Probing Interlayer Interactions in Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Heterostructures by Optical Spectroscopy: MoS2/WS2 and MoSe2/WSe2

Nano Letters

Volumn 15, Issue 8, 2015, Pages 5033-5038

  Rigosi, Albert F ^a   Hill, Heather M ^a   Li, Yilei ^a   Chernikov, Alexey ^a   Heinz, Tony F ^a  

^a Och Spine at New York Presbyterian Hospitals   (United States)

Author keywords

2D materials; charge transfer; heterostructures; lifetime broadening; transition metal dichalcogenides

Indexed keywords

ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; CHARGE TRANSFER; EXCITONS; HETEROJUNCTIONS; LAYERED SEMICONDUCTORS; LIGHT ABSORPTION; MOLYBDENUM COMPOUNDS; VAN DER WAALS FORCES;

CHARGE SEPARATIONS; CHARGE TRANSFER PROCESS; EXCITONIC TRANSITION; INTERLAYER INTERACTIONS; LIFETIME BROADENING; OPTICAL SPECTROSCOPY; SPECTRAL BROADENING; TRANSITION METAL DICHALCOGENIDES;

TRANSITION METALS;

DISULFIDE; MOLYBDENUM; MOLYBDENUM DISULFIDE; SELENIUM DERIVATIVE; TRANSITION ELEMENT; TUNGSTEN DERIVATIVE;

CHEMISTRY; SEMICONDUCTOR; SPECTROSCOPY;

DISULFIDES; MOLYBDENUM; SELENIUM COMPOUNDS; SEMICONDUCTORS; SPECTRUM ANALYSIS; TRANSITION ELEMENTS; TUNGSTEN COMPOUNDS;

EID: 84939233707     PISSN: 15306984     EISSN: 15306992     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b01055     Document Type: Article

References (53)

