Catastrophic ice shelf breakup as the source of Heinrich event icebergs

Paleoceanography

Volumn 19, Issue 1, 2004, Pages

  Hulbe, Christina L ^a   MacAyeal, Douglas R ^b   Denton, George H ^c   Kleman, Johan ^d   Lowell, Thomas V ^e  

^a PORTLAND STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF MAINE   (United States)

^d STOCKHOLM UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

^e UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI   (United States)

Author keywords

Heinrich events; Ice shelf disintegration

Indexed keywords

HEINRICH EVENT; ICE BREAKUP; ICE SHELF; PALEOCEANOGRAPHY; PALEOCLIMATE;

ATLANTIC OCEAN; ATLANTIC OCEAN (NORTH);

EID: 2542418038     PISSN: 08838305     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2003PA000890     Document Type: Article

References (98)

1. Aksu, A. E., and P. J. Mudie (1985), Late Quaternary stratigraphy and paleoceanography of NW Labrador Sea, Mar. Micropaleontol., 9, 537-557.
2. Alley, R. B. (1991), Sedimentary deposits may cause fluctuations of tidewater glaciers, Ann. Glaciol., 15, 119-124.
3. Alley, R. B., and D. R. MacAyeal (1994), Ice-rafted debris associated with binge/purge oscillations of the Laurentide ice sheet, Paleoceanography, 9(4), 503-511.
4. Alley, R. B., D. E. Lawson, E. B. E. Evenson, J. C. Strasser, and G. J. Larson (1998), Glaciohydraulic supercooling: A freeze-on mechanism to create stratified, debris-rich basal ice. 2. Theory, J. Glaciol, 44(148), 563-569.
5. Andrews, J. T., and K. Tedesco (1992), Detrital carbonate-rich sediments, northwestern Labrador Sea: Implications for ice-sheet dynamics and iceberg rafting (Heinrich) events in the North Atlantic, Geology, 20, 1087-1090.
6. Bard, E., F. Rostek, J.-L. Turon, and S. Gendreau (2000), Hydrological impact of Heinrich events in the subtropical northeast Atlantic, Science, 289, 1321-1324.
7. Bigg, G. R., M. R. Wadley, D. P. Stevens, and J. A. Johnson (1997), Modeling the dynamics and thermodynamics of icebergs, Cold Reg. Sci. Technol., 26, 113-135.
8. Blaise, B., J. J. Clague, and R. W. Matthews (1990), Time of maximum late Wisconsin glaciation, west coast of Canada, Quat. Res., 34, 282-295.
9. Bombosch, A., and A. Jenkins (1995), Modeling the formation and deposition of frazil ice beneath Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 6983-6992.
10. Bond, G., and R, Lotti (1995), Iceberg discharges into the North Atlantic on millennial time scales during the last glaciation, Science, 267, 1005-1010.
11. Bond, G., et al. (1992), Evidence for massive discharge of icebergs into the glacial North Atlantic, Nature, 360, 245-249.
12. Bond, G., W. Broecker, S. Johnsen, J. McManus, L. Labeyrie, J. Jourzel, and G. Bonani (1993), Correlations between climate records from North Atlantic sediments and Greenland ice, Nature, 365, 143-147.
13. Bond, G., W. Showers, M. Cheseby, R. Lotti, P. Almasi, P. deMenocal, P. Priore, H. Cullen, I. Hajdas, and G. Bonani (1997), A pervasive millennial-scale cycle in North Atlantic Holocene and glacial climates, Science, 278, 1257-1266.
14. Bond, G., W. Showers, M. Elliot, M. Evans, R. Lotti, I. Hadjas, G. Bonani, and S. Johnson (1999), The North Atlantic's 1-2 kyr climate rhythm: Relation to Heinrich events, Dansgaard/Oeschger and the Little Ice Age, in Mechanisms of Global Climate Changes at Millennial Timescales, Geophys Monogr. Ser., vol. 112, edited by P. U. Clark et al., pp. 35-58, AGU, Washington, D. C.
15. Broecker, W. S., G. Bond, M. Klas, E. Clark, and J. McManus (1992), Origin of the northern Atlantic's Heinrich events, Clim. Dyn., 6, 91-109.
