Using genetics to test the causal relationship of total adiposity and periodontitis: Mendelian randomization analyses in the Gene-Lifestyle Interactions and Dental Endpoints (GLIDE) Consortium

International Journal of Epidemiology

Volumn 44, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 638-650

  Shungin, Dmitry ^a   Cornelis, Marilyn C ^c   Divaris, Kimon ^d,m   Holtfreter, Birte ^e   Shaffer, John R ^f   Yu, Yau Hua ^g   Barros, Silvana P ^d   Beck, James D ^d   Biffar, Reiner ^e   Boerwinkle, Eric A ^h,i   Crout, Richard J ^j   Ganna, Andrea ^k   Hallmans, Goran ^a   Hindy, George ^b   Hu, Frank B ^c   Kraft, Peter ^c   McNeil, Daniel W ^l   Melander, Olle ^b   Moss, Kevin L ^d   North, Kari E ^m,n   Orho Melander, Marju ^b   Pedersen, Nancy L ^k   Ridker, Paul M ^o,p   Rimm, Eric B ^c   Rose, Lynda M ^o   Rukh, Gull ^b   Teumer, Alexander ^q   Weyant, Robert J ^r   Chasman, Daniel I ^o,p   Joshipura, Kaumudi ^s   Kocher, Thomas ^e   Magnusson, Patrik K E ^k   Marazita, Mary L ^f,r,t   Nilsson, Peter ^u   Offenbacher, Steve ^d   Smith, George Davey ^v   Lundberg, Pernilla ^a   Palmer, Tom M ^w   Timpson, Nicholas J ^v   Johansson, Ingegerd ^a   Franks, Paul W ^a,b,c   more..

^a UMEÅ UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

^b LUND UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Sweden)

^c HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA   (United States)

^e UNIVERSITY OF GREIFSWALD   (Germany)

^f UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH GRADUATE SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

^g HARVARD SCHOOL OF DENTAL MEDICINE   (United States)

^h UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS   (United States)

ⁱ UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

^j West Virginia University School of Dentistry   (United States)

^k KAROLINSKA INSTITUTE   (Sweden)

^l Dental Practice and Rural Health   (United States)

^m IL   (United States)

ⁿ UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA   (United States)

^o BRIGHAM AND WOMEN S HOSPITAL   (United States)

^p HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

^q UNIVERSITY MEDICINE GREIFSWALD   (Germany)

^r UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH   (United States)

^s UNIVERSITY OF PUERTO RICO   (Puerto Rico)

^t UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^u LUND UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

^v UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL   (United Kingdom)

^w UNIVERSITY OF WARWICK   (United Kingdom)

more..

Author keywords

BMI; Casual inference; Confounding; Mendelian randomization; Periodontitis

Indexed keywords

BODY MASS; DENTAL HEALTH; GENETIC ANALYSIS; GENOTYPE-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION; LIFESTYLE; META-ANALYSIS; OBSERVATIONAL METHOD; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTOR;

ARTICLE; BODY MASS; CAUSAL ATTRIBUTION; EUROPE; GENETIC ANALYSIS; GENETIC ASSOCIATION; GENETIC MODEL; GENETIC RISK SCORE; GENETICS; GENOTYPE; HUMAN; INVESTIGATIVE PROCEDURES; MENDELIAN RANDOMIZATION ANALYSIS; META ANALYSIS; OBESITY; PERIODONTITIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISM; TOTAL ADIPOSITY; UNITED STATES; ADULT; AGE DISTRIBUTION; AGED; COHORT ANALYSIS; FEMALE; LIFESTYLE; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; YOUNG ADULT;

EUROPE; UNITED STATES;

ALPHA KETOGLUTARATE DEPENDENT DIOXYGENASE FTO; FTO PROTEIN, HUMAN; MC4R PROTEIN, HUMAN; MELANOCORTIN 4 RECEPTOR; MEMBRANE PROTEIN; PROTEIN; TMEM18 PROTEIN, HUMAN;

