On the reconstruction of palaeo-ice sheets: Recent advances and future challenges

Quaternary Science Reviews

Volumn 125, Issue , 2015, Pages 15-49

  Stokes, Chris R ^a   Tarasov, Lev ^b   Blomdin, Robin ^c,d   Cronin, Thomas M ^e   Fisher, Timothy G ^f   Gyllencreutz, Richard ^d   Hättestrand, Clas ^d   Heyman, Jakob ^d   Hindmarsh, Richard C A ^g   Hughes, Anna L C ^h   Jakobsson, Martin ^d   Kirchner, Nina ^d   Livingstone, Stephen J ⁱ   Margold, Martin ^a,d   Murton, Julian B ^j   Noormets, Riko ^k   Peltier, W Richard ^l   Peteet, Dorothy M ^m,n   Piper, David J W ^o   Preusser, Frank ^p   Renssen, Hans ^q   Roberts, David H ^a   Roche, Didier M ^q,r   Saint Ange, Francky ^o   Stroeven, Arjen P ^d   Teller, James T ^s   more..

^a DURHAM UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^b MEMORIAL UNIVERSITY OF NEWFOUNDLAND   (Canada)

^c PURDUE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d STOCKHOLM UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

^e United States Geological Survey   (United States)

^f UNIVERSITY OF TOLEDO   (United States)

^g BRITISH ANTARCTIC SURVEY   (United Kingdom)

^h BJERKNES CENTRE FOR CLIMATE RESEARCH   (Norway)

ⁱ UNIVERSITY OF SHEFFIELD   (United Kingdom)

^j UNIVERSITY OF SUSSEX   (United Kingdom)

^k UNIVERSITY CENTRE IN SVALBARD   (Norway)

^l UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

^m Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University   (United States)

ⁿ NASA GODDARD INSTITUTE FOR SPACE STUDIES   (United States)

^o GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA   (Canada)

^p UNIVERSITY OF FREIBURG   (Germany)

^q VU UNIVERSITY AMSTERDAM   (Netherlands)

^r DIF   (France)

^s UNIVERSITY OF MANITOBA   (Canada)

more..

Author keywords

Glaciology; Ice sheet reconstruction; Numerical modelling; Palaeoglaciology

Indexed keywords

CLIMATE CHANGE; GLACIERS; NUMERICAL METHODS; NUMERICAL MODELS; REPAIR; SEA LEVEL; UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS;

FUTURE CHALLENGES; GLACIOLOGY; GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGES; ICE SHEET DYNAMICS; ICE SHEET RECONSTRUCTION; LAST DEGLACIATION; PALAEOGLACIOLOGY; SEA-LEVEL FLUCTUATIONS;

ICE;

CLIMATE CHANGE; CLIMATE VARIATION; DATA SET; GLACIOLOGY; ICE SHEET; LAST DEGLACIATION; NUMERICAL MODEL; PALEOENVIRONMENT; PROXY CLIMATE RECORD; RECONSTRUCTION; SEA LEVEL CHANGE;

EID: 84938490475     PISSN: 02773791     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.07.016     Document Type: Review

References (397)

