Payoff information biases a fast guess process in perceptual decision making under deadline pressure: Evidence from behavior, evoked potentials, and quantitative model comparison

Journal of Neuroscience

Volumn 35, Issue 31, 2015, Pages 10989-11011

  Noorbaloochi, Sharareh ^a   Sharon, Dahlia ^a   McClelland, James L ^a  

^a STANFORD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Bias; Decision making; Fast guess; Lateralization of readiness potential (LRP); Payoff; Reward

Indexed keywords

ACCURACY; ADULT; ARTICLE; DECISION MAKING; DYNAMOMETRY; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY; FEMALE; HEMISPHERIC DOMINANCE; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; LATENT PERIOD; MALE; PERCEPTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RESPONSE TIME; REWARD; TASK PERFORMANCE; TRAINING; VISUAL FEEDBACK; VISUAL STIMULATION; BRAIN; EVOKED RESPONSE; PHYSIOLOGY; PSYCHOMOTOR PERFORMANCE; REACTION TIME; YOUNG ADULT;

ADULT; BRAIN; DECISION MAKING; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY; EVOKED POTENTIALS; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; PSYCHOMOTOR PERFORMANCE; REACTION TIME; REWARD; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84938813686     PISSN: 02706474     EISSN: 15292401     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0017-15.2015     Document Type: Article

References (55)