ADIPOSITY; ADULT; AGE DISTRIBUTION; AGED; ALPHA-KETOGLUTARATE-DEPENDENT DIOXYGENASE FTO; BODY MASS INDEX; COHORT STUDIES; FEMALE; GENOTYPE; HUMANS; LIFE STYLE; MALE; MEMBRANE PROTEINS; MENDELIAN RANDOMIZATION ANALYSIS; MIDDLE AGED; OBESITY; PERIODONTITIS; POLYMORPHISM, SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE; PROTEINS; RECEPTOR, MELANOCORTIN, TYPE 4; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84936754004     PISSN: 03005771     EISSN: 14643685     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyv075     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. Pihlstrom BL, Michalowicz BS, Johnson NW. Periodontal diseases. Lancet 2005;366:1809-20.
2. Petersen PE, Bourgeois D, Ogawa H, Estupinan-Day S, Ndiaye C. The global burden of oral diseases and risks to oral health. Bull World Health Organ 2005;83:661-69.
3. Linden GJ, Lyons A, Scannapieco FA. Periodontal systemic associations: review of the evidence. J Periodontol 2013;84(Suppl 4): S8-S19.
4. World Health Organization (WHO). Obesity: Preventing and Managing the Global Epidemic. Report of a WHO Consultation. World Health Organization technical report series. Geneva: WHO, 2000.
5. Chaffee BW, Weston SJ. Association between chronic periodontal disease and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Periodontol 2010;81:1708-24.
6. Suvan J, D'Aiuto F, Moles DR, Petrie A, Donos N. Association between overweight/obesity and periodontitis in adults. A systematic review. Obes Rev 2011;12:e381-404.
7. Jimenez M, Hu FB, Marino M, Li Y, Joshipura KJ. Prospective associations between measures of adiposity and periodontal disease. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2012;20:1718-25.
8. Lawlor DA, Harbord RM, Sterne JA, Timpson N, Davey Smith G. Mendelian randomization: using genes as instruments for making causal inferences in epidemiology. Stat Med 2008;27: 1133-63.
9. Davey Smith G, Ebrahim S. 'Mendelian randomization': can genetic epidemiology contribute to understanding environmental determinants of disease? Int J Epidemiol 2003; 32:1-22.
10. Sarwar N, Sandhu MS, Ricketts SL et al. Triglyceride-mediated pathways and coronary disease: collaborative analysis of 101 studies. Lancet 2010;375:1634-39.
11. Nordestgaard BG, Palmer TM, Benn M et al. The effect of elevated body mass index on ischemic heart disease risk: causal estimates from a Mendelian randomisation approach. PLoS Med 2012;9:e1001212.
12. Collaboration CRPCHDG, Wensley F, Gao P, Burgess S et al. Association between C reactive protein and coronary heart disease: mendelian randomisation analysis based on individual participant data BMJ 2011;342:d548.
13. Speliotes EK, Willer CJ, Berndt SI et al. Association analyses of 249,796 individuals reveal 18 new loci associated with body mass index. Nat Genet 2010;42:937-48.
14. Divaris K, Monda KL, North KE et al. Exploring the genetic basis of chronic periodontitis: a genome-wide association study. Hum Mol Genet 2013;22:2312-24.
15. Beck JD, Elter JR, Heiss G, Couper D, Mauriello SM, Offenbacher S. Relationship of periodontal disease to carotid artery intima-media wall thickness: the atherosclerosis risk in communities (ARIC) study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2001;21:1816-22.
16. Polk DE, Weyant RJ, Crout RJ et al. Study protocol of the Center for Oral Health Research in Appalachia (COHRA) etiology study. BMC Oral Health 2008;8:18.
17. Shaffer JR, Polk DE, Wang X et al. Genome-wide association study of periodontal health measured by probing depth in adults ages 18-49 years. G3 (Bethesda) 2014;4:307-14.
18. Polk DE, Wang X, Feingold E et al. Effects of smoking and genotype on the PSR index of periodontal disease in adults aged 18-49. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2012; 9:2839-50.
19. John U, Greiner B, Hensel E et al. Study of Health In Pomerania (SHIP): a health examination survey in an east German region: objectives and design. Soz Praventiv Med 2001;46:186-94.
20. Volzke H, Alte D, Schmidt CO et al. Cohort profile: the study of health in Pomerania. Int J Epidemiol 2011;40:294-307.
21. Hong Y, Pedersen NL, Brismar K, de Faire U. Genetic and environmental architecture of the features of the insulin-resistance syndrome. Am J Hum Genet 1997;60:143-52.
22. Renstrom F, Shungin D, Johansson I et al. Genetic predisposition to long-term nondiabetic deteriorations in glucose homeostasis: Tenyear follow-up of the GLACIER study. Diabetes 2011;60:345-54.
23. Berglund G, Elmstahl S, Janzon L, Larsson SA. The Malmo Diet and Cancer Study. Design and feasibility. J Intern Med 1993; 233:45-51.