1. Ahlkrona J., Lötstedt P., Kirchner N., Zwinger T. Dynamically coupling the non-linear Stokes equations with the Shallow Ice Approximation in glaciology: description and first applications of the ISCAL solver. J.Comput. Phys. 2015, (submitted for publication).
2. Albrecht T., Levermann A. Fracture-induced softening for large-scale ice dynamics. Cryosphere 2014, 8(2):587-605.
3. Albrecht T., Martin M., Haseloff M., Winkelmann R., Levermann A. Parameterisation for subgrid-scale motion of ice-shelf calving fronts. Cryosphere 2011, 5(1):35-44.
4. Alexanderson H. Residual OSL signals from modern Greenlandic river sediments. Geochronometria 2007, 26:1-9.
5. Alexanderson H., Murray A.S. Luminescence signals from modern sediments in a glaciated bay, NW Svalbard. Quat. Geochronol. 2012, 10:250-256.
6. Alexanderson H., Murray A.S. Problems and potential of OSL dating Weichselian and Holocene sediments in Sweden. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2012, 44:37-50.
7. Alexanderson H., Backman J., Cronin T.M., Funder S., Ingólfsson Ó., Jakobsson M., Lanvik J.Y., Löwemark L., Mangerud J., März C., Mör P., O'Regan M., Spielhagen R.F. An Arctic perspective on dating Mid-Late Pleistocene environmental history. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2014, 92:9-31.
8. Alley R.B., MacAyeal D.R. Ice-rafted debris associated with Binge/Purge oscillations of the Laurentide Ice Sheet. Palaeoceanography 1994, 9:503-511.
9. Alley R.B., Andrews J.T., Brigham-Grette J., Clarke G.K.C., Cuffey K.M., Fitzpatrick J.J., Funder S., Marshall S.J., Miller G.H., Mitrovica J.X. History of the Greenland Ice Sheet: palaeoclimatic insights. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2010, 29(15-16):1728-1756.
10. Alvarez-Solas J., Robinson A., Ritz C. Brief communication "Can recent ice discharges following the Larsen-B ice-shelf collapse be used to infer the driving mechanisms of millennial-scale variations of the Laurentide ice sheet?". Cryosphere 2012, 6:687-693.
11. Anderson J.B., Shipp S.S., Lowe A.J., Wellner J.S., Mosola A.B. The Antarctic Ice Sheet during the Last Glacial Maximum and it subsequent retreat history: a review. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2002, 21:49-70.
12. Andree M., Oeschger H., Sigenthaler U., Riesen T., Moell M., Ammann B., Tobolski K. C-14 dating of plant macrofossils in lake sediment. Radiocarbon 1986, 28(2A):411-416.
13. Andrews J.T. On the reconstruction of pleistocene ice sheets: a review. Quat. Sci. Rev. 1982, 1(1):1-31.
14. Andrews J.T., Dunhill G. Early to mid-Holocene Atlantic water influx and deglacial meltwater events, Beaufort Sea slope, Arctic Ocean. Quat. Res. 2004, 61(1):14-21.
15. Andrews J.T., Eberl D.D. Determination of sediment provenance by unmixing the mineralogy of source-area sediments: the "SedUnMix" program. J.Quat. Sci. 2012, 291:24-33.
16. Andrews J.T., MacLean B. Hudson Strait ice streams: a review of stratigraphy, chronology and links with North Atlantic Heinrich events. Boreas 2003, 32:4-17.
17. Andrews J.T., Tedesco K. Detrital carbonate-rich sediments, northwestern Labrador Sea: implications for ice sheet dynamics and iceberg rafing (Heinrich) events in the North Atlantic. Geology 1992, 20:1087-1090.
18. Andrews J.T., Maclean B., Kerwin M., Manley W., Jennings A.E., Hall F. Final stages in the collapse of the Laurentide Ice Sheet, Hudson Strait, Canada, NWT, 14C AMS dates, seismic stratigraphy, and magnetic susceptibility logs. Quat. Sci. Rev. 1995, 14:983-1004.
19. Andrews J.T., Kirby M., Jennings A.E., Barber D.C. Late Quaternary stratigraphy, chronology, and depositional processes on the slope of SE Baffin Island, Detrital carbonate and Heinrich events: implications for onshire glacial history. Geogr. Phys. Quat. 1998, 52(1):91-105.
20. Andrews J.T., Keigwin L., Hall F., Jennings A.E. Abrupt deglaciation events and Holocene palaeoceanography from high-resolution cores, Cartwright Saddle, Labrador Shelf, Canada. J.Quat. Sci. 1999, 14:383-397.
21. Andrews J.T., Barber D.C., Jennings A.E., Eberl D.D., Maclean B., Kirby M.E., Stoner J.S. Varying sediment sources (Hudson Strait, Cumberland Sound, Baffin Bay) to the NW Labrador Sea slope between and during Heinrich events 0 to 4. J.Quat. Sci. 2012, 27:475-484.
22. Applegate P.J., Urban N.M., Keller K., Lowell T.V., Laabs B.J.C., Kelly M.A., Alley R.B. Improved moraine age interpretations through explicit matching of geomorphic process models to cosmogenic nuclide measurements from single landforms. Quat. Res. 2012, 77:293-304.
23. Argus D., Peltier W.R., Drummond R., Moore A. The Antarctic component of postglacial rebound model ICE-6G_C (VM5a) based upon GPS positioning, exposure age dating of ice thicknesses, and relative sea level histories. Geophys. J. Int. 2014, 198(1):537-563.
24. Austermann J., Mitrovica J.X., Latychev C., Milne G.A. Barbados based estimates of ice volume at Last Glacial Maximum effected by subducted plate. Nat. Geosci. 2013, 6:553-557.
25. Baker V.R., Bunker R.C. Cataclysmic late Pleistocene flooding from glacial Lake Missoula: a review. Quat. Sci. Rev. 1985, 4:1-41.
26. Balco G. Contributions and unrealized potential contributions of cosmogenic-nuclide exposure dating to glacier chronology, 1990-2010. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2011, 30:3-27.
27. Balco G., Schaefer J.M. Cosmogenic-nuclide and varve chronologies for the deglaciation of southern New England. Quat. Geochronol. 2006, 1:15-28.
28. Balco G., Stone J.O., Lifton N.A., Dunai T.J. Acomplete and easily accessible means of calculating surface exposure ages or erosion rates from 10Be and 26Al measurements. Quat. Geochronol. 2008, 3:174-195.
29. Balco G., Briner J., Finkel R.C., Rayburn J.A., Ridge J.C., Schaefer J.M. Regional beryllium-10 production rate calibration for late-glacial northeastern North America. Quat. Geochronol. 2009, 4:93-107.
30. Balescu S., Lamothe M., Auclair M., Shilts W.W. IRSL dating of Middle Pleistocene interglacial sediments from southern Quebec Canada using multiple and single grain aliquots. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2001, 20:821-824.
31. Ballantyne C.K., Stone J.O. Did large ice caps persist on low ground in north-west Scotland during the Lateglacial Interstade. J.Quat. Sci. 2012, 27:297-306.
32. Bamber J.L., Vaughan D.G., Joughin I. Widespread complex flow in the interior of the Antarctic ice sheet. Science 2000, 287(5456):1248-1250.
33. Barber D.C., Dyke A., Hillaire-Marcel C., Jennings A.E., Andrews J.T., Kerwin M.W., Bilodeau G., McNeely R., Southon J., Morehead M.D., Gagnon J.M. Forcing of the cold event of 8,200 years ago by catastrophic drainage of Laurentide lakes. Nature 1999, 400(6742):344-348.
34. Batchelor C.L., Dowdeswell J.A. The physiography of High Arctic cross-shelf troughs. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2014, 92:68-96.
35. Bell R.E. The role of subglacial water in ice-sheet mass balance. Nat. Geosci. 2008, 1:297-304.
36. Benn D.I., Hulton N.R.J., Mottram R.H. 'Calving laws', 'sliding laws' and the stability of tidewater glaciers. Ann. Glaciol. 2007, 46:123-130.
37. Benn D.I., Warren C.R., Mottram R.H. Calving processes and the dynamics of calving glaciers. Earth-Sci. Rev. 2007, 82:143-179.
38. Bentley M.J., Fogwill C.J., Le Brocq A.M., Hubbard A.L., Sugden D.E., Dunai T.J., Freeman S.P.H.T. Deglacial history of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet in the Weddell Sea embayment: constraints on past ice volume change. Geology 2010, 38:411-414.
39. Bentley M.J., Christoffersen P., Hodgson D.A., Smith A.M., Tulaczyk S., Le Brocq A.M. Subglacial lake sedimentary processes: potential archives of ice sheet evolution, past environmental change and the presence of life. AGU Monograph 2011, M.J. Siegert, C. Kennicutt, B. Bindschadler (Eds.).
40. Bentley M.J., et al. Acommunity-based reconstruction of Antarctic Ice Sheet deglaciation since the Last Glacial Maximum. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2014, 100:1-9.
41. Berger G.W., Eyles N. Thermoluminescence chronology of Toronto-area Quaternary sediments and implications for the extent of the midcontinent ice sheet(s). Geology 1994, 22:31-34.
42. Berner J., Jung T., Palmer T.N. Systematic model error: the impact of increased horizontal resolution versus improved stochastic and deterministic parameterizations. J.Clim. 2012, 25(14):4946-4962.
43. Bierman P. Cosmogenic glacial dating, 20 years and counting. Geology 2007, 35:479-480.
44. Bierman P.R., Marsella K.A., Patterson C., Davis P.T., Caffee M. Mid-Pleistocene cosmogenic minimum-age limits for pre-Wisconsinan glacial surfaces in southwestern Minnesota and southern Baffin Island: a multiple nuclide approach. Geomorphology 1999, 27:25-39.
45. Bingham R.G., King E.C., Smith A.M., Pritchard H.D. Glacial geomorphology: towards a convergence of glaciology and geomorphology. Prog. Phys. Geogr. 2010, 34(3):327-355.
46. Blasco S.M., Fortin G., Hill P.R., O'Connor M.J., Brigham-Grette J. The late Neogene and Quaternary stratigraphy of the Canadian Beaufort continental shelf. The Geology of North America 1990, vol. L:491-502. Geological Society of America, Boulder, Colorado. A. Grantz, L. Johnson, J.F. Sweeney (Eds.).
47. Blatter H., Greve R., Abe-Ouchi A. Present state and prospects of ice sheet and glacier modelling. Surv. Geophys. 2011, 32:555-583.
48. Blomdin R., Murray A., Thomsen K.J., Buylaert J.-P., Sohbati R., Jansson K.N., Alexanderson H. Timing of the deglaciation in southern Patagonia: testing the applicability of K-Feldspar IRSL. Quat. Geochronol. 2012, 10:264-272.
49. Bond G., Broecker W., Johnsen S., McManus J., Labeyrie L., Jouzel J., Bonani G. Correlations between climate records from North Atlantic sediments and Greenland ice. Nature 1993, 365:143-147.
50. Borchers B., Marrero S., Balco G., Caffee M., Goehring B., Lifton N., Nishiizumi K., Phillips F., Schaefer J., Stone J. Geological calibration of spallation production rates in the CRONUS-Earth project. Quat. Geochronol. 2015, (in press).
51. Boulton G.S., Clark C.D. Ahighly mobile Laurentide ice sheet revealed by satellite images of glacial lineations. Nature 1990, 346:813-817.
52. Boulton G.S., Clark C.D. The Laurentide ice sheet through the last glacial cycle: the topology of drift lineations as a key to the dynamic behaviour of former ice sheets. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. Earth Sci. 1990, 81:327-347.
53. Boulton G.S., Hagdorn M. Glaciology of the British Isles Ice Sheet during the last glacial cycle: form, flow, streams and lobes. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2006, 25(23-24):3359-3390.
54. Boulton G.S., Smith G.D., Jones A.S., Newsome J. Glacial geology and glaciology of the last mid-latitude ice sheets. J.Geol. Soc. Lond. 1985, 142:447-474.
55. Boulton G.S., Hagdorn M., Maillot P.B., Zatsepin S. Drainage beneath ice sheets: groundwater-channel coupling, and the origin of esker systems from former ice sheets. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2009, 28:621-638.
