Searching for targets for the systemic therapy of mesothelioma

Annals of Oncology

Volumn 26, Issue 8, 2015, Pages 1649-1660

  Stahel, Rolf A ^a   Weder, W ^a   Felley Bosco, E ^a   Petrausch, U ^a   Curioni Fontecedro, A ^a   Schmitt Opitz, I ^a   Peters, S ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL ZURICH   (Switzerland)

^b LAUSANNE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

Immunotherapy; Mesothelioma; Targeted therapy

Indexed keywords

APITOLISIB; AXITINIB; BORTEZOMIB; CALMODULIN BINDING PEPTIDE 501; CALMODULIN BINDING PROTEIN; CANCER VACCINE; CEDIRANIB; CISPLATIN; DASATINIB; DEFACTINIB; DOVITINIB; ERLOTINIB; EVEROLIMUS; FOCAL ADHESION KINASE INHIBITOR; GANETESPIB; GEMCITABINE; GSK 2256098; IMATINIB; LY 3023414; MAMMALIAN TARGET OF RAPAMYCIN INHIBITOR; NINTEDANIB; OXALIPLATIN; PAZOPANIB; PEGARGIMINASE; PEMETREXED; PLACEBO; SORAFENIB; THALIDOMIDE; TIVANTINIB; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; VS 6064; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENT; FOCAL ADHESION KINASE; PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 3 KINASE; PROTEIN KINASE INHIBITOR; TARGET OF RAPAMYCIN KINASE;

CANCER COMBINATION CHEMOTHERAPY; CANCER IMMUNIZATION; CANCER IMMUNOTHERAPY; CANCER THERAPY; CDKN2A GENE; CELL CYCLE ARREST; CELL THERAPY; CLINICAL TRIAL (TOPIC); DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG SAFETY; ENZYME INHIBITION; GENE; HUMAN; MALIGNANT MESOTHELIOMA; MESOTHELIOMA; MOLECULARLY TARGETED THERAPY; NF2 GENE; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN TARGETING; REVIEW; TREATMENT OUTCOME; ANTAGONISTS AND INHIBITORS; IMMUNOTHERAPY; LUNG NEOPLASMS; METABOLISM; PLEURAL NEOPLASMS; PROCEDURES;

ANTINEOPLASTIC COMBINED CHEMOTHERAPY PROTOCOLS; CISPLATIN; EVEROLIMUS; FOCAL ADHESION PROTEIN-TYROSINE KINASES; HUMANS; IMMUNOTHERAPY; LUNG NEOPLASMS; MESOTHELIOMA; MOLECULAR TARGETED THERAPY; PEMETREXED; PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 3-KINASES; PLEURAL NEOPLASMS; PROTEIN KINASE INHIBITORS; TOR SERINE-THREONINE KINASES;

EID: 84937488979     PISSN: 09237534     EISSN: 15698041     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv101     Document Type: Review

References (111)

1. Vogelzang NJ, Rusthoven JJ, Symanowski J et al. Phase III study of pemetrexed in combination with cisplatin versus cisplatin alone in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. J Clin Oncol 2003; 21: 2636-2644.
2. Van Schil PE, Opitz I, Weder W et al. Multimodal management of malignant pleural mesothelioma: where are we today? Eur Respir J 2014; 44: 754-764.
3. Felley-Bosco E, Stahel R. Hippo/YAP pathway for targeted therapy. Transl Lung cancer Res 2014; 3: 75-83.
4. Johnson SM, Torrice CD, Bell JF et al. Mitigation of hematologic radiation toxicity in mice through pharmacological quiescence induced by CDK4/6 inhibition. J Clin Invest 2010; 120: 2528-2536.
5. Bott M, Brevet M, Taylor BS et al. The nuclear deubiquitinase BAP1 is commonly inactivated by somatic mutations and 3p21.1 losses in malignant pleural mesothelioma. Nat Genet 2011; 43: 668-672.
