메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 8, Issue 6, 2014, Pages 542-549

The doctor's dilemma: Challenges in the diagnosis and care of homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALGORITHM; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CORONARY ARTERY ATHEROSCLEROSIS; DISEASE SEVERITY; EMERGENCY HEALTH SERVICE; FAMILIAL HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; HOMOZYGOTE; HUMAN; PATIENT CARE; PHYSICIAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; TREATMENT RESPONSE; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; COMPLICATION; CONSANGUINITY; DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS; DRUG EFFECTS; GENETIC SCREENING; GENETICS; HYPERLIPOPROTEINEMIA TYPE II; LIPID METABOLISM; MUTATION; PRACTICE GUIDELINE;

EID: 84942748375     PISSN: 19332874     EISSN: 18764789     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2014.09.005     Document Type: Editorial
Times cited : (17)

References (63)
  • 1
    • 0015890890 scopus 로고
    • Familial hypercholesterolemia: Identification of a defect in the regulation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase activity associated with overproduction of cholesterol
    • J.L. Goldstein, and M.S. Brown Familial hypercholesterolemia: identification of a defect in the regulation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase activity associated with overproduction of cholesterol Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 70 1973 2804 2808
    • (1973) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.70 , pp. 2804-2808
    • Goldstein, J.L.1    Brown, M.S.2
  • 2
    • 0013321009 scopus 로고
    • Familial hypercholesterolemia: Defective binding of lipoproteins to cultured fibroblasts associated with impaired regulation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase activity
    • M.S. Brown, and J.L. Goldstein Familial hypercholesterolemia: defective binding of lipoproteins to cultured fibroblasts associated with impaired regulation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase activity Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 71 1974 788 792
    • (1974) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.71 , pp. 788-792
    • Brown, M.S.1    Goldstein, J.L.2
  • 3
    • 33947679772 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of Disease: Genetic causes of familial hypercholesterolemia
    • A.K. Soutar, and R.P. Naoumova Mechanisms of Disease: genetic causes of familial hypercholesterolemia Nat Clin Pract Cardiovasc Med 4 2007 214 225
    • (2007) Nat Clin Pract Cardiovasc Med , vol.4 , pp. 214-225
    • Soutar, A.K.1    Naoumova, R.P.2
  • 4
    • 84865076877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor Gene Familial Hypercholesterolemia Variant Database: Update and Pathological Assessment
    • E. Usifo, S.E.A. Leigh, R.A. Whittall, and et al. Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor Gene Familial Hypercholesterolemia Variant Database: Update and Pathological Assessment Ann Hum Genet 76 2012 387 401
    • (2012) Ann Hum Genet , vol.76 , pp. 387-401
    • Usifo, E.1    Leigh, S.E.A.2    Whittall, R.A.3
  • 6
    • 79956267846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Familial Hypercholesterolemia: Screening, diagnosis and management of pediatric and adult patients: Clinical guidance from the National Lipid Association Expert Panel on Familial Hypercholesterolemia
    • A.C. Goldberg, P.N. Hopkins, P.P. Toth, and et al. Familial Hypercholesterolemia: Screening, diagnosis and management of pediatric and adult patients: Clinical guidance from the National Lipid Association Expert Panel on Familial Hypercholesterolemia J Clin Lipidol 5 2011 133 140
    • (2011) J Clin Lipidol , vol.5 , pp. 133-140
    • Goldberg, A.C.1    Hopkins, P.N.2    Toth, P.P.3
  • 7
    • 84890461947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Familial hypercholesterolaemia is underdiagnosed and undertreated in the general population: Guidance for clinicians to prevent coronary heart disease Consensus Statement of the European Atherosclerosis Society
