to sea surface temperature anomalies projected for the late-twenty-first century
    • M. Zhao, I. M. Held, TC-permitting GCM simulations of hurricane frequency response to sea surface temperature anomalies projected for the late-twenty-first century. J. Climate 25, 2995-3009 (2012).
    • (2012) J. Climate , vol.25 , pp. 2995-3009
    • Zhao, M.1    Held, I.M.2
  • 34
    • 44949174546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulated reduction in Atlantic hurricane frequency under twenty-first-century warming conditions
    • T. R. Knutson, J. J. Sirutis, S. T. Garner, G. A. Vecchi, I. M. Held, Simulated reduction in Atlantic hurricane frequency under twenty-first-century warming conditions. Nat. Geosci. 1, 359-364 (2008).
    • (2008) Nat. Geosci. , vol.1 , pp. 359-364
    • Knutson, T.R.1    Sirutis, J.J.2    Garner, S.T.3    Vecchi, G.A.4    Held, I.M.5
  • 35
  • 36
    • 84880740270 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Response of tropical sea surface temperature, precipitation, and tropical cyclone-related variables to changes in global and local forcing
    • K. Emanuel, A. Sobel, Response of tropical sea surface temperature, precipitation, and tropical cyclone-related variables to changes in global and local forcing. J. Adv. Model. Earth Syst. 5, 447-458 (2013).
    • (2013) J. Adv. Model. Earth Syst. , vol.5 , pp. 447-458
    • Emanuel, K.1    Sobel, A.2
  • 37
    • 84890211818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of imposed stratospheric cooling on the maximum intensity of tropical cyclones in axisymmetric radiative-convective equilibrium
    • H. A. Ramsay, The effects of imposed stratospheric cooling on the maximum intensity of tropical cyclones in axisymmetric radiative-convective equilibrium. J. Climate 26, 9977-9985 (2013).
    • (2013) J. Climate , vol.26 , pp. 9977-9985
    • Ramsay, H.A.1
  • 38
    • 0019389401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Upper ocean response to a hurricane
    • J. F. Price, Upper ocean response to a hurricane. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 11, 153-175 (2009).
    • (2009) J. Phys. Oceanogr. , vol.11 , pp. 153-175
    • Price, J.F.1
  • 41
    • 84878970247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial and temporal characterization of sea surface temperature response to tropical cyclones
    • W. Mei, C. Pasquero, Spatial and temporal characterization of sea surface temperature response to tropical cyclones. J. Climate 26, 3745-3765 (2013).
    • (2013) J. Climate , vol.26 , pp. 3745-3765
    • Mei, W.1    Pasquero, C.2
  • 42
    • 44349111494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Observed structure, evolution, and potential intensity of category 5 Hurricane Isabel (2003) from 12 to 14 September
    • M. M. Bell, M. T. Montgomery, Observed structure, evolution, and potential intensity of category 5 Hurricane Isabel (2003) from 12 to 14 September. Mon. Weather Rev. 136, 2023-2046 (2008).
    • (2008) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.136 , pp. 2023-2046
    • Bell, M.M.1    Montgomery, M.T.2
  • 43
    • 0023525281 scopus 로고
    • The dependence of hurricane intensity on climate
    • K. A. Emanuel, The dependence of hurricane intensity on climate. Nature 326, 483-485 (1987).
    • (1987) Nature , vol.326 , pp. 483-485
    • Emanuel, K.A.1
  • 45
    • 79251575308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of relative and absolute sea surface temperature on tropical cyclone potential intensity using a single-column model
    • H. A. Ramsay, A. H. Sobel, Effects of relative and absolute sea surface temperature on tropical cyclone potential intensity using a single-column model. J. Climate 24, 183-193 (2011).
    • (2011) J. Climate , vol.24 , pp. 183-193
    • Ramsay, H.A.1    Sobel, A.H.2
  • 46
    • 0032512768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulated increase of hurricane intensities in a C02-warmed climate
    • T. R. Knutson, R. E. Tuleya, Y. Kurihara, Simulated increase of hurricane intensities in a C02-warmed climate. Science 3, 1018-1021 (1998).