56. Bradley S.L., Hindmarsh R.C.A., Whitehouse P.L., Bentley M.J., King M.A. Low post-glacial rebound rates in the Weddell Sea due to Late Holocene ice-sheet readvance. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2015, 413:79-89.
57. Bradwell T., Stoker M.S., Golledge N.R., Wilson C.K., Merritt J.W., Long D., Everest J.D., Hestvik O.B., Stevenson A.G., Hubbard A.L., Finlayson A.G., Mathers H.E. The northern sector of the last British Ice Sheet: maximum extent and demise. Earth-Sci. Rev. 2008, 88:207-226.
58. Bretz J.H. The channelled scabland of the Columbia Plateau. J.Geol. 1923, 31:617-649.
59. Briggs R.D., Tarasov L. How to evaluate model-derived deglaciation chronologies: a case study using Antarctica. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2013, 63:109-127.
60. Briggs R., Pollard D., Tarasov L. Aglacial systems model configured for large ensemble analysis of Antarctic deglaciation. Cryosphere 2013, 7:1949-1970.
61. Briggs R., Pollard D., Tarasov L. Adata constrained large ensemble analysis of Antarctic evolution since the Eemian. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2014, 103:91-115.
62. Briner J.P., Lifton N.A., Miller G.H., Refsnider K., Anderson R., Finkel R. Using in situ cosmogenic 10Be, 14C, and 26Al to decipher the history of polythermal ice sheets on Baffin Island, Arctic Canada. Quat. Geochronol. 2014, 19:4-13.
63. Broecker W.S., Kennett J.P., Flower B.P., Teller J.T., Trumbore S., Bonani G., Wolfi W. Routing of meltwater from the Laurentide Ice Sheet during the Younger Dryas cold episode. Nature 1989, 341(6240):318-321.
64. Bryan F. High-latitude salinity effects and interhemispheric thermohaline circulations. Nature 1986, 323(6086):301-304.
65. Budd W.F., Smith I.N. The growth and retreat of ice sheets in response to orbital radiation changes. Sea Level, Ice and Climatic Change 1981, vol. 131:369-409. International Association Hydrological Sciences.
66. Bueler E., Brown J. Shallow shelf approximation as a sliding law in a thermomechanically coupled ice sheet model. J.Geophys. Res. 2009, 114:F03008.
67. Buylaert J.-P., Jain M., Murray A.S., Thomsen K.J., Thiel C., Sohbati R. Arobust feldspar luminescence dating method for Middle and Late Pleistocene sediments. Boreas 2012, 41:435-451.
68. Calov R., Greve R., Abe-Ouchi A., Bueler E.L., Huybrechts P., Johnson J.V., Pattyn F., Pollard D., Ritz C., Saito F., Tarasov L. Results from the ice sheet model intercomparison project -Heinrich event INtercOmparison (ISMIP HEINO). J.Glaciol. 2010, 56:371-383.
69. Carlson A.E., Clark P.U. Ice sheet sources of sea level rise and freshwater discharge during the last deglaciation. Rev. Geophys. 2012, 50:1-72.
70. Carlson A.E., Clark P.U., Haley B.A., Klinkhammer G.P., Simmons K., Brook E.J., Meissner K.J. Geochemical proxies of North American freshwater routing during the Younger Dryas cold event. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 2007, 104(16):6556-6561.
71. Christoffersen P., Tulaczyk S., Wattrus N.J., Peterson J., Quintana-Krupinski N., Clark C.D., Sjunneskog C. Large subglacial lake beneath the Laurentide Ice Sheet inferred from sedimentary sequences. Geology 2008, 36:563-566.
72. Chugunov V.A., Wilchinsky A.V. Modelling of a marine glacier and ice-sheet-ice-shelf transition zone based on asymptotic analysis. Ann. Glaciol. 1996, 23:59-67.
73. Clark C.D. Mega-scale glacial lineations and cross-cutting ice-flow landforms. Earth Surf. Process. Landf. 1993, 18:1-29.
74. Clark P.U., Walder J.S. Subglacial drainage, eskers, and deforming beds beneath the Laurentide and Eurasian ice sheets. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 1994, 106:304-314.
75. Clark J.A., Farell W.E., Peltier W.R. Global changes in post-glacial sea-level - numerical calculation. Quat. Res. 1978, 9:265-287.
76. Clark C.D., Hughes A.L.C., Greenwood S.L., Jordan C., Sejrup H.P. Pattern and timing of retreat of the last British-Irish Ice Sheet. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2012, 44:112-146.
77. Clarke G.K.C., Leverington D.W., Teller J.T., Dyke A.S. Palaeohydraulics of the last outburst flood from glacial Lake Agassiz and the 8200 BP cold event. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2004, 23(3-4):389-407.
78. Clarke G.K.C., Leverington D.W., Teller J.T., Dyke A.S., Marshall S.J. Fresh arguments against the Shaw megaflood hypothesis. A reply to comments by David Sharpe on "Palaeohydraulics of the last outburst flood from glacial-Lake Agassiz and the 8200 BP cold event". Quat. Sci. Rev. 2005, 24:1533-1541.
79. Condron A., Winsor P. Meltwater routing and the Younger Dryas. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 2012, 109(49):19928-19933.
80. Conway H., Catania G., Raymond C.F., Gades A.M., Scambos T.A., Engelhardt H. Switch of flow in an Antarctic ice stream. Nature 2002, 419:465-467.
81. Cornford S., Martin D., Graves D., Ranken D., Brocq A.L., Gladstone R., Payne A., Ng E., Lipscomb W.H. Adaptive mesh, finite volume modeling of marine ice sheets. J.Comput. Phys. 2013, 232(1):529-549.
82. Cronin T.M., Manley P., Brachfeld S., Manley T., Willard D.A., Guilbault J.-P., Rayburn J.A., Berke M. Salinity changes in the Champlain Sea (New York, Vermont) ~11.4-10.8ka: implications for glacial lake drainage. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 2008, 262:46-60.
83. Cronin T.M., Rayburn J.A., Guilbault J.-P., Thunell R., Franzi D.A. Stable isotope evidence for glacial lake drainage through the Saint Lawrence Estuary, eastern Canada, ~13.1-12.9ka. Quat. Int. 2012, 20:55-65.
84. Cutler P.M., Colgan P.M., Mickelson D.M. Sedimentologic evidence for outburst floods from the Laurentide Ice Sheet margin in Wisconsin, USA: implications for tunnel-channel formation. Quat. Int. 2002, 90:23-40.
85. Darby D. Sources of sediment found in sea ice from the western Arctic Ocean, new insights into processes of entrainment and drift patterns. J.Geophys. Res. 2003, 108:1-10.
86. Darby D.A., Bischof J.F. Astatistical approach to source determination of lithic and Fe oxide grains: an example from the Alpha Ridge, Arctic Ocean. J.Sediment. Res. 1996, 66(3):599-607.
87. Darby D.A., Bischof J.F., Spielhagen R.F., Marshall S.A., Herman S.W. Arctic ice export events and their potential impact on global climate during the late Pleistocene. Palaeoceanography 2002, 17(2):1025.
88. Darvill C.M., Bentley M.J., Stokes C.R., Hein A.S., Rodés Á. Extensive MIS 3 glaciation in southernmost Patagonia revealed by cosmogenic nuclide dating of outwash sediments. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2015, (in press).
89. de Vernal A., Hillaire-Marcel C. Provincialism in trends and high frequency changes in the northwest North Atlantic during the Holocene. Glob. Planet. Change 2006, 54:263-290.
90. de Vernal A., Hillaire-Marcel C., Bilodeau G. Reduced meltwater outflow from Laurentide ice margin during the Younger Dryas. Nature 1996, 381:774-777.
91. Demuro M., Froese D.G., Arnold L.J., Roberts R.G. Single-grain OSL dating of glaciofluvial quartz constrains Reid glaciation in NW Canada to MIS 6. Quat. Res. 2012, 77:305-316.
92. The Last Great Ice Sheets 1981, Wiley, New York. G.H. Denton, T.J. Hughes (Eds.).
93. Denton G.H., Sugden D.E. Meltwater features that suggest Miocene ice-sheet overriding of the Transantarctic Mountains in Victoria Land, Antarctica. Geogr. Ann. 2005, 87(A):67-85.
94. Docquier D., Perichon L., Pattyn F. Representing grounding line dynamics in numerical ice sheet models: recent advances and outlook. Surv. Geophys. 2011, 32(4-5):417-435.
95. Dove D., Polyak L., Coakley B. Widespread, multi-source glacial erosion on the Chukchi margin, Arctic Ocean. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2014, 92:112-122.
96. Dowdeswell J.A., Elverhøi A. The timing of initiation of fast-flowing ice streams during a glacial cycle inferred from glacimarine sedimentation. Mar. Geol. 2002, 188:3-14.
97. Dowdeswell J.A., Kenyon N.H., Elverhoi A., Laberg J.S., Hollenfer F.J., Mienert J., Siegert M.J. Large-scale sedimentation on the glacier-influenced Polar North Atlantic margins: long-range side-scan sonar evidence. Geophys. Res. Lett. 1996, 23(24):3535-3538.
98. Dowdeswell J.A., Elverhøi A., Andrews J.T., Hebbeln D. Asynchronous deposition of ice-rafted layers in the Nordic Seas and North Atlantic Ocean. Nature 1999, 400:348-351.
99. Dowdeswell J.A., O Cofaigh C., Pudsey C.J. Thickness and extent of the subglacial till layer beneath an Antarctic palaeo-ice stream. Geology 2004, 32(1):37-53.
100. Dowdeswell J.A., Ottesen D., Rise L. Flow switching and large-scale deposition by ice streams draining former ice sheets. Geology 2006, 34:313-316.
101. Dowdeswell J.A., Jakobsson M., Hogan K.A., ÓRegan M., Backman J., Evans J., Hell B., Löwemark L., Marcussen C., Noormets R., Ó Cofaigh C., Sellén E., Sölvsten M. High-resolution geophysical observations of the Yermak Plateau and northern Svalbard margin: implications for ice-sheet grounding and deep-keeled icebergs. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2010, 29:3518-3531.
102. Drouet A.S., Durand G., Hindmarsh R.C.A., Pattyn F., Gagliardini O., Zwinger T. Grounding line transient response in marine ice sheet models. Cryosphere 2013, 7(2):395-406.
103. Duller G.A.T. Luminescence dating of poorly bleached sediment from Scotland. Quat. Sci. Rev. 1994, 13:521-524.
104. Dyke A. An outline of North American deglaciation with emphasis on central and northern Canada. Quaternary Glaciations-Extent and Chronology, Part II North America, Developments in Quaternary Science 2004, vol. 2b:373-424. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
105. Dyke A.S., Morris T.F. Drumlin fields, dispersal trains, and ice streams in Arctic Canada. Can. Geogr. 1988, 32:86-90.
106. Dyke A.S., Prest V.K. Late Wisconsinan and Holocene history of the Laurentide Ice Sheet. Géogr. Phys. Quat. 1987, 41:237-263.
107. Dyke A.S., Andrews J.T., Clark P.U., England J.H., Miller G.H., Shaw J., Veillette J.J. The Laurentide and Innuitian ice sheets during the Last Glacial Maximum. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2002, 21:9-31.
108. Dyke A.S., Moore A., Robertson L. Deglaciation of North America, Scale 1:7000000. Geological Survey of Canada, Open File 1574 2003.
109. Quaternary Glaciations - Extent and Chronology, Part II: North America. Developments in Quaternary Science 2004, vol. 2b. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
110. England J.H., Furze M.F.A., Doupe J. Revision of the NW Laurentide Ice Sheet: implications for palaeoclimate, the northeast extremity of Beringia, and Arctic Ocean sedimentation. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2009, 28:1573-1596.
111. Evatt G.W., Fowler A.C., Clark C.D., Hulton N.R.J. Subglacial floods beneath ice sheets. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. Ser. A 2006, 374:1769-1794.
112. Eyles N. Rock drumlins and megaflutes of the Niagara Escarpment, Ontario, Canada: a hard bed landform assemblage cut by the Saginaw-Huron Ice Stream. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2012, 55:34-49.
113. Eyles N., Lazorek M. Glacial landforms, sediments | glacigenic lithofacies. Encyclopedia of Quaternary Science 2007, 920-932. Elsevier, Oxford. A.E. Scott (Ed.).