16. Clark, C. D., J. K. Knight, and J. T. Gray (2000), Geomorphological reconstruction of the Labrador sector of the Laurentide Ice Sheet, Quat. Sci. Rev., 19, 1343-1366.
17. Cuffey, K. M., H. Conway, A. M. Gades, B. Hallet, R. Lorrain, J. P. Severinghaus, E. J. Steig, B. Vaughn, and J. W. C. White (2000), Entrainment at cold glacier beds, Geology, 28, 351-354.
18. Denton, G. H., and T. J. Hughes (1981), The Last Great Ice Sheets, J. Wiley, New York.
19. Denton, G. H., T. V. Lowell, C. J. Heusser, C. Schlüchter, B. G. Andersen, L. E. Heusser, P. I. Moreno, and D. R. Marchant (1999). Geomorphology, stratigraphy, and radiocarbon chronology of Llanquihue drift in the area of the southern Lake District, Seno Reloncavi, and Isla Grande de Chiloé Chile, Geogr. Ann., 81A, 167-229.
20. Doake, C. S. M., H. F. J. Corr, H. Rott, P. Skvarca, and N. W. Young (1998), Breakup and conditions for stability of the northern Larsen ice shelf, Antarctica, Nature, 391, 778-780.
21. Dowdeswell, J. A., M. A. Maslin, J. T. Andrews, and I. N. McCave (1995), Iceberg production, debris rafting and the extent and thickness of Heinrich layers (H-1, H-2) in North Atlantic sediments, Geology, 24, 301-304.
22. 26Al, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 201(2), 1-10.
23. Gladstone, R.M., G.R. Bigg, and K.W. Nicholls (2001), Iceberg trajectory modeling and meltwater injection in the Southern Ocean, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 19,903-19,916.
24. Grant, D. (1989), Quaternary geology of the Atlantic Appalachian region of Canada, in Quaternary Geology of Canada and Greenland, vol. 1, edited by R. J. Fulton, chap. 5, pp. 391-440, Geol. Surv. of Can., Ottawa, Ont.
25. Gray, J. T. (2001), Patterns of ice flow and deglaciation chronology for southern coastal margins of Hudson Strait and Ungava Bay, Geol. Surv. Can. Bull., 566, 31-55.
26. Greve, R., and D. R. MacAyeal (1996), Dynamic/thermodynamic simulations of Laurentide ice-sheet instability, Ann. Glaciol., 23, 328-335.
27. Gribbon, P. W. F. (1979), Cryoconite holes on Sermikavasak, West Greenland, J. Glaciol., 22, 177-181.
28. Grousset, F. E., L. Labeyrie, J. A. Sinko, M. Cremer, G. Bond, and J. Duprat, E. Cortijo, and S. Huon (1993), Patterns of ice-rafted detritus in the glacial north Atlantic (40°-55°N), Paleoceanography, 8, 175-192.
29. Grousset, F. E., C. Pujol, L. Labeyrie, G. Auffret, and A. Boelaert (2000), Were the North Atlantic Heinrich events triggered by the behavior of the European ice sheets?, Geology, 28, 123-126.
30. Grousset, F. E., E. Cortijo, S. Huon, L. Herve, T. Richter, D. Burdloff, J. Duprat, and O. Weber (2001), Zooming in on Heinrich layers, Paleoceanography, 16, 240-259.
31. Gwiazda, R. H., S. R. Hemming, and W. S. Broecker (1996), Provenance of icebergs during Heinrich event 3 and their contrast to their sources during other Heinrich episodes, Paleoceanography, 11, 371-378.
32. Hasse, R., and S. Khodabakhsh (1998), Depositional facies of late Pleistocene Heinrich events in the Labrador Sea, Geology, 26, 103-106.
33. Heinrich, H. (1988), Origin and consequences of cyclic ice rafting in the northeast Atlantic Ocean during the past 130,000 years, Quat. Res., 29, 142-152.
34. 39Ar ages of ice-rafted hornblende, Pb isotopes in feldspar grains, and Nd-Sr-Pb isotopes in the fine sediment fraction, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 164, 317-333.
35. 39Ar dating of individual ice rafted hornblende grains, Quat. Int., 95(6), 75.
36. Hendy, I. L., and J. P. Kennett (1999), Latest Quaternary North Pacific surface-water responses imply atmosphere-driven climate instability, Geology, 27, 291-294.