6. Shapiro GI, Tibes R, Gordon MS et al. Phase I studies of CBP501, a G2 checkpoint abrogator, as monotherapy and in combination with cisplatin in patients with advanced solid tumors. Clin Cancer Res 2011; 17: 3431-3442.
7. Krug LM, Wozniak AJ, Kindler HL et al. Randomized phase II trial of pemetrexed/cisplatin with or without CBP501 in patients with advanced malignant pleural mesothelioma. Lung Cancer 2014; 85: 429-434.
8. Murakami H, Mizuno T, Taniguchi T et al. LATS2 is a tumor suppressor gene of malignant mesothelioma. Cancer Res 2011; 71: 873-883.
9. Dong J, Feldmann G, Huang J et al. Elucidation of a universal size-control mechanism in Drosophila and mammals. Cell 2007; 130: 1120-1133.
10. Striedinger K, Van den Berg SR, Baia GS et al. The neurofibromatosis 2 tumor suppressor gene product, merlin, regulates human meningioma cell growth by signaling through YAP. Neoplasia 2008; 10: 1204-1212.
11. Zhao B, Ye X, Yu J et al. TEAD mediates YAP-dependent gene induction and growth control. Genes Dev 2008; 22: 1962-1971.
12. Mizuno T, Murakami H, Fujii M et al. YAP induces malignant mesothelioma cell proliferation by upregulating transcription of cell cycle-promoting genes. Oncogene 2012; 31: 5117-5122.
13. Fernandez LA, Northcott PA, Dalton J et al. YAP1 is amplified and up-regulated in hedgehog-associated medulloblastomas and mediates Sonic hedgehog-driven neural precursor proliferation. Genes Dev 2009; 23: 2729-2741.
14. Dixit R, Ai X, Fine A. Derivation of lung mesenchymal lineages from the fetal mesothelium requires hedgehog signaling for mesothelial cell entry. Development 2013; 140: 4398-4406.
15. Liu-Chittenden Y, Huang B, Shim JS et al. Genetic and pharmacological disruption of the TEAD-YAP complex suppresses the oncogenic activity of YAP. Genes Dev 2012; 26: 1300-1305.
16. Li W, You L, Cooper J et al. Merlin/NF2 suppresses tumorigenesis by inhibiting the E3 ubiquitin ligase CRL4(DCAF1) in the nucleus. Cell 2010; 140: 477-490.
17. Mori M, Triboulet R, Mohseni M et al. Hippo signaling regulates microprocessor and links cell-density-dependent miRNA biogenesis to cancer. Cell 2014; 156: 893-906.
18. Reid G, Pel ME, Kirschner MB et al. Restoring expression of miR-16: a novel approach to therapy for malignant pleural mesothelioma. Ann Oncol 2013; 24: 3128-3135.
19. Solomon B, Desai J, Scott A et al. First-in-man, multicenter, phase I trial evaluating the safety of first-in-class therapeutic, EGFR-targeted, paclitaxelpackaged minicells. In 24th EORTC-NCI-AACR Symposium on Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics. Dublin: 2012.
20. Smole Z, Thoma CR, Applegate KT et al. Tumor suppressor NF2/Merlin is a microtubule stabilizer. Cancer Res 2014; 74: 353-362.
21. Suraokar MB, Nunez MI, Diao L et al. Expression profiling stratifies mesothelioma tumors and signifies deregulation of spindle checkpoint pathway and microtubule network with therapeutic implications. Ann Oncol 2014; 25: 1184-1192.
22. Poulikakos PI, Xiao GH, Gallagher R et al. Re-expression of the tumor suppressor NF2/merlin inhibits invasiveness in mesothelioma cells and negatively regulates FAK. Oncogene 2006; 25: 5960-5968.
23. Shapiro IM, Kolev VN, Vidal CM et al. Merlin deficiency predicts FAK inhibitor sensitivity: a synthetic lethal relationship. Sci Transl Med 2014; 6: 237ra268.