114. Fabel D., Stroeven A.P., Harbor J., Kleman J., Elmore D., Fink D. Landscape preservation under Fennoscandian ice sheets determined from in situ produced 10Be and 26Al. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2002, 201:397-406.
115. Feldmann J., Albrecht T., Khroulev C., Pattyn F., Levermann A. Resolution-dependent performance of grounding line motion in a shallow model compared to a full-Stokes model according to the MISMIP3d intercomparison. J.Glaciol. 2014, 60(220):353-360.
116. Fisher T.G. Chronology of glacial Lake Agassiz meltwater routed to the Gulf of Mexico. Quat. Res. 2003, 59:271-276.
117. Fisher T.G. Abandonment chronology of glacial Lake Agassiz's northwestern outlet. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 2007, 246:31-44.
118. Fisher T.G., Lowell T.V. Testing northwest drainage from Lake Agassiz using extant ice margin and strandline data. Quat. Int. 2012, 260:106-114.
119. Fisher D.A., Reeh N., Langley K. Objective reconstructions of the Late Wisconsinan Laurentide Ice Sheet and the significance of deformable beds. Géogr. Phys. Quat. 1985, 39:229-238.
120. Fisher T.G., Yansa C.H., Lowell T.V., Lepper K., Hajdas I., Ashworth A.C. The chronology, climate, and confusion of the Moorhead Phase of Glacial Lake Agassiz: new results from the Ojata Beach, North Dakota, U.S.A. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2008, 27:1124-1135.
121. Fowler A.C. Mathematical Geoscience 2011, Springer-Verlag, New York.
122. Franzi D.A., Rayburn J.A., Knuepfer P.L.K., Cronin T.M. Late Quaternary history of northeastern New York and adjacent parts of Vermont and Quebec. 70th Annual Northeast Friends of the Pleistocene Guidebook. Plattsburgh, New York 2007, 70.
123. Fretwell P., et al. Bedmap2: improved ice bed, surface and thickness datasets for Antarctica. Cryosphere 2013, 7(1):375-393.
124. Fricker H.A., Scambos T., Bindschadler R., Padman L. An active subglacial water system in West Antarctica mapped from space. Science 2007, 315:1544-1548.
125. Fronval T., Jansen E., Bloemendal J., Johnsen S. Oceanic evidence for coherent fluctuations in Fennoscandian and Laurentide ice sheets on millennium time-scales. Nature 1995, 374:443-446.
126. Fuchs M., Owen L.A. Luminescence dating of glacial and associated sediments: review, recommendations and future directions. Boreas 2008, 37:636-659.
127. Galbraith R.F., Roberts R.G. Statistical aspects of equivalent dose and error calculation and display in OSL dating: an overview and some recommendations. Quat. Geochronol. 2012, 11:1-27.
128. Galbraith R.F., Roberts R.G., Laslett G.M., Yoshida H., Olley J.M. Optical dating of single and multiple grains of quartz from Jinmium rock shelter, northern Australia: part I, experimental design and statistical models. Archaeometry 1999, 41:339-364.
129. Ganopolski A., Rahmstorf S. Rapid changes of glacial climate simulated in a coupled climate model. Nature 2001, 409(6817):153-158.
130. Gemmell A.M.D. Zeroing of the TL signal of sediment undergoing fluvial transportation: a laboratory experiment. Nucl. Tracks Radiat. Meas. 1985, 10:695-702.
131. Gemmell A.M.D. Environmental controls on the TL age of modern zero-age proglacial outwash sediment. Quat. Sci. Rev. 1994, 13:485-489.
132. Gladstone R.M., Lee V., Vieli A., Payne A.J. Grounding line migration in an adaptive mesh ice sheet model. J.Geophys. Res. 2010, 115(F4):F04014.
133. Goldberg D.N., Holland D.M., Schoof C. Grounding line movement and ice shelf buttressing in marine ice sheets. J.Geophys. Res. 2009, 114(F4):F04026.
134. Goldberg D.N., Little C.M., Sergienko O.V., Gnanadesikan A., Hallberg R., Oppenheimer M. Investigation of land ice-ocean interaction with a fully coupled ice-ocean model: 1. Model description and behavior. J.Geophys. Res. 2012, 117(F2):F02037.
135. Golledge N.R., Fogwill C.J., Mackintosh A., Buckley K.M. Dynamics of the last glacial maximum Antarctic ice-sheet and its response to ocean forcing. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 2012, 109(40):16052-16056.
136. Golledge N.R., Levy R.H., McKay R.M., Fogwill C.J., White D.A., Graham A.G.C., Smith J.A., Hillengrand C.-D., Licht K.J., Denton G.H., Ackert R.P., Maas S.M., Hall B.L. Glaciology and geological signature of the Last Glacial Maximum Antarctic ice sheet. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2013, 78:225-247.
137. Gomez N., Mitrovica J.X., Huybers P., Clark P.U. Sea level as a stabilizing factor for marine-ice-sheet grounding lines. Nat. Geosci. 2010, 3:850-853.
138. Gomez N., Pollard D., Mitrovica J.X., Huybers P., Clark P.U. Evolution of a coupled marine ice sheet-sea level model. J.Geophys. Res. 2012, 117:F01013.
139. Greenwood S.L., Clark C.D., Hughes A.L.C. Formalising an inversion methodology for reconstructing ice-sheet retreat patterns from meltwater channels: application on the British Ice Sheet. J.Quat. Sci. 2007, 22:637-645.
140. Grimm E.C., Maher L.J., Nelson D.M. The magnitude of error in conventional bulk-sediment radiocarbon dates from central North America. Quat. Res. 2009, 72:301-308.
141. Gudmundsson G.H., Krug J., Durand G., Favier L., Gagliardini O. The stability of grounding lines on retrograde slopes. Cryosphere 2012, 6(6):1497-1505.
142. Haapaniemi A.I., Scourse J.D., Peck V.L., Kennedy H., Kennedy P., Hemming S.R., Furze M.F.A., Pienowski A.J., Austin W.E.N., Walden J., Wadsworth E., Hall I.R. Source, timing, frequency and flux of ice-rafted detritus to the Northeast Atlantic margin, 30-12ka: testing the Heinrich precursor hypothesis. Boreas 2010, 39:576-591.
143. Hanslik D., Jakobsson M., Backman J., Björck S., Sellén E., O'Regan M., Fornaciari E., Skog G. Quaternary Arctic Ocean sea ice variations and radiocarbon reservoir age corrections. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2010, 29:3430-3441.
144. Hauser T., Keats A., Tarasov L. Artificial neural network assisted Bayesian calibration of climate models. Clim. Dyn. 2011, 39(1-2):137-154.
145. Heinrich H. Origin and consequences of cyclic ice rafting in the Northeast Atlantic Ocean during the past 130,000 years. Quat. Res. 1988, 29:142-152.
146. Hemming S.R. Heinrich events: massive late Pleistocene detritus layers of the North Atlantic and their global climate imprint. Rev. Geophys. 2004, 42:RG1005.
147. Hesse R., Khodabakhsh S. Depositional facies of late Pleistocene Heinrich events in the Labrador Sea. Geology 1998, 26:103-106.
148. Hewitt I.J. Modelling distributed and channelized subglacial drainage: the spacing of channels. J.Glaciol. 2011, 57(202):302-314.
149. Heyman J. Paleoglaciation of the Tibetan Plateau and surrounding mountains based on exposure ages and ELA depression estimates. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2014, 91:30-41.
150. Heyman J., Stroeven A.P., Harbor J.M., Caffee M.W. Too young or too old: evaluating cosmogenic exposure dating based on an analysis of compiled boulder exposure ages. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2011, 302:71-80.
151. Hill J.C., Driscoll N.W. Paleodrainage on the Chukchi shelf reveals sea level history and meltwater discharge. Mar. Geol. 2008, 254(3-4):129-151.
152. Hillaire-Marcel C., de Vernal A., Piper D.J.W. Lake Agassiz Final drainage event in the northwest North Atlantic. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2007, 34:L15601.
153. Hillaire-Marcel C., Hélie J.-F., McKay J., de Vernal A. Elusive isotopic properties of deglacial meltwater spikes into the North Atlantic: example of the final drainage of Lake Agassiz. Can. J. Earth Sci. 2008, 45:1235-1242.
154. Hillenbrand C.-D., Kuhn G., Smith J.A., Gohl K., Graham A.G.C., Larter R.D., Klages J.P., Downey R., Moreton S.G., Forwick M., Vaughan D.G. Grounding-line retreat of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet from inner Pine Island Bay. Geology 2013, 41(1):35-38.
155. Hillier J.K., Smith M.J., Clark C.D., Stokes C.R., Spagnolo M. Subglacial bedforms reveal an exponential size-frequency distribution. Geomorphology 2013, 190:82-91.
156. Hindmarsh R.C.A. The role of membrane-like stresses in determining the stability and sensitivity of the Antarctic Ice Sheets: back pressure and grounding line motion. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Ser. A 2006, 364(1844):1733-1767.
157. Hindmarsh R.C.A. An observationally validated theory of viscous flow dynamics at the ice-shelf calving front. J.Glaciol. 2012, 58(208):375-387.
158. Hodgson D.A. Episodic ice streams and ice shelves during retreat of the northwesternmost sector of the Late Wisconsinan Laurentide Ice Sheet over the central Canadian Arctic archipelago. Boreas 1994, 23:14-28.
159. Houmark-Nielsen M., Linge H., Fabel D., Schnabel C., Xu S., Wilcken K.M., Binnie S. Cosmogenic surface exposure dating the last deglaciation in Denmark: discrepancies with independent age constraints suggest delayed periglacial landform stabilization. Quat. Geochronol. 2012, 13:1-17.
160. Hubbard B., Nienow P. Alpine subglacial hydrology. Quat. Sci. Rev. 1997, 16:939-955.
161. Hubbard A., Bradwell T., Golledge N., Hall A., Patton H., Sugden D., Cooper R., Stoker M. Dynamic cycles, ice streams and their impact on the extent, chronology and deglaciation of the British-Irish ice sheet. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2009, 28:758-776.
162. Hughes A.L.C., Greenwood S.L., Clark C.D. Dating constraints on the last British-Irish Ice Sheet: a map and database. J.Maps 2011, 7(1):156-184.
163. Hughes A.L.C., Gyllencreutz R., Lohne Ø.S., Mangerud J., Svendsen J.I. The last Eurasian Ice Sheets - a chronological database and time-slice reconstruction, DATED-1. Boreas 2015, (in press).
164. Hulbe C.L., MacAyeal D.R. Anew numerical model of coupled inland ice sheet, ice stream and ice shelf flow and its application to the West Antarctic Ice Sheet. J.Geophys. Res. 1999, 104(B11):349-366.
165. Hulbe C.L., MacAyeal D.R., Denton G.H., Kleman J., Lowell T.V. Catastrophic ice shelf breakup as the source of Heinrich event icebergs. Palaeoceanography 2004, 19:PA1004.
166. Huntley D.J., Lamothe M. Ubiquity of anomalous fading in K-feldspars and the measurement and correction for it in optical dating. Can. J. Earth Sci. 2001, 38:1093-1106.
167. Jakobsson M. First high-resolution chirp sonar profiles from the central Arctic Ocean reveal erosion of Lomonsov Ridge sediments. Mar. Geol. 1999, 158:111-123.
168. Jakobsson M., Gardner J.V., Vogt P., Mayer L.A., Armstrong A., Backman J., Brennan R., Calder B., Hall J.K., Kraft B. Multibeam bathymetric and sediment profiler evidence for ice grounding on the Chukchi Borderland, Arctic Ocean. Quat. Res. 2005, 63:150-160.
169. Jakobsson M., Nilsson J., O'Regan M., Backman J., Löowemark L., Dowdeswell J.A., Mayer L., Polyak L., Colleoni F., Anderson L.G., Bjöork G., Darby D., Eriksson B., Hanslik D., Hell B., Marcussen C., Sellén E., Wallin A. An Arctic Ocean ice shelf during MIS 6 constrained by new geophysical and geological data. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2010, 29:3505-3517.