    • (1998) Science , vol.3 , pp. 1018-1021
    • Knutson, T.R.1    Tuleya, R.E.2    Kurihara, Y.3
  • 47
    • 7044231527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of C02-induced warming on simulated hurricane intensity and precipitation: Sensitivity to the choice of climate model and convective parameterization
    • T. R. Knutson, R. E. Tuleya, Impact of C02-induced warming on simulated hurricane intensity and precipitation: Sensitivity to the choice of climate model and convective parameterization. J. Climate 17, 3477-3495 (2004).
    • (2004) J. Climate , vol.17 , pp. 3477-3495
    • Knutson, T.R.1    Tuleya, R.E.2
  • 48
    • 38949128362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Water and energy budgets of hurricanes: Case studies of Ivan and Katrina
    • K. E. Trenberth, C. A. Davis, J. T. Fasullo, Water and energy budgets of hurricanes: Case studies of Ivan and Katrina. J. Geophys. Res. 112, D23106 (2007).
    • (2007) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.112 , pp. D23106
    • Trenberth, K.E.1    Davis, C.A.2    Fasullo, J.T.3
  • 49
    • 40849137759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tropical cyclone-induced upper-ocean mixing and climate: Application to equable climates
    • R. L. Korty, K. A. Emanuel, J. R. Scott, Tropical cyclone-induced upper-ocean mixing and climate: Application to equable climates. J. Climate 21, 638-654 (2008).
    • (2008) J. Climate , vol.21 , pp. 638-654
    • Korty, R.L.1    Emanuel, K.A.2    Scott, J.R.3
  • 50
    • 11844286413 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global warming and western North Pacific typhoon activity from an observational perspective
    • J. C. L. Chan, K. S. Liu, Global warming and western North Pacific typhoon activity from an observational perspective. J. Climate 17,4590-4602 (2004).
    • (2004) J. Climate , vol.17 , pp. 4590-4602
    • Chan, J.C.L.1    Liu, K.S.2
  • 51
    • 21844464958 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Western North Pacific tropical cyclone intensity and ENSO
    • S. J. Camargo, A. H. Sobel, Western North Pacific tropical cyclone intensity and ENSO. J. Climate 18, 2996-3006 (2005).
    • (2005) J. Climate , vol.18 , pp. 2996-3006
    • Camargo, S.J.1    Sobel, A.H.2
  • 52
    • 85042119656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Although it is the large-scale wind field that directly affects the location of typhoon formation, wind changes are remotely driven by SSTs in the central equatorial Pacific
    • Although it is the large-scale wind field that directly affects the location of typhoon formation, wind changes are remotely driven by SSTs in the central equatorial Pacific. We chose the SSTs in the central equatorial Pacific as predictor because they are more predictable than wind field.
    • We Chose the SSTs in the Central Equatorial Pacific As Predictor because They Are More Predictable Than Wind Field
  • 53
    • 84884410748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent global-warming hiatus tied to equatorial Pacific surface cooling
    • Y. Kosaka, S.-P. Xie, Recent global-warming hiatus tied to equatorial Pacific surface cooling. Nature 501, 403-407 (2013).
    • (2013) Nature , vol.501 , pp. 403-407
    • Kosaka, Y.1    Xie, S.-P.2
  • 54
    • 41949134952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of oceanic heat content estimation to operational forecasting of recent Atlantic category 5 hurricanes
    • M. Mainelli, M. DeMaria, L. K. Shay, G. Goni, Application of oceanic heat content estimation to operational forecasting of recent Atlantic category 5 hurricanes. Wea. Forecast. 23,3-16 (2008).
    • (2008) Wea. Forecast. , vol.23 , pp. 3-16
    • Mainelli, M.1    DeMaria, M.2    Shay, L.K.3    Goni, G.4
  • 55
    • 53749097777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Upper-ocean thermal structure and the western North Pacific category 5 typhoons. Part I: Ocean features and the category 5 typhoons' intensification
    • I.-I. Lin, C.-C. Wu, l.-F. Pun, D.-S. Ko, Upper-ocean thermal structure and the western North Pacific category 5 typhoons. Part I: Ocean features and the category 5 typhoons' intensification. Mon. Weather Rev. 136, 3288-3306 (2008).
    • (2008) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.136 , pp. 3288-3306
    • Lin, I.-I.1    Wu, C.-C.2    Pun, L.-F.3    Ko, D.-S.4
  • 57
    • 82455192083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metrics of hurricane-ocean interaction: Vertically-integrated or vertically-averaged ocean temperature?
    • J. F. Price, Metrics of hurricane-ocean interaction: Vertically-integrated or vertically-averaged ocean temperature? Ocean Sci. 5, 351-368 (2009).
    • (2009) Ocean Sci. , vol.5 , pp. 351-368
    • Price, J.F.1
  • 58
    • 84922272046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eastern Pacific tropical cyclones intensified by El Nino delivery of subsurface ocean heat
    • F.-F. Jin, J. Boucharel, l.-l. Lin, Eastern Pacific tropical cyclones intensified by El Nino delivery of subsurface ocean heat. Nature 516, 82-85 (2014).
    • (2014) Nature , vol.516 , pp. 82-85
    • Jin, F.-F.1    Boucharel, J.2    Lin, L.-L.3
  • 60
    • 0034112748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A sensitivity study of the thermodynamic environment on GFDL model hurricane intensity: Implications for global warming
    • W. Shen, R. E. Tuleya, I. Ginis, A sensitivity study of the thermodynamic environment on GFDL model hurricane intensity: Implications for global warming. J. Climate 13, 109-121 (2000).
    • (2000) J. Climate , vol.13 , pp. 109-121
    • Shen, W.1    Tuleya, R.E.2    Ginis, I.3
  • 61
    • 80053191097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of future climate change on TC intensity and structure: A downscaling approach
    • K. A. Hill, G. M. Lackmann, The impact of future climate change on TC intensity and structure: A downscaling approach. J. Climate 24, 4644-4661 (2011).
    • (2011) J. Climate , vol.24 , pp. 4644-4661
    • Hill, K.A.1    Lackmann, G.M.2
  • 63
    • 84863010340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Catastrophic impact of typhoon waves on coral communities in the Ryukyu Islands under global warming
    • C. Hongo, H. Kawamata, K. Goto, Catastrophic impact of typhoon waves on coral communities in the Ryukyu Islands under global warming. J. Geophys. Res. 117, G02029 (2012).
    • (2012) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.117 , pp. G02029
    • Hongo, C.1    Kawamata, H.2    Goto, K.3
  • 64
    • 0034862309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contribution of tropical cyclones to meridional heat transport by the oceans
    • K. Emanuel, Contribution of tropical cyclones to meridional heat transport by the oceans. J. Geophys. Res. 106, 14771-14781 (2001).
    • (2001) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.106 , pp. 14771-14781
    • Emanuel, K.1
  • 65
    • 34249877416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Observational evidence for an ocean heat pump induced by tropical cyclones
    • R. L. Sriver, M. Huber, Observational evidence for an ocean heat pump induced by tropical cyclones. Nature 447, 577-580 (2007).
    • (2007) Nature , vol.447 , pp. 577-580
    • Sriver, R.L.1    Huber, M.2
  • 66
    • 78751533928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An inverse relationship between aggregate northern hemisphere tropical cyclone activity and subsequent winter climate
    • R. E. Hart, An inverse relationship between aggregate northern hemisphere tropical cyclone activity and subsequent winter climate. Geophys. Res. Lett. 38, L01705 (2011).
    • (2011) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.38 , pp. L01705
    • Hart, R.E.1
  • 67
    • 84884297696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sea surface height evidence for long-term warming effects of tropical cyclones on the ocean
    • W. Mei, F. Primeau, J. C. McWilliams, C. Pasquero, Sea surface height evidence for long-term warming effects of tropical cyclones on the ocean. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 110, 15207-15210 (2013).
    • (2013) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.110 , pp. 15207-15210
    • Mei, W.1    Primeau, F.2    McWilliams, J.C.3    Pasquero, C.4
  • 68
    • 84907051513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tropical cyclone-induced thermocline warming and its regional and global impacts
    • M. R. Bueti, I. Ginis, L. M. Rothstein, S. M. Griffies, Tropical cyclone-induced thermocline warming and its regional and global impacts. J. Climate 27, 6978-6999 (2014).
    • (2014) J. Climate , vol.27 , pp. 6978-6999
    • Bueti, M.R.1    Ginis, I.2    Rothstein, L.M.3    Griffies, S.M.4
  • 72
    • 44449100119 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hurricanes and global warming: Results from downscaling IPCC AR4 simulations
    • K. Emanuel, R. Sundararajan, J. Williams, Hurricanes and global warming: Results from downscaling IPCC AR4 simulations. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. 89, 347-367 (2008).
    • (2008) Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. , vol.89 , pp. 347-367
    • Emanuel, K.1    Sundararajan, R.2    Williams, J.3
  • 73
    • 14544301443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The regional oceanic modeling system (ROMS): A split-explicit, free-surface, topography-following-coordinate oceanic model
    • A. F. Shchepetkin, J. C. McWilliams, The regional oceanic modeling system (ROMS): A split-explicit, free-surface, topography-following-coordinate oceanic model. Ocean Modell. 9, 347-404 (2005).
    • (2005) Ocean Modell. , vol.9 , pp. 347-404
    • Shchepetkin, A.F.1    McWilliams, J.C.2
  • 74
    • 84942867149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tropical cyclone-induced ocean response: A comparative study of the South China Sea and tropical Northwest Pacific
    • W. Mei, C.-C. Lien, l.-l. Lin, S.-P. Xie, Tropical cyclone-induced ocean response: A comparative study of the South China Sea and tropical Northwest Pacific. J. Climate 10.11 75/ JCLI-D-14-00651.1 (2015).
    • (2015) J. Climate
    • Mei, W.1    Lien, C.-C.2    Lin, L.-L.3    Xie, S.-P.4
  • 75
    • 0028591570 scopus 로고
    • Oceanic vertical mixing: A review and a model with a nonlocal boundary layer parameterization
    • W. G. Large, J. C. McWilliams, S. C. Doney, Oceanic vertical mixing: A review and a model with a nonlocal boundary layer parameterization. Rev. Geophys. 32, 363-403 (1994).
    • (1994) Rev. Geophys. , vol.32 , pp. 363-403
    • Large, W.G.1    McWilliams, J.C.2    Doney, S.C.3
  • 76
    • 0022848067 scopus 로고
    • An air-sea interaction theory for tropical cyclones. Part I: Steady-state maintenance
    • K. A. Emanuel, An air-sea interaction theory for tropical cyclones. Part I: Steady-state maintenance. J. Atmos. Sci. 43, 585-605 (1986).
    • (1986) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.43 , pp. 585-605
    • Emanuel, K.A.1
  • 77
    • 14744296590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reexamining the near-core radial structure of the tropical cyclone primary circulation: Implications for vortex resiliency
    • K. J. Mallen, M.T. Montgomery, B.Wang, Reexamining the near-core radial structure of the tropical cyclone primary circulation: Implications for vortex resiliency. J. Atmos. Sci. 62, 408-425 (2005).
    • (2005) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.62 , pp. 408-425
    • Mallen, K.J.1    Montgomery, M.T.2    Wang, B.3
  • 81
    • 24944505394 scopus 로고
    • Relationship between the Cl-number and central pressure and maximum wind speed in typhoons
    • H. Koba, T. Hagiwara, S. Osano, S. Akashi, Relationship between the Cl-number and central pressure and maximum wind speed in typhoons. J. Meteor. Res. 42, 59-67 (1990).
    • (1990) J. Meteor. Res. , vol.42 , pp. 59-67
    • Koba, H.1    Hagiwara, T.2    Osano, S.3    Akashi, S.4
  • 82
    • 77951525855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A technique for combining global tropical cyclone best track data
    • M. C. Kruk, K. R. Knapp, D. H. Levinson, A technique for combining global tropical cyclone best track data. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol. 27, 680-692 (2010).
    • (2010) J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol. , vol.27 , pp. 680-692
    • Kruk, M.C.1    Knapp, K.R.2    Levinson, D.H.3
  • 84
    • 84863076556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamically derived tropical cyclone intensity changes over the western North Pacific
    • L. Wu, H. Zhao, Dynamically derived tropical cyclone intensity changes over the western North Pacific. J. Climate 25, 89-98 (2012).
    • (2012) J. Climate , vol.25 , pp. 89-98
    • Wu, L.1    Zhao, H.2
  • 85
    • 84890234156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trend analysis with a new global record of tropical cyclone intensity
    • J. P. Kossin, T. L. Olander, K. R. Knapp, Trend analysis with a new global record of tropical cyclone intensity. J. Climate 26, 9960-9976 (2013).
    • (2013) J. Climate , vol.26 , pp. 9960-9976
    • Kossin, J.P.1    Olander, T.L.2    Knapp, K.R.3
  • 86
    • 84881272186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A pressure-based analysis of the historical western North Pacific tropical cyclone intensity record
    • K. R. Knapp, J. A. Knaff, C. R. Sampson, G. M. Riggio, A. D. Schnapp, A pressure-based analysis of the historical western North Pacific tropical cyclone intensity record. Mon. Wea. Rev. 141, 2611-2631 (2013).
    • (2013) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.141 , pp. 2611-2631
    • Knapp, K.R.1    Knaff, J.A.2    Sampson, C.R.3    Riggio, G.M.4    Schnapp, A.D.5
  • 87
    • 0041644304 scopus 로고
    • Joint Typhoon Warning Center and the challenges of multibasin tropical cyclone forecasting
    • C. P. Guard, L. E. Carr, F. H. Wells, R. A. Jeffries, N. D. Gural, D. K. Edson, Joint Typhoon Warning Center and the challenges of multibasin tropical cyclone forecasting. Wea. Forecast. 7, 328-352 (1992).
    • (1992) Wea. Forecast. , vol.7 , pp. 328-352
    • Guard, C.P.1    Carr, L.E.2    Wells, F.H.3    Jeffries, R.A.4    Gural, N.D.5    Edson, D.K.6
  • 88
    • 0027789983 scopus 로고
    • Tropical cyclone observation and forecasting with and without aircraft reconnaissance
    • J. D. Martin, W. M. Gray, Tropical cyclone observation and forecasting with and without aircraft reconnaissance. Wea. Forecast. 8, 519-532 (1993).
    • (1993) Wea. Forecast. , vol.8 , pp. 519-532
    • Martin, J.D.1    Gray, W.M.2
  • 89
    • 78149331716 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An evaluation of Dvorak technique-based tropical cyclone intensity estimates
    • J. A. Knaff, D. P. Brown, J. Courtney, G. M. Gallina, J. L. Beven II, An evaluation of Dvorak technique-based tropical cyclone intensity estimates. Wea. Forecast. 25, 1362-1379 (2010).
    • (2010) Wea. Forecast. , vol.25 , pp. 1362-1379
    • Knaff, J.A.1    Brown, D.P.2    Courtney, J.3    Gallina, G.M.4    Beven, I.I.J.L.5
  • 90
    • 0004001014 scopus 로고
    • Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO
    • W. M. Gray, Tropical Cyclone Genesis (Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 1975).
    • (1975) Tropical Cyclone Genesis
    • Gray, W.M.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.