24. Altomare DA, You H, Xiao GH et al. Human and mouse mesotheliomas exhibit elevated AKT/PKB activity, which can be targeted pharmacologically to inhibit tumor cell growth. Oncogene 2005; 24: 6080-6089.
25. Thomas RK, Baker AC, Debiasi RM et al. High-throughput oncogene mutation profiling in human cancer. Nat Genet 2007; 39: 347-351.
26. Lopez-Lago MA, Okada T, Murillo MM et al. Loss of the tumor suppressor gene NF2, encoding merlin, constitutively activates integrin-dependent mTORC1 signaling. Mol Cell Biol 2009; 29: 4235-4249.
27. Garland LL, Ou SH, Moon J et al. WOG 0722: a phase II study of mTOR inhibitor everolimus (RAD001) in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). J Clin Oncol (In ASCO MEETING) 2012; 7083.
28. Guo Y, Chirieac LR, Bueno R et al. Tsc1-Tp53 loss induces mesothelioma in mice, and evidence for this mechanism in human mesothelioma. Oncogene 2014; 33: 3151-3160.
29. Salphati L, Pang J, Plise EG et al. Preclinical assessment of the absorption and disposition of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor GDC-0980 and prediction of its pharmacokinetics and efficacy in human. Drug Metab Dispos 2012; 40: 1785-1796.
30. Dolly S, Bendell JC, Kindler H et al. Evaluation of tolerability and anti-tumor activity of GDC-0980, an oral PI3K/mTOR inhibitor, administered to patients with advanced solid tumors or non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. In ECCO-ESMO-ESTRO 2013. Amsterdam: EJC 2013.
31. Szlosarek PW, Klabatsa A, Pallaska A et al. In vivo loss of expression of argininosuccinate synthetase in malignant pleural mesothelioma is a biomarker for susceptibility to arginine depletion. Clin Cancer Res 2006; 12: 7126-7131.
32. Phillips MM, Sheaff MT, Szlosarek PW. Targeting arginine-dependent cancers with arginine-degrading enzymes: opportunities and challenges. Cancer Res Treat 2013; 45: 251-262.
33. Ordonez NG. Value of calretinin immunostaining in diagnostic pathology: a review and update. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2014; 22: 401-415.
34. Blum W, Schwaller B. Calretinin is essential for mesothelioma cell growth/survival in vitro: a potential new target for malignant mesothelioma therapy? Int J Cancer 2013; 133: 2077-2088.
35. Filiberti R, Marroni P, Neri M et al. Serum PDGF-AB in pleural mesothelioma. Tumour Biol 2005; 26: 221-226.
36. Ascoli V, Scalzo CC, Facciolo F, Nardi F. Platelet-derived growth factor receptor immunoreactivity in mesothelioma and non-neoplastic mesothelial cells in serous effusions. Acta Cytol 1995; 39: 613-622.
37. Konig JE, Tolnay E, Wiethege T, Muller KM. Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in diffuse malignant pleural mesothelioma. Virchows Arch 1999; 435: 8-12.
38. Konig J, Tolnay E, Wiethege T, Muller K. Co-expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptor flt-1 in malignant pleural mesothelioma. Respiration 2000; 67: 36-40.
39. Strizzi L, Catalano A, Vianale G et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor is an autocrine growth factor in human malignant mesothelioma. J Pathol 2001; 193: 468-475.
40. Arber DA, Weiss LM, West RB. CD117 expression in mesothelioma. Mod Pathol 2004; 17: 1021.
41. Porta C, Mutti L, Tassi G. Negative results of an Italian Group for Mesothelioma (G.I.Me.) pilot study of single-agent imatinib mesylate in malignant pleural mesothelioma. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2007; 59: 149-150.
42. Mathy A, Baas P, Dalesio O, van Zandwijk N. Limited efficacy of imatinib mesylate in malignant mesothelioma: a phase II trial. Lung Cancer 2005; 50: 83-86.