170. Jakobsson M., Mayer L., Coakley B., Dowdeswell J.A., Forbes S., Fridman B., Hodnesdal H., Noormets R., Pedersen R., Rebesco M., Schenke H.W., Zarayskaya Y., Accettella D., Armstrong A., Anderson R.M., Bienhoff P., Camerlenghi A., Church I., Edwards M., Gardner J.V., Hall J.K., Hell B., Hestvik O., Kristoffersen Y., Marcussen C., Mohammad R., Mosher D., Nghiem S.V., Pedrosa M.T., Travaglini P.G., Wetherall P. The International bathymetric chart of the Arctic Ocean (IBCAO), version 3. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2012, 39:L12609.
171. Jakobsson M., Andreassen K., Bjarnadóttir L.R., Dove D., Dowdeswell J.A., England J.H., Funder S., Hogan K., Ingólfsson O., Jennings A., Krog-Larsen N., Kirchner N., Landvik J.Y., Mayer L., Möller P., Niessen F., Nilsson J., O'Regan M., Polyak L., Nørgaard Petersen N., Stein R. Arctic Ocean glacial history. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2014, 92:40-67.
172. Jamieson S.R., Vieli A., Livingstone S.J., Ó Cofaigh C., Stokes C.R., Hillenbrand C.D., Dowdeswell J.A. Ice-stream stability on a reverse bed slope. Nat. Geosci. 2012, 5:799-802.
173. Jansen J.D., Codilean A.T., Stroeven A.P., Fabel D., Hattestrand C., Kleman J., Harbor J.M., Heyman J., Kubik P.W., Xu S. Inner gorges cut by subglacial meltwater during Fennoscandian ice sheet decay. Nat. Commun. 2014, 5:3815.
174. Jansson K.N. Early Holocene glacial lakes and ice marginal retreat pattern in Labrador/Ungava, Canada. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 2003, 193:473-501.
175. Jennings A., Andrews J., Pearce C., Wilson L., Ólfasdóttor S. Detrital carbonate peaks on the Labrador Shelf, a 13-7 ka template for freshwater forcing from the Hudson Strait outlet of the Laurentide Ice Sheet into the subpolar gyre. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2015, 107:62-80.
176. Johnsen T.F., Olsen L., Murray A. OSL ages in central Norway support a MIS 2 interstadial 25-20ka and a dynamic Scandinavian ice sheet. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2012, 44:96-111.
177. Johnson R.G., Lauritzen S.E. Hudson Bay-Hudson Strait jökulhlaups and Heinrich events: a hypothesis. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 1995, 117:123-137.
178. Jongma J.I., Driesschaert E., Fichefet T., Goosse H., Renssen H. The effect of dynamic-thermodynamic icebergs on the Southern Ocean climate in a three-dimensional model. Ocean Model. 2009, 26(1-2):104-113.
179. Jongma J.I., Renssen H., Roche D.M. Simulating Heinrich event 1 with interactive icebergs. Clim. Dyn. 2013, 40(5-6):1373-1385.
180. Joughin I., Bamber J., Scambos T., Tulaczyk S., Fahnestock M., MacAyeal D. Integrating satellite observations with modelling: basal shear stress of the Filcher-Ronne ice streams, Antarctica. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2006, 364(1844):1795-1814.
181. Jungner H. Preliminary investigations on TL dating of geological sediment from Finland. PACT 1983, 92:565-572.
182. Kageyama M., Paul A., Roche D.M., Van Meerbeeck C.J. Modelling glacial climatic millennial-scale variability related to changes in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation: a review. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2010, 29(21-22):2931-2956.
183. Kageyama M., Merkel U., Otto-Bliesner B., Prange M., Abe-Ouchi A., Lohmann G., Ohgaito R., Roche D.M., Singarayer J., Swingedouw D., Zhang X. Climatic impacts of fresh water hosing under Last Glacial Maximum conditions: a multi-model study. Clim. Past 2013, 9(2):935-953.
184. Kaplan M.R., Coronato A., Hulton N.R.J., Rabassa J.O., Kubik P.W., freeman S.P.H.T. Cosmogenic nuclide measurements in southernmost South America and implications for landscape change. Geomorphology 2007, 87:284-301.
185. Katz R.F., Worster M.G. Stability of ice-sheet grounding lines. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. Ser. A 2010, 466(2118):1597-1620.
186. Katz B., Najjar R., Cronin T.M., Rayburn J., Mann M.E. Constraints on Lake Agassiz discharge through the late-glacial Champlain Sea (St. Lawrence Lowlands, Canada) using salinity proxies and an estuarine circulation model. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2011, 30:3248-3257.
187. Keigwin L.D., Jones G.A. The marine record of deglaciation from the continental margin off Nova Scotia. Paleoceanography 1995, 10:973-985.
188. Keigwin L., Sachs J.P., Rosenthal Y., Boyle E.A. The 8200 year B.P. event in the slope water system, western subpolar North Atlantic. Paleoceanography 2005, 20:PA2003.
189. Kerwin M.W. Aregional stratigraphic isochron (ca 8000 14C yr B. P.) from final deglaciation of Hudson Strait. Quat. Res. 1996, 46:89-98.
190. Kierulf H.P., Steffen H., Simpson M.J.R., Lidbverg M., Wu P., Wang H.S. A GPS velocity field for Fennoscandia and a consistent comparison to glacial isostatic adjustment models. J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth 2014, 119(8):6613-6629.
191. King E.C., Woodward J., Smith A.M. Seismic and radar observations of subglacial bed forms beneath the onset zone of Rutford Ice Stream, Antarctica. J.Glaciol. 2007, 53(183):665-672.
192. King E.C., Hindmarsh R.C.A., Stokes C.R. Formation of mega-scale glacial lineations observed beneath a West Antarctic ice stream. Nat. Geosci. 2009, 2(8):585-588.
193. Kirchner N., Hutter K., Jakobsson M., Gyllencreutz R. Capabilities and limitations of numerical ice sheet models: a discussion for Earth-scientists and modelers. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2011, 30:3691-3704.
194. Kleman J. The palimpsest glacial landscape in northwestern Sweden - Late Weichselian deglaciation landforms and traces of older west-centered ice sheets. Geogr. Ann. 1992, 74A:305-325.
195. Kleman J., Applegate P.J. Durations and propagation patterns of ice sheet instability events. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2014, 92:32-39.
196. Kleman J., Borgström I. Reconstruction of palaeo-ice sheets: the use of geomorphological data. Earth Surf. Process. Landf. 1996, 21:893-909.
197. Kleman J., Glasser N.F. The subglacial thermal organisation (STO) of ice sheets. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2007, 26:585-597.
198. Kleman J., Hättestrand C., Borgström I., Stroeven A. Fennoscandian palaeoglaciology reconstructed using a glacial geological inversion model. J.Glaciol. 1997, 43:283-299.
199. Kleman J., Hättestrand C., Stroeven A.P., Jansson K.N., De Angelis H., Borgström I. Reconstruction of palaeo-ice sheets; inversion of their glacial geomorphological record. Glacier Science and Environmental Change 2006, 192-199. Blackwell, Oxford. P.G. Knight (Ed.).
200. Kleman J., Jansson K., De Angelis H., Stroeven A.P., Hättestrand C., Alm G., Glasser N. North American Ice Sheet build-up during the last glacial cycle, 115-21kyr. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2010, 29:2036-2051.
201. Kronborg C. Preliminary result of age determination by TL of interglacial and interstadial sediment. PACT 1983, 9:595-605.
202. Lambeck K., Purcell A., Zhao J., Svensson N.-O. The Scandinavian Ice Sheet: from MIS 4 to the end of the Last Glacial Maximum. Boreas 2010, 39(2):410-435.
203. Le Brocq A.M., Payne A.J., Vieli A. An improved Antarctic dataset for high resolution numerical ice sheet models (ALBMAP v1). Earth Syst. Sci. Data 2010, 2(3):247-260.
204. Le Brocq A.M., Bentley M.J., Hubbard A.L., Fogwill C.J., Sugden D.E. Reconstructing the Last Glacial Maximum ice sheet in the Weddell Sea embayment, Antarctica, using numerical modelling constrained by field evidence. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2011, 30(19-20):2422-2432.
205. Lecavalier B., Milne G., Simpson M., Wake L., Huybrechts P., Tarasov L., Kjeldsen K., Funder S., Long A., Woodroff A., Dyke A., Larsen N. Amodel of Greenland ice sheet deglaciation constrained by observations of relative sea level and ice extent. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2014, 102:54-84.
206. Lekens W.A.H., Sejrup H.P., Haflidason H., Petersen Ø.G., Hjelstuen B., Knorr G. Laminated sediments preceding Heinrich event 1 in the Northern North Sea and Southern Norwegian Sea: origin, processes and regional linkage. Mar. Geol. 2005, 216:27-50.
207. Lekens W.A.H., Sejrup H.P., Haflidason H., Knies J., Richter T. Meltwater and ice rafting in the southern Norwegian Sea between 20 and 40 calendar kyr B.P.: implications for Fennoscandian Heinrich events. Palaeoceanography 2006, 21:PA3013.
208. Lekens W.A.H., Halflidason H., Sejrup H.P., Nygard A., Richter T., Vogt C., Frederichs T. Sedimentation history of the northern North Sea Margin during the last 150ka. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2009, 28:469-483.
209. Lepper K., Buell A.W., Fisher T.G., Lowell T.V. Achronology for glacial Lake Agassiz shorelines along Upham's namesake transect. Quat. Res. 2013, 80:88-98.
210. Leverett F. Glacial Formations and Drainage Features of the Erie and Ohio Basins. U.S. Geological Survey Monograph 1902, vol. 41:802.
211. Leverington D.W., Mann J.D., Teller J.T. Changes in the bathymetry and volume of glacial Lake Agassiz between 11,000 and 9300 C-14 yr BP. Quat. Res. 2000, 54(2):174-181.
212. Leverington D.W., Mann J.D., Teller J.T. Changes in the bathymetry and volume of glacial Lake Agassiz between 9,200 and 7700 C-14 yr BP. Quat. Res. 2002, 57(2):244-252.
213. Levermann A., Albrecht T., Winkelmann R., Martin M.A., Haseloff M., Joughin I. Kinematic first-order calving law implies potential for abrupt ice-shelf retreat. Cryosphere 2012, 6(2):273-286.
214. Levine R.C., Bigg G.R. Sensitivity of the glacial ocean to Heinrich events from different iceberg sources, as modelled by a coupled atmosphere-iceberg-ocean model. Palaeoceanography 2008, 23(4):PA4213.
215. Lewis C.F.M., Miller A.A.L., Levac E., Piper D.J.W., Sonnichsen G.V. Lake Agassiz outburst age and routing by Labrador Current and the 8.2calka cold event. Quat. Int. 2012, 260:83-97.
216. Li Y.K., Napieralski J., Harbor J., Hubbard A. Identifying patterns of correspondence between modeled flow directions and field evidence: an automated flow direction analysis. Comput. Geosci. 2007, 33(2):141-150.
217. Li L., Gao Y.Q., Wang H.J., Guo D., Li S.L. The responses of East Asian Summer monsoon to the North Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation in an enhanced freshwater input simulation. Chin. Sci. Bull. 2009, 54(24):4724-4732.
218. Lifton N., Sato T., Dunai T.J. Scaling in situ cosmogenic nuclide production rates using analytical approximations to atmospheric cosmic-ray fluxes. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2014, 386:149-160.
219. Linge H., Larsen E., Kjær K.H., Demidov I.N., Brook E.J., Raisbeck G.M., Yiou F. Cosmogenic 10Be exposure age dating across early to late Weichselian ice-marginal zones in northwestern Russia. Boreas 2006, 35:576-586.
220. Livingstone S.J., Ó Cofaigh C., Stokes C.R., Hillenbrand C.-D., Vieli A., Jamieson S.S.R. Antarctic palaeo-ice streams. Earth-Sci. Rev. 2012, 111:90-128.
221. Livingstone S.J., Clark C.D., Piotrowski J.A., Tranter M.J., Bentley M.J., Hodson A., Swift D.A., Woodward J. Theoretical framework and diagnostic criteria for the identification of palaeo-subglacial lakes. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2012, 55:88-110.
