Evidence for insolation and Pacific forcing of late glacial through Holocene climate in the Central Mojave Desert (Silver Lake, CA)

Quaternary Research (United States)

Volumn 84, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 174-186

  Kirby, Matthew E ^a   Knell, Edward J ^a   Anderson, William T ^b   Lachniet, Matthew S ^c   Palermo, Jennifer ^a   Eeg, Holly ^a   Lucero, Ricardo ^a   Murrieta, Rosa ^a   Arevalo, Andrea ^a   Silveira, Emily ^a   Hiner, Christine A ^a  

^a CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA   (United States)

Author keywords

Drought; Holocene; Insolation; Late Glacial; Mojave Desert Silver Lake; Monsoon; Pacific; Pluvial; Sea surface temperatures; Sediments

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE; ATMOSPHERIC THERMODYNAMICS; DROUGHT; GLACIAL GEOLOGY; INCIDENT SOLAR RADIATION; LANDFORMS; OCEANOGRAPHY; SEDIMENTS; SILVER; SUBMARINE GEOPHYSICS; SURFACE PROPERTIES;

HOLOCENES; LATE GLACIAL; MOJAVE DESERT; MONSOON; PACIFIC; PLUVIAL; SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE (SST);

LAKES;

CLIMATE FORCING; DROUGHT; GRAIN SIZE; HOLOCENE; INSOLATION; LATE GLACIAL; MONSOON; PALEOCLIMATE; SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE; SEDIMENT CORE; SEDIMENTOLOGY; YOUNGER DRYAS;

CALIFORNIA; COAST RANGES; MOJAVE DESERT; MOJAVE RIVER; PACIFIC OCEAN; PACIFIC OCEAN (NORTH); SAN BERNARDINO MOUNTAINS; UNITED STATES;

EID: 84941995502     PISSN: 00335894     EISSN: 10960287     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.yqres.2015.07.003     Document Type: Article

References (115)