37. Heusser, C. J., L. E. Heusser, and T. V. Lowell (1999), Paleoecology of the southern Chilean Lake District-Isla Grande de Chiloé during Middle-Late Llanquihue glaciation and deglaciation, Geogr. Ann., 81A, 231-284.
38. Hicock, S. R., O. B. Lian, and R. W. Mathewes (1999), 'Bond cycles' recorded in terrestrial Pleistocene sediments of southwestern British Columbia, Sci. Can. J. Quat., 14, 443-449.
39. Hindmarsh, R. C. A., and A. Jenkins (2001), Centurial-millennial ice-rafted debris pulses from ablating marine ice sheets, Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 2477-2480.
40. Hubbard, A. L. (1997), Modelling climate, topography, and paleoglacier fluctuations in the Chilean Andes, Earth Surf. Proc. Landforms, 22, 79-92.
41. Hughes, T. J. (1983), On the disintegration of ice shelves: The role of fracture, J. Glaciol., 29(101), 98-117.
42. Hulbe, C. L. (1997), An ice shelf mechanism for Heinrich layer production, Paleoceanography, 12, 711-717.
43. Jansson, K. N., J. Kleman, and D. Marchant (2002), The succession of ice-flow patterns in north-central Quebec, Canada, Quat. Sci. Rev., 21(4-6), 503-523.
44. Jennings, A. E. (1993), The Quaternary history of Cumberland Sound, southeastern Baffin Island: The marine evidence, Geogr. Phys. Quat., 47, 21-42.
45. Joughin, I., L. Gray, R. Bindschadler, S. Price, D. Morse, C. Hulbe, K. Mattar, and C. Werner (1999), Tributaries of west Antarctic ice streams revealed by RADARSAT interferometry, Science, 286(5438), 283-286.
46. Keys, H. J. R., S. S. Jacobs, and D. Barnett (1990), The calving and drift of iceberg B9 in the Ross Sea, Antarctica, Antarct. Sci., 2(3), 243-257.
47. Kleman, J., and I. Borgström (1996), Reconstruction of paleo-ice sheets-The use of geomorphological data, Earth Surf. Proc. Landforms, 21, 893-909.
48. Kleman, J., C. Hättestrand, and A. Clarhäll (1999), Zooming in on frozen-bed patches-Scale-dependent controls on Fennoscandian Ice Sheet basal thermal zonation, Ann. Glaciol., 28, 189-194.
49. Kleman, J., D. Marchant, and I. Borgström (2001), Late-glacial ice dynamics on southern Baffin Island and in Hudson Strait, Arctic, Antarct. Alp. Res., 33, 249-257.
50. Lawson, D. E., J. C. Strasser, E. B. E. Evenson, R. B. Alley, G. J. Larson, and S. A. Arcone (1998), Glaciolhydraulic supercooling: A freeze-on mechanism to create stratified, debris-rich basal ice. 1. Field evidence and conceptual model, J. Glaciol., 44, 547-562.
51. Laymon, C. A. (1992), Glacial geology of western Hudson Strait, Canada, with reference to Laurentide Ice Sheet dynamics, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 104, 1169-1177.
52. Lazzara, M. A., K. C. Jezek, T. A. Scambos, C. J. van der Veen, and D. R. MacAyeal (1999), On the recent calving of icebergs from the Ross Ice Shelf, Polar Geogr., 23, 201-212.
53. Lichey, C., and H. H. Hellmer (2001), Modeling giant iceberg drift under the influence of sea ice in the Weddell Sea, J. Glaciol., 158, 452-460.
54. Long, D. G., M. R. Drinkwater, B. Holt, S. Saatchi, and C. Bertoia (2001), Global ice and land climate studies using scatterometer image data, Eos. Trans. AGU, 82(43), 503.
55. Lowell, T. V., R. K. Hayward, and G. H. Denton (1999), The role of climate oscillations in determining ice margin position: Hypothesis, examples, and implications, in Glacial Processes Past and Present, edited by D. Mickelson and J. Attig, pp. 193-203, Geol. Soc. of Am., Boulder, Colo.
56. MacAyeal, D. R. (1985), Evolution of tidally triggered meltwater plumes below ice shelves, Antarct. Res. Ser., 43, 109-132.
