메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 122, Issue 25, 2010, Pages 2748-2764

2010 ACCF/AHA guideline for assessment of cardiovascular risk in asymptomatic adults: Executive summary: A report of the American College of cardiology foundation/American Heart association task force on practice guidelines

Author keywords

AHA Scientific Statements; asymptomatic adults; cardiovascular risk assessment; cardiovascular screening of asymptomatic adults; detection of coronary artery disease; risk factor assessment; subclinical coronary artery disease

Indexed keywords

APOLIPOPROTEIN; C REACTIVE PROTEIN; HEMOGLOBIN A1C; LIPOPROTEIN; NATRIURETIC FACTOR; PHOSPHOLIPASE A2;

EID: 78650708490     PISSN: 00097322     EISSN: 15244539     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1161/CIR.0b013e3182051bab     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (308)

References (63)
  • 1
    • 78650706231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ACCF/AHA Task Force on Practice Guidelines Available at and http:// circ. ahajournals.org/manual/. Accessed August 27, 2010
    • ACCF/AHA Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Methodologies and Policies from the ACCF/AHA Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Available at: http://assets.cardiosource.com/Methodology-Manual- for-ACC-AHA-Writing- Committees.pdf and http://circ. ahajournals.org/manual/. Accessed August 27, 2010.
    • Methodologies and Policies from the ACCF/AHA Task Force on Practice Guidelines
  • 2
    • 0030115839 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stratification of patients into high, medium and low risk subgroups for purposes of risk factor management
    • 27th Bethesda Conference: matching the intensity of risk factor management with the hazard for coronary disease events. Task Force 5
    • Califf RM, Armstrong PW, Carver JR, et al. 27th Bethesda Conference: matching the intensity of risk factor management with the hazard for coronary disease events. Task Force 5. Stratification of patients into high, medium and low risk subgroups for purposes of risk factor management. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1996;27:1007-19.
    • (1996) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.27 , pp. 1007-19
    • Califf, R.M.1    Armstrong, P.W.2    Carver, J.R.3
  • 3
    • 0033980090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Primary and subsequent coronary risk appraisal: New results from the Framingham Study
    • D'Agostino RB, Russell MW, Huse DM, et al. Primary and subsequent coronary risk appraisal: new results from the Framingham Study. Am Heart J. 2000;139:272-81.
    • (2000) Am Heart J , vol.139 , pp. 272-81
    • D'Agostino, R.B.1    Russell, M.W.2    Huse, D.M.3
  • 4
    • 60449094498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heart disease and stroke statistics-2009 update: A report from the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee
    • Lloyd-Jones D, Adams R, Carnethon M, et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics-2009 update: a report from the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. Circulation. 2009;119:e21-181.
    • (2009) Circulation , vol.119
    • Lloyd-Jones, D.1    Adams, R.2    Carnethon, M.3
  • 5
    • 0032807801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Public health burden of coronary disease risk factors among middle-aged and elderly men
    • Haapanene-Niemi, N, Vuovi, I, Pasanen M, et al. Public health burden of coronary disease risk factors among middle-aged and elderly men. Prev Med. 2009;4:343-8.
    • (2009) Prev Med , vol.4 , pp. 343-8
    • Haapanene-Niemi, N.1    Vuovi, I.2    Pasanen, M.3
  • 6
    • 34447261647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for atherosclerotic disease: Present and future
    • Vinereau D. Risk factors for atherosclerotic disease: present and future. Herz 2006;31 Suppl 3:5-24.
    • (2006) Herz , vol.31 , Issue.SUPPL. 3 , pp. 5-24
    • Vinereau, D.1
  • 7
    • 66349111734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Criteria for evaluation of novel markers of cardiovascular risk: A scientific statement from the American Heart Association
    • Hlatky MA, Greenland P, Arnett DK, et al. Criteria for evaluation of novel markers of cardiovascular risk: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2009;119:2408-16.
    • (2009) Circulation , vol.119 , pp. 2408-16
    • Hlatky, M.A.1    Greenland, P.2    Arnett, D.K.3
  • 8
    • 35848948166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology (STROBE) statement: Guidelines for reporting observational studies
    • von Elm E, Altman DG, Egger M, et al. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies. Ann Intern Med. 2007;147:573-7.