1. Abbott M.B., Stafford T.W.J. Radiocarbon geochemistry of modern and ancient Arctic lake systems, Baffin Island, Canada. Quaternary Research 1996, 45:300-311.
2. Adams D.K., Comrie A.C. The North American monsoon. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. 1997, 78:2197-2213.
3. Anderson R.Y. Short-term sedimentation response in lakes in Western United States as measured by automated sampling. Limnology and Oceanography 1977, 22:423-433.
4. Anderson R.Y. Rapid changes in Late Pleistocene precipitation and stream discharge determined from medium- and coarse-grained sediment in saline lakes. Global Planetary Change 2001, 28:73-83.
5. Anderson M., Whiteaker L., Wakefield E., Amrhein C. Properties and distribution of sediment in the Salton Sea, California: an assessment of predictive models. Hydrobiologia 2008, 604:97-110.
6. Andrews E.D., Antweiler R.C., Neiman P.J., Ralph F.M. Influence of ENSO on flood frequency along the California coast. Journal of Climate 2004, 17:337-348.
7. Antevs E. Climatic changes and pre-White man. The Great Basin, with emphasis on glacial and postglacial times. University of Utah Bulletin 1948, 38:166-191.
8. Ashok K., Sabin T.P., Swapna P., Murtugudde R.G. Is a global warming signature emerging in the tropical Pacific?. Geophysical Research Letters 2012, 39:L02701.
9. Asmerom Y., Polyak V., Burns S., Rassmussen J. Solar forcing of Holocene climate: new insights from a speleothem record, Southwestern United States. Geology 2007, 35:1-4.
10. Asmerom Y., Polyak V.J., Burns S.J. Variable winter moisture in the southwestern United States linked to rapid glacial climate shifts. Nature Geoscience 2010, 3:114-117.
11. Ault T.R., Cole J.E., Overpeck J.T., Pederson G.T., Meko D.M. Assessing the risk of persistent drought using climate model simulations and paleoclimate data. Journal of Climate 2014, 27:7529-7549.
12. Bacon S.N., Burke R.M., Pezzopane S.K., Jayko A.S. Last glacial maximum and Holocene lake levels of Owens Lake, Eastern California, USA. Quaternary Science Reviews 2006, 25:1264-1282.
13. Barron J.A., Heusser L., Herbert T., Lyle M. High-resolution climatic evolution of coastal Northern California during the past 16,000years. Paleoceanography 2003, 18:1020.
14. Barron J.A., Metcalfe S.E., Addison J.A. Response of the North American monsoon to regional changes in ocean surface temperature. Paleoceanography 2012, 27:PA3206.
15. Bird B.W., Kirby M.E. An alpine lacustrine record of early Holocene North American Monsoon dynamics from Dry Lake, Southern California (USA). Journal of Paleolimnology 2006, 35:179-192.
16. Bird B.W., Kirby M.E., Howat I.M., Tulaczyk S. Geophysical evidence for Holocene lake-level change in southern California (Dry Lake). Boreas 2010, 39:131-144.
17. Blaauw M., Christen J.A. Flexible Paleoclimate Age-Depth Models Using an Autoregressive Gamma Process. Bayesian Analysis 2011, 457-474.
18. Blaney H.F. Evaporation study at Silver Lake in the Mojave Desert, California. EOS Transactions 1957, 38:209-215.
19. Brodie C.R., Leng M.J., Casford J.S.L., Kendrick C.P., Lloyd J.M., Yongqiang Z., Bird M.I. Evidence for bias in C and N concentrations and δ13C composition of terrestrial and aquatic organic materials due to pre-analysis acid preparation methods. Chemical Geology 2011, 282:67-83.
20. Cai W., Borlace S., Lengaigne M., van Rensch P., Collins M., Vecchi G., Timmermann A., Santoso A., McPhaden M.J., Wu L., England M.H., Wang G., Guilyardi E., Jin F.-F. Increasing frequency of extreme El Nino events due to greenhouse warming. Nature Climate Change 2014, 4:111-116.
21. Cai W., Wang G., Santoso A., McPhaden M.J., Wu L., Jin F.-F., Timmermann A., Collins M., Vecchi G., Lengaigne M., England M.H., Dommenget D., Takahashi K., Guilyardi E. Increased frequency of extreme La Nina events under greenhouse warming. Nature Climate Change 2015, 5:132-137.
22. Castello A.F., Shelton M.L. Winter precipitation on the US Pacific coast and El Nino-Southern Oscillation events. International Journal of Climatology 2004, 24:481-497.
23. Cayan D.R., Roads J.O. Local relationships between United States West Coast precipitation and monthly mean circulation parameters. Monthly Weather Review 1984, 112:1276-1282.
24. Clement A.C., Seager R., Cane M.A. Orbital controls on the El Nino/Southern Oscillation and the tropical climate. Paleoceanography 1999, 14:441-456.