1. Ashby FG (1983) A biased random walk model for two choice reaction times. Journal of Mathematical Psychology 27:277–297. CrossRef
2. Baayen RH (2008) Exploratory data analysis: an introduction to R for the language sciences. Cambridge: Cambridge UP
3. Bates DM, Maechler M, Dai B (2009) lme4: Linear mixed-effects models using S4 classes. R package version 0.999375-20. Available from: http://lme4.r-forge.r-project.org/. Accessed December 10, 2010.
4. Bogacz R, Brown E, Moehlis J, Holmes P, Cohen JD (2006) The physics of optimal decision making: a formal analysis of models of performance in two-alternative forced-choice tasks. Psychological Review 113:700–765. CrossRef Medline
5. Brainard DH (1997) The psychophysics toolbox. Spat Vis 10:433–436. CrossRef Medline
6. Brown SD, Heathcote A (2008) The simplest complete model of choice response time: linear ballistic accumulation. Cogn Psychol 57:153–178. CrossRef Medline
7. Busemeyer JR, Townsend JT (1993) Decision field theory: a dynamic-cognitive approach to decision making in an uncertain environment. Psychological Review 100:432–459. CrossRef Medline
8. Carpenter RH, Williams ML (1995) Neural computation of log likelihood in the control of saccadic eye movements. Nature 377:59–62. CrossRef Medline
9. Coles MG (1989) Modern mind-brain reading: Psychophysiology, physiology, and cognition. Psychophysiology 26:251–269. CrossRef Medline
10. Delorme A, Makeig S (2004) EEGLAB: an open source toolbox for analysis of single-trial EEG dynamics. J Neurosci Methods 134:9–21. CrossRef Medline
11. Diederich A (2008) A further test of sequential-sampling models that account for payoff effects on response bias in perceptual decision tasks. Percept Psychophys 70:229–256. CrossRef Medline
12. Diederich A, Busemeyer JR (2006) Modeling the effects of payoff on response bias in a perceptual discrimination task: bound-change, drift rate-change, or two-stage-processing hypothesis. Percept Psychophys 68: 194–207. CrossRef Medline
13. Edwards W (1965) Optimal strategies for seeking information - models for statistics, choice reaction-times, and human information-processing. Journal of Mathematical Psychology 2:312–329. CrossRef
14. Feng S, Holmes P, Rorie A, Newsome WT (2009) Can monkeys choose optimally when faced with noisy stimuli and unequal rewards? PLoS Comput Biol 5:e1000284. CrossRef Medline
15. Forstmann BU, Brown S, Dutilh G, Neumann J, Wagenmakers EJ (2010) The neural substrate of prior information in perceptual decision making: a model-based analysis. Front Hum Neurosci 4:40. Medlin
16. Gao J, Tortell R, McClelland JL (2011) Dynamic integration of reward and stimulus information in perceptual decision-making. PLoS One 6:e16749. CrossRef Medline
17. Gold JI, Shadlen MN (2007) The neural basis of decision making. Annu Rev Neurosci 30:535–574. CrossRef Medline
18. Gratton G, Coles MG, Sirevaag EJ, Eriksen CW, Donchin E (1988) Pre- and poststimulus activation of response channels: A psychophysiological analysis. J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform 14:331–344. CrossRef Medline
19. Hanks TD, Mazurek ME, Kiani R, Hopp E, Shadlen MN (2011) Elapsed decision time affects the weighting of prior probability in a perceptual decision task. J Neurosci 31:6339–6352. CrossRef Medline
20. Ho TC, Brown S, Serences JT (2009) Domain general mechanisms of perceptual decision making in human cortex. J Neurosci 29:8675–8687. CrossRef Medline
21. Kornhuber HH, Deecke L (1965) Changes in the brain potential in voluntary movements and passive movements in man: readiness potential and reafferent potentials. Pflugers Arch Gesamte Physiol Menschen Tiere 284: 1–17. CrossRef Medline
22. Laming DRJ (1968) Information theory of choice-reaction times. New York: Wiley.
23. Leach JC, Carpenter RH (2001) Saccadic choice with asynchronous targets: evidence for independent randomization. Vision Res 41:3437–3445. CrossRef Medline
24. Leite FP, Ratcliff R (2011) What cognitive processes drive response biases? A diffusion model analysis. Judgment and Decision Making 6:651–687.
25. Leon MI, Shadlen MN (1999) Effect of expected reward magnitude on the response of neurons in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of the macaque. Neuron 24:415–425. CrossRef Medline
26. Link SW, Heath RA (1975) Sequential theory of psychological discrimination. Psychometrika 40:77–105. CrossRef
27. Luck SJ (2005) An introduction to the event-related potential technique. Cambridge, MA: MIT.
28. Mazurek ME, Roitman JD, Ditterich J, Shadlen MN (2003) A role for neural integrators in perceptual decision making. Cereb Cortex 13:1257–1269. CrossRef Medline
29. Miller J, Patterson T, Ulrich R (1998) Jackknife-based method for measuring LRP onset latency differences. Psychophysiology 35:99–115. CrossRef Medline
30. Mulder MJ, Wagenmakers EJ, Ratcliff R, Boekel W, Forstmann BU (2012) Bias in the brain: a diffusion model analysis of prior probability and potential payoff. J Neurosci 32:2335–2343. CrossRef Medline
31. Nelder JA, Mead R (1965) A simplex method for function minimization. The Computer Journal 7:308–313. CrossRef
32. Ollman R (1966) Fast guesses in choice reaction time. Psychonomic Science 6:155–156. CrossRef
33. Platt ML, Glimcher PW (1999) Neural correlates of decision variables in parietal cortex. Nature 400:233–238. CrossRef Medline
34. Purcell BA, Heitz RP, Cohen JY, Schall JD, Logan GD, Palmeri TJ (2010) Neurally constrained modeling of perceptual decision making. Psychological Review 117:1113–1143. CrossRef Medline
35. Rao V, DeAngelis GC, Snyder LH (2012) Neural correlates of prior expectations of motion in the lateral intraparietal and middle temporal areas. J Neurosci 32:10063–10074. CrossRef Medline
36. Ratcliff R (1978) Theory of memory retrieval. Psychological Review 85:59–108. CrossRef
37. Ratcliff R (1981) A theory of order relations in perceptual matching. Psychological Review 88:552–572. CrossRef
38. Ratcliff R (1985) Theoretical interpretations of the speed and accuracy of positive and negative responses. Psychological Review 92:212–225. CrossRef Medline
39. Ratcliff R, Rouder JN (1998) Modeling response times for two-choice decisions. Psychol Sci 9:347–356. CrossRef
40. Ratcliff R, Tuerlinckx F (2002) Estimating parameters of the diffusion model: approaches to dealing with contaminant reaction times and parameter variability. Psychon Bull Rev 9:438–481. CrossRef Medline
41. Reddi BA, Carpenter RH (2000) The influence of urgency on decision time. Nat Neurosci 3:827–830. CrossRef Medline
42. Reeves A, Santhi N, Decaro S (2005) A random-ray model for speed and accuracy in perceptual experiments. Spat Vis 18:73–83. CrossRef Medline
43. Roe RM, Busemeyer JR, Townsend JT (2001) Multi-alternative decision field theory: A dynamic connectionst model of decision making. Psychological Review 108:370–392. CrossRef Medline
44. Rorie AE, Gao J, McClelland JL, Newsome WT (2010) Integration of sensory and reward information during perceptual decision-making in lateral intraparietal cortex (LIP) of the macaque monkey. PLoS One 5:e9308. CrossRef Medline
45. Schall JD (2001) Neural basis of deciding, choosing and acting. Nat Rev Neurosci 2:33–42. Medlin
46. Scheibe C, Schubert R, Sommer W, Heekeren HR (2009) Electrophysiological evidence for the effect of prior probability on response preparation. Psychophysiology 46:758–770. CrossRef Medline
47. Shadlen MN, Kiani R (2013) Decision making as a window on cognition. Neuron 80:791–806. CrossRef Medline
48. Shadlen MN, Newsome WT (1996) Motion perception: seeing and deciding. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 93:628–633. CrossRef Medline
49. Simen P, Contreras D, Buck C, Hu P, Holmes P, Cohen JD (2009) Reward rate optimization in two-alternative decision making: empirical tests of theoretical predictions. J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform 35:1865–1897. CrossRef Medline
50. Usher M, McClelland JL (2001) The time course of perceptual choice: the leaky, competing accumulator model. Psychological Review 108:550–592. CrossRef Medline
51. van Vugt MK, Simen P, Nystrom L, Holmes P, Cohen JD (2014) Lateralized readiness potentials reveal properties of a neural mechanism for implementing a decision threshold. PLoS One 9:e90943. CrossRef Medline
52. Vaughan HG, Costa LD, Ritter W (1967) Topography of the human motor potential. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology 25:1–10.
53. Vickers D (1970) Evidence for an accumulator model of psychophysical discrimination. Ergonomics 13:37–58. CrossRef Medline
54. Yellott JI Jr (1967) Correction for guessing in choice reaction time. Psychonomic Science 8:321–322. CrossRef
55. Yellott JI Jr (1971) Correction for fast guessing and the speed-accuracy tradeoff in choice reaction time. Journal of Mathematical Psychology 8:159–199. CrossRef