    • (2007) Ann Intern Med , vol.147 , pp. 573-7
    • Von Elm, E.1    Altman, D.G.2    Egger, M.3
  • 9
    • 28344442460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • When is a new prediction marker useful? A consideration of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 and C-reactive protein for stroke risk
    • Greenland P, O'Malley PG. When is a new prediction marker useful? A consideration of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 and C-reactive protein for stroke risk. Arch Intern Med. 2005;165:2454-6.
    • (2005) Arch Intern Med , vol.165 , pp. 2454-6
    • Greenland, P.1    O'Malley, P.G.2
  • 10
    • 33847109797 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use and misuse of the receiver operating characteristic curve in risk prediction
    • Cook NR. Use and misuse of the receiver operating characteristic curve in risk prediction. Circulation. 2007;115:928-35.
    • (2007) Circulation , vol.115 , pp. 928-35
    • Cook, N.R.1
  • 11
    • 38849091997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluating the added predictive ability of a new marker: From area under the ROC curve to reclassification and beyond
    • Pencina MJ, D'Agostino RB Sr, D'Agostino RB Jr, Vasan RS. Evaluating the added predictive ability of a new marker: from area under the ROC curve to reclassification and beyond. Stat Med. 2008;27:157-72.
    • (2008) Stat Med , vol.27 , pp. 157-72
    • Pencina, M.J.1    D'Agostino Sr., R.B.2    D'Agostino Jr., R.B.3    Vasan, R.S.4
  • 12
    • 0034945516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validation of the Framingham coronary heart disease prediction scores: Results of a multiple ethnic groups investigation
    • D'Agostino RB Sr, Grundy S, Sullivan LM, Wilson P. Validation of the Framingham coronary heart disease prediction scores: results of a multiple ethnic groups investigation. JAMA. 2001;286:180-7.
    • (2001) JAMA , vol.286 , pp. 180-7
    • D'Agostino Sr., R.B.1    Grundy, S.2    Sullivan, L.M.3    Wilson, P.4
  • 13
    • 0037154285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simple scoring scheme for calculating the risk of acute coronary events based on the 10 -year follow-up of the prospective cardiovascular Munster (PROCAM) study
    • Assmann G, Cullen P, Schulte H. Simple scoring scheme for calculating the risk of acute coronary events based on the 10 -year follow-up of the prospective cardiovascular Munster (PROCAM) study. Circulation. 2002;105:310-5.
    • (2002) Circulation , vol.105 , pp. 310-5
    • Assmann, G.1    Cullen, P.2    Schulte, H.3
  • 14
    • 33846996345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development and validation of improved algorithms for the assessment of global cardiovascular risk in women: The Reynolds Risk Score
    • Ridker PM, Buring JE, Rifai N, et al. Development and validation of improved algorithms for the assessment of global cardiovascular risk in women: the Reynolds Risk Score. JAMA. 2007;297:611-9.
    • (2007) JAMA , vol.297 , pp. 611-9
    • Ridker, P.M.1    Buring, J.E.2    Rifai, N.3
  • 15
    • 58749087343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular disease risk prediction with and without knowledge of genetic variation at chromosome 9p21.3
    • Paynter NP, Chasman DI, Buring JE, et al. Cardiovascular disease risk prediction with and without knowledge of genetic variation at chromosome 9p21.3. Ann Intern Med. 2009;150:65-72.
    • (2009) Ann Intern Med , vol.150 , pp. 65-72
    • Paynter, N.P.1    Chasman, D.I.2    Buring, J.E.3
  • 16
    • 40949112321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delivery of genomic medicine for common chronic adult diseases: A systematic review
    • Scheuner MT, Sieverding P, Shekelle PG. Delivery of genomic medicine for common chronic adult diseases: a systematic review. JAMA. 2008;299:1320-34.
    • (2008) JAMA , vol.299 , pp. 1320-34
    • Scheuner, M.T.1    Sieverding, P.2    Shekelle, P.G.3
  • 17
    • 64549142419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systematic review: Association of low-density lipoprotein subfractions with cardiovascular outcomes
    • Ip S, Lichtenstein AH, Chung M, et al. Systematic review: association of low-density lipoprotein subfractions with cardiovascular outcomes. Ann Intern Med. 2009;150:474-84.