    • B.G. Nordestgaard, M.J. Chapman, S.E. Humphries, and et al. Familial hypercholesterolaemia is underdiagnosed and undertreated in the general population: guidance for clinicians to prevent coronary heart disease Consensus Statement of the European Atherosclerosis Society Eur Heart J 34 2013 3478 3490
    • (2013) Eur Heart J , vol.34 , pp. 3478-3490
    • Nordestgaard, B.G.1    Chapman, M.J.2    Humphries, S.E.3
  • 8
    • 84893647246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integrated Guidance on the Care of Familial Hypercholesterolaemia from the International FH Foundation
    • G.F. Watts, S. Gidding, A.S. Wierzbicki, and et al. Integrated Guidance on the Care of Familial Hypercholesterolaemia from the International FH Foundation Int J Cardiol 171 2014 309 325
    • (2014) Int J Cardiol , vol.171 , pp. 309-325
    • Watts, G.F.1    Gidding, S.2    Wierzbicki, A.S.3
  • 10
    • 84864772507 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia: Current perspectives on diagnosis and treatment
    • F.J. Raal, and R.D. Santos Homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia: Current perspectives on diagnosis and treatment Atherosclerosis 223 2012 262 268
    • (2012) Atherosclerosis , vol.223 , pp. 262-268
    • Raal, F.J.1    Santos, R.D.2
  • 11
    • 84906716305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia: New insights and guidance for clinicians to improve detection and clinical management. A position paper from the Consensus Panel on Familial Hypercholesterolaemia of the European Atherosclerosis Society
    • M. Cuchel, E. Bruckert, H.N. Ginsberg, and et al. Homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia: new insights and guidance for clinicians to improve detection and clinical management. A position paper from the Consensus Panel on Familial Hypercholesterolaemia of the European Atherosclerosis Society Eur Heart J 35 2014 2146 2157
    • (2014) Eur Heart J , vol.35 , pp. 2146-2157
    • Cuchel, M.1    Bruckert, E.2    Ginsberg, H.N.3
  • 12
    • 84907708708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Homozygous autosomal dominant hypercholesterolaemia in the Netherlands: Prevalence, genotype-phenotype relationship, and clinical outcome
    • B. Sjouke, D.M. Kusters, I. Kindt, and et al. Homozygous autosomal dominant hypercholesterolaemia in the Netherlands: prevalence, genotype-phenotype relationship, and clinical outcome Eur Heart J 2014
    • (2014) Eur Heart J
    • Sjouke, B.1    Kusters, D.M.2    Kindt, I.3
  • 13
    • 81355160365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduction in Mortality in Subjects with Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia Associated with Advances in Lipid-Lowering Therapy
    • F.J. Raal, G.J. Pilcher, V.R. Panz, and et al. Reduction in Mortality in Subjects With Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia Associated With Advances in Lipid-Lowering Therapy Circulation 124 2011 2202 2207
    • (2011) Circulation , vol.124 , pp. 2202-2207
    • Raal, F.J.1    Pilcher, G.J.2    Panz, V.R.3
  • 14
    • 56349147086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Longitudinal evaluation and assessment of cardiovascular disease in patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia
    • D.M. Kolansky, M. Cuchel, B.J. Clark, and et al. Longitudinal evaluation and assessment of cardiovascular disease in patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia Am J Cardiol 102 2008 1438 1443
    • (2008) Am J Cardiol , vol.102 , pp. 1438-1443
    • Kolansky, D.M.1    Cuchel, M.2    Clark, B.J.3
  • 15
    • 84872376838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statin treatment of children with familial hypercholesterolemia - Trying to balance incomplete evidence of long-term safety and clinical accountability: Are we approaching a consensus?