24. Ridker PM, Chasman DI, Zee RY et al. Rationale, design, and methodology of the Women's Genome Health Study: a genomewide association study of more than 25,000 initially healthy American women. Clin Chem 2008;54:249-55.
25. Laurie CC, Doheny KF, Mirel DB, et al. Quality control and quality assurance in genotypic data for genome-wide association studies. Genet Epidemiol 2010;34:591-602.
26. Jensen MK, Pers TH, Dworzynski P, Girman CJ, Brunak S, Rimm EB. Protein interaction-based genome-wide analysis of incident coronary heart disease. Circ CardiovascGenet 2011;4:549-56.
27. Hunter DJ, Kraft P, Jacobs KB et al. A genome-wide association study identifies alleles in FGFR2 associated with risk of sporadic postmenopausal breast cancer. Nat Genet 2007;39:870-74.
28. Li Y, Willer CJ, Ding J, Scheet P, Abecasis GR. MaCH: using sequence and genotype data to estimate haplotypes and unobserved genotypes. Genet Epidemiol 2010c;34:816-34.
29. Howie BN, Donnelly P, Marchini J. A flexible and accurate genotype imputation method for the next generation of genomewide association studies. PLoS Genet 2009;5:e1000529.
30. Fontaine-Bisson B, Renstrom F, Rolandsson O et al. Evaluating the discriminative power of multi-trait genetic risk scores for type 2 diabetes in a northern Swedish population. Diabetologia 2010;53:2155-62.
31. Page RC, Eke PI. Case definitions for use in population-based surveillance of periodontitis. J Periodontol 2007;78(7 Suppl 7):1387-99.
32. World Health Organization. Oral Health Surveys: Basic Methods. 4th edn. Geneva: World Health Organization, 1997.
33. Harris R, Bradburn M, Deeks J, Harbord R, Altman D, Sterne J. metan: fixed-and random-effects meta-analysis. Stata J 2008;8: 3-28.
34. Higgins JP, Thompson SG. Quantifying heterogeneity in a metaanalysis. Stat Med 2002;21:1539-58.
35. Palmer TM, Sterne JA, Harbord RM et al. Instrumental variable estimation of causal risk ratios and causal odds ratios in Mendelian randomization analyses. Am J Epidemiol 2011;173: 1392-403.
36. Thomas DC, Lawlor DA, Thompson JR. Re: Estimation of bias in nongenetic observational studies using "Mendelian triangulation" by Bautista et al. Ann Epidemiol 2007;17:511-13.
37. Hausman JA. Specification tests in econometrics. Econometrica 1978;46:1251-71.
38. Xu H, Barnes GT, Yang Q et al. Chronic inflammation in fat plays a crucial role in the development of obesity-related insulin resistance. J Clin Invest 2003;112:1821-30.
39. Boesing F, Patino JS, da Silva VR, Moreira EA. The interface between obesity and periodontitis with emphasis on oxidative stress and inflammatory response. Obes Rev 2009;10:290-97.
40. Hotamisligil GS, Shargill NS, Spiegelman BM. Adipose expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha: direct role in obesity-linked insulin resistance. Science 1993;259:87-91.
41. Shimizu N, Ogura N, Yamaguchi M et al. Stimulation by interleukin-1 of interleukin-6 production by human periodontal ligament cells. Arch Oral Biol 1992;37:743-48.
42. Lundin M, Yucel-Lindberg T, Dahllof G, Marcus C, Modeer T. Correlation between TNFalpha in gingival crevicular fluid and body mass index in obese subjects. Acta Odontol Scand 2004; 62:273-77.
43. Graves DT, Cochran D. The contribution of interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor to periodontal tissue destruction. J Periodontol 2003;74:391-401.
44. Paraskevas S, Huizinga JD, Loos BG. A systematic review and meta-analyses on C-reactive protein in relation to periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol 2008;35:277-90.
45. Gorman A, Kaye EK, Apovian C, Fung TT, Nunn M, Garcia RI. Overweight and obesity predict time to periodontal disease progression in men. J Clin Periodontol 2012;39:107-14.
46. Morita I, Okamoto Y, Yoshii S et al. Five-year incidence of periodontal disease is related to body mass index. J Dent Res 2011; 90:199-202.
47. Lopez R, Baelum V. Contesting conventional periodontal wisdom: implications for periodontal classifications. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2012;40:385-95.
48. Grant RL. Converting an odds ratio to a range of plausible relative risks for better communication of research findings. BMJ 2014;348:f7450.
49. VanderWeele TJ, Tchetgen Tchetgen EJ, Cornelis M, Kraft P. Methodological challenges in mendelian randomization. Epidemiology 2014;25:427-35.
50. Frayling TM, Timpson NJ, Weedon MN et al. A common variant in the FTO gene is associated with body mass index and predisposes to childhood and adult obesity. Science 2007;316:889-94.
51. Locke AE, Kahali B, Berndt SI et al. Genetic studies of body mass index yield new insights for obesity biology. Nature 2015;518: 197-206.