    • (2009) Ann Intern Med , vol.150 , pp. 474-84
    • Ip, S.1    Lichtenstein, A.H.2    Chung, M.3
  • 18
    • 73449123365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • B-type natriuretic peptides and cardiovascular risk: Systematic review and meta-analysis of 40 prospective studies
    • DiAngelantonio E, Chowdhury R, Sarwar N, et al. B-type natriuretic peptides and cardiovascular risk: systematic review and meta-analysis of 40 prospective studies. Circulation. 2009;120:2177-87.
    • (2009) Circulation , vol.120 , pp. 2177-87
    • Diangelantonio, E.1    Chowdhury, R.2    Sarwar, N.3
  • 19
    • 56749106312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rosuvastatin to prevent vascular events in men and women with elevated C-reactive protein
    • Ridker PM, Danielson E, Fonseca FA, et al. Rosuvastatin to prevent vascular events in men and women with elevated C-reactive protein. N Engl J Med. 2008;359:2195-207.
    • (2008) N Engl J Med , vol.359 , pp. 2195-207
    • Ridker, P.M.1    Danielson, E.2    Fonseca, F.A.3
  • 20
    • 57749210419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C-reactive protein and parental history improve global cardiovascular risk prediction: The Reynolds Risk Score for men
    • Ridker PM, Paynter NP, Rifai N, et al. C-reactive protein and parental history improve global cardiovascular risk prediction: the Reynolds Risk Score for men. Circulation. 2008;118:2243-51.
    • (2008) Circulation , vol.118 , pp. 2243-51
    • Ridker, P.M.1    Paynter, N.P.2    Rifai, N.3
  • 21
    • 26244432388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of cholesterol-lowering treatment: Prospective meta-analysis of data from 90,056 participants in 14 randomised trials of statins
    • Baigent C, Keech A, Kearney PM, et al. Efficacy and safety of cholesterol-lowering treatment: prospective meta-analysis of data from 90,056 participants in 14 randomised trials of statins. Lancet. 2005;366:1267-78.
    • (2005) Lancet , vol.366 , pp. 1267-78
    • Baigent, C.1    Keech, A.2    Kearney, P.M.3
  • 22
    • 4644336398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of hemoglobin A1c with cardiovascular disease and mortality in adults: The European prospective investigation into cancer in Norfolk
    • Khaw KT, Wareham N, Bingham S, et al. Association of hemoglobin A1c with cardiovascular disease and mortality in adults: the European prospective investigation into cancer in Norfolk. Ann Intern Med. 2004;141:413-20.
    • (2004) Ann Intern Med , vol.141 , pp. 413-20
    • Khaw, K.T.1    Wareham, N.2    Bingham, S.3
  • 23
    • 33750925911 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glycated hemoglobin as a marker of cardiovascular risk
    • Khaw KT, Wareham N. Glycated hemoglobin as a marker of cardiovascular risk. Curr Opin Lipidol. 2006;17:637-43.
    • (2006) Curr Opin Lipidol , vol.17 , pp. 637-43
    • Khaw, K.T.1    Wareham, N.2
  • 24
    • 0037034257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention or metformin
    • Knowler WC, Barrett-Connor E, Fowler SE, et al. Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention or metformin. N Engl J Med. 2002;346:393-403.
    • (2002) N Engl J Med , vol.346 , pp. 393-403
    • Knowler, W.C.1    Barrett-Connor, E.2    Fowler, S.E.3
  • 25
    • 34047131663 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors associated with diabetes onset during metformin versus placebo therapy in the diabetes prevention program
    • Lachin JM, Christophi CA, Edelstein SL, et al. Factors associated with diabetes onset during metformin versus placebo therapy in the diabetes prevention program. Diabetes. 2007;56:1153-9.
    • (2007) Diabetes , vol.56 , pp. 1153-9
    • Lachin, J.M.1    Christophi, C.A.2    Edelstein, S.L.3
  • 26
    • 4644351335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meta-analysis: Glycosy-lated hemoglobin and cardiovascular disease in diabetes mellitus
    • Selvin E, Marinopoulos S, Berkenblit G, et al. Meta-analysis: glycosy-lated hemoglobin and cardiovascular disease in diabetes mellitus. Ann Intern Med. 2004;141:421-31.
    • (2004) Ann Intern Med , vol.141 , pp. 421-31
    • Selvin, E.1    Marinopoulos, S.2    Berkenblit, G.3
  • 27
    • 77649329576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glycated hemoglobin, diabetes, and cardiovascular risk in nondiabetic adults
    • Selvin E, Steffes MW, Zhu H, et al. Glycated hemoglobin, diabetes, and cardiovascular risk in nondiabetic adults. N Engl J Med. 2010;362:800-11.