57. MacAyeal, D. R. (1993), Binge-purge oscillations of the Laurentide Ice Sheet as a cause of the North Atlantic's Heinrich events, Paleoceanography, 8, 775-784.
58. MacAyeal, D. R., T. A. Scambos, C. L. Hulbe, and M. A. Fahnetock (2003), Catastrophic ice-shelf break-up by an ice-shelf fragment capsize mechanism, J. Glaciol., 49(164), 22-36.
59. MacLean, B. (2001), Bedrock geology of Hudson Strait and Ungava Bay, Geol. Surv. Can. Bull., 566, 65-69.
60. Manley, W. F. (1996), Late-glacial flow patterns, deglaciation, and postglacial emergence of south-central Baffin Island and the north-central coast of Hudson Strait, eastern Canadian Arctic, Can. J. Earth Sci., 33, 1499-1510.
61. Marshall, S. J., and G. K. C. Clarke (1997), A continuum mixture model of ice stream thermomechanics in the Laurentide ice sheet: 2. Application to the Hudson Strait ice stream, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 20,615-20,627.
62. Matsumoto, K. (1999), An iceberg drift and decay model to compute the ice-rafted debris and iceberg meltwater flux: An application to the interglacial North Atlantic, Paleoceanography, 11, 729-742.
63. Mayewski, P. A., L. D. Meeker, M. S. Twickler, S. I. Whitlow, Q. Yang, W. B. Lyons, and M. Prentice (1997), Major features and forcing of high latitude Northern Hemisphere atmospheric circulation over the last 110,000 years, J. Geophys. Res., 102(C12), 26,345-26,366.
64. Meese, D. A., A. J. Gow, R. B. Alley, G. A. Zielinski, P. M. Grootes, M. Ram, K. C. Taylor, P. A. Mayewski, and J. F. Bolzan (1997), The Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 depth-age scale: Methods and results, J. Geophys. Res., 102(C12), 26,411-26,423.
65. Morris, E. M., and D. G. Vaughan (2004), Spatial and temporal variation if surface temperature on the Antarctic Peninsula and the limit of viability of ice shelves, Antarct. Res. Ser., 76, in press.
66. Nereson, N. A., and C. F. Raymond (2001), The elevation history of ice streams and the spatial accumulation pattern along the Siple Coast of west Antarctica inferred from ground-based radar data from three inter-ice-stream ridges, J. Glaciol., 47(157), 303-313.
67. Nøst, O., and S. Østerhus (1998), Impact of grounded icebergs on the hydrographic conditions near the Filchner Ice Shelf, Antarct. Res. Ser., 75, 267-284.
68. Payne, A. J. (1995), Limit cycles in the basal thermal regime of ice sheets, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 4249-4263.
69. Pedlosky, J. (1979), Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, 1st ed., 624 pp., Springer-Verlag, New York.
70. Peterson, L. C., G. H. Haug, K. A. Hughen, and U. Röhl (2000), Rapid changes in the hydrologic cycle of the tropical Atlantic during the last glacial, Science, 290, 1947-1951.
71. Porter, S. C. (1981), Pleistocene glaciation in the southern Lake District of Chile, Quat. Res., 16, 263-292.
72. Porter, S. C., and T. W. Swanson (1998), Radiocarbon age constraints of rates of advance and retreat of the Puget Lobe of the Cordilleran Ice Sheet during the last glaciation, Quat. Res., 50, 205-213.
73. Rahmstorf, S. (2002), Ocean circulation and climate during the past 120,000 years, Nature, 419, 207-214.
74. Rashid, H., R. Hesse, and D. J. W. Piper (2003), Origin of unusually thick Heinrich layers in ice-proximal regions of the northwest Labrador Sea, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 208, 319-336.
75. Rignot, E., and S. Jacobs (2002), Rapid bottom melting widespread near Antarctic Ice Sheet grounding lines, Science, 296, 2020-2023.