1. Novoselov, K. S.; Jiang, D.; Schedin, F.; Booth, T. J.; Khotkevich, V. V.; Morozov, S. V.; Geim, A. K. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2005, 102, 10451 10.1073/pnas.0502848102
2. Wang, Q.; Kalantar-Zadeh, K.; Kis, A.; Coleman, J. N.; Strano, M. S. Electronics and optoelectronics of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides Nat. Nanotechnol. 2012, 7, 699-712 10.1038/nnano.2012.193
3. Grigorieva, I. V.; Geim, A. K. van der Waals Heterostructures Nature 2013, 499, 419-425 10.1038/nature12385
4. Butler, S. Z.; Hollen, S. M.; Cao, L.; Cui, Y.; Gupta, J. A.; Gutiérrez, H. R.; Heinz, T. F.; Hong, S. S.; Huang, J.; Ismach, A. F.; Johnston-Halperin, E.; Kuno, M.; Plashnitsa, V. V.; Robinson, R. D.; Ruoff, R. S.; Salahuddin, S.; Shan, J.; Shi, L.; Spencer, M. G.; Terrones, M.; Windl, W.; Goldberger, J. E. Progress, challenges, and opportunities in two-dimensional materials beyond graphene ACS Nano 2013, 7 (4) 2898-2926 10.1021/nn400280c
5. Das, S.; Robinson, J. A.; Dubey, M.; Terrones, H.; Terrones, M. Beyond Graphene: Progress in Novel Two-Dimensional Materials and van der Waals Solids Annu. Rev. Mater. Res. 2015, 45, 1 10.1146/annurev-matsci-070214-021034
6. Chen, Z.-G.; Shi, Z.; Yang, W.; Lu, X.; Lai, Y.; Yan, H.; Wang, F.; Zhang, G.; Li, Z. Observation of an intrinsic bandgap and Landau level renormalization in graphene/boron-nitride Nat. Commun. 2014, 5, 4461 10.1038/ncomms5461
7. Ju, L.; Velasco, J.; Huang, E.; Kahn, S.; Nosiglia, C.; Tsai, H.-Z.; Yang, W.; Taniguchi, T.; Watanabe, K.; Zhang, Y. Photoinduced Doping in Heterostructures of Graphene and Boron Nitride Nat. Nanotechnol. 2014, 9, 348-352 10.1038/nnano.2014.60
8. Jariwala, D.; Sangwan, V. K.; Lauhon, L. J.; Marks, T. J.; Hersam, M. C. Emerging Device Applications for Semiconducting Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenides ACS Nano 2014, 8, 1102-1120 10.1021/nn500064s
9. Hunt, B.; Sanchez-Yamagishi, J. D.; Young, A. F.; Yankowitz, M.; LeRoy, B. J.; Watanabe, K.; Taniguchi, T.; Moon, P.; Koshino, M.; Jarillo-Herrero, P.; Ashoori, R. C. Massive Dirac fermions and Hofstadter butterfly in a van der Waals heterostructure Science 2013, 340 (6139) 1427-1430 10.1126/science.1237240
10. Dean, C. R.; Wang, L.; Maher, P.; Forsythe, C.; Ghahari, F.; Gao, Y.; Katoch, J.; Ishigami, M.; Moon, P.; Koshino, M.; Taniguchi, T.; Watanabe, K.; Shepard, K. L.; Hone, J.; Kim, P. Hofstadters butterfly and the fractal quantum Hall effect in moiré superlattices Nature 2013, 497 (7451) 598-602 10.1038/nature12186
11. van der Zande, A. M.; Kunstmann, J.; Chernikov, A.; Chenet, D. A.; You, Y.; Zhang, X.; Huang, P. Y.; Berkelbach, T. C.; Wang, L.; Zhang, F.; Hybertsen, M. S.; Muller, D. A.; Reichman, D. R.; Heinz, T. F.; Hone, J. C. Tailoring the electronic structure in bilayer molybdenum disulfide via interlayer twist Nano Lett. 2014, 14, 3869-3875 10.1021/nl501077m
12. 2 Bilayers Nat. Commun. 2014, 5, 4966 10.1038/ncomms5966
13. Wilson, J. A.; Yoffe, A. D. The Transition Metal Dichalcogenides Discussion and Interpretation of the Observed Optical, Electrical and Structural Properties Adv. Phys. 1969, 18, 193-335 10.1080/00018736900101307
14. Neville, R. A.; Evans, B. L. The Band Edge Excitons in 2H-MoS2 Phys. Status Solidi B 1976, 73, 597 10.1002/pssb.2220730227
15. 2 Nano Lett. 2010, 10, 1271-1275 10.1021/nl903868w
16. 2: A New Direct-Gap Semiconductor Phys. Rev. Lett. 2010, 105, 136805 10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.136805
17. Chiu, M.-H.; Zhang, C.; Shiu, H. W.; Chu, C.-P.; Chen, C.-H.; Chang, C.-Y. S.; Chen, C.-H.; Chou, M.-Y. Determination of Band Alignment in Transition Metal Dichalcogenides Heterojunctions. 2014, http://arxiv.org/abs/1406.5137v1. arXiv.org e-Print archive. http://arxiv.org/abs/1406.5137v3 (accessed August 2014).