    • (2010) N Engl J Med , vol.362 , pp. 800-11
    • Selvin, E.1    Steffes, M.W.2    Zhu, H.3
  • 29
    • 60149109376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proteinuria and stroke: A meta-analysis of cohort studies
    • Ninomiya T, Perkovic V, Verdon C, et al. Proteinuria and stroke: a meta-analysis of cohort studies. Am J Kidney Dis. 2009;53:417-25.
    • (2009) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.53 , pp. 417-25
    • Ninomiya, T.1    Perkovic, V.2    Verdon, C.3
  • 30
    • 1642535534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Albuminuria and cardiovascular risk in hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy: The LIFE study
    • Wachtell K, Ibsen H, Olsen MH, et al. Albuminuria and cardiovascular risk in hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy: the LIFE study. Ann Intern Med. 2003;139:901-6.
    • (2003) Ann Intern Med , vol.139 , pp. 901-6
    • Wachtell, K.1    Ibsen, H.2    Olsen, M.H.3
  • 31
    • 23844491509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low-grade albuminuria and incidence of cardiovascular disease events in nonhypertensive and nondiabetic individuals: The Framingham Heart Study
    • Arnlov J, Evans JC, Meigs JB, et al. Low-grade albuminuria and incidence of cardiovascular disease events in nonhypertensive and nondiabetic individuals: the Framingham Heart Study. Circulation. 2005;112:969-75.
    • (2005) Circulation , vol.112 , pp. 969-75
    • Arnlov, J.1    Evans, J.C.2    Meigs, J.B.3
  • 32
    • 85081413795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Collaborative meta-analysis of individual participant data from observational studies of Lp-PLA2 and cardiovascular diseases
    • Ballantyne C, Cushman M, Psaty B, et al. Collaborative meta-analysis of individual participant data from observational studies of Lp-PLA2 and cardiovascular diseases. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil. 2007;14:3-11.
    • (2007) Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil , vol.14 , pp. 3-11
    • Ballantyne, C.1    Cushman, M.2    Psaty, B.3
  • 33
    • 39549091690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 is an independent predictor of incident coronary heart disease in an apparently healthy older population: The Rancho Bernardo Study
    • Daniels LB, Laughlin GA, Sarno MJ, et al. Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 is an independent predictor of incident coronary heart disease in an apparently healthy older population: the Rancho Bernardo Study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2008;51:913-9.
    • (2008) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.51 , pp. 913-9
    • Daniels, L.B.1    Laughlin, G.A.2    Sarno, M.J.3
  • 34
    • 33846658406 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 and cardiovascular disease: A systematic review
    • Garza CA, Montori VM, McConnell JP, et al. Association between lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 and cardiovascular disease: a systematic review. Mayo Clin Proc. 2007;82:159-65.
    • (2007) Mayo Clin Proc , vol.82 , pp. 159-65
    • Garza, C.A.1    Montori, V.M.2    McConnell, J.P.3
  • 35
    • 4944261232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 adds to risk prediction of incident coronary events by C-reactive protein in apparently healthy middle-aged men from the general population: Results from the 14-year follow-up of a large cohort from southern Germany
    • Koenig W, Khuseyinova N, Lowel H, et al. Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 adds to risk prediction of incident coronary events by C-reactive protein in apparently healthy middle-aged men from the general population: results from the 14-year follow-up of a large cohort from southern Germany. Circulation. 2004;110:1903-8.
    • (2004) Circulation , vol.110 , pp. 1903-8
    • Koenig, W.1    Khuseyinova, N.2    Lowel, H.3
  • 36
    • 0036487125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electrocardiographic findings and global coronary risk assessment
    • De Bacquer D, DeBacker G. Electrocardiographic findings and global coronary risk assessment. Eur Heart J. 2002;23:268-70.
    • (2002) Eur Heart J , vol.23 , pp. 268-70
    • De Bacquer, D.1    Debacker, G.2
  • 37
    • 1642460667 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combined echocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy and electrocardiographic ST depression improve prediction of mortality in American Indians: The Strong Heart Study
    • Okin PM, Roman MJ, Lee ET, et al. Combined echocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy and electrocardiographic ST depression improve prediction of mortality in American Indians: the Strong Heart Study. Hypertension. 2004;43:769-74.