43. Villano J, Husain AN, Stadler MB et al. A phase II trial of imatinib mesylate in patients ( pts) with malignant mesothelioma (MM). J Clin Oncol 2004; 22: 14.
44. Millward M, Parnis F, Byrne M et al. Phase II trial of imatinib mesylate in patients with advanced pleural mesothelioma. Am J Clin Oncol 2003; 22: 912.
45. Dubey S, Janne PA, Krug L et al. A phase II study of sorafenib in malignant mesothelioma: results of Cancer and Leukemia Group B 30307. J Thorac Oncol 2010; 5: 1655-1661.
46. Papa S, Popat S, Shah R et al. Phase 2 study of sorafenib in malignant mesothelioma previously treated with platinum-containing chemotherapy. J Thorac Oncol 2013; 8: 783-787.
47. Nowak AK, Millward MJ, Creaney J et al. A phase II study of intermittent sunitinib malate as second-line therapy in progressive malignant pleural mesothelioma. J Thorac Oncol 2012; 7: 1449-1456.
48. Laurie SA, Gupta A, Chu Q et al. Brief report: a phase II study of sunitinib in malignant pleural mesothelioma. The NCIC Clinical Trials Group. J Thorac Oncol 2011; 6: 1950-1954.
49. Camidge DR, Blais N, Jonker DJ et al. Sunitinib combined with pemetrexed and cisplatin: results of a phase I dose-escalation and pharmacokinetic study in patients with advanced solid malignancies, with an expanded cohort in non-small cell lung cancer and mesothelioma. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2013; 71: 307-319.
50. Jahan T, Gu L, Kratzke R et al. Vatalanib in malignant mesothelioma: a phase II trial by the Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB 30107). Lung Cancer 2012; 76: 393-396.
51. Garland LL, Chansky K, Wozniak AJ et al. Phase II study of cediranib in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma: SWOG S0509. J Thorac Oncol 2011; 6: 1938-1945.
52. Campbell NP, Kunnavakkam R, Leighl N et al. Cediranib in patients with malignant mesothelioma: a phase II trial of the University of Chicago Phase II Consortium. Lung Cancer 2012; 78: 76-80.
53. Dudek AZ, Pang H, Kratzke RA et al. Phase II study of dasatinib in patients with previously treated malignant mesothelioma (cancer and leukemia group B 30601): a brief report. J Thorac Oncol 2012; 7: 755-759.
54. Destro A, Ceresoli GL, Falleni M et al. EGFR overexpression in malignant pleural mesothelioma. An immunohistochemical and molecular study with clinicopathological correlations. Lung Cancer 2006; 51: 207-215.
55. Edwards JG, Swinson DE, Jones JL et al. EGFR expression: associations with outcome and clinicopathological variables in malignant pleural mesothelioma. Lung Cancer 2006; 54: 399-407.
56. Govindan R, Kratzke RA, Herndon JE, III et al. Gefitinib in patients with malignant mesothelioma: a phase II study by the Cancer and Leukemia Group B. Clin Cancer Res 2005; 11: 2300-2304.
57. Garland LL, Rankin C, Gandara DR et al. Phase II study of erlotinib in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma: a Southwest Oncology Group Study. J Clin Oncol 2007; 25: 2406-2413.
58. Jackman DM, Kindler HL, Yeap BY et al. Erlotinib plus bevacizumab in previously treated patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Cancer 2008; 113: 808-814.
59. Kelly WK, O'Connor OA, Krug LM et al. Phase I study of an oral histone deacetylase inhibitor, suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid, in patients with advanced cancer. J Clin Oncol 2005; 23: 3923-3931.
60. Krug L. Vorinostat in patients with advanced malignant pleural mesothelioma who have failed prior pemetrexed and either cisplatin or carboplatin therapy: a phase III randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. In ECCO-ESMO 2011. Stockholm: 2011.