    • A. Vuorio, K.F. Doherty, S.E. Humphries, J. Kuoppala, and P.T. Kovanen Statin treatment of children with familial hypercholesterolemia - trying to balance incomplete evidence of long-term safety and clinical accountability: are we approaching a consensus? Atherosclerosis 226 2013 315 320
    • (2013) Atherosclerosis , vol.226 , pp. 315-320
    • Vuorio, A.1    Doherty, K.F.2    Humphries, S.E.3    Kuoppala, J.4    Kovanen, P.T.5
  • 16
    • 84885644881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The extended abnormalities in lipoprotein metabolism in familial hypercholesterolemia: Developing a new framework for future therapies
    • E.M.M. Ooi, P.H.R. Barrett, and G.F. Watts The extended abnormalities in lipoprotein metabolism in familial hypercholesterolemia: Developing a new framework for future therapies Int J Cardiol 168 2013 1811 1818
    • (2013) Int J Cardiol , vol.168 , pp. 1811-1818
    • Ooi, E.M.M.1    Barrett, P.H.R.2    Watts, G.F.3
  • 17
    • 84871945617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of a microsomal triglyceride transfer protein inhibitor in patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia: A single-arm, open-label, phase 3 study
    • M. Cuchel, E.A. Meagher, H. du Toit Theron, and et al. Efficacy and safety of a microsomal triglyceride transfer protein inhibitor in patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia: a single-arm, open-label, phase 3 study Lancet 381 2013 40 46
    • (2013) Lancet , vol.381 , pp. 40-46
    • Cuchel, M.1    Meagher, E.A.2    Du Toit Theron, H.3
  • 18
    • 77949485460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mipomersen, an apolipoprotein B synthesis inhibitor, for lowering of LDL cholesterol concentrations in patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia: A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
    • F.J. Raal, R.D. Santos, D.J. Blom, and et al. Mipomersen, an apolipoprotein B synthesis inhibitor, for lowering of LDL cholesterol concentrations in patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial Lancet 375 2010 998 1006
    • (2010) Lancet , vol.375 , pp. 998-1006
    • Raal, F.J.1    Santos, R.D.2    Blom, D.J.3
  • 19
    • 84895548648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lomitapide and Mipomersen: Two First-in-Class Drugs for Reducing Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Patients with Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia
    • D.J. Rader, and J.J.P. Kastelein Lomitapide and Mipomersen: Two First-in-Class Drugs for Reducing Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Patients With Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia Circulation 129 2014 1022 1032
    • (2014) Circulation , vol.129 , pp. 1022-1032
    • Rader, D.J.1    Kastelein, J.J.P.2
  • 20
    • 84868628467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Familial Hypercholesterolemia in the Danish General Population: Prevalence, Coronary Artery Disease, and Cholesterol-Lowering Medication
    • M. Benn, G.F. Watts, A. Tybjaerg-Hansen, and B.G. Nordestgaard Familial Hypercholesterolemia in the Danish General Population: Prevalence, Coronary Artery Disease, and Cholesterol-Lowering Medication J Clin Endocrinol Metab 97 2012 3956 3964
    • (2012) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.97 , pp. 3956-3964
    • Benn, M.1    Watts, G.F.2    Tybjaerg-Hansen, A.3    Nordestgaard, B.G.4
  • 21
    • 84903278021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Familial hypercholesterolemia in China: Prevalence and evidence of underdetection and undertreatment in a community population
    • Z. Shi, B. Yuan, D. Zhao, A.W. Taylor, J. Lin, and G.F. Watts Familial hypercholesterolemia in China: Prevalence and evidence of underdetection and undertreatment in a community population Int J Cardiol 174 2014 834 836
    • (2014) Int J Cardiol , vol.174 , pp. 834-836
    • Shi, Z.1    Yuan, B.2    Zhao, D.3    Taylor, A.W.4    Lin, J.5    Watts, G.F.6
  • 22
    • 0012781123 scopus 로고
    • The Hardy-Weinberg law
    • C. Stern The Hardy-Weinberg law Science 97 1943 137 138
    • (1943) Science , vol.97 , pp. 137-138
    • Stern, C.1
  • 23