    • (2004) Hypertension , vol.43 , pp. 769-74
    • Okin, P.M.1    Roman, M.J.2    Lee, E.T.3
  • 38
    • 0034861378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An evidence-based review of the resting electrocardiogram as a screening technique for heart disease
    • Ashley EA, Raxwal V, Froelicher V. An evidence-based review of the resting electrocardiogram as a screening technique for heart disease. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2001;44:55-67.
    • (2001) Prog Cardiovasc Dis , vol.44 , pp. 55-67
    • Ashley, E.A.1    Raxwal, V.2    Froelicher, V.3
  • 39
    • 0026564596 scopus 로고
    • Guidelines for electrocardi-ography: A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Assessment of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Cardiovascular Procedures (Committee on Electrocardiography)
    • Schlant RC, Adolph RJ, DiMarco JP, et al. Guidelines for electrocardi-ography: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Assessment of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Cardiovascular Procedures (Committee on Electrocardiography). J Am Coll Cardiol. 1992;19:473-81.
    • (1992) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.19 , pp. 473-81
    • Schlant, R.C.1    Adolph, R.J.2    Dimarco, J.P.3
  • 40
    • 1842487441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Screening for coronary heart disease: Recommendation statement
    • U.S. Preventive Services Task Force
    • U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Screening for coronary heart disease: recommendation statement. Ann Intern Med. 2004;140:569-72.
    • (2004) Ann Intern Med , vol.140 , pp. 569-72
  • 41
    • 0035203498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Left ventricular mass and cardiovascular morbidity in essential hypertension: The MAVI study
    • Verdecchia P, Carini G, Circo A, et al. Left ventricular mass and cardiovascular morbidity in essential hypertension: the MAVI study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2001;38:1829-35.
    • (2001) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.38 , pp. 1829-35
    • Verdecchia, P.1    Carini, G.2    Circo, A.3
  • 42
    • 33746006511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prognostic implications of left ventricular mass among Hispanics: The Northern Manhattan Study
    • Rodriguez CJ, Lin F, Sacco RL, et al. Prognostic implications of left ventricular mass among Hispanics: the Northern Manhattan Study. Hypertension. 2006;48:87-92.
    • (2006) Hypertension , vol.48 , pp. 87-92
    • Rodriguez, C.J.1    Lin, F.2    Sacco, R.L.3
  • 43
    • 77950327422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carotid intima-media thickness and the presence or absence of plaque improves prediction of coronary heart disease risk in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study
    • Nambi V, Chambless L, Folsom A, et al. Carotid intima-media thickness and the presence or absence of plaque improves prediction of coronary heart disease risk in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. J Am Coll Cardiol 2010;55:1600-7.
    • (2010) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.55 , pp. 1600-7
    • Nambi, V.1    Chambless, L.2    Folsom, A.3
  • 44
    • 38849140265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of carotid ultrasound to identify subclinical vascular disease and evaluate cardiovascular disease risk: A consensus statement from the American Society of Echocardiog-raphy Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Task Force
    • Stein JH, Korcarz CE, Hurst RT, et al. Use of carotid ultrasound to identify subclinical vascular disease and evaluate cardiovascular disease risk: a consensus statement from the American Society of Echocardiog-raphy Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Task Force. J Am Soc Echocar-diogr. 2008;21:93-111.
    • (2008) J Am Soc Echocar-diogr , vol.21 , pp. 93-111
    • Stein, J.H.1    Korcarz, C.E.2    Hurst, R.T.3
  • 45
    • 34147203940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of peripheral vascular endothelial function in the ambulatory setting
    • Kuvin JT, Mammen A, Mooney P, et al. Assessment of peripheral vascular endothelial function in the ambulatory setting. Vasc Med. 2007;12:13-6.
    • (2007) Vasc Med , vol.12 , pp. 13-6
    • Kuvin, J.T.1    Mammen, A.2    Mooney, P.3
  • 46
    • 0032535699 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endothelium-dependent flow-mediated vasodilation in coronary and brachial arteries in suspected coronary artery disease
    • Takase B, Uehata A, Akima T, et al. Endothelium-dependent flow-mediated vasodilation in coronary and brachial arteries in suspected coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol. 1998;82:1535-8.
