5-Hydroxymethylcytosine, the “Sixth Base”, during brain development and ageing

Journal of Neural Transmission

Volumn 122, Issue 7, 2015, Pages 1035-1043

  Kraus, Theo F J ^a   Guibourt, Virginie ^a   Kretzschmar, Hans A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MUNICH   (Germany)

Author keywords

5 Hydroxymethylcytosine, 5hmC; Ageing; Brain; Development; Epigenetics

Indexed keywords

5 HYDROXYMETHYLCYTOSINE; 5-HYDROXYMETHYLCYTOSINE; CYTOSINE; ENOLASE;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ADULTHOOD; AGED; AGING; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; BRAIN DEVELOPMENT; BRAIN NERVE CELL; CELL NUCLEUS; CEREBELLUM; CEREBELLUM CORTEX; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE; FEMALE; FETUS; FRONTAL CORTEX; GRANULAR CELL; GROUPS BY AGE; HUMAN; HUMAN TISSUE; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; LIMIT OF QUANTITATION; MALE; MOUSE; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PURKINJE CELL; WHITE MATTER; ANALOGS AND DERIVATIVES; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; ANIMAL; BRAIN; C57BL MOUSE; EMBRYOLOGY; GESTATIONAL AGE; GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND AGING; METABOLISM; MIDDLE AGED; NEWBORN; PHYSIOLOGY; VERY ELDERLY; YOUNG ADULT;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; AGING; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; ANIMALS; ANIMALS, NEWBORN; BRAIN; CYTOSINE; FEMALE; FETUS; GESTATIONAL AGE; HUMANS; MALE; MICE; MICE, INBRED C57BL; MIDDLE AGED; PHOSPHOPYRUVATE HYDRATASE; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84937409235     PISSN: 03009564     EISSN: 14351463     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00702-014-1346-4     Document Type: Article

References (24)

1. Bradley-Whitman MA, Lovell MA (2013) Epigenetic changes in the progression of Alzheimer’s disease. Mech Ageing Dev 134:486–495. doi:10.1016/j.mad.2013.08.005
2. Branco MR, Ficz G, Reik W (2012) Uncovering the role of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in the epigenome. Nat Rev Genet 13:7–13. doi:10.1038/nrg3080
3. Clancy B, Kersh B, Hyde J, Darlington RB, Anand KJ, Finlay BL (2007) Web-based method for translating neurodevelopment from laboratory species to humans. Neuroinformatics 5:79–94
4. Condliffe D et al (2014) Cross-region reduction in 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in Alzheimer’s disease brain. Neurobiol Aging 35:1850–1854. doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2014.02.002
5. Ficz G et al (2011) Dynamic regulation of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in mouse ES cells and during differentiation. Nature 473:398–402. doi:10.1038/nature10008
6. He YF et al (2011) Tet-mediated formation of 5-carboxylcytosine and its excision by TDG in mammalian DNA. Science 333:1303–1307. doi:10.1126/science.1210944
7. Ito S, D’Alessio AC, Taranova OV, Hong K, Sowers LC, Zhang Y (2010) Role of Tet proteins in 5mC to 5hmC conversion. ES-cell self-renewal and inner cell mass specification Nature 466:1129–1133. doi:10.1038/nature09303
8. Ito S et al (2011) Tet proteins can convert 5-methylcytosine to 5-formylcytosine and 5-carboxylcytosine. Science 333:1300–1303. doi:10.1126/science.1210597
9. James SJ, Shpyleva S, Melnyk S, Pavliv O, Pogribny IP (2014) Elevated 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in the Engrailed-2 (EN-2) promoter is associated with increased gene expression and decreased MeCP2 binding in autism cerebellum. Transl Psychiatry 4:e460. doi:10.1038/tp.2014.87
10. Jin SG, Wu X, Li AX, Pfeifer GP (2011) Genomic mapping of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in the human brain. Nucleic Acids Res 39:5015–5024. doi:10.1093/nar/gkr120
11. Kraus TF et al (2012) Low values of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), the “sixth base,” are associated with anaplasia in human brain tumors. Int J Cancer 131:1577–1590. doi:10.1002/ijc.27429
12. Kriaucionis S, Heintz N (2009) The nuclear DNA base 5-hydroxymethylcytosine is present in Purkinje neurons and the brain. Science 324:929–930. doi:10.1126/science.1169786
13. Mellen M, Ayata P, Dewell S, Kriaucionis S, Heintz N (2012) MeCP2 binds to 5hmC enriched within active genes and accessible chromatin in the nervous system. Cell 151:1417–1430. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2012.11.022
14. Munzel M, Globisch D, Carell T (2011) 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine, the sixth base of the genome. Angew Chem 50:6460–6468. doi:10.1002/anie.201101547
15. Pelvig DP, Pakkenberg H, Stark AK, Pakkenberg B (2008) Neocortical glial cell numbers in human brains. Neurobiol Aging 29:1754–1762. doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2007.04.013
16. Pfaffeneder T et al (2011) The discovery of 5-formylcytosine in embryonic stem cell DNA. Angew Chem 50:7008–7012. doi:10.1002/anie.201103899
17. Spruijt CG et al (2013) Dynamic readers for 5-(hydroxy)methylcytosine and its oxidized derivatives. Cell 152:1146–1159. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2013.02.004
18. Szulwach KE et al (2011a) Integrating 5-hydroxymethylcytosine into the epigenomic landscape of human embryonic stem cells. PLoS Genet 7:e1002154. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1002154
19. Szulwach KE et al (2011b) 5-hmC-mediated epigenetic dynamics during postnatal neurodevelopment and aging. Nat Neurosci 14:1607–1616. doi:10.1038/nn.2959
20. Tahiliani M et al (2009) Conversion of 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in mammalian DNA by MLL partner TET1. Science 324:930–935. doi:10.1126/science.1170116
21. van den Hove DL, Chouliaras L, Rutten BP (2012) The role of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in aging and Alzheimer’s disease: current status and prospects for future studies. Curr Alzheimer Res 9:545–549
22. Villar-Menendez I et al (2013) Increased 5-methylcytosine and decreased 5-hydroxymethylcytosine levels are associated with reduced striatal A2AR levels in Huntington’s disease. Neuromolecular Med 15:295–309. doi:10.1007/s12017-013-8219-0
23. Wang F et al (2013) Genome-wide loss of 5-hmC is a novel epigenetic feature of Huntington’s disease. Hum Mol Genet 22:3641–3653. doi:10.1093/hmg/ddt214
24. Zhubi A, Chen Y, Dong E, Cook EH, Guidotti A, Grayson DR (2014) Increased binding of MeCP2 to the GAD1 and RELN promoters may be mediated by an enrichment of 5-hmC in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) cerebellum. Transl Psychiatry 4:e349. doi:10.1038/tp.2013.123