61. Ramalingam SS, Belani CP, Ruel C et al. Phase II study of belinostat (PXD101), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, for second line therapy of advanced malignant pleural mesothelioma. J Thorac Oncol 2009; 4: 97-101.
62. Scherpereel A, Berghmans T, Lafitte JJ et al. Valproate-doxorubicin: promising therapy for progressing mesothelioma. A phase II study. Eur Respir J 2011; 37: 129-135.
63. Fennell DA, McDowell C, Busacca S et al. Phase II clinical trial of first or secondline treatment with bortezomib in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. J Thorac Oncol 2012; 7: 1466-1470.
64. O'Brien ME, Gaafar RM, Popat S et al. Phase II study of first-line bortezomib and cisplatin in malignant pleural mesothelioma and prospective validation of progression free survival rate as a primary end-point for mesothelioma clinical trials (European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer 08052). Eur J Cancer 2013; 49: 2815-2822.
65. Kindler HL, Karrison TG, Gandara DR et al. Multicenter, double-blind, placebocontrolled, randomized phase II trial of gemcitabine/cisplatin plus bevacizumab or placebo in patients with malignant mesothelioma. J Clin Oncol 2012; 30: 2509-2515.
66. Dowell J, Gerber DE, Dunphy F. Association of hypertension (HTN) and clinical outcome in a phase II trial of cisplatin (C), pemetrexed (P), and bevacizumab (B) in patients with untreated malignant mesothelioma. J Clin Oncol 2010; 28: 15.
67. Zalcman G, Margery J, Scherpereel A et al. IFCT-GFPC-0701 MAPS trial, a multicenter randomized phase II/III trial of pemetrexed-cisplatin with or without bevacizumab in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. J Clin Oncol 2010; 28: 7020.
68. Siemann DW. The unique characteristics of tumor vasculature and preclinical evidence for its selective disruption by tumor-vascular disrupting agents. Cancer Treat Rev 2011; 37: 63-74.
69. Nowak AK, Brown C, Millward MJ et al. A phase II clinical trial of the vascular disrupting agent BNC105P as second line chemotherapy for advanced malignant pleural mesothelioma. Lung Cancer 2013; 81: 422-427.
70. Tamilarasan KP, Kolluru GK, Rajaram M et al. Thalidomide attenuates nitric oxide mediated angiogenesis by blocking migration of endothelial cells. BMC Cell Biol 2006; 7: 17.
71. De Sanctis JB, Mijares M, Suarez A et al. Pharmacological properties of thalidomide and its analogues. Recent Pat Inflamm Allergy Drug Discov 2010; 4: 144-148.
72. Baas P, Boogerd W, Dalesio O et al. Thalidomide in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Lung Cancer 2005; 48: 291-296.
73. Pavlakis N, Abraham R, Harvie R. Thalidomide alone or in combination with cisplatin/gemcitabine in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MM); interim results from two parallel non randomized phase II studies. Lung Cancer 2003; 41: 11.
74. Buikhuisen WA, Burgers JA, Vincent AD et al. Thalidomide versus active supportive care for maintenance in patients with malignant mesothelioma after first-line chemotherapy (NVALT 5): an open-label, multicentre, randomised phase 3 study. Lancet Oncol 2013; 14: 543-551.
75. Gregorc V, Zucali PA, Santoro A et al. Phase II study of asparagine-glycinearginine-human tumor necrosis factor alpha, a selective vascular targeting agent, in previously treated patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. J Clin Oncol 2010; 28: 2604-2611.
76. Suzuki K, Kadota K, Sima CS et al. Chronic inflammation in tumor stroma is an independent predictor of prolonged survival in epithelioid malignant pleural mesothelioma patients. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2011; 60: 1721-1728.
77. Suzuki E, Kapoor V, Cheung HK et al. Soluble type II transforming growth factorbeta receptor inhibits established murine malignant mesothelioma tumor growth by augmenting host antitumor immunity. Clin Cancer Res 2004; 10: 5907-5918.