    • 84885785987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical whole-exome sequencing for the diagnosis of mendelian disorders
    • Y. Yang, D.M. Muzny, J.G. Reid, and et al. Clinical whole-exome sequencing for the diagnosis of mendelian disorders N Engl J Med 369 2013 1502 1511
    • (2013) N Engl J Med , vol.369 , pp. 1502-1511
    • Yang, Y.1    Muzny, D.M.2    Reid, J.G.3
  • 25
    • 79956278397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Familial Hypercholesterolemias: Prevalence, genetics, diagnosis and screening recommendations from the National Lipid Association Expert Panel on Familial Hypercholesterolemia
    • P.N. Hopkins, P.P. Toth, C.M. Ballantyne, and D.J. Rader Familial Hypercholesterolemias: Prevalence, genetics, diagnosis and screening recommendations from the National Lipid Association Expert Panel on Familial Hypercholesterolemia J Clin Lipidol 5 2011 S9 S17
    • (2011) J Clin Lipidol , vol.5 , pp. S9-S17
    • Hopkins, P.N.1    Toth, P.P.2    Ballantyne, C.M.3    Rader, D.J.4
  • 26
    • 84905437783 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Whole exome sequencing of familial hypercholesterolaemia patients negative for LDLR/APOB/PCSK9 mutations
    • M. Futema, V. Plagnol, K. Li, and et al. Whole exome sequencing of familial hypercholesterolaemia patients negative for LDLR/APOB/PCSK9 mutations J Med Genet 51 2014 537 544
    • (2014) J Med Genet , vol.51 , pp. 537-544
    • Futema, M.1    Plagnol, V.2    Li, K.3
  • 27
    • 84902716375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Targeted genetic testing for familial hypercholesterolaemia using next generation sequencing: A population-based study
    • P.J. Norsworthy, J. Vandrovcova, E.R. Thomas, and et al. Targeted genetic testing for familial hypercholesterolaemia using next generation sequencing: a population-based study BMC Med Genet 15 2014 70
    • (2014) BMC Med Genet , vol.15 , pp. 70
    • Norsworthy, P.J.1    Vandrovcova, J.2    Thomas, E.R.3
  • 28
    • 84876167878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol gene score to distinguish patients with polygenic and monogenic familial hypercholesterolaemia: A case-control study
    • P.J. Talmud, S. Shah, R. Whittall, and et al. Use of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol gene score to distinguish patients with polygenic and monogenic familial hypercholesterolaemia: a case-control study Lancet 381 2013 13 19
    • (2013) Lancet , vol.381 , pp. 13-19
    • Talmud, P.J.1    Shah, S.2    Whittall, R.3
  • 30
    • 84871869008 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidelines for the management of familial hypercholesterolemia
    • M. Harada-Shiba, H. Arai, S. Oikawa, and et al. Guidelines for the management of familial hypercholesterolemia J Atheroscler Thromb 19 2012 1043 1060
    • (2012) J Atheroscler Thromb , vol.19 , pp. 1043-1060
    • Harada-Shiba, M.1    Arai, H.2    Oikawa, S.3
  • 31
    • 0027301629 scopus 로고
    • Diagnosing heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia using new practical criteria validated by molecular genetics
    • R. Williams, S. Hunt, M. Schumacher, and et al. Diagnosing heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia using new practical criteria validated by molecular genetics Am J Cardiol 72 1993 171 176
    • (1993) Am J Cardiol , vol.72 , pp. 171-176
    • Williams, R.1    Hunt, S.2    Schumacher, M.3
  • 32
    • 44949145140 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of sensitive and specific age-and gender-specific low-density lipoprotein cholesterol cutoffs for diagnosis of first-degree relatives with familial hypercholesterolaemia in cascade testing
    • B. Starr, G. Hadfield, B.A. Hutton, and et al. Development of sensitive and specific age-and gender-specific low-density lipoprotein cholesterol cutoffs for diagnosis of first-degree relatives with familial hypercholesterolaemia in cascade testing Clin Chem Lab Med 46 2008 791 803
    • (2008) Clin Chem Lab Med , vol.46 , pp. 791-803
    • Starr, B.1    Hadfield, G.2    Hutton, B.A.3
  • 33
    • 0037126526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III) Final Report
    • National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III) Final Report Circulation 106 2002 3143 3421