76. Rignot, E., and D. R. MacAyeal (1998), Ice-shelf dynamics near the front of the Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf, Antarctica, revealed by SAR interferometry, J. Glaciol., 44, 405-418.
77. Rott, H., P. Skvarca, and T. Nagler (1996), Rapid collapse of Northern Larsen Ice Shelf, Science, 271, 788-792.
78. Rott, H., W. Rack, T. Nagler, and P. Skvarca (1998), Climatically induced retreat and collapse of northern Larsen Ice Shelf, Antarctic Peninsula, Ann. Glaciol., 27, 86-92.
79. Scambos, T. A., C. L. Hulbe, and M. A. Fahnestock (2000), The link between climate warming and break-up of ice shelves in the Antarctic Peninsula, J. Glaciol., 46, 516-530.
80. Scambos, T. A., C. L. Hulbe, and M. A. Fahnestock (2004), Climate-induced ice shelf disintegration in Antarctica, Antarct. Res. Ser., in press.
81. Scourse, J. D., I. R. Hall, I. N. McCave, J. R. Young, and C. Sugdon (2000), The origin of Heinrich layers: Evidence from H2 for European precursor events, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 182, 187-195.
82. Skvarca, P., and H. DeAngelis (2004), Impact assessment of climatic warming on glaciers and ice shelves on northeastern Antarctic Peninsula, Ant. Res. Ser., 76, in press.
83. Skvarca, P., W. Rack, H. Rott, and T. I. y-Donangelo (1998), Evidence of recent climatic warming on the eastern Antarctic Peninsula, Ann. Glaciol., 27, 628-632.
84. Smith, S. D., and E. G. Banke (1983), The influence of winds, currents and towing forces on the drift of icebergs, Cold Reg. Sci. Technol., 6, 241-255.
85. Snoeckx, H., F. E. Grousset, M. Revel, and A. Boelaert (1999), European contribution of ice-rafted sand to Heinrich layers H3 and H4, Mar. Geol., 158, 197-208.
86. Steig, E., et al. (2001), West Antarctic Ice Sheet elevation changes, Antarct. Res. Ser., 77, 75-90.
87. Stokes, C. R., and C. D. Clark (1999), Geomorphological criteria for identifying Pleistocene ice streams, Ann. Glaciol., 28, 67-74.
88. Stuiver, M., and P. M. Grootes (2000), GISP2 oxygen isotope ratios, Quat. Res., 53, 277-284.
89. Sugden, D. E., and S. H. Watts (1977), Tors, felsenmeer and glaciation in northern Cumberland Peninsula, Baffin Island, Can. J. Earth Sci., 14, 2817-2823.
90. Thomas, R. H. (1973), The dynamics of the Brunt Ice Shelf, Coats Land, Antarctica, BAS Sci. Rep. 79, 51 pp., Br. Antarct. Surv., London.
91. Thomas, R. H. (1977), Calving-bay dynamics and ice-sheet retreat up the St. Lawrence Valley system, Geogr. Phys. Quat., 31(3-4), 347-356.
92. Tippett, C. R. (1985), Glacial dispersal train of Paleozoic erratics, Central Baffin Island, N. W. T., Canada, Can. J. Earth Sci., 22, 1818-1826.
93. Vaughan, D. G., and C. S. M. Doake (1996), Recent atmospheric warming and retreat of ice shelves on the Antarctic Peninsula, Nature, 379, 328-331.
94. Vaughan, D. G., G. J. Marshall, W. M. Connolley, J. C. King, and R. Mulvaney (2001), Devil in the detail, Science, 293, 1777-1779.
95. van der Veen, C. J. (1998), Fracture mechanics approach to penetration of surface crevasses on glaciers, Cold Reg. Sci. Technol., 27, 31-47.
96. Veilette, J. J., A. S. Dyke, and M. Roy (1999), Ice flow evolution of the Labrador sector of the Laurentide Ice Sheet: A review, with new evidence from northern Quebec, Quat. Sci. Rev., 18, 993-1019.
97. Weertman, J. (1973), Can a water-filled crevasse reach the bottom surface of a glacier?, in Symposium on the Hydrology of Glaciers: Water Within Glaciers, II, Publ. 95, pp. 139-145, Int. Assoc. of Sci. Hydrol., Louvain, France.
98. Zic, M., R. M. Negrini, and P. E. Wigand (2002), Hemisphere between the North Atlantic and the northwestern Great Basin, United States, Geology, 30, 635-638.