78. Fitzpatrick DR, Peroni DJ, Bielefeldt-Ohmann H. The role of growth factors and cytokines in the tumorigenesis and immunobiology of malignant mesothelioma. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 1995; 12: 455-460.
79. Marzo AL, Fitzpatrick DR, Robinson BW, Scott B. Antisense oligonucleotides specific for transforming growth factor beta2 inhibit the growth of malignant mesothelioma both in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Res 1997; 57: 3200-3207.
80. Stevenson JP, Kindler HL, Papasavvas E et al. Immunological effects of the TGFbeta-blocking antibody GC1008 in malignant pleural mesothelioma patients. Oncoimmunology 2013; 2: e26218.
81. Sterman DH, Recio A, Carroll RG et al. A phase I clinical trial of single-dose intrapleural IFN-beta gene transfer for malignant pleural mesothelioma and metastatic pleural effusions: high rate of antitumor immune responses. Clin Cancer Res 2007; 13: 4456-4466.
82. Sterman DH, Recio A, Haas AR et al. A phase I trial of repeated intrapleural adenoviral-mediated interferon-beta gene transfer for mesothelioma and metastatic pleural effusions. Mol Ther 2010; 18: 852-860.
83. Dunn GP, Koebel CM, Schreiber RD. Interferons, immunity and cancer immunoediting. Nat Rev Immunol 2006; 6: 836-848.
84. Parra HS, Tixi L, Latteri F et al. Combined regimen of cisplatin, doxorubicin, and alpha-2b interferon in the treatment of advanced malignant pleural mesothelioma: a phase II multicenter trial of the Italian Group on Rare Tumors (GITR) and the Italian Lung Cancer Task Force (FONICAP). Cancer 2001; 92: 650-656.
85. Sterman DH, Haas A, Moon E et al. A trial of intrapleural adenoviral-mediated Interferon-alpha2b gene transfer for malignant pleural mesothelioma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2011; 184: 1395-1399.
86. Gauvrit A, Brandler S, Sapede-Peroz C et al. Measles virus induces oncolysis of mesothelioma cells and allows dendritic cells to cross-prime tumor-specific CD8 response. Cancer Res 2008; 68: 4882-4892.
87. Salama AK, Hodi FS. Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4. Clin Cancer Res 2011; 17: 4622-4628.
88. Calabro L, Morra A, Fonsatti E et al. Tremelimumab for patients with chemotherapy-resistant advanced malignant mesothelioma: an open-label, single-arm, phase 2 trial. Lancet Oncol 2013; 14: 1104-1111.
89. Mansfield AS, Roden AC, Peikert T et al. B7-H1 expression in malignant pleural mesothelioma is associated with sarcomatoid histology and poor prognosis. J Thorac Oncol 2014; 9: 1036-1040.
90. Tang Z, Qian M, Ho M. The role of mesothelin in tumor progression and targeted therapy. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2013; 13: 276-280.
91. Ma J, Tang WK, Esser L et al. Recognition of mesothelin by the therapeutic antibody MORAb-009: structural and mechanistic insights. J Biol Chem 2012; 287: 33123-33131.
92. Hassan R, Cohen SJ, Phillips M et al. Phase I clinical trial of the chimeric antimesothelin monoclonal antibody MORAb-009 in patients with mesothelinexpressing cancers. Clin Cancer Res 2010; 16: 6132-6138.
93. Li Q, Verschraegen CF, Mendoza J, Hassan R. Cytotoxic activity of the recombinant anti-mesothelin immunotoxin, SS1(dsFv)PE38, towards tumor cell lines established from ascites of patients with peritoneal mesotheliomas. Anticancer Res 2004; 24: 1327-1335.
94. Kreitman RJ, Hassan R, Fitzgerald DJ, Pastan I. Phase I trial of continuous infusion anti-mesothelin recombinant immunotoxin SS1P. Clin Cancer Res 2009; 15: 5274-5279.