    • (2002) Circulation , vol.106 , pp. 3143-3421
  • 34
    • 84897970506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2013 ACC/AHA Guideline on the Treatment of Blood Cholesterol to Reduce Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Risk in Adults: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines
    • N.J. Stone, J.G. Robinson, A.H. Lichtenstein, and et al. 2013 ACC/AHA Guideline on the Treatment of Blood Cholesterol to Reduce Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Risk in Adults: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines Circulation 129 2014 S1 S45
    • (2014) Circulation , vol.129 , pp. S1-S45
    • Stone, N.J.1    Robinson, J.G.2    Lichtenstein, A.H.3
  • 35
    • 79960539641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ESC/EAS Guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias
    • Ž. Reiner, A.L. Catapano, G. De Backer, and et al. ESC/EAS Guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias Eur. Heart J 32 2011 1769 1818
    • (2011) Eur. Heart J , vol.32 , pp. 1769-1818
    • Reiner, Ž.1    Catapano, A.L.2    De Backer, G.3
  • 36
  • 37
    • 78649888517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lipoprotein(a) as a cardiovascular risk factor: Current status
    • B.G. Nordestgaard, M.J. Chapman, K. Ray, and et al. Lipoprotein(a) as a cardiovascular risk factor: current status Eur Heart J 31 2010 2844 2853
    • (2010) Eur Heart J , vol.31 , pp. 2844-2853
    • Nordestgaard, B.G.1    Chapman, M.J.2    Ray, K.3
  • 38
    • 84900529903 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lipoprotein (a) levels in Familial Hipercholesterolaemia: An important predictor for cardiovascular disease independent of the type of LDL-receptor mutation
    • R. Alonso, E. Andres, N. Mata, and et al. Lipoprotein (a) levels in Familial Hipercholesterolaemia: an important predictor for cardiovascular disease independent of the type of LDL-receptor mutation J Am Coll Cardiol 63 2014 1982 1989
    • (2014) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.63 , pp. 1982-1989
    • Alonso, R.1    Andres, E.2    Mata, N.3
  • 39
    • 84890904215 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lipoprotein Apheresis in Patients with Maximally Tolerated Lipid Lowering Therapy, Lp(a)-Hyperlipoproteinemia and Progressive Cardiovascular Disease: Prospective Observational Multicenter Study
    • J. Leebmann, E. Roseler, U. Julius, and et al. Lipoprotein Apheresis in Patients with Maximally Tolerated Lipid Lowering Therapy, Lp(a)-Hyperlipoproteinemia and Progressive Cardiovascular Disease: Prospective Observational Multicenter Study Circulation 128 2013 2567 2576
    • (2013) Circulation , vol.128 , pp. 2567-2576
    • Leebmann, J.1    Roseler, E.2    Julius, U.3
  • 41
    • 84872835004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The evidence-base for the efficacy of lipoprotein apheresis in combating cardiovascular disease
    • G.R. Thompson The evidence-base for the efficacy of lipoprotein apheresis in combating cardiovascular disease Atheroscler Suppl 14 2013 67 70
    • (2013) Atheroscler Suppl , vol.14 , pp. 67-70
    • Thompson, G.R.1
  • 42
    • 78650417876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Severe hypercholesterolaemia: Therapeutic goals and eligibility criteria for LDL apheresis in Europe
    • G.R. Thompson, A. Catapano, S. Saheb, and et al. Severe hypercholesterolaemia: therapeutic goals and eligibility criteria for LDL apheresis in Europe Curr Opin Lipidol 21 2010 492 498
    • (2010) Curr Opin Lipidol , vol.21 , pp. 492-498
    • Thompson, G.R.1    Catapano, A.2    Saheb, S.3
  • 43
    • 84887164358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of the PCSK9 Monoclonal Antibody, AMG 145, in Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia
    • E.A. Stein, N. Honarpour, S.M. Wasserman, F. Xu, R. Scott, and F.J. Raal Effect of the PCSK9 Monoclonal Antibody, AMG 145, in Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia Circulation 128 2013 2113 2120
    • (2013) Circulation , vol.128 , pp. 2113-2120
    • Stein, E.A.1    Honarpour, N.2    Wasserman, S.M.3    Xu, F.4    Scott, R.5    Raal, F.J.6
  • 44