    • (1998) Am J Cardiol , vol.82 , pp. 1535-8
    • Takase, B.1    Uehata, A.2    Akima, T.3
  • 47
    • 47049084052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ankle brachial index combined with Framingham Risk Score to predict cardiovascular events and mortality: A meta-analysis
    • Fowkes FG, Murray GD, Butcher I, et al. Ankle brachial index combined with Framingham Risk Score to predict cardiovascular events and mortality: a meta-analysis. JAMA. 2008;300:197-208.
    • (2008) JAMA , vol.300 , pp. 197-208
    • Fowkes, F.G.1    Murray, G.D.2    Butcher, I.3
  • 48
    • 0141618311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exercise capacity and the risk of death in women: The St James Women Take Heart Project
    • Gulati M, Pandey DK, Arnsdorf MF, et al. Exercise capacity and the risk of death in women: the St James Women Take Heart Project. Circulation. 2003;108:1554-9.
    • (2003) Circulation , vol.108 , pp. 1554-9
    • Gulati, M.1    Pandey, D.K.2    Arnsdorf, M.F.3
  • 49
    • 42749093144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relation of heart rate parameters during exercise test to sudden death and all-cause mortality in asymptomatic men
    • Adabag AS, Grandits GA, Prineas RJ, et al. Relation of heart rate parameters during exercise test to sudden death and all-cause mortality in asymptomatic men. Am J Cardiol. 2008;101:1437-43.
    • (2008) Am J Cardiol , vol.101 , pp. 1437-43
    • Adabag, A.S.1    Grandits, G.A.2    Prineas, R.J.3
  • 50
    • 0032749573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between low cardiorespiratory fitness and mortality in normal-weight, overweight, and obese men
    • Wei M, Kampert JB, Barlow CE, et al. Relationship between low cardiorespiratory fitness and mortality in normal-weight, overweight, and obese men. JAMA. 1999;282:1547-53.
    • (1999) JAMA , vol.282 , pp. 1547-53
    • Wei, M.1    Kampert, J.B.2    Barlow, C.E.3
  • 51
    • 0037221387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ACC/AHA 2002 guideline update for the management of patients with chronic stable angina- summary article: A report of the American College of Cardiology/ American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Committee on the Management of Patients with Chronic Stable Angina)
    • Gibbons RJ, Abrams J, Chatterjee K, et al. ACC/AHA 2002 guideline update for the management of patients with chronic stable angina- summary article: a report of the American College of Cardiology/ American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Committee on the Management of Patients With Chronic Stable Angina). J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003;41:159-68.
    • (2003) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.41 , pp. 159-68
    • Gibbons, R.J.1    Abrams, J.2    Chatterjee, K.3
  • 52
    • 41449112372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coronary calcium as a predictor of coronary events in four racial or ethnic groups
    • Detrano R, Guerci AD, Carr JJ, et al. Coronary calcium as a predictor of coronary events in four racial or ethnic groups. N Engl J Med. 2008;358: 1336-45.
    • (2008) N Engl J Med , vol.358 , pp. 1336-45
    • Detrano, R.1    Guerci, A.D.2    Carr, J.J.3
  • 53
    • 0347722500 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coronary artery calcium score combined with Framingham score for risk prediction in asymptomatic individuals
    • Greenland P, LaBree L, Azen SP, et al. Coronary artery calcium score combined with Framingham score for risk prediction in asymptomatic individuals. JAMA. 2004;291:210-5.
    • (2004) JAMA , vol.291 , pp. 210-5
    • Greenland, P.1    Labree, L.2    Azen, S.P.3
  • 54
    • 37149016813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coronary artery calcium scores and risk for cardiovascular events in women classified as "low risk" based on Framingham risk score: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)
    • Lakoski SG, Greenland P, Wong ND, et al. Coronary artery calcium scores and risk for cardiovascular events in women classified as "low risk" based on Framingham risk score: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Arch Intern Med. 2007;167:2437-42.
    • (2007) Arch Intern Med , vol.167 , pp. 2437-42
    • Lakoski, S.G.1    Greenland, P.2    Wong, N.D.3
  • 55
    • 24044532028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coronary calcium independently predicts incident premature coronary heart disease over measured cardiovascular risk factors: Mean three-year outcomes in the Prospective Army Coronary Calcium (PACC) project
    • Taylor AJ, Bindeman J, Feuerstein I, et al. Coronary calcium independently predicts incident premature coronary heart disease over measured cardiovascular risk factors: mean three-year outcomes in the Prospective Army Coronary Calcium (PACC) project. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2005;46:807-14.