25. Clement A.C., Seager R., Cane M.A. Suppression of El Nino during the mid-Holocene by changes in the Earth's orbit. Paleoceanography 2000, 15:731-737.
26. Cobb K.M., Westphal N., Sayani H.R., Watson J.T., Di Lorenzo E., Cheng H., Edwards R.L., Charles C.D. Highly variable El Niño-Southern oscillation throughout the Holocene. Science 2013, 339:67-70.
27. Conroy J.L., Overpeck J.T., Cole J.E., Shanahan T.M., Steinitz-Kannan M. Holocene changes in eastern tropical Pacific climate inferred from a Galapagos lake sediment record. Quaternary Science Reviews 2008, 27:1166-1180.
28. Cook B.I., Seager R., Miller R.L. On the causes and dynamics of the early twentieth-century North American pluvial*. Journal of Climate 2011, 24:5043-5060.
29. Cook B.I., Ault T.R., Smerdon J.E. Unprecedented 21st century drought risk in the American Southwest and Central Plains. Science Advances 2015, 1.
30. Corbosiero K.L., Dickinson M.J., Bosart L.F. The contribution of eastern north Pacific tropical cyclones to the rainfall climatology of the Southwest United States. Monthly Weather Review 2009, 137:2415-2435.
31. Covault J.A., Romans B.W., Fildani A., McGann M., Graham S.A. Rapid climatic signal propagation from source to sink in a Southern California sediment-routing system. Journal of Geology 2010, 118:247-259.
32. Das T., Maurer E.P., Pierce D.W., Dettinger M.D., Cayan D.R. Increases in flood magnitudes in California under warming climates. Journal of Hydrology 2013, 501:101-110.
33. Davis O.K. Rapid climatic change in coastal Southern California inferred from pollen analysis of San Joaquin Marsh. Quaternary Research 1992, 37:89-100.
34. DeFlorio M.J., Pierce D.W., Cayan D.R., Miller A.J. Western U.S. extreme precipitation events and their relation to ENSO and PDO in CCSM4. Journal of Climate 2013, 26:4231-4243.
35. Dettinger M. Climate change, atmospheric rivers, and floods in California-a multimodel analysis of storm frequency and magnitude changes. Journal of the American Water Resources Association 2011, 47:514-523.
36. Dettinger M.D. Atmospheric rivers as drought busters on the US west coast. Journal of Hydrometeorology 2013, 14.
37. Ely L.L., Enzel Y., Baker V.R., Cayan D.R. A 5000-year record of extreme floods and climate change in the Southwestern United States. Science 1993, 262:410-412.
38. Ely L.L., Enzel Y., Cayan D.R. Anomalous North Pacific atmospheric circulation and large winter floods in the Southwestern United States. Journal of Climate 1994, 7:977-987.
39. Enzel Y., Wells S.G. Extracting Holocene paleohydrology and paleoclimatology information from modern extreme flood events: an example from Southern California. Geomorphology 1997, 19:203-226.
40. Enzel Y., Cayan D.R., Anderson R.Y., Wells S.G. Atmospheric circulation during Holocene lake stands in the Mojave Desert: evidence of regional climate change. Nature 1989, 341:44-47.
41. Enzel Y., Brown W.J., Anderson R.Y., McFadden L.D., Wells S.G. Short-duration Holocene lakes in the Mojave River drainage basin, Southern California. Quaternary Research 1992, 38:60-73.
42. Enzel Y., Wells S.G., Lancaster N. Late Pleistocene lakes along the Mojave River, southeast California. Paleoenvironments and Paleohydrology of the Mojave and Southern Great Basin Deserts 2003, 61-77. Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO. Y. Enzel, S.G. Wells, N. Lancaster (Eds.).
43. Gan B., Wu L. Seasonal and long-term coupling between wintertime storm tracks and sea surface temperature in the north Pacific. Journal of Climate 2013, 26:6123-6136.
44. Graham N.E., Hughes M.K., Ammann C.M., Cobb K.M., Hoerling M.P., Kennett D.J., Kennett J.P., Rein B., Stott L., Wigand P.E. Tropical Pacific-mid-latitude teleconnections in medieval times. Climate Change 2007, 83:241-285.
45. Hanson R., Dettinger M., Newhouse M. Relations between climatic variability and hydrologic time series from four alluvial basins across the southwestern United States. Hydrogeology Journal 2006, 14:1122-1146.
46. Haynes C.V. Younger Dryas "black mats" and the Rancholabrean termination in North America. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2008, 105:6520-6525.
47. Hereford R. Precipitation History of the Mojave Desert Region, 1893-2001 2004, Geological Survey, U. S.
48. Hereford R., Webb R.H., Longpre C.I. Precipitation history and ecosystem response to multidecadal precipitation variability in the Mojave Desert region, 1893-2001. Journal of Arid Environments 2006, 67:13-34.