18. Yu, Y.; Hu, S.; Su, L.; Huang, L.; Liu, Y.; Jin, Z.; Purezky, A. A.; Geohegan, D. B.; Kim, K. W.; Zhang, Y.; Cao, L. Equally Efficient Interlayer Exciton Relaxation and Improved Absorption in Epitaxial and Nonepitaxial MoS2/WS2 Heterostructures Nano Lett. 2015, 15 (1) 486-491 10.1021/nl5038177
19. 2 Heterostructures Nat. Nanotechnol. 2014, 9, 682-686 10.1038/nnano.2014.167
20. Rivera, P.; Schaibley, J. R.; Jones, A. M.; Ross, J. S.; Wu, S.; Aivazian, G.; Klement, P.; Ghimire, N. J.; Yan, J.; Mandrus, D. G.; Yao, W.; Xu, X. Observation of Long-Lived Interlayer Excitons in Monolayer MoSe2-WSe2 Heterostructures Nat. Commun. 2015, 6, 6242 10.1038/ncomms7242
21. Fang, H.; Battaglia, C.; Carraro, C.; Nemsak, S.; Ozdol, B.; Kang, J. S.; Bechtel, H. A.; Desai, S. B.; Kronast, F.; Unal, A. A. Strong Interlayer Coupling in van der Waals Heterostructures Built from Single-Layer Chalcogenides Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2014, 111, 6198 10.1073/pnas.1405435111
22. Gong, Y.; Lin, J.; Wang, X.; Shi, G.; Lei, S.; Lin, Z.; Zou, X.; Ye, G.; Vajtai, R.; Yakobson, B. I.; Terrones, H.; Terrones, M.; Tay, B. K.; Lou, J.; Pantelides, S. T.; Liu, Z.; Zhou, W.; Ajayan, P. M. Vertical and in-plane heterostructures from WS2/MoS2 monolayers Nat. Mater. 2014, 13, 1135-1142 10.1038/nmat4091
23. Chiu, M.-H.; Li, M.-Y.; Zhang, W.; Hsu, W.-T.; Chang, W.-H.; Terrones, M.; Terrones, H.; Li, L.-J. Spectroscopic Signatures for Interlayer Coupling in MoS2 WSe2 van der Waals Stacking ACS Nano 2014, 8 (9) 9646-9656 10.1021/nn504229z
24. Liu, K.; Yan, Q.; Chen, M.; Fan, W.; Sun, Y.; Suh, J.; Fu, D.; Lee, S.; Zhou, J.; Tongay, S.; Ji, J.; Neaton, J. B.; Wu, J. Elastic Properties of Chemical-Vapor-Deposited Monolayer MoS2, WS2, and Their Bilayer Heterostructures Nano Lett. 2014, 14, 5097-5103 10.1021/nl501793a
25. 2 Monolayers Nano Lett. 2014, 14 (6) 3185-3190 10.1021/nl500515q
26. 2 and Its van der Waals Heterostructures ACS Nano 2014, 8, 6655-6662 10.1021/nn405685j
27. 2 van der Waals Heterostructure ACS Nano 2014, 8, 12717 10.1021/nn505736z
28. 2 Heterojunction Phys. Rev. B: Condens. Matter Mater. Phys. 2013, 87, 075451 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.075451
29. Komsa, H. P.; Krasheninnikov, A. V. Electronic Structures and Optical Properties of Realistic Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Heterostructures from First Principles Phys. Rev. B: Condens. Matter Mater. Phys. 2013, 88, 085318 10.1103/PhysRevB.88.085318
30. Mak, K. F.; Sfeir, M. Y.; Wu, Y.; Lui, C. H.; Misewich, J. A.; Heinz, T. F. Measurement of the optical conductivity of graphene Phys. Rev. Lett. 2008, 101, 196405 10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.196405
31. Li, Y.; Chernikov, A.; Zhang, X.; Rigosi, A.; Hill, H.; Van Der Zande, A. M.; Chenet, D. A.; Shih, E.; Hone, J.; Heinz, T. F. Measurement of the optical dielectric function of monolayer transition-metal dichalcogenides: MoS2, MoSe2, WS2, and WSe2 Phys. Rev. B: Condens. Matter Mater. Phys. 2014, 90, 205422 10.1103/PhysRevB.90.205422
32. 2 ACS Nano 2013, 7, 791-797 10.1021/nn305275h
33. Liu, G.-B.; Shan, W.-Y.; Yao, Y.; Yao, W.; Xiao, D. Three-Band Tight-Binding Model for Monolayers of Group-VIB Transition Metal Dichalcogenides Phys. Rev. B: Condens. Matter Mater. Phys. 2013, 88, 085433 10.1103/PhysRevB.88.085433
34. Qiu, D. Y.; da Jornada, F. H.; Louie, S. G. Optical spectrum of MoS 2: Many-body effects and diversity of exciton states Phys. Rev. Lett. 2013, 111, 216805 10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.216805