222. Livingstone S.J., Clark C., Tarasov L. Modelling North American palaeo-subglacial lakes and their meltwater drainage pathways. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2013, 375:13-33.
223. Lowell T.V., Fisher T.G., Hajdas I., Glover K., Loope H.M., Henry T. Radiocarbon deglaciation chronology of the Thunder Bay, Ontario area and implications for ice sheet retreat patterns. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2009, 28:1597-1607.
224. Lowell T.V., Applegate P.J., Fisher T.G., Lepper K. What caused the low-water phase of glacial Lake Agassiz?. Quat. Res. 2013, 80:370-382.
225. Lowick S.E., Trauerstein M., Preusser F. Testing the application of post IR-IRSL dating to fine grain waterlain sediments. Quat. Geochronol. 2012, 8:33-40.
226. MacAyeal D. Large-scale ice flow over a viscous basal sediment: theory and application to Ice Stream B, Antarctica. J.Geophys. Res. 1989, 94(B4):4071-4087.
227. MacAyeal D.R. Binge/purge oscillations of the Laurentide Ice Sheet as a cause of the North Atlantic's Heinrich events. Palaoceanography 1993, 8:775-784.
228. Mackintosh A., Golledge N., Domack E., Dunbar R., Leventer A., White D., Pollard D., DeConto R., Fink D., Zwartz D., Gore D., Lavoie C. Retreat of the East Antarctic ice sheet during the last glacial termination. Nat. Geosci. 2011, 4:195-202.
229. Mahaffy M.A. Athree-dimensional numerical method model of ice sheets - tests on the Barnes Ice Cap, Northwest Territories. J.Geophys. Res. 1976, 81:1059-1066.
230. Mäkinen J. Time-transgressive deposits of repeated depositional sequences within interlobate glaciofluvial (esker) sediments in Köyliö, SW Finland. Sedimentology 2003, 50:327-360.
231. Mangerud J., Astakhov V.I., Murray A., Svendsen J.I. The chronology of a large ice-dammed lake and the Barents-Kara Ice Sheet advances, Northern Russia. Glob. Planet. Change 2001, 31:321-336.
232. Mangerud J., Jakobsson M., Alexanderson H., Astakov V., Clarke G.K.C., Henriksen M., Hjort C., Krinner G., Lunkka J.P., Möller P., Murray A., Nikolslaya O., Saarnisto M., Svendsen J.I. Ice-dammed lakes and rerouting of the drainage of Northern Eurasia during the last glaciation. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2004, 23:1313-1332.
233. Manley W.F., Kaufman D.S. Alaska Paleoglacier Atlas 2002, vol. 1. Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research (INSTAAR), University of Colorado.
234. Marcott S.A., Clark P.U., Padman L., Klinkhammer G.P., Springer S.R., Liu Z., Otto-Bliesner B.L., Carlson A.E., Ungerer A., Padman J., He F., Cheng J., Schmittner A. Ice-shelf collapse from subsurface warming as a trigger for Heinrich events. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 2011, 108:13415-13419.
235. Margold M., Jansson K.N., Stroeven A.P., Jansen J.D. Glacial Lake Vitim, a 3000-km3 outburst flood from Siberia to the Arctic Ocean. Quat. Res. 2011, 76:393-396.
236. Margold M., Jansson K.N. Evaluation of data sources for mapping glacial meltwater features. Int. J. Remote Sens 2012, 33(8):2355-2377.
237. Margold M., Jansson K.N., Kleman J., Stroeven A.P., Clague J.J. Retreat pattern of the Cordilleran Ice Sheet in central British Columbia at the end of the last glaciation reconstructed from glacial meltwater landforms. Boreas 2013, 42(4):830-847.
238. Margold M., Jansson K.N., Kleman J., Stroeven A.P. Lateglacial ice dynamics of the Cordilleran Ice Sheet in northern British Columbia and southern Yukon Territory: retreat pattern of the Liard Lobe reconstructed from the glacial landform record. J.Quat. Sci. 2013, 28:180-188.
239. Margold M.M., Stokes C.R., Clark C.D., Kleman J. Ice streams of the Laurentide Ice Sheet: a new mapping inventory. J.Maps 2015, 11(3):380-395.
240. Marshall S.J., Clarke G.K.C. Acontinuum mixture model of ice stream thermomechanics in the Laurentide Ice Sheet: 2. Application to the Hudson Strait ice stream. J.Geophys. Res. 1997, 102:20,615-20,637.
241. Marshall S.J., Clarke G.K.C. Modelling North America freshwater runoff through the Last Glacial Cycle. Quat. Res. 1999, 52:300-315.
242. Marshall S.J., Koutnik M.R. Ice sheet action versus reaction: distinguishing between Heinrich events and Dansgaard-Oeschger cycles in the North Atlantic. Palaeoceanography 2006, 21:PA2021.
243. McCabe A.M., Ó Cofaigh C. Sedimentation in a subglacial lake, Enniskerry, eastern Ireland. Sediment. Geol. 1994, 91:57-95.
244. Miller G.H., Briner J.P., Lifton N.A., Finkel R.C. Limited ice-sheet erosion and complex exposure histories derived from in situ cosmogenic 10Be, 26Al, and 14C on Baffin Island, Arctic Canada. Quat. Geochronol. 2006, 1:74-85.
245. Mooers H.D., Lehr J.D. Terrestrial record of Laurentide Ice Sheet reorganization during Heinrich events. Geology 1997, 25(11):987.
246. Munro-Stasiuk M.J. Subglacial Lake McGregor, south-central Alberta, Canada. Sediment. Geol. 2003, 160:325-350.
247. Murray A.S., Svendsen J.I., Mangerud J., Astakhov V.I. Testing the accuracy of quartz OSL dating using a known-age Eemian site on the river Sula, northern Russia. Quat. Geochronol. 2007, 2:102-109.
248. Murton J.B., Bateman M.D., Dallimore S.R., Teller J.T., Yang Z. Identification of Younger Dryas outburst flood path from Lake Agassiz to the Arctic Ocean. Nature 2010, 464:740-743.
249. Napieralski J., Hubbard A., Yingkui L., Harbor J., Stroeven A.P., Kleman J., Alm G., Jansson K.N. Towards a GIS assessment of numerical ice-sheet model performance using geomorphological data. J.Glaciol. 2007, 53:71-83.
250. Nicholl J.A.L., Hodell D.A., Naafs B.D.A., Hillaire-Marcel C., Channell J.E.T., Romero O.E. ALaurentide outburst flooding event during the last interglacial period. Nat. Geosci. 2012, 5(12):901-904.
251. Nick F.M., van der Veen C.J., Vieli A., Benn D.I. Aphysically calving based model applied to marine outlet glaciers and implications for glacier dynamics. J.Glaciol. 2010, 56(199):781-794.
252. Nick F.M., Vieli A., Andersen M.L., Joughin I., Payne A., Edwards T.L., Pattyn F., van de Wal R.S.W. Future sea-level rise from Greenland's major outlet glaciers in a warming climate. Nature 2013, 497(7448):235-238.
253. Niessen F., Hong J.K., Hegewald A., Matthiessen J., Stein R., Kim H., Kim S., Jensen L., Jokat W., Nam S., Kang S.-H. Repeated Pleistocene glaciation of the East Siberian continental margin. Nat. Geosci. 2013, 6:842-846.
254. Nishiizumi K., Imamura M., Caffee M.W., Southon J.R., Finkel R.C., McAninch J. Absolute calibration of 10Be AMS standards. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 2007, 258:403-413.
255. Not C., Hillaire-Marcel C. Enhanced sea-ice export from the Arctic during the Younger Dryas. Nat. Commun. 2012, 3:647.
256. Nowicki S.M.J., Wingham D.J. Conditions for a steady ice sheet-ice shelf junction. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2008, 265(1-2):246-255.
257. Nye J.F. Comments on Dr Loewe's letter and notes on crevasses. J.Glaciol. 1955, 2:512-514.
258. Nye J.F. The distribution of stress and velocity in glaciers and ice-sheets. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. Ser. A 1957, 239(1216):113-133.
259. Nygard A., Sejrup H.P., Haflidason H., Lekens W.A.H., Clark C.D., Bigg G.R. Extreme sediment and ice discharge from marine-based ice streams: new evidence from the North Sea. Geology 2007, 35(5):395-398.
260. Ó Cofaigh C. Ice sheets viewed from the ocean: the contribution of marine science to understanding modern and past ice sheets. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. 2012, 370:5512-5539.
261. Ó Cofaigh C., Dowdeswell J.A. Laminated sediments in glacimarine environments: diagnostic criteria for their interpretation. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2001, 20:1411-1436.
262. Ó Cofaigh C., Dowdeswell J.A., Jennings A.E., Hogan K.A., Kilfeather A., Hiemstra J.F., Noormets R.M., Evans J., McCarthy D.J., Andrews J.T., Lloyd J.M., Moros M. An extensive and dynamic ice sheet on the West Greenland shelf during the last glacial cycle. Geology 2013, 41(2):219-222.
263. Oerlemans J. Model experiments on the 100,000-yr glacial cycle. Nature 1980, 287:430-432.
264. Ottesen D., Dowdeswell J.A., Rise L. Submarine landforms and the reconstruction of fast-flowing ice streams within a large Quaternary ice sheet: the 2500km long Norwegian-Svalbard margin (57 degrees - 80 degrees N). Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 2005, 117(7-8):1033-1050.
265. Ottesen D., Stokes C.R., Rise L., Olsen L. Ice-sheet dynamics and ice streaming along the coastal parts of northern Norway. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2008, 27:922-940.
266. Otto-Bliesner B.L., Brady E.C. The sensitivity of the climate response to the magnitude and location of freshwater forcing: last glacial maximum experiments. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2010, 29(1-2):56-73.
267. Paillard D., Labeyrie L. Role of the thermohaline circulation in the abrupt warming after Heinrich events. Nature 1994, 372(6502):162-164.
268. Pattyn F., Schoof C., Perichon L., Hindmarsh R.C.A., Bueler E., de Fleurian B., Durand G., Gagliardini O., Gladstone R., Goldberg D., Gudmundsson G.H., Huybrechts P., Lee V., Nick F.M., Payne A.J., Pollard D., Rybak O., Saito F., Vieli A. Results of the Marine Ice Sheet model intercomparison project, MISMIP. Cryosphere 2012, 6(3):573-588.
269. Payne A.J., Dongelmans P.W. Self-organisation in the thermomechanical flow of ice sheets. J.Geophys. Res. 1997, 102:12219-12234.
270. Pegler S.S., Worster M.G. Dynamics of a viscous layer flowing radially over an inviscid ocean. J.Fluid Mech. 2012, 696:152-174.
271. Peltier W.R. Ice-age paleotopography. Science 1994, 265(5169):195-201.
272. Peltier W.R. Mantle viscosity and ice-age ice sheet topography. Science 1996, 273(5280):1359-1364.
273. Peltier W.R. Global isostasy and the surface of the ice-age earth: the ice-5G (VM2) model and GRACE. Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 2004, 32:111-149.
274. Peltier W.R., Andrews J.T. Glacial isostatic adjustment I: the forward problem. Geophys. J. Int. 1976, 46:605-646.
275. Peltier W.R., Drummond R. Deepest mantle viscosity: constraints from Earth rotation anomalies. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2010, 37:L12304.
276. Peltier W.R., Fairbanks R.G. Global glacial ice volume and Last Glacial Maximum duration from an extended Barbados sea level record. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2006, 25:3322-3337.
277. Peltier W.R., Vettoretti G. Dansgaard-Oeschger oscillations predicted in a comprehensive model of glacial climate: a "kicked" salt oscillator in the Atlantic. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2014, 41:GL061413.
278. Peltier W.R., Farrell W.E., Clark J.A. Glacial isostasy and relative sea-level - global finite-element model. Tectonophysics 1978, 50:81-110.
279. Peltier W.R., Vettoretti G., Stastna M. Atlantic meridional overturning and climate response to Arctic Ocean freshening. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2006, 38:L06713.
280. Peltier W.R., Argus D.F., Drummond R. Space geodesy constrains ice-age terminal deglaciation: the global ICE-6G_C (VM5a) model. J.Geophys. Res. Solid Earth 2015, 120:450-487.