    • (2005) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.46 , pp. 807-14
    • Taylor, A.J.1    Bindeman, J.2    Feuerstein, I.3
  • 56
    • 58249092667 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coronary calcium predicts events better with absolute calcium scores than age-sex-race/ethnicity percentiles: MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis)
    • Budoff MJ, Nasir K, McClelland RL, et al. Coronary calcium predicts events better with absolute calcium scores than age-sex-race/ethnicity percentiles: MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis). J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009;53:345-52.
    • (2009) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.53 , pp. 345-52
    • Budoff, M.J.1    Nasir, K.2    McClelland, R.L.3
  • 57
    • 47349090039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coronary computed tomography angiography as a screening tool for the detection of occult coronary artery disease in asymptomatic individuals
    • Choi EK, Choi SI, Rivera JJ, et al. Coronary computed tomography angiography as a screening tool for the detection of occult coronary artery disease in asymptomatic individuals. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2008;52:357-65.
    • (2008) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.52 , pp. 357-65
    • Choi, E.K.1    Choi, S.I.2    Rivera, J.J.3
  • 58
    • 32044446172 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk stratification in uncomplicated type 2 diabetes: Prospective evaluation of the combined use of coronary artery calcium imaging and selective myocardial perfusion scintigraphy
    • Anand DV, Lim E, Hopkins D, et al. Risk stratification in uncomplicated type 2 diabetes: prospective evaluation of the combined use of coronary artery calcium imaging and selective myocardial perfusion scintigraphy. Eur Heart J. 2006;27:713-21.
    • (2006) Eur Heart J , vol.27 , pp. 713-21
    • Anand, D.V.1    Lim, E.2    Hopkins, D.3
  • 59
    • 54349085372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictive value of coronary calcifications for future cardiac events in asymptomatic patients with diabetes mellitus: A prospective study in 716 patients over 8 years
    • Becker A, Leber AW, Becker C, et al. Predictive value of coronary calcifications for future cardiac events in asymptomatic patients with diabetes mellitus: a prospective study in 716 patients over 8 years. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2008;8:27.
    • (2008) BMC Cardiovasc Disord , vol.8 , pp. 27
    • Becker, A.1    Leber, A.W.2    Becker, C.3
  • 60
    • 52449104073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coronary calcium measurement improves prediction of cardiovascular events in asymptomatic patients with type 2 diabetes: The PREDICT study
    • Elkeles RS, Godsland IF, Feher MD, et al. Coronary calcium measurement improves prediction of cardiovascular events in asymptomatic patients with type 2 diabetes: the PREDICT study. Eur Heart J. 2008;29:2244-51.
    • (2008) Eur Heart J , vol.29 , pp. 2244-51
    • Elkeles, R.S.1    Godsland, I.F.2    Feher, M.D.3
  • 61
    • 39749122665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of coronary artery disease and plaque morphology assessed by multi-slice computed tomography coronary angiography and calcium scoring in asymptomatic patients with type 2 diabetes
    • Scholte AJ, Schuijf JD, Kharagjitsingh AV, et al. Prevalence of coronary artery disease and plaque morphology assessed by multi-slice computed tomography coronary angiography and calcium scoring in asymptomatic patients with type 2 diabetes. Heart. 2008;94:290-5.
    • (2008) Heart , vol.94 , pp. 290-5
    • Scholte, A.J.1    Schuijf, J.D.2    Kharagjitsingh, A.V.3
  • 62
    • 36949033809 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictive value of coronary calcifications for future cardiac events in asymptomatic individuals
    • Becker A, Leber A, Becker C, Knez A. Predictive value of coronary calcifications for future cardiac events in asymptomatic individuals. Am Heart J. 2008;155:154-60.
    • (2008) Am Heart J , vol.155 , pp. 154-60
    • Becker, A.1    Leber, A.2    Becker, C.3    Knez, A.4
  • 63
    • 0037588713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 34th Bethesda Conference: Task force #1-identification of coronary heart disease risk: Is there a detection gap?
    • Pasternak RC, Abrams J, Greenland P, et al. 34th Bethesda Conference: task force #1-identification of coronary heart disease risk: is there a detection gap? J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003;41:1863-74.
    • (2003) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.41 , pp. 1863-74
    • Pasternak, R.C.1    Abrams, J.2    Greenland, P.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.