95. Hassan R, Miller AC, Sharon E et al. Major cancer regressions in mesothelioma after treatment with an anti-mesothelin immunotoxin and immune suppression. Sci Transl Med 2013; 5: 208ra147.
96. Golfier S, Kopitz C, Kahnert A et al. Anetumab ravtansine-a novel mesothelintargeting antibody-drug conjugate cures tumors with heterogeneous target expression favored by bystander effect. Mol Cancer Ther 2014; 13: 1537-1548.
97. Le DT, Brockstedt DG, Nir-Paz R et al. A live-attenuated Listeria vaccine (ANZ-100) and a live-attenuated Listeria vaccine expressing mesothelin (CRS-207) for advanced cancers: phase I studies of safety and immune induction. Clin Cancer Res 2012; 18: 858-868.
98. May RJ, Dao T, Pinilla-Ibarz J et al. Peptide epitopes from the Wilms' tumor 1 oncoprotein stimulate CD4+ and CD8+ T cells that recognize and kill human malignant mesothelioma tumor cells. Clin Cancer Res 2007; 13: 4547-4555.
99. Krug LM, Dao T, Brown AB et al. WT1 peptide vaccinations induce CD4 and CD8T cell immune responses in patients with mesothelioma and non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2010; 59: 1467-1479.
100. Powell A, Creaney J, Broornfield S et al. Recombinant GM-CSF plus autologous tumor cells as a vaccine for patients with mesothelioma. Lung Cancer 2006; 52: 189-197.
101. Le DT, Jaffee EM. Regulatory T-cell modulation using cyclophosphamide in vaccine approaches: a current perspective. Cancer Res 2012; 72: 3439-3444.
102. Whittaker DS, Bahjat KS, Moldawer LL, Clare-Salzler MJ. Autoregulation of human monocyte-derived dendritic cell maturation and IL-12 production by cyclooxygenase-2-mediated prostanoid production. J Immunol 2000; 165: 4298-4304.
103. Kantoff PW, Higano CS, Shore ND et al. Sipuleucel-T immunotherapy for castration-resistant prostate cancer. N Engl J Med 2010; 363: 411-422.
104. Hegmans JP, Veltman JD, Lambers ME et al. Consolidative dendritic cell-based immunotherapy elicits cytotoxicity against malignant mesothelioma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2010; 181: 1383-1390.
105. Lanitis E, Poussin M, Hagemann IS et al. Redirected antitumor activity of primary human lymphocytes transduced with a fully human anti-mesothelin chimeric receptor. Mol Ther 2012; 20: 633-643.
106. Moon EK, Carpenito C, Sun J et al. Expression of a functional CCR2 receptor enhances tumor localization and tumor eradication by retargeted human T cells expressing a mesothelin-specific chimeric antibody receptor. Clin Cancer Res 2011; 17: 4719-4730.
107. Zhao Y, Moon E, Carpenito C et al. Multiple injections of electroporated autologous T cells expressing a chimeric antigen receptor mediate regression of human disseminated tumor. Cancer Res 2010; 70: 9053-9061.
108. Schuberth PC, Hagedorn C, Jensen SM et al. Treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma by fibroblast activation protein-specific re-directed T cells. J Transl Med 2013; 11: 187.
109. Garin-Chesa P, Old LJ, Rettig WJ. Cell surface glycoprotein of reactive stromal fibroblasts as a potential antibody target in human epithelial cancers. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1990; 87: 7235-7239.
110. Petrausch U, Schuberth PC, Hagedorn C et al. Re-directed T cells for the treatment of fibroblast activation protein (FAP)-positive malignant pleural mesothelioma (FAPME-1). BMC Cancer 2012; 12: 615.
111. Scherpereel A, Grigoriu BD, Noppen M et al. Defect in recruiting effector memory CD8+ T-cells in malignant pleural effusions compared to normal pleural fluid. BMC Cancer 2013; 13: 324.