281. Peteet D., Beh M., Orr C., Kurdyla D., Nichols J., Guilderson T. Delayed deglaciation or extreme Arctic conditions 21-16 cal. kyr at southeastern Laurentide ice sheet margin?. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2012, 39:L11706.
282. Petoukhov V., Claussen M., Berger A., Crucifix M., Eby M., Eliseev A., Fichefet T., Ganopolski A., Goosse H., Kamenkovich I., Mokhov I., Montoya M., Mysak L., Sokolov A., Stone P., Wang Z., Weaver A. EMIC intercomparison project (EMIP-CO2): comparative analysis of EMIC simulations of climate, and of equilibrium and transient responses to atmospheric CO2 doubling. Clim. Dyn. 2005, 25:363-385.
283. Piper D.J.W., Skene K.I. Latest Pleistocene ice-rafting events on the Scotian Margin (eastern Canada) and their relationship to Heinrich events. Palaeoceanography 1998, 13(2):205-214.
284. Piper D.J.W., Shaw J., Skene K.I. Stratigraphic and sedimentological evidence for late Wisconsinan sub-glacial outburst floods to Laurentian Fan. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 2007, 246:101-119.
285. Pollard D. Aretrospective look at coupled ice sheet-climate modeling. Clim. Change 2010, 100:173-194.
286. Pollard D., DeConto R.M. Modelling West Antarctic ice sheet growth and collapse through the past five million years. Nature 2009, 458(7236):329-332.
287. Pollard D., DeConto R.M. Description of a hybrid ice sheet-shelf model, and application to Antarctica. Geosci. Model Dev. 2012, 5:1273-1295.
288. Pollard D., DeConto R.M., Alley R.B. Potential Antarctic Ice Sheet retreat driven by hydrofracturing and ice cliff failure. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2015, 412:112-121.
289. Polyak L., Edwards M.H., Coakley B.J., Jakobsson M. Ice shelves in the Pleistocene Arctic Ocean inferred from glaciogenic deep-sea bedforms. Nature 2001, 410:453-457.
290. Polyak L., Darby D.A., Bischof J.F., Jakobsson M. Stratigraphic constraints on late Pleistocene glacial erosion and deglaciation of the Chukchi margin, Arctic Ocean. Quat. Res. 2007, 67(2):234-245.
291. Poore R.Z., Osterman L., Curry W.B., Philips R.L. Late Pleistocene and Holocene meltwater events in the western Arctic Ocean. Geology 1999, 27:759-762.
292. Preusser F., Ramseyer K., Schlüchter C. Characterisation of low OSL intensity quartz from the New Zealand Alps. Radiat. Meas. 2006, 41:871-877.
293. Pritchard H.D., Ligtenberg S.R.M., Fricker H.A., Vaughan D.G., van den Broeke M.R., Padman L. Antarctic ice-sheet loss driven by basal melting of ice shelves. Nature 2012, 484(7395):502-505.
294. Punkari M. Function of the ice streams in the Scandinavian ice-sheet - analyses of glacial geological data from southwestern Finland. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. Earth Sci. 1995, 85:283-302.
295. Putkonen J., Swanson T. Accuracy of cosmogenic ages for moraines. Quat. Res. 2003, 59:255-260.
296. Rashid H., Piper D.J.W. The extent of ice on the continental shelf off Hudson Strait during Heinrich events 1-3. Can. J. Earth Sci. 2007, 44:1537-1549.
297. Rashid H., Saint-Ange F., Barber D.C., Smith M.E., Devalia N. Fine scale sediment structure and geochemical signature between eastern and western North Atlantic during Heinrich events 1 and 2. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2012, 46:136-150.
298. Rayburn J.A., Teller J.T. Isostatic rebound in the northwestern part of the Lake Agassiz basin: isobase changes and overflow. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 2007, 246:23-30.
299. Rayburn J.A., Knuepfer P.L.K., Franzi D.A. Aseries of large late Wisconsinan meltwater floods through the Champlain and Hudson Valleys, New York State, USA. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2005, vol. 24:2410-2419.
300. Rayburn J.A., Franzi D.A., Knuepfer P.L.K. Evidence from the Lake Champlain Valley for a later onset of the Champlain Sea, and implications for late glacial meltwater routing to the North Atlantic. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 2007, vol. 246:62-74.
301. Rayburn J.A., Cronin T.M., Franzi D.A., Knuepfer P.L.K., Willard D.A. Timing and duration of glacial lake discharges and the Younger Dryas climate reversal. Quat. Res. 2011, 75:541-551.
302. Rhodes E.J., Pownall L. Zeroing of the OSL signal in quartz from young glaciofluvial sediment. Radiat. Meas. 1994, 23:581-585.
303. Ridge J.C. The Quaternary glaciation of western New England with correlations to surrounding areas. Quaternary Glaciations - Extent and Chronology, Part 2 2004, 169-199. Elsevier, North America. J. Ehlers, P.L. Gibbard (Eds.).
304. Rinterknecht V.R., Clark P.U., Raisbeck G.M., Yiou F., Bitinas A., Brook E.J., Marks L., Zelčs V., Lunkka J.-P., Pavlovskaya I.E., Piotrowski J.A., Raukas A. The last deglaciation of the southeastern sector of the Scandinavian ice sheet. Science 2006, 311:1449-1452.
305. Robel A.A., Schoof C., Tziperman E. Rapid grounding line migration induced by ice stream internal variability. J.Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. 2014, 119:2430-2447.
306. Roberts D.H., Long A.J. Streamlined bedrock terrain and fast ice flow, Jakobshavns Isbrae, West Greenland: implications for ice stream and ice sheet dynamics. Boreas 2005, 34(1):25-42.
307. Roberts D.H., Long A.J., Schnabel C., Freeman S., Simpson M.J.R. The deglacial history of southeast sector of the Greenland Ice Sheet during the Last Glacial Maximum. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2008, 27:1505-1516.
308. Roberts W.H.G., Valdes P.J., Payne A.J. Anew constraint on the size of Heinrich Events from an iceberg/sediment model. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2014, 386:1-9.
309. Robin G.de Q., Swithinbank C.W.M., Smith B.M.E. Radio echo exploration of the Antarctic Ice Sheet. International Symposium on Antarctic Glaciological Exploration (ISAGE), Hannoer, New Hampshire, USA, 3-7 September, 1968 1970.
310. Roche D.M., Paillard D., Cortijo E. Constraints on the duration and freshwater release of Heinrich event 4 through isotope modelling. Nature 2004, 432:379-382.
311. Roche D.M., Wiersma A.P., Renssen H. Asystematic study of the impact of freshwater pulses with respect to different geographical locations. Clim. Dyn. 2010, 34(7-8):997-1013.
312. Rodrigues C.G., Vilks G. The impact of glacial lake runoff on the Goldthwait and Champlain Seas: the relationship between Glacial Lake Agassiz runoff and the Younger Dryas. Quat. Sci. Rev. 1994, 13:923-944.
313. Roger J., Saint-Ange F., Lajeunesse P., Duchesne M.J., St-Onge G. Late Quaternary glacial history and meltwater discharges along the Northeastern Newfoundland Shelf. Can. J. Earth Sci. 2013, 50:1178-1194.
314. Rooth C. Hydrology and ocean circulation. Prog. Oceanogr. 1982, 11:131-149.
315. Rougier J. Probabilistic inference for future climate using an ensemble of climate model evaluations. Clim. Change 2007, 81:247-264.
316. Roy K., Peltier W.R. Glacial isostatic adjustment, relative sea level history and mantle viscosity: reconciling relative sea level model predictions for the US east coast with geological constraints. Geophys. J. Int. 2015, 201:1156-1181.
317. Ruddiman W.F. Late Quaternary deposition of ice-rafted sand in subpolar North-Atlantic (Lat 4-degrees to 65-degrees-N). Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 1977, 88(12):1813-1827.
318. Saint-Ange F., Piper D.J.W. 40000 years of meltwater events recorded on the Labrador margin, eastern Canada. XVIII INQUA-Congress 2011, 21-27 July, Bern, Switzerland 2011.
319. Sato T., Yasuda H., Niita K., Endo A., Sihver L. Development of PARMA: PHITS-based analytical radiation model in the atmosphere. Radiat. Res. 2008, 170:244-259.
320. Schoof C. Ice sheet grounding line dynamics: steady states, stability, and hysteresis. J.Geophys. Res. 2007, 112(F3):F03S28.
321. Schoof C., Hewitt I. Ice-sheet dynamics. Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 2013, 45:217-239.
322. Scourse J.D., Haapaniemi A.I., Colmenero-Hidalgo E., Peck V.L., Hall I.R., Austin W.E.N., Knutz P.C., Zahn R. Growth, dynamics and deglaciation of the last British-Irish ice sheet: the deep-sea ice-rafted detritus record. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2009, 28:3066-3084.
323. Seddik H., Greve R., Zwinger T., Gillet-Chaulet F., Gagliardini O. Simulations of the Greenland ice sheet 100 years into the future with the full Stokes model Elmer/Ice. J.Glaciol. 2012, 58(209):427-440.
324. Seguinot J., Rogozhina I., Stroeven A.P., Margold M., Kleman J. Numerical simulations of the Cordilleran ice sheet through the last glacial cycle. Cryosphere Discuss. 2015, (submitted for publication).
325. Seguinot J., Khroulev C., Rogozhina I., Stroeven A.P., Zhang Q. The effect of climate forcing on numerical simulations of the Cordilleran Ice Sheet at the Last Glacial Maximum. Cryosphere 2014, 8:1087-1103.
326. Sexton D.M.H., Murphy J.M., Collins M., Webb M.J. Multivariate probabilistic projections using imperfect climate models part I: outline of methodology. Clim. Dyn. 2012, 38(11-12):2513-2542.
327. Shaw J. The meltwater hypothesis for subglacial bedforms. Quat. Int. 2002, 90:5-22.
328. Shaw J., Piper D.J.W., Fader G.B.J., King E.L., Todd B.J., Bell T., Batterson M.J., Liverman D.G.E. Aconceptual model of the deglaciation of Atlantic Canada. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2006, 25(17-18):2059-2081.
329. Shepherd A., et al. Areconciled estimate of ice-sheet mass balance. Science 2012, 338(6111):1183-1189.
330. Shilts W.W. Flow patterns in the central North-American ice sheet. Nature 1980, 286(5770):213-218.
331. Shilts W.W., Aylsworth J.M., Kaszycki C.A., Klassen R.A. Canadian shield. Geomorphic Systems of North America 1987, 119-161. Geological Society of America, Boulder, Colorado, Centennial Special. W.L. Graf (Ed.).
332. Shoemaker E.M. On the formation of large subglacial lakes. Can. J. Earth Sci. 1991, 28:1975-1981.
333. Shoemaker E.M. Subglacial water-sheet floods, drumlins and ice-sheet lobes. J.Glaciol. 1999, 45:201-213.
334. Shreve R.L. Movement of water in glaciers. J.Glaciol. 1972, 11:205-214.
335. Sjogren D.B., Fisher T.G., Taylor L.D., Jol H.M., Munro-Stasiuk M.J. Incipient tunnel channels. Quat. Int. 2002, 90:41-56.
336. Skene K.I., Piper D.J.W. Late Quaternary stratigraphy of Laurentian Fan: a record of events off the eastern Canadian continental margin during the last deglacial period. Quat. Int. 2003, 99-100:135-152.
337. Smith D.G. Glacial Lake McConnell: palaeogeography, age, duration, and associated river deltas, Mackenzie River basin, western Canada. Quat. Sci. Rev. 1994, 13:829-843.
338. Smith D.G., Fisher T.G. Glacial Lake Agassiz: the northwestern outlet and palaeoflood. Geology 1993, 21:9-12.
339. Smith A.M., Murray T., Nicholls K.W., Makinson K., Aoalgeirsdottir G., Behar A.E., Vaughan D.G. Rapid erosion, drumlin formation, and changing hydrology beneath an Antarctic ice stream. Geology 2007, 35(2):127-130.
340. Smith B.E., Fricker H.A., Joughin I.R., Tulaczyk S. An inventory of active subglacial lakes in Antarctica detected by ICESat (2003-2008). J.Glaciol. 2009, 55:573-595.