35. Carvalho, A.; Ribeiro, R. M.; Neto, A. H. C. Band Nesting and the Optical Response of Two-Dimensional Semiconducting Transition Metal Dichalcogenides Phys. Rev. B: Condens. Matter Mater. Phys. 2013, 88, 115205 10.1103/PhysRevB.88.115205
36. Qiu, D. Y.; da Jornada, F. H.; Louie, S. G. Optical spectrum of MoS 2: many-body effects and diversity of exciton states Phys. Rev. Lett. 2013, 111, 216805 10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.216805
37. 2 Nano Lett. 2013, 14, 202-206 10.1021/nl403742j
38. Spataru, C. D.; Ismael-Beigi, S.; Capaz, R. B.; Louie, S. G. Quasiparticle and excitonic effects in the optical response of nanotubes and nanoribbons Top. Appl. Phys. 2008, 111, 195-227 10.1007/978-3-540-72865-8-6
39. 2 Phys. Rev. Lett. 2014, 113, 113076802 10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.076802
40. Hill, H. M.; Rigosi, A. F.; Roquelet, C.; Chernikov, A.; Berkelbach, T. C.; Reichman, D. R.; Hybertsen, M. S.; Brus, L. E.; Heinz, T. F. Observation of Excitonic Rydberg States in Monolayer MoS2 and WS2 by Photoluminescence Excitation Spectroscopy Nano Lett. 2015, 15, 2992 10.1021/nl504868p
41. Wang, G.; Bouet, L.; Lagarde, D.; Vidal, M.; Balocchi, A.; Amand, T.; Marie, X.; Urbaszek, B. Valley dynamics probed through charged and neutral exciton emission in monolayer WSe2 Phys. Rev. B: Condens. Matter Mater. Phys. 2014, 90, 075413 10.1103/PhysRevB.90.075413
42. Korn, T.; Heydrich, S.; Hirmer, M.; Schmutzler, J.; Schüller, C. Low-temperature photocarrier dynamics in monolayer MoS2 Appl. Phys. Lett. 2011, 99, 102109 10.1063/1.3636402
43. Prins, F.; Goodman, A. J.; Tisdale, W. A. Reduced Dielectric Screening and Enhanced Energy Transfer in Single-and Few-Layer MoS2 Nano Lett. 2014, 14 (11) 6087-6091 10.1021/nl5019386
44. Swathi, R. S.; Sebastian, K. L. Resonance energy transfer from a dye molecule to graphene J. Chem. Phys. 2008, 129, 054703/1-9 10.1063/1.2956498
45. Swathi, R. S.; Sebastian, K. L. Long range resonance energy transfer from a dye molecule to graphene has (distance)(-4) dependence J. Chem. Phys. 2009, 130, 086101/1-3
46. Hill, J.; Heriot, S. Y.; Worsfold, O.; Richardson, T. H.; Fox, A. M. Controlled Förster energy transfer in emissive polymer Langmuir-Blodgett structures Phys. Rev. B: Condens. Matter Mater. Phys. 2004, 69, 041303-1 10.1103/PhysRevB.69.041303
47. Terrones, H.; Lopez-Urias, F.; Terrones, M. Novel hetero-layered materials with tunable direct band gaps by sandwiching different metal disulfides and diselenides Sci. Rep. 2013, 3, 1549 10.1038/srep01549
48. Kang, J.; Tongay, S.; Zhou, J.; Li, J.; Wu, J. Band offsets and Heterostructures of Two-Dimensional Semiconductors Appl. Phys. Lett. 2013, 102, 012111 10.1063/1.4774090
49. Gong, C.; Zhang, H. J.; Wang, W. H.; Colombo, L.; Wallace, R. M.; Cho, K. J. Band Alignment of Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenides: Application in Tunnel Field Effect Transistors Appl. Phys. Lett. 2013, 103, 053513 10.1063/1.4817409
50. Wurth, W.; Menzel, D. Ultrafast electron dynamics at surfaces probed by resonant Auger spectroscopy Chem. Phys. 2000, 251, 141 10.1016/S0301-0104(99)00305-5
51. Gudde, J.; Hofer, U. Femtosecond time-resolved studies of image-potential states at surfaces and interfaces of rare-gas adlayers Prog. Surf. Sci. 2005, 80, 49-91 10.1016/j.progsurf.2005.10.003
52. Vacar, D.; Maniloff, E. S.; McBranch, D. W.; Heeger, A. J. Charge-transfer range for photoexcitations in conjugated polymer/fullerene bilayers and blends Phys. Rev. B: Condens. Matter Mater. Phys. 1997, 56, 4573 10.1103/PhysRevB.56.4573
53. Alexander, M. G. W.; Nido, M.; Ruhle, W. W. Resonant and nonresonant tunneling in GaAs/AIGaAs Asymmetric double quantum wells Superlattices Microstruct. 1991, 9, 1 10.1016/0749-6036(91)90097-B