49. Herweijer C., Seager R., Cook E.R. North American droughts of the mid to late nineteenth century: a history, simulation and implication for Mediaeval drought. The Holocene 2006, 16:159-171.
50. Higgins R.W., Yao Y., Wang X.L. Influence of the North American Monsoon System on the U.S. Summer Precipitation Regime. Journal of Climate 1997, 10:2600-2622.
51. Holmgren C.A., Betancourt J.L., Rylander K.A. A long-term vegetation history of the Mojave-Colorado desert ecotone at Joshua Tree National Park. Journal of Quaternary Science 2009, 25:222-236.
52. Ibarra D.E., Egger A.E., Weaver K.L., Harris C.R., Maher K. Rise and fall of late Pleistocene pluvial lakes in response to reduced evaporation and precipitation: evidence from Lake Surprise, California. Geological Society of America Bulletin 2014, B31014:31011.
53. Inman D.L., Jenkins S.A. Climate change and the episodicity of sediment flux of small California Rivers. Journal of Geology 1999, 107:251-270.
54. Karamperidou C., Di Nezio P.M., Timmermann A., Jin F.F., Cobb K.M. The response of ENSO flavors to mid-Holocene climate: implications for proxy interpretation. Paleoceanography 2015, 30:527-547.
55. Kerr R.A. Sea-floor dust shows drought felled Akkadian Empire. Science 1998, 279:325-326.
56. King T.J. Late Pleistocene-early Holocene history of coniferous woodlands in the Lucerne Valley region, Mohave Desert, California. Western North American Naturalist 1976, 36:227-238.
57. Kirby M.E., Lund S.P., Poulsen C.J. Hydrologic variability and the onset of modern El Nino-Southern Oscillation: a 19 250-year record from Lake Elsinore, Southern California. Journal of Quaternary Science 2005, 20:239-254.
58. Kirby M.E., Lund S.P., Bird B.W. Mid-Wisconsin sediment record from Baldwin Lake reveals hemispheric climate dynamics (Southern CA, USA). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 2006, 241:267-283.
59. Kirby M., Lund S., Anderson M., Bird B. Insolation forcing of Holocene climate change in Southern California: a sediment study from Lake Elsinore. Journal of Paleolimnology 2007, 38:395-417.
60. Kirby M., Lund S., Patterson W., Anderson M., Bird B., Ivanovici L., Monarrez P., Nielsen S. A Holocene record of Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO)-related hydrologic variability in Southern California (Lake Elsinore, CA). Journal of Paleolimnology 2010, 44:819-839.
61. Kirby M.E., Zimmerman S.R.H., Patterson W.P., Rivera J.J. A 9170-year record of decadal-to-multi-centennial scale pluvial episodes from the coastal Southwest United States: a role for atmospheric rivers?. Quaternary Science Reviews 2012, 46:57-65.
62. Kirby M.E., Feakins S.J., Bonuso N., Fantozzi J.M., Hiner C.A. Latest Pleistocene to Holocene hydroclimates from Lake Elsinore, California. Quaternary Science Reviews 2013, 76:1-15.
63. Kirby M.E., Feakins S.J., Hiner C.A., Fantozzi J., Zimmerman S.R.H., Dingemans T., Mensing S.A. Tropical Pacific forcing of Late-Holocene hydrologic variability in the coastal Southwest United States. Quaternary Science Reviews 2014, 102:27-38.
64. Knell E.J., Walden-Hurtgen L.C., Kirby M.E. Terminal Pleistocene-Early Holocene spatio-temporal and settlement patterns around pluvial lake Mojave, California. Journal of California and Great Basin Anthropology 2014, 34:43-60.
65. Kocurek G., Lancaster N. Aeolian system sediment state: theory and Mojave Desert Kelso dune field example. Sedimentology 1999, 46:505-515.
66. Koehler P.A., Anderson R.S., Spaulding W.G. Development of vegetation in the Central Mojave Desert of California during the late Quaternary. Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 2005, 215:297-311.
67. Koutavas A., Joanides S. El Niño-Southern Oscillation extrema in the Holocene and Last Glacial Maximum. Paleoceanography 2012, 27:PA4208.
68. Kutzbach J.E. Monsoon climate of the early Holocene: climate experiment with the earth's orbital parameters for 9000years ago. Science 1981, 214:59-61.
69. Kutzbach J.E., Street-Perrott F.A. Milankovitch Forcing of Fluctuations in the Level of Tropical Lakes from 18 to 0kyr BP. Nature 1985, 317:130-134.
70. Lachniet M.S., Denniston R.F., Asmerom Y., Polyak V.J. Orbital control of western North America atmospheric circulation and climate over two glacial cycles. Nature Communications 2014, 5.
71. Lancaster N., Tchakerian V.P. Late Quaternary Eolian Dynamics, Mojave Desert 2003, 231-249. California. SPECIAL PAPERS-GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA.
72. Laskar J., Joutel F., Boudin F. Orbital, precessional, and insolation quantities for the Earth from -20Myr to +10Myr. Astronomy and Astrophysics 1993, 270:522-533.
73. Liu Z., Shields C., Otto-Bliesner B., Kutzbach J., Li L. Coupled climate simulation of the evolution of global monsoons in the Holocene. Journal of Climate 2003, 16:2472-2490.
74. Magny M. Holocene climate variability as reflected by mid-European lake-level fluctuations and its probable impact on prehistoric human settlements. Quaternary International 2004, 113:65-79.
75. Maher K., Ibarra D.E., Oster J.L., Miller D.M., Redwine J.L., Reheis M.C., Harden J.W. Uranium isotopes in soils as a proxy for past infiltration and precipitation across the western United States. American Journal of Science 2014, 314:821-857.
76. McCabe-Glynn S., Johnson K.R., Strong C., Berkelhammer M., Sinha A., Cheng H., Edwards R.L. Variable North Pacific influence on drought in southwestern North America since AD 854. Nature Geosciences 2013, 6:617-621.
77. McFadden M.A., Patterson W.P., Mullins H.T., Anderson W.T. Multi-proxy approach to long- and short-term Holocene climate-change: evidence from eastern Lake Ontario. Journal of Paleolimnology 2005, 33:371-391.
78. Meltzer D.J. Human responses to middle Holocene (Altithermal) climates on the North American Great Plains. Quaternary Research 1999, 52:404-416.
79. Meyers P.A., Ishiwatari R. Lacustrine organic geochemistry-an overview of indicators of organic matter sources and diagenesis in lake sediments. Organic Geochemistry 1993, 20:867-900.
80. Miller D.M., Schmidt K.M., Mahan S.A., McGeehin J.P., Owen L.A., Barron J.A., Lehmkuhl F., Lohrer R. Holocene landscape response to seasonality of storms in the Mojave Desert. Quaternary International 2010, 215:45-61.
81. Namias J., Yuan X., Cayan D.R. Persistence of north Pacific sea surface temperature and atmospheric flow patterns. Journal of Climate 1988, 1:682-703.
82. Neelin J.D., Langenbrunner B., Meyerson J.E., Hall A., Berg N. California winter precipitation change under global warming in the coupled model intercomparison project phase 5 ensemble. Journal of Climate 2013, 26:6238-6256.
83. Negrini R.M. Pluvial lake sizes in the Northwestern Great Basin throughout the Quaternary Period. Great Basin Aquatics Systems History 2002, 11-52. Smithsonian Press, Washington, DC. Hersler (Ed.).
84. Negrini R.M., Wigand P.E., Draucker S., Gobalet K., Gardner J.K., Sutton M.Q., YoheIi R.M. The Rambla highstand shoreline and the Holocene lake-level history of Tulare Lake, California, USA. Quaternary Science Reviews 2006, 25:1599-1618.
85. Olsson I.U. Some problems in connection with the evaluation of C14 dates. Geologiska Föreningen i Stockholm Förhandlingar 1974, 96:311-320.
86. Oster J.L., Ibarra D.E., Winnick M.J., Maher K. Steering of westerly storms over western North America at the Last Glacial Maximum. Nature Geoscience 2015, 8:201-205.
87. Owen L.A., Finkel R.C., Minnich R.A., Perez A.E. Extreme southwestern margin of late Quaternary glaciation in North America: timing and controls. Geology 2003, 31:729-732.
88. Pierce D.W., Cayan D.R., Das T., Maurer E.P., Miller N.L., Bao Y., Kanamitsu M., Yoshimura K., Snyder M.A., Sloan L.C., Franco G., Tyree M. The key role of heavy precipitation events in climate model disagreements of future annual precipitation changes in California. Journal of Climate 2013, 26:5879-5896.
89. Pigati J.S., Miller D.M., Bright J.E., Mahan S.A., Nekola J.C., Paces J.B. Chronology, sedimentology, and microfauna of groundwater discharge deposits in the central Mojave Desert, Valley Wells, California. Geological Society of America Bulletin 2011, 123:2224-2239.
90. Pigati J.S., Rech J.A., Quade J., Bright J. Desert wetlands in the geologic record. Earth Science Reviews 2014, 132:67-81.
91. Quade J., Forester R.M., Pratt W.L., Carter C. Black mats, spring-fed streams, and late-glacial-age recharge in the southern Great Basin. Quaternary Research 1998, 49:129-148.
92. Ralph F.M., Neiman P.J., Wick G.A., Gutman S.I., Dettinger M.D., Cayan D.R., White A.B. Flooding on California's Russian River: role of atmospheric rivers. Geophysical Research Letters 2006, 33:L13801.
93. Redmond K.T., Koch R.W. Surface climate and streamflow variability in the Western United States and their relationship to large-scale circulation indices. Water Resources Research 1991, 27:2381-2399.
94. Reheis M.C., Shroba R.R., Harden J.W., McFadden L.D. Development rates of Late Quaternary soils, Silver Lake Playa California. Soil Science of America Journal 1989, 1127-1140.
95. Reheis M.C., Bright J., Lund S.P., Miller D.M., Skipp G., Fleck R.J. A half-million-year record of paleoclimate from the Lake Manix Core, Mojave Desert, California. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 2012, 365-366:11-37.
96. Reimer P.J., Baillie M.G.L., Bard E., Bayliss A., Beck J.W., Blackwell P.G., Ramsey C.B., Buck C.E., Burr G.S., Edwards R.L., Friedrich M., Grootes P.M., Guilderson T.P., Hajdas I., Heaton T.J., Hogg A.G., Hughen K.A., Kaiser K.F., Kromer B., McCormac F.G., Manning S.W., Reimer R.W., Richards D.A., Southon J.R., Talamo S., Turney C.S.M., van der Plicht J., Weyhenmeye C.E. Intcal09 and Marine09 radiocarbon age calibration curves, 0-50,000years cal BP. Radiocarbon 2009, 51:1111-1150.
97. Ritchie E.A., Wood K.M., Gutzler D.S., White S.R. The influence of eastern Pacific tropical cyclone remnants on the southwestern United States. Monthly Weather Review 2010, 139:192-210.
98. Rowan D.J., Kalff J., Rasmussen J.B. Estimating the mud deposition boundary depth in lakes from wave theory. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 1992, 49:2490-2497.
99. Santoso A., McGregor S., Jin F.-F., Cai W., England M.H., An S.-I., McPhaden M.J., Guilyardi E. Late-Twentieth-Century Emergence of the El Nino Propagation Asymmetry and Future Projections. Nature 2005, 504:126-130.
100. Schollaen K., Karamperidou C., Krusic P., Cook E., Helle G. ENSO flavors in a tree-ring δ 18 O record of Tectona grandis from Indonesia. Climate of the Past Discussions 2014, 10:3965-3987.
101. Seager R., Harnik N., Robinson W., Kushnir Y., Ting M., Huang H.P., Velez J. Mechanisms of ENSO-forcing of hemispherically symmetric precipitation variability. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 2005, 131:1501-1527.
102. Seager R., Ting M., Li C., Naik N., Cook B., Nakamura J., Liu H. Projections of declining surface-water availability for the southwestern United States. Nature Climate Change 2013, 3:482-486.
103. Shanahan T.M., McKay N.P., Hughen K.A., Overpeck J.T., Otto-Bliesner B., Heil C.W., King J., Scholz C.A., Peck J. The time-transgressive termination of the African Humid Period. Nature Geoscience 2015, 8:140-144.
104. Sharp R.P. Kelso Dunes, Mojave Desert, California. Geological Society of America Bulletin 1966, 77:1045-1074.
105. Spaulding W.G. A middle Holocene vegetation record from the Mojave Desert of North America and its paleoclimatic significance. Quaternary Research 1991, 35:427-437.
106. Spaulding W.G., Graumlich L.J. The last pluvial climatic episodes in the deserts of southwestern North America. Nature 1986, 320:441-444.
107. Tchakerian V.P. Late Quaternary aeolian geomorphology of the Dale Lake sand sheet, southern Mojave Desert, California. Physical Geography 1991, 12:347-369.
108. Van Devender T.R., Spaulding W.G. Development of vegetation and climate in the southwestern United States. Science 1979, 204:701-710.
109. Veth P., Smith M., Hiscock P. Desert Peoples: Archaeological Perspectives 2008, John Wiley & Sons.
110. Wagner J.D.M., Cole J.E., Beck J.W., Patchett P.J., Henderson G.M., Barnett H.R. Moisture variability in the southwestern United States linked to abrupt glacial climate change. Nature Geoscience 2010, 3:110-113.
111. Wang F., Liu Z., Notaro M. Extracting the dominant sst modes impacting North America's observed climate. Journal of Climate 2013, 26:5434-5452.
112. Warrick J.A., Barnard P.L. The offshore export of sand during exceptional discharge from California rivers. Geology 2012, 40:787-790.
113. Warrick J.A., Mertes L.A.K. Sediment yield from the tectonically active semiarid Western Transverse Ranges of California. Geological Society of America Bulletin 2009, 121:1054-1070.
114. Wells S.G., McFadden L.D., Dohrenwend J.C. Influence of late Quaternary climatic changes on geomorphic and pedogenic processes on a desert piedmont, eastern Mojave Desert, California. Quaternary Research 1987, 27:130-146.
115. Wells S.G., Brown J.B., Enzel Y., Anderson R.Y., McFadden L.D. Late Quaternary geology and paleohydrology of pluvial Lake Mojave, Southern California. Paleoenvironments and Paleohydrology of the Mojave and Southern Great Basin Deserts 2003, 79-115. Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO. Y. Enzel, S.G. Wells, N. Lancaster (Eds.).