341. Spielhagen R.F., Baumannc K.-H., Erlenkeuser H., Nowaczyke N.R., Nørgaard-Pedersen N., Vogt C., Weiel D. Arctic Ocean deep-sea record of northern Eurasian ice sheet history. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2004, 23:1455-1483.
342. Spielhagen R.F., Erlenkeuser H., Siegert C. History of freshwater runoff across the Laptev Sea (Arctic) during the last deglaciation. Glob. Planet. Change 2005, 48:187-207.
343. Steffen D., Preusser F., Schlunegger F. OSL quartz age underestimation due to unstable signal components. Quat. Geochronol. 2009, 4:353-362.
344. Stokes C.R., Clark C.D. Geomorphological criteria for identifying Pleistocene ice streams. Ann. Glaciol. 1999, 28:67-75.
345. Stokes C.R., Clark C.D. Palaeo-ice streams. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2001, 20:1437-1457.
346. Stokes C., Tarasov L. Ice streaming in the Laurentide Ice Sheet: a first comparison between data-calibrated numerical model output and geological evidence. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2010, 37:L01501.
347. Stokes C.R., Clark C.D., Darby D.A., Hodgson D. Late Pleistocene ice export events into the Arctic Ocean from the M'Clure Strait Ice Stream, Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Glob. Planet. Change 2005, 49:139-162.
348. Stokes C.R., Clark C.D., Storrar R. Major changes in ice stream dynamics during deglaciation of the north-western margin of the Laurentide Ice Sheet. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2009, 28:721-738.
349. Stokes C.R., Tarasov L., Dyke A.S. Dynamics of the North American Ice Sheet complex during its inception and build-up to the Last Glacial Maximum. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2012, 50:86-104.
350. Stommel H. Thermohaline convection with 2 stable regimes of flow. Tellus 1961, 13(92):224-230.
351. Stone J.O., Balco G.A., Sugden D.E., Caffee M.W., Sass L.C., Cowdery S.G., Siddoway C. Holocene deglaciation of Marie Byrd Land, West Antarctica. Science 2003, 299:99-102.
352. Storrar R.D., Stokes C.R., Evans D.J.A. Morphometry and pattern of a large sample (>20,000) of Canadian eskers and implications for subglacial drainage beneath ice sheets. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2014, 205:1-25.
353. Storrar R.D., Stokes C.R., Evans D.J.A. Increased channelization of subglacial drainage during deglaciation of the Laurentide Ice Sheet. Geology 2014, 42(3):239-242.
354. Stouffer R.J., et al. Investigating the causes of the response of the thermohaline circulation to past and future climate changes. J.Clim. 2006, 19(8):1365-1387.
355. Stroeven A.P., Fabel D., Hättestrand C., Harbor J. Arelict landscape in the centre of Fennoscandian glaciation: cosmogenic radionuclide evidence of tors preserved through multiple glacial cycles. Geomorphology 2002, 44:145-154.
356. Stroeven A.P., Fabel D., Codilean A.T., Kleman J., Clague J.J., Miguens-Rodriguez M., Xu S. Investigating the glacial history of the northern sector of the Cordilleran Ice Sheet with cosmogenic 10Be concentrations in quartz. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2010, 29:3630-3643.
357. Stroeven A.P., Fabel D., Harbor J.M., Fink D., Caffee M.W., Dahlgren T. Importance of sampling across an assemblage of glacial landforms for interpreting cosmogenic ages of deglaciation. Quat. Res. 2011, 76:148-156.
358. Stroeven A.P., Fabel D., Margold M., Clague J.J., Xu S. Investigating absolute chronologies of glacial advances in the NW sector of the Cordilleran Ice Sheet with terrestrial in situ cosmogenic nuclides. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2014, 92:429-443.
359. Svendsen J.I., Alexanderson H., Astakov V.I., Demidov I., Dowdeswell J.A., Funder S., Gataullin V., Henriksen M., Hjort C., Houmark-Nielsen M., Hubbertyon H.W., Ingólfsson Ó., Jakobsson M., Kjaer K.H., Larsen E., Lokrantz H., Lunkka J.P., Lyså A., Mangerud J., Matiouchkov A., Murray A., Möller P., Niessen F., Nikolskaya O., Polyak L., Saarnisto M., Siegert C., Siegert M.J., Spielhagen R.F., Stein R. Late Quaternary ice sheet history of northern Eurasia. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2004, 23:1229-1271.
360. Taldenkova E., Bauch H.A., Stepanova A., Ovsepyan Y., Pogodina I., Klyuvitkina T., Nikolaev S. Benthic and planktic community changes at the North Siberian margin in response to Atlantic water mass variability since last deglacial times. Mar. Micropaleontol. 2013, 99:29-44.
361. Tarasov L., Peltier W.R. Ahigh-resolution model of the 100ka ice-age cycle. Ann. Glaciol. 1997, 25:58-65.
362. Tarasov L., Peltier W.R. Greenland glacial history and local geodynamic consequences. Geophys. J. Int. 2002, 150:198-229.
363. Tarasov L., Peltier W.R. Ageophysically constrained large ensemble analysis of the deglacial history of the North American ice sheet complex. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2004, 23:359-388.
364. Tarasov L., Peltier W.R. Arctic freshwater forcing of the Younger Dryas cold reversal. Nature 2005, 435:662-665.
365. Tarasov L., Peltier W.R. Acalibrated deglacial drainage chronology for the North American continent: evidence of an Arctic trigger for the Younger Dryas. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2006, 25(7-8):659-688.
366. Tarasov L., Dyke A.S., Neal R.M., Peltier W.R. Adata-calibrated distribution of deglacial chronologies for the North American ice complex from glaciological modeling. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2012, 315-316:30-40.
367. Teller J.T. Proglacial lakes and the southern margin of the Laurentide Ice Sheet. Decade of North American Geology 1987, vol. K-3:39-69. Geological Soc. America. W.F. Ruddiman, H.E. Wright (Eds.).
368. Teller J.T. Controls, history, outbursts, and impact of large late-Quaternary proglacial lakes in North America. Developments in Quaternary Science 2004, vol. 1:45-61. (Chapter 3), Elsevier. A. Gillespie, S. Porter, B. Atwater (Eds.).
369. Teller J.T. Lake Agassiz during the Younger Dryas. Quat. Res. 2013, 80:361-369.
370. Teller J.T., Leverington D.W. Glacial Lake Agassiz: a 5000-year history of change and its relationship to the δ18O record of Greenland. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 2004, 116:729-742.
371. Teller J.T., Thorleifson L.H. The Lake Agassiz - Lake Superior connection. Geological Association Canada, Special Paper 1983, vol. 26:261-290. J.T. Teller, L. Clayton (Eds.).
372. Teller J.T., Risberg J., Matile G., Zoltai S. Postglacial history and palaeoecology of Wampum, Manitoba, a former lagoon in the Lake Agassiz basin. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 2000, 112:943-958.
373. Teller J., Leverington D., Mann J. Freshwater outbursts to the oceans from glacial Lake Agassiz and their role in climate change during the last deglaciation. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2002, 21:879-887.
374. Thomsen K.J., Murray A.S., Jain M., Bøtter-Jensen L. Laboratory fading rates of various luminescence signals from feldspar-rich sediment extracts. Radiat. Meas. 2008, 43:1474-1486.
375. Thrasher I.M., Mauz B., Chiverrell R.C., Lang A. Luminescence dating of glaciofluvial deposits: a review. Earth-Sci. Rev. 2009, 97:133-146.
376. Toucanne S., Zaragosi S., Bourillet J.F., Cremer M., Eynaud F., Van Vliet-Lanoë B., Penaud A., Fontanier C., Turon J.L., Cortijo E., Gibbard P.L. Timing of massive 'Fleuve Manche' discharges over the last 350kyr: insights into the European ice-sheet oscillations and the European drainage network from MIS 10 to 2. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2009, 28:1238-1256.
377. Tripsanas E.K., Piper D.J.W. Glaciogenic debris-flow deposits of Orphan Basin, offshore Eastern Canada: sedimentological and rheological properties, origin, and relationship to meltwater discharge. J.Sediment. Res. 2008, 78:724-744.
378. Tripsanas E.K., Piper D.J.W. Late Quaternary stratigraphy and sedimentology of Orphan Basin: implications for meltwater dispersal in the southern Labrador Sea. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 2008, 260:521-539.
379. Tushingham A.M., Peltier W.R. Validation of the ICE-3G model of Wurm-Wisconsin deglaciation using a global data-base of relative sea level histories. J.Geophys. Res. Solid Earth 1992, 97(B3):3285-3304.
380. Upham W. The Glacial Lake Agassiz. U.S. Geological Survey Monograph 1895, vol. 25:658.
381. Valdes P. Built for stability. Nat. Geosci. 2011, 4(7):414-416.
382. van der Veen C.J. Fundamentals of Glacier Dynamics 2013, CRC Press Inc. second ed.
383. van der Wal W., Barnhoorn A., Stocchi C., Gradmann S., Wu P., Drury M., Vermeersen B. Glacial isostatic adjustment model with composite 3-D Earth rheology for Fennoscandia. Geophys. J. Int. 2013, 194(1):61-77.
384. van Meerbeeck C., Roche D., Renssen H. Assessing the sensitivity of the North Atlantic Ocean circulation to freshwater perturbation in various glacial climate states. Clim. Dyn. 2011, 37:1909-1927.
385. Vogt P.R., Crane K., Sundvor E. Deep Pleistocene iceberg plowmarks on the Yermak Plateau: sidescan and 3.5kHz evidence for thick claving ice fronts and a possible marine ice sheet in the Arctic Ocean. Geology 1994, 22:403-406.
386. Vorren T.O., Laberg J.S. Trough Mouth Fans - palaeoclimate and ice sheet monitors. Quat. Sci. Rev. 1997, 16(8):865-881.
387. Ward B.C., Bond J.D., Gosse J.C. Evidence for a 55-50ka (early Wisconsin) glaciation of the Cordilleran ice sheet, Yukon Territory, Canada. Quat. Res. 2007, 68:141-150.
388. Weertman J. Stability of the junction of an ice sheet and an ice shelf. J.Glaciol. 1974, 13:3-11.
389. Weis M., Greve R., Hutter K. Theory of shallow ice shelves. Contin. Mech. Thermodyn. 1999, 11(1):15-50.
390. Werder M.A., Hewitt I.J., Schoof C.G., Flowers G.E. Modeling channelized and distributed subglacial drainage in two dimensions. J.Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. 2013, 118(4):2140-2158.
391. Whitehouse P.L., Bentley M.J., Brocq A.M.L. Adeglacial model for Antarctica: geological constraints and glaciological modelling as a basis for a new model of Antarctic glacial isostatic adjustment. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2012, 32(16):1-24.
392. Winsborrow M.C.M.W., Clark C.D., Stokes C.R. What controls the location of ice streams?. Earth-Sci. Rev. 2010, 103:45-59.
393. Winsborrow M.C.M., Stokes C.R., Andreassen K. Ice stream flow switching during deglaciation of the southwestern Barents Sea. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 2012, 124(3-4):275-290.
394. Wintle A.G. Anomalous fading of thermoluminescence in mineral samples. Nature 1973, 245:143-145.
395. Wright A.P., Siegert M.J. The identification and physiographical setting of Antarctic subglacial lakes: an update based on recent advances. AGU Monograph 2011, M.J. Siegert, C. Kennicutt, B. Bindschadler (Eds.).
396. Young N.E., Schaefer J.M., Briner J.P., Goehring B.M. A10Be production-rate calibration for the Arctic. J.Quat. Sci. 2013, 28:515-526.
397. Zaragosi S., Bourillet J.-F., Eynaud F., Toucanne S., Denhard B., Van Toer A., Lanfumey V. The impact of the last European deglaciation on the deep-sea turbidite systems of the Celtic-Armorican margin (Bay of Biscay). Geo-Mar. Lett. 2006, 26:317-329.