    • 84954112597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trial evaluating evolocumab, a PCSK9 antibody in patients with homozygous FH (TESLA): Results of the randomised, double-blind placebo-controlled trial
    • Abstract 1177
    • F. Raal, N. Honarpour, D. Blom, and et al. Trial evaluating evolocumab, a PCSK9 antibody in patients with homozygous FH (TESLA): Results of the randomised, double-blind placebo-controlled trial EAS Madrid 2014 Abstract 1177
    • (2014) EAS Madrid
    • Raal, F.1    Honarpour, N.2    Blom, D.3
  • 45
    • 78650708490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2010 ACCF/AHA Guideline for Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk in Asymptomatic Adults: A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines
    • P. Greenland, J.S. Alpert, G.A. Beller, and et al. 2010 ACCF/AHA Guideline for Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk in Asymptomatic Adults: A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines Circulation 122 2010 2748 2764
    • (2010) Circulation , vol.122 , pp. 2748-2764
    • Greenland, P.1    Alpert, J.S.2    Beller, G.A.3
  • 46
    • 79959344590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CT coronary plaque burden in asymptomatic patients with familial hypercholesterolaemia
    • L.A. Neefjes, G.-J.R. Ten Kate, A. Rossi, and et al. CT coronary plaque burden in asymptomatic patients with familial hypercholesterolaemia Heart 97 2011 1151 1157
    • (2011) Heart , vol.97 , pp. 1151-1157
    • Neefjes, L.A.1    Ten Kate, G.-J.R.2    Rossi, A.3
  • 47
    • 79959332777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of statins in familial hypercholesterolaemia: A long term cohort study
    • J. Versmissen, D.M. Oosterveer, M. Yazdanpanah, and et al. Efficacy of statins in familial hypercholesterolaemia: a long term cohort study Br Med J 337 2008 a2423
    • (2008) Br Med J , vol.337 , pp. a2423
    • Versmissen, J.1    Oosterveer, D.M.2    Yazdanpanah, M.3
  • 49
    • 84896696778 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rationale and design of the familial hypercholesterolemia foundation CAscade SCreening for Awareness and DEtection of Familial Hypercholesterolemia registry
    • E.C. O'Brien, M.T. Roe, E.S. Fraulo, and et al. Rationale and design of the familial hypercholesterolemia foundation CAscade SCreening for Awareness and DEtection of Familial Hypercholesterolemia registry Am Heart J 167 2014 342 349.e317
    • (2014) Am Heart J , vol.167 , pp. 342-349e317
    • O'Brien, E.C.1    Roe, M.T.2    Fraulo, E.S.3
  • 50
    • 84878995402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of international registries in enhancing the care of familial hypercholesterolaemia
    • E. Hammond, G.F. Watts, Y. Rubinstein, and et al. Role of international registries in enhancing the care of familial hypercholesterolaemia Int J Evid Based Healthc 11 2013 134 139
    • (2013) Int J Evid Based Healthc , vol.11 , pp. 134-139
    • Hammond, E.1    Watts, G.F.2    Rubinstein, Y.3
  • 51
    • 84889561126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low-density lipoprotein apheresis: An evidence-based analysis
    • Health Quality Ontario Low-density lipoprotein apheresis: an evidence-based analysis Ont Health Technol Assess Ser 7 2007 1 101
    • (2007) Ont Health Technol Assess ser , vol.7 , pp. 1-101
  • 52
    • 84883744910 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A systematic review of economic evaluations of the detection and treatment of familial hypercholesterolemia
    • Z. Ademi, G.F. Watts, A. Juniper, and D. Liew A systematic review of economic evaluations of the detection and treatment of familial hypercholesterolemia Int J Cardiol 167 2013 2391 2396
    • (2013) Int J Cardiol , vol.167 , pp. 2391-2396
    • Ademi, Z.1    Watts, G.F.2    Juniper, A.3    Liew, D.4
  • 53
    • 0033044612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of LDL receptor gene mutations in Italian patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia
    • S. Bertolini, S. Cassanelli, R. Garuti, and et al. Analysis of LDL receptor gene mutations in Italian patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 19 1999 408 418
    • (1999) Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol , vol.19 , pp. 408-418
    • Bertolini, S.1    Cassanelli, S.2    Garuti, R.3
  • 54
    • 84879315149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elevated PCSK9 Levels in Untreated Patients with Heterozygous or Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia and the Response to High-Dose Statin Therapy
    • F. Raal, V. Panz, A. Immelman, and G. Pilcher Elevated PCSK9 Levels in Untreated Patients With Heterozygous or Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia and the Response to High-Dose Statin Therapy J Am Heart Assoc 2 2013 e000028
    • (2013) J Am Heart Assoc , vol.2 , pp. e000028
    • Raal, F.1    Panz, V.2    Immelman, A.3    Pilcher, G.4
  • 56
    • 79959347897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Probabilistic cost-effectiveness analysis of cascade screening for familial hypercholesterolaemia using alternative diagnostic and identification strategies
    • L. Nherera, D. Marks, R. Minhas, M. Thorogood, and S.E. Humphries Probabilistic cost-effectiveness analysis of cascade screening for familial hypercholesterolaemia using alternative diagnostic and identification strategies Heart 97 2011 1175 1181
    • (2011) Heart , vol.97 , pp. 1175-1181
    • Nherera, L.1    Marks, D.2    Minhas, R.3    Thorogood, M.4    Humphries, S.E.5
  • 57
    • 84905913684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cascade Screening Based on Genetic Testing is Cost-effective: Evidence for the Implementation of Models of Care for Familial Hypercholesterolaemia
    • Z. Ademi, G.F. Watts, J. Pang, and et al. Cascade Screening Based on Genetic Testing is Cost-effective: Evidence for the Implementation of Models of Care for Familial Hypercholesterolaemia J Clin Lipidol 8 2014 390 400
    • (2014) J Clin Lipidol , vol.8 , pp. 390-400
    • Ademi, Z.1    Watts, G.F.2    Pang, J.3
  • 58
    • 53149146015 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What is the clinical utility of DNA testing in patients with familial hypercholesterolaemia?
    • S.E. Humphries, G. Norbury, S. Leigh, S.G. Hadfield, and D. Nair What is the clinical utility of DNA testing in patients with familial hypercholesterolaemia? Curr Opin Lipidol 19 2008 362 368
    • (2008) Curr Opin Lipidol , vol.19 , pp. 362-368
    • Humphries, S.E.1    Norbury, G.2    Leigh, S.3    Hadfield, S.G.4    Nair, D.5
  • 59
    • 79956263939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pediatric aspects of Familial Hypercholesterolemias: Recommendations from the National Lipid Association Expert Panel on Familial Hypercholesterolemia
    • S.R. Daniels, S.S. Gidding, and S.D. de Ferranti Pediatric aspects of Familial Hypercholesterolemias: Recommendations from the National Lipid Association Expert Panel on Familial Hypercholesterolemia J Clin Lipidol 5 2011 S30 S37
    • (2011) J Clin Lipidol , vol.5 , pp. S30-S37
    • Daniels, S.R.1    Gidding, S.S.2    De Ferranti, S.D.3
  • 60
    • 80053292217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Management of familial hypercholesterolemia in children and young adults: Consensus paper developed by a panel of lipidologists, cardiologists, paediatricians, nutritionists, gastroenterologists, general practitioners and a patient organization
    • O.S. Descamps, S. Tenoutasse, X. Stephenne, and et al. Management of familial hypercholesterolemia in children and young adults: Consensus paper developed by a panel of lipidologists, cardiologists, paediatricians, nutritionists, gastroenterologists, general practitioners and a patient organization Atherosclerosis 218 2011 272 280
    • (2011) Atherosclerosis , vol.218 , pp. 272-280
    • Descamps, O.S.1    Tenoutasse, S.2    Stephenne, X.3
  • 63
    • 84906223844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statin myopathy: The fly in the ointment for the prevention of cardiovascular disease in the 21st century?
    • H.I. Keen, J. Krishnarajah, T.R. Bates, and G.F. Watts Statin myopathy: the fly in the ointment for the prevention of cardiovascular disease in the 21st century? Expert Opin Drug Saf 13 2014 1227 1239
    • (2014) Expert Opin Drug Saf , vol.13 , pp. 1227-1239
    • Keen, H.I.1    Krishnarajah, J.2    Bates, T.R.3    